C-type particle fluidized bed reactor and C-type particle fluidized bed reaction system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of gas-solid fluidized reactors, in particular to a C-type particle fluidized bed reactor and a C-type particle fluidized bed reaction system. The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor comprises a fluidized bed reactor body, a heating system and a pressure adjusting system, the heating system is arranged outside the fluidized bed reactor body, the pressure adjusting system comprises a pressure sensor, a vacuum pump and a pressure adjusting valve, and the pressure sensor is arranged at the top of the fluidized bed reactor body. And one end of the pressure regulating valve is connected with the air outlet of the fluidized bed reactor main body while the other end is connected with the vacuum pump. The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor can meet accurate pressure and temperature conditions and gas-solid fluidization reaction quality required by gas-solid reaction, realizes forced stirring of C-type particles in the reaction process and uniform gas-solid fluidization, and is simple in equipment structure, high in operation controllability and easy to carry out stable and fine chemical operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gas-solid fluidized reactors, in particular to a C-type particle fluidized bed reactor and a C-type particle fluidized bed reaction system. Background Art

[0002] Fluidized bed has the advantages of high mass and heat transfer efficiency, uniform temperature field and uniform gas-solid two-phase contact, and is widely used in the fields of energy, chemical industry and medicine. In the process of gas-solid fluidization, Geldart in 1973 divided the relationship between the fluidization characteristics of particles and the average particle size into four categories: A, B, C and D, based on years of research on the fluidization characteristics of fluidized beds due to small particles. Among them, Class C particles have viscous fluidization characteristics. On the Geldart particle classification chart, Class C particles refer to those with a particle size of <30 microns. Class C particles have a small particle size, and the electrostatic force and van der Waals force between particles are strong. Therefore, when gas and solid contact in the fluidized bed, it is often easy to produce channel flow and gas plugs, which can easily cause instability or even loss of fluidization during gas-solid fluidization, thereby reducing the efficiency of gas-solid reaction.

[0003] By adding a stirring device to the fluidized bed, the fluidization quality can be significantly improved. Therefore, the application of stirred fluidized beds has also received widespread attention. Although the C-type particles in the existing fluidized bed reactor with stirring function can effectively break the fine particle agglomeration and enhance the gas-solid contact during the reaction process, there are still disadvantages in the application process of some fine chemicals such as chemical vapor deposition and carbon material activation, which use the solid product after the reaction as the product. The main reason is that the solid particles in this type of reaction process basically belong to C-type particles, and the control requirements for parameters such as reaction time, temperature, and pressure are relatively high. In the fluidization process, some fine powders are prone to adhesion due to the force between particles, causing the fluidization state to deteriorate or even lose flow, which leads to uneven and unstable reaction. At the same time, a small amount of particles will be entrained by the airflow. The fine powder particles entrained to the top or outlet of the reactor are not in sufficient contact with the gas, resulting in "insufficient reaction" of these fine powder particles, and the overall qualified rate of solid particle products is reduced.

[0004] Therefore, in the prior art, the application of stirred fluidized beds mainly has the following two limitations. First, there is entrainment in the particle size of a small amount of solid particles in the reactor. The reaction time of these particles in the fluidized bed is inconsistent with the solid materials in the bed material, resulting in a decrease in the yield of reasonable products. The accuracy of controlling the reaction time of solid materials in the reactor is very important in many fine chemicals. Second, the pressure value in the reactor is difficult to adjust during the reaction, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of some reactions that require precise pressure and negative pressure operation. In summary, the above problems make the gas-solid uniform fluidization of Class C particles poor during the reaction, thereby reducing the reaction effect.

[0005] In view of this, the present utility model is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a C-type particle fluidized bed reactor and a C-type particle fluidized bed reaction system. The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor provided by the utility model embodiment can achieve uniform fluidization of C-type particles, and at the same time can meet the precise pressure and temperature conditions and gas-solid fluidization reaction quality required for gas-solid reaction, and achieves forced stirring of C-type particles during the reaction process and uniform gas-solid fluidization. The equipment has a simple structure, strong controllability, and is easy to perform stable and fine chemical operations.

[0007] The utility model is achieved in this way:

[0008] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a C-type particle fluidized bed reactor, which comprises a fluidized bed reactor body and a heating system, wherein the heating system is arranged outside the fluidized bed reactor body to heat the fluidized bed reactor body;

[0009] Also included is a pressure regulating system, the pressure regulating system being connected to the fluidized bed reactor body;

[0010] The pressure regulating system includes a pressure sensor, a vacuum pump and a pressure regulating valve. The pressure sensor is arranged on the top of the fluidized bed reactor body. One end of the pressure regulating valve is connected to the gas outlet of the fluidized bed reactor body, and the other end is connected to the vacuum pump.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the heating system is selected from any one or more combinations of an electric furnace heater, a flue gas jacket heater, an infrared heater, and inductive coupling heating.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the fluidized bed reactor body is selected from any one of a filtering exhaust gas fluidized bed reactor or a separating exhaust gas fluidized bed reactor.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the filtering exhaust fluidized bed reactor comprises a lower straight section and an upper expansion section which are connected in sequence, a filter column is arranged on the inner side of the top of the upper expansion section and is connected to the gas outlet, the pressure sensor is connected to the top of the upper expansion section, one end of the pressure regulating valve is connected to the gas outlet of the fluidized bed reactor body, and the other end is connected to the vacuum pump.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the separation exhaust fluidized bed reactor includes a straight cylinder section and a cyclone separator or other common gas-solid separation equipment, the gas outlet of the straight cylinder section is connected to the cyclone separator, the gas outlet of the cyclone separator is provided with a pressure regulating valve, and the top of the straight cylinder section is provided with a pressure sensor.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, a gas distributor is provided in the fluidized bed reactor body.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the particle size of the Class C solid particles in the fluidized bed reactor body is in the range of 0 to 30 μm, and is not 0.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the C-type particle fluidized bed reactor further includes a fluidized stirring mechanism, and the fluidized stirring mechanism is connected to the fluidized bed reactor body.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the fluidized stirring mechanism includes a transmission shaft, a stirring paddle and a motor, the motor is arranged at the top of the fluidized bed reactor body and connected to the fluidized bed reactor body, the transmission shaft and the stirring paddle are both arranged in the fluidized bed reactor body, and the two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected to the motor and the stirring paddle.

[0019] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a Class C particle fluidized bed reaction system, which includes a gas supply system and a Class C particle fluidized bed reactor of any one of the aforementioned embodiments, wherein the bottom air inlet of the fluidized bed reactor body is connected to the gas supply system.

[0020] The utility model has the following beneficial effects: the C-type particle fluidized bed reactor provided by the embodiment of the utility model can meet the precise pressure and temperature conditions and gas-solid fluidization reaction quality required for gas-solid reaction, and realizes forced stirring of C-type particles during the reaction process and uniform fluidization of gas and solid. The equipment has a simple structure, strong controllability in operation, and is easy to carry out stable and precise chemical operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a Class C particle fluidized bed reactor provided in Example 1 of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a Class C particle fluidized bed reactor provided in Example 2 of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a Class C particle fluidized bed reactor provided in Example 3 of the present utility model.

[0025] Icons: 100-C type particle fluidized bed reactor; 110-fluidized bed reactor body; 111-straight section; 112-cyclone separator; 113-by-product collecting barrel; 120-gas distributor; 130-product unloading barrel; 140-heating system; 150-pressure regulating system; 151-pressure sensor; 152-vacuum pump; 153-pressure regulating valve; 160-fluidization stirring mechanism; 161-drive shaft; 162-stirring paddle; 163-motor; 114-lower straight section; 115-upper expansion section; 116-filter column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0027] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the utility model provides a Class C particle fluidized bed reactor 100, which includes a fluidized bed reactor body 110. The fluidized bed reactor body 110 is used to provide space and conditions for gas-solid fluidization reaction. In this embodiment, the fluidized bed reactor body 110 is a separated exhaust fluidized bed reactor. Specifically, it includes a straight section 111 and a cyclone separator 112. The gas outlet of the straight section 111 is connected to the cyclone separator 112, and then the material passing through the straight section 111 is separated in the cyclone separator 112. A by-product receiving barrel 113 is provided at the solid discharge port of the cyclone separator 112. After the reaction is completed, the fixed material obtained in the reactor is the reaction product, and the solid particles in the by-product receiving barrel 113 are by-products. The cyclone separator 112 can recover fine powder and improve the yield of the product.

[0030] Furthermore, a gas distributor 120 is provided in the fluidized bed reactor body 110. Specifically, in this embodiment, the gas distributor 120 is provided in the straight cylinder section 111, and the gas distributor 120 is used to carry the Class C solid particles in the fluidized bed reactor and evenly distribute the intake air of the fluidized bed reactor.

[0031] The straight section 111 is provided with an air inlet at the bottom, a solid feed port at the top, and a solid discharge port at the side slightly higher than the gas distributor 120; a product discharge barrel 130 is provided at the solid discharge port. The pressure drop of the gas distributor 120 is 5% to 25% of the total pressure drop of the material in the fluidized bed reactor.

[0032] Furthermore, the C-type particle fluidized bed reactor 100 further includes a heating system 140 , and the heating system 140 is used to heat the fluidized bed reactor body 110 . Specifically, the heating system 140 is disposed outside the fluidized bed reactor body 110 .

[0033] The heating system 140 is selected from any one or more combinations of electric furnace heaters, flue gas jacket heaters, infrared heaters, and inductive coupling heaters. For example, in this embodiment, the heating system 140 is selected from an electric furnace heater, which is arranged outside the straight tube section 111 to heat the material in the straight tube section 111.

[0034] Further, the C-type particle fluidized bed reactor 100 also includes a pressure regulating system 150, which is used to adjust the pressure value inside the fluidized bed reactor body 110, and the pressure regulating system 150 is connected to the fluidized bed reactor body 110. Specifically, the pressure regulating system 150 includes a pressure sensor 151, a vacuum pump 152 and a pressure regulating valve 153, wherein the pressure sensor 151 is disposed at the top of the fluidized bed reactor body 110, and one end of the pressure regulating valve 153 is connected to the gas outlet of the fluidized bed reactor body 110, and the other end is connected to the vacuum pump 152.

[0035] In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 151 is a pressure gauge, which is arranged at the top of the straight section 111, and is used to monitor the pressure value in the straight section 111 and then adjust the pressure. The pressure regulating valve 153 is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone separator 112, and the other end of the pressure regulating valve 153 is connected to the vacuum pump 152.

[0036] The temperature of the heating system 140 is controlled within a range of 0 to 1000° C. The pressure regulating system 150 controls the apparent pressure value inside the fluidized bed reactor within a range of −50 to 300 kPa.

[0037] The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor 100 further includes a fluidized stirring mechanism 160, which is connected to the fluidized bed reactor body 110. The fluidized stirring mechanism 160 is used to stir the gas-solid particles in the fluidized bed reactor to improve the gas-solid fluidized contact degree during the reaction process.

[0038] Specifically, the fluidized stirring mechanism 160 includes a transmission shaft 161, a stirring paddle 162 and a motor 163. The motor 163 is arranged at the top of the fluidized bed reactor body 110 and connected to the fluidized bed reactor body 110. The transmission shaft 161 and the stirring paddle 162 are both arranged in the fluidized bed reactor body 110, and the two ends of the transmission shaft 161 are respectively connected to the motor 163 and the stirring paddle 162.

[0039] In this embodiment, the motor 163 is disposed at the top of the straight tube section 111 and is connected to the transmission shaft 161 to vertically extend into the reactor region of the straight tube section 111 . The bottom end of the transmission shaft 161 is connected to the stirring paddle 162 .

[0040] The stirring paddle 162 is one-stage or multi-stage; the stirring mode of the stirring paddle 162 is horizontal stirring and / or inclined stirring; the structural form of the stirring paddle 162 includes but is not limited to one or more combinations of fan blade form, tooth form, etc. In this embodiment, the stirring paddle 162 is one-stage and is inclined stirring, and the structural form of the stirring paddle 162 is tooth form.

[0041] This embodiment also provides a C-type particle fluidized bed reaction system, which includes a gas supply system and a C-type particle fluidized bed reactor 100, and the bottom gas inlet of the fluidized bed reactor body 110 is connected to the gas supply system. Specifically, the gas supply system is used to provide the gas source required for the gas-solid fluidization reaction, and the gas source comes from one or more combinations of an air compressor, a gas cylinder group and a blower; the gas supply system is connected to the gas inlet at the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor body 110 through a gas supply pipeline; a gas flow meter is arranged on the gas supply pipeline of the gas supply system.

[0042] More specifically, the Class C particle fluidized bed reactor 100 provided in this embodiment is used for battery material preparation. The total height of the reactor is 4.8 m and the diameter is 1 m. The fluidized bed reactor body 110 is made of 304 stainless steel. The driving motor 163 of the stirring mechanism of the fluidized bed reactor is a frequency modulation motor 163. The transmission shaft 161 of the stirring mechanism is perpendicular to the central axis of the fluidized bed reactor. The stirring paddle 162 at the bottom of the transmission shaft 161 is arranged obliquely with an angle of 30° with the horizontal plane. The stirring paddle 162 is a toothed structure. The length of the upper half side stirring paddle 162 connected to the transmission shaft 161 is 1 / 2 of the length of the lower side stirring paddle 162 connected to the transmission shaft 161.

[0043] The structure of the fluidized bed reactor body 110 is a separated exhaust fluidized bed reactor. The exhaust port of the reactor body is connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator 112, and a by-product collecting barrel 113 is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separator 112. The gas passing through the exhaust port of the external cyclone is further dust-removed by the filter bag and enters the subsequent pipeline equipped with an electric ball valve and a 150kw vacuum pump 152.

[0044] The solid material filling volume of the fluidized bed reactor is 0.75~1m 3 The inlet flow rate of the reaction gas is 180~350m 3 / h, the temperature control range of the electric furnace of the reactor body is 200-800°C, the pressure value during the gas-solid fluidization reaction is controlled at -20Pa-200Pa, the rotation speed of the stirring paddle 162 is 45r / min, the particle size of the solid particle raw material is 0-10μm, and the reaction time is 5h.

[0045] The yield of the reaction product obtained by using the fluidized bed reactor device is 83%, and the yield of the by-product is 17%.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] See also Figure 2 This embodiment provides a C-type particle fluidized bed reactor 100. The configuration of the C-type particle fluidized bed reactor 100 is basically the same as that of the C-type particle fluidized bed reactor 100 of Example 1, except that the following structures are different:

[0048] (1) The fluidized bed reactor body 110 is a filtering exhaust fluidized bed reactor, comprising a lower straight section 114 and an upper expansion section 115 connected in sequence, a filter column 116 is arranged on the inner side of the top of the upper expansion section 115 and is connected to the gas outlet, a pressure sensor 151 is connected to the top of the upper expansion section 115, one end of the pressure regulating valve 153 is connected to the gas outlet of the fluidized bed reactor body 110, and the other end is connected to the vacuum pump 152. In this embodiment, a solid feed port is arranged on the side of the lower straight section 114. The filter column 116 can reduce the entrainment of the reaction materials out of the reaction zone and improve the yield of the product.

[0049] (2) In this embodiment, the stirring paddle 162 is a two-stage stirring paddle 162 , and both are horizontal stirring paddles 162 .

[0050] The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor of this embodiment is used for the activation preparation of porous carbon materials, and the conditions are as follows: the total height of the reactor is 3m and the diameter is 0.5m. The main body of the fluidized bed reactor is made of 304 stainless steel and is heated and temperature-controlled by an electric furnace. The solid feeding port of the main body of the fluidized bed reactor is located on the side of the reactor body. The driving motor of the stirring mechanism of the fluidized bed reactor is a frequency-modulated motor, which is arranged on the top of the reactor body. The transmission shaft of the stirring mechanism is perpendicular to the central axis of the fluidized bed reactor. The stirring paddle at the bottom of the transmission shaft is arranged horizontally and adopts a two-stage stirring paddle. The stirring paddle is a fan-shaped structure. The diameter of the lower-stage stirring paddle is 0.48m, and the diameter of the upper-stage stirring paddle is 0.25m. The vertical distance between the center points of the two-stage stirring paddles is 300mm.

[0051] The structure of the fluidized bed reactor body is a filtered exhaust fluidized bed reactor, which mainly includes a lower straight section, an upper expansion section and a filtered exhaust port. The gas from the filtered exhaust port enters a subsequent pipeline equipped with an electric ball valve and a 50kw vacuum pump 152.

[0052] The porous carbon filling volume of the fluidized bed reactor is 0.1 to 0.2 m 3 The inlet flow rate of the activated gas is 20~160m 3 / h, the temperature control range of the electric furnace of the reactor body is 600-900°C, the pressure value during the gas-solid fluidization reaction is controlled at 50Pa-100Pa, the rotation speed of the stirring paddle 162 is 30r / min, the particle size of the solid carbon raw material is 20-30μm, and the activation time is 8h.

[0053] The porous carbon product obtained by the fluidized bed reactor has a specific surface area of ​​2200m 2 / kg, and the mesoporosity is 44%.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] See also Figure 3 This embodiment provides a C-type particle fluidized bed reactor 100. The configuration of the C-type particle fluidized bed reactor 100 is basically the same as that of the C-type particle fluidized bed reactor 100 of Example 2, except that the following structures are different:

[0056] In this embodiment, the stirring paddle 162 is also a horizontally arranged two-stage stirring paddle 162, but the motor driving the stirring paddle 162 is bottom-mounted, and the structure of the first-stage stirring paddle is anchor-type, and the structure of the second-stage stirring paddle is fan-blade-type.

[0057] The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor of this embodiment is used for the activation preparation of porous carbon materials. The conditions are as follows and are basically the same as those in Example 2, except that: the driving motor of the stirring mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the reactor body, the transmission shaft of the stirring mechanism is perpendicular to the center of the fluidized bed reactor and passes through the gas distributor, and a two-stage stirring paddle is adopted. The upper-stage stirring paddle is a fan-shaped structure with a diameter of 0.25 meters, and the lower-stage stirring paddle is an anchor-type structure with a diameter of 0.48 meters. The vertical distance between the center points of the upper-stage stirring paddle and the two-stage stirring paddle is 500 mm.

[0058] The porous carbon product obtained by the fluidized bed reactor has a specific surface area of ​​2100m 2 / kg, and the mesoporosity is 42%.

[0059] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A Class C particle fluidized bed reactor, characterized in that: It comprises a fluidized bed reactor body and a heating system, wherein the heating system is arranged outside the fluidized bed reactor body to heat the fluidized bed reactor body; Also included is a pressure regulating system, the pressure regulating system being connected to the fluidized bed reactor body; The pressure regulating system includes a pressure sensor, a vacuum pump and a pressure regulating valve. The pressure sensor is arranged on the top of the fluidized bed reactor body. One end of the pressure regulating valve is connected to the gas outlet of the fluidized bed reactor body, and the other end is connected to the vacuum pump.

2. The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating system is selected from any one or more combinations of electric furnace heaters, flue gas jacket heaters, infrared heaters and inductive coupling heating.

3. The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluidized bed reactor body is selected from any one of a filtering exhaust gas fluidized bed reactor and a separating exhaust gas fluidized bed reactor.

4. The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filtering exhaust fluidized bed reactor comprises a lower straight section and an upper expansion section which are connected in sequence. A filter column is arranged on the inner side of the top of the upper expansion section and is connected to the gas outlet. The pressure sensor is connected to the top of the upper expansion section. One end of the pressure regulating valve is connected to the gas outlet of the fluidized bed reactor body, and the other end is connected to the vacuum pump.

5. The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The separated exhaust fluidized bed reactor comprises a straight section and a cyclone separator, the gas outlet of the straight section is connected to the cyclone separator, the gas outlet of the cyclone separator is provided with a pressure regulating valve, and the top end of the straight section is provided with a pressure sensor.

6. The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas distributor is arranged in the fluidized bed reactor body.

7. The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the Class C solid particles in the fluidized bed reactor body ranges from 0 to 30 μm, and is not zero.

8. The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor also includes a fluidization stirring mechanism, and the fluidization stirring mechanism is connected to the fluidized bed reactor body.

9. The C-type particle fluidized bed reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fluidized stirring mechanism includes a transmission shaft, a stirring paddle and a motor. The motor is arranged on the top of the fluidized bed reactor body and connected to the fluidized bed reactor body. The transmission shaft and the stirring paddle are both arranged in the fluidized bed reactor body, and the two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected to the motor and the stirring paddle.

10. A C-type particle fluidized bed reaction system, characterized in that: It comprises an air supply system and the C-type particle fluidized bed reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the bottom air inlet of the fluidized bed reactor body is connected to the air supply system.

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