Described herein are multi-dimensional liquid
chromatography (MDLC) systems and methods of performing MDLC. The MDLC systems include a valve configuration that enables modulation of a flow containing an
analyte in an eluent of a first dimension liquid
chromatography system such that the
analyte can be captured in a fluidic circuit and subsequently provided to a second dimension liquid
chromatography system. Various
system embodiments are provided with small instrument size, including the option of using the same
detector for both the first and second dimensions, enabling improved
valve timing operations, and reduced magnitude and
impact of pressure pulses. Additionally, the modulator can enable
dilution of the
analyte, and the use of incompatible mobile phases and mobile phase flow rates on the first and second dimensions.