Device and method for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry waste

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for preparing biomass pellets from agricultural and forestry wastes, and relates to the technical field of biomass fuel pellets, including a belt conveyor. The present invention improves the existing device for preparing biomass pellets from agricultural and forestry wastes, and arranges a deviation correction frame on the belt conveyor to ensure that the bundled agricultural and forestry wastes are centrally positioned. A pretreatment mechanism is arranged on the belt conveyor, and a trimming component is driven by a vertical moving component on a supporting component of the pretreatment mechanism to trim the surface of the bundled agricultural and forestry wastes, trim the parts that are contaminated by mold on the surface and mixed with impurities, and then the parts are crushed by a crushing mechanism to enter a biomass pellet machine to form biomass pellets, which is beneficial to preventing the generation of harmful gases in the fuel process, improving the combustion effect of biomass pellets, improving combustion efficiency, and meeting emission requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass fuel particles, and more specifically, to a device and method for preparing biomass particles by utilizing agricultural and forestry wastes. Background Art

[0002] In the current context of environmental protection and sustainable development, the use of agricultural and forestry waste to prepare biomass pellets as an efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion method is receiving more and more attention. This method not only realizes the resource utilization of waste and reduces environmental pollution, but also provides a clean and renewable energy source. However, in the existing process of preparing biomass pellets from agricultural and forestry waste, there are still some problems that need to be solved, especially in the raw material processing link.

[0003] Mold contamination: The surface of agricultural and forestry waste that has been left for a long time is prone to mold growth. These molds not only affect the quality of the raw materials, but may also produce harmful gases such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during the subsequent combustion process, posing a potential threat to human health and the environment.

[0004] Impurities mixed in: Impurities such as soil and stones that are contaminated during transportation, if not effectively removed, directly enter the molding equipment, which will seriously affect the combustion effect of biomass pellets. Hard impurities such as stones may cause increased wear of the combustion equipment and shorten its service life; while soft impurities such as soil may reduce the combustion efficiency and increase the emission of unburned substances.

[0005] Environmental protection standards are not met: Due to the presence of mold and impurities, biomass pellets prepared by traditional methods may not fully meet the requirements of environmental protection standards during the combustion process, especially in terms of harmful gas emissions. This not only limits the scope of application of biomass pellets, but may also cause environmental protection supervision issues. Therefore, how to solve the above problems is particularly important; in view of this, we propose a device and method for preparing biomass pellets using agricultural and forestry waste. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry wastes to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry wastes, comprising a belt conveyor, a deviation correction frame is provided on the belt conveyor, a pretreatment mechanism is provided on the side of the belt conveyor close to the deviation correction frame, a head and tail push and sweep mechanism is provided on the side of the belt conveyor close to the pretreatment mechanism, a reciprocating material turning mechanism is provided on the side of the head and tail push and sweep mechanism of the belt conveyor, a waste collection box is provided at the position directly below the output end of the belt conveyor, a crushing mechanism is provided on the side of the belt conveyor close to the reciprocating material turning mechanism, and the A biomass pellet machine is provided at the output end of the crushing mechanism; the pretreatment mechanism includes a supporting assembly, a vertical moving assembly, a trimming assembly and a state adjustment assembly, the supporting assembly is arranged at a position of the belt conveyor close to one side of the deviation correction frame, the vertical moving assembly is arranged on the supporting assembly, the trimming assembly is hoisted at the output end of the vertical moving assembly, one end of the state adjustment assembly is arranged on the supporting assembly, and the other end of the state adjustment assembly is connected to the trimming assembly; wherein, the trimming assembly has a ring trimming state and an outer wall trimming state through the state adjustment assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the support assembly includes a support frame, a mounting ring frame and a vertical pole, several of the support frames are installed on the belt conveyor by bolts, the mounting ring frame is installed on the top of several of the support frames, the vertical pole is installed on the top of the mounting ring frame, the vertical movement assembly is connected to the vertical pole, and the state adjustment assembly is installed on the mounting ring frame; the vertical movement assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the vertical pole, several of the first connecting rods are connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder in a ring shape with equal intervals, the second connecting rod is connected to the end of the first connecting rod away from the hydraulic cylinder, and the trimming assembly is hoisted to the end of the second connecting rod away from the first connecting rod.

[0009] Preferably, the trimming assembly includes an annular top cover, a bearing bottom cover, a rotating ring and rotating blades. The annular top cover is hoisted on the end of the second connecting rod away from the first connecting rod, the bearing bottom cover is connected to the bottom end of the annular top cover, the rotating ring is rotatably arranged on the bearing bottom cover, the rotating blades are movably connected between the bearing bottom cover and the rotating ring in an annular shape with equal intervals, and the state adjustment assembly is connected to the rotating ring at one end away from the mounting ring frame.

[0010] Preferably, the bearing bottom cover is provided with long holes at equal intervals in a ring shape, the rotating ring is provided with sliding grooves at equal intervals in a ring shape, the rotating blade is provided with an insertion rod, the top end of the insertion rod is movably inserted in the sliding groove, the bottom end of the insertion rod is movably inserted in the long hole, the inner end of the rotating blade is provided with a first blade, and the rotating blade is provided with a second blade near the bottom end of the first blade; a rotating rod is provided on the outer wall of the rotating ring, a rotating groove is provided on the outer wall of the bearing bottom cover, the rotating rod is movably inserted in the rotating groove, and the rotating rod is connected to the state adjustment component at one end away from the rotating ring.

[0011] Preferably, the state adjustment component includes a support rod, a ring and a first cylinder, the first cylinder is arranged on the mounting ring frame, the ring is sleeved on the output end of the first cylinder, one end of the support rod is connected to the ring, and the other end of the support rod is connected to the rotating rod.

[0012] Preferably, the head and tail push-sweeping mechanism includes a bearing plate, a center plate, a slide rail, an axle rod, a slider, a driving arm, a head rod, a tail rod and a push-sweeping block. The axle rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the belt conveyor, the center plate is rotatably sleeved on the axle rod, the bearing plate is connected to the bottom end of the axle rod, the slide rail is symmetrically arranged on the bearing plate, the slider is symmetrically slidably connected to the slide rail, one end of the driving arm is hingedly connected to the end of the center plate, and the other end of the driving arm is hingedly connected to the slider, the head rod is connected to one of the sliders, the tail rod is connected to the other slider, and the push-sweeping block is connected to the head rod and the tail rod away from one end of the slider.

[0013] Preferably, the reciprocating material turning mechanism includes a turning shaft, a turning rod, a reciprocating assembly and a reduction motor. The turning shaft is rotatably inserted at the output end of the belt conveyor, the turning rod is fixedly sleeved on the turning shaft, the reciprocating assembly is arranged at a position of the belt conveyor close to one end of the turning shaft, and the reduction motor is connected to the reciprocating assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the reciprocating assembly includes a mounting plate, a driving shaft, a central shaft, a first gear, a second gear, a sleeve rod, a sliding rod, an arc block and a limit block. The mounting plate is arranged on the belt conveyor, the driving shaft is symmetrically rotatably inserted on the mounting plate, the reduction motor is connected to the driving shaft, the central shaft is rotatably inserted on the mounting plate, the first gear is fixedly sleeved on the driving shaft, the second gear is symmetrically rotatably arranged on the mounting plate, the two second gears are meshed with each other and meshedly connected to the first gear, the sleeve rod is sleeved on the driving shaft, the sliding rod is arranged at one end of the sleeve rod away from the driving shaft, the arc block is sleeved on the driving shaft, the limit block is sleeved on the central shaft, and the limit block is connected to the flip shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the limit block is provided with arc grooves in a circular shape and at equal intervals, and the limit block is also provided with chute grooves symmetrically, the arc grooves are matched with the arc block, and the slide rod is matched with the chute grooves.

[0016] The present invention provides a method for using a device for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry wastes, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1, conveying operation;

[0018] First, the bundled agricultural and forestry waste is transported by a belt conveyor. During the transportation process, the agricultural and forestry waste is corrected and centered by a correction frame and then transported to the position directly below the pretreatment mechanism.

[0019] S2, pre-processing operation;

[0020] S2.1. Select the corresponding trimming state according to the type of trimming required. If the outer wall of the raw material needs to be trimmed, firstly, the hydraulic cylinder stroke of the vertical moving component drives the trimming component to be evenly pressed down through the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, the first cylinder drives the rotating rod to move in the rotating groove, the rotating rod drives the rotating ring to rotate, the sliding groove at the bottom end of the rotating ring and the long holes with equal spacing in the shape of a ring on the bearing bottom cover cause the insertion rod to drive the rotating blade to be in an unfolded state, the hydraulic cylinder stroke drives the rotating blade and the second blade to be pressed down, and the outer wall of the raw material is trimmed;

[0021] S2.2. Select the corresponding trimming state according to the type of trimming required. If the top and bottom walls of the raw materials need to be trimmed, firstly, the hydraulic cylinder stroke of the vertical moving assembly is used to drive the trimming assembly to be evenly pressed down to the required trimming height position through the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. When the first cylinder drives the rotating rod to move in the rotating groove, the rotating rod drives the rotating ring to rotate. The sliding groove at the bottom end of the rotating ring and the long holes with equal spacing in a ring shape on the bearing bottom cover cause the insertion rod to drive the rotating blades and the first blade arranged horizontally to perform a ring cutting action to trim the top and bottom surfaces of the bundled agricultural and forestry wastes;

[0022] S3, waste cleaning operation;

[0023] S3.1. After the trimming assembly trims the raw material, the belt conveyor transports the trimmed raw material to the location of the head and tail push-sweeping mechanisms. The external driving mechanism drives one of the sliders to slide on the slide rail. The slider drives the center plate to rotate on the shaft through one of the driving arms. The center plate drives the other driving arm to make the other slider slide on the slide rail. The two sliders move in opposite directions on the slide rail, respectively driving the head rod, tail rod and push-sweeping block to clean the material cut from the top and tail ends of the raw material into the waste collection box.

[0024] S3.2, the reduction motor drives one of the driving shafts of the reciprocating assembly to rotate, the driving shaft drives the first gear to rotate, the first gear meshes with one of the second gears to rotate, one of the second gears meshes with another second gear to rotate, and the other second gear meshes with another first gear to rotate, so that the two driving shafts can realize positive and negative rotation, drive the sleeve rod, the slide rod and the arc block to rotate, the slide rod and the arc block cooperate with the arc groove and chute on the limit block, so that the limit block reciprocates at 90°, drives the flip shaft and the flip rod to rotate at 90°, so that the waste attached to the outer wall of the cut raw material falls into the waste collection box when flipping;

[0025] S4, crushing operation;

[0026] The cut raw materials enter the crushing mechanism and are crushed into froth;

[0027] S5, forming operation;

[0028] The crushed raw materials are squeezed into biomass fuel pellets through a biomass pellet machine for discharge.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention improves the existing device for preparing biomass pellets from agricultural and forestry wastes. A deviation correction frame is arranged on the belt conveyor to ensure that the bundles of agricultural and forestry wastes are centered. A pretreatment mechanism is arranged on the belt conveyor. The vertical moving component on the supporting component of the pretreatment mechanism drives the trimming component to trim the surface of the bundles of agricultural and forestry wastes, trims the parts that are contaminated by mold on the surface and mixed with impurities, and then grinds them through a crushing mechanism to enter the biomass pellet machine to form biomass pellets, which is beneficial to prevent the generation of harmful gases in the fuel process, improve the combustion effect of biomass pellets, improve combustion efficiency, and meet emission requirements.

[0031] 2. In the present invention, an annular top cover is hoisted at the bottom end of the plurality of second connecting rods, a bearing bottom cover is installed at the bottom end of the annular top cover, a rotating ring and a rotating blade are movably provided between the bearing bottom cover and the annular top cover, a rotating groove is provided on the outer wall of the bearing bottom cover, and a rotating rod is provided on the outer wall of the rotating ring. When the first cylinder of the state adjustment component drives the rotating rod to move in the rotating groove, the rotating rod drives the rotating ring to rotate, and the sliding groove at the bottom end of the rotating ring and the long holes provided in annular shapes and equal intervals on the bearing bottom cover cause the insertion rod to drive the rotating blades and the first blades arranged horizontally to perform a circular cutting action, which is used for trimming the top and bottom surfaces of bundled agricultural and forestry wastes. When the rotating blades are in the expanded state, the hydraulic cylinder stroke drives the rotating blades and the second blades to trim the outer wall of the raw material. The present invention has a significant effect on trimming impurities, which is beneficial to further improve work efficiency, improve the quality of biomass pellets produced, and facilitate combustion.

[0032] 3. In the present invention, after the trimming assembly trims the raw material, the belt conveyor conveys the trimmed raw material to the position where the head and tail push-sweeping mechanisms are located, and the external driving mechanism drives one of the sliders to slide on the slide rail, and the slider drives the center plate to rotate on the shaft through one of the driving arms, and the center plate drives the other driving arm to make the other slider slide on the slide rail. The two sliders move in opposite directions on the slide rail, respectively driving the head rod, the tail rod and the push-sweeping block to clean the material trimmed from the top and tail ends of the raw material into the waste collection box, which helps to further save human resources and improve the preparation efficiency of biomass particles.

[0033] 4. In the present invention, a flip shaft is arranged on one side of the output end of the belt conveyor close to the head and tail pushing and sweeping mechanisms, and a plurality of flip rods are sleeved on the flip shaft. The reduction motor drives one of the driving shafts of the reciprocating assembly to rotate, and the driving shaft drives the first gear to rotate, and the first gear meshes with one of the second gears to rotate, and one of the second gears meshes with another second gear to rotate, and the other second gear meshes with another first gear to rotate, so that the two driving shafts can realize positive and negative rotation, drive the sleeve rod, the slide rod and the arc block to rotate, and the slide rod and the arc block cooperate with the arc groove and the chute on the limit block, so that the limit block reciprocates in the 90° state, and drives the flip shaft and the flip rod to rotate in the 90° state, so that the waste attached to the outer wall of the raw material after cutting falls into the waste collection box during turning, and the cut raw material enters the crushing mechanism for crushing, which saves the space occupied by the turning mechanism, improves the waste collection efficiency, and further saves labor resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall right side structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall left side structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pretreatment mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the trimming and cutting component of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the split cross-sectional structure of the trimming assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the annular structure of the rotating blade of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating blade of the present invention;

[0042] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the belt conveyor, the front and rear push-sweeping mechanisms and the reciprocating material turning mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head and tail push-sweep mechanism of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reciprocating material turning mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of one side of the reciprocating material turning mechanism of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.13 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the reciprocating material turning mechanism of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the use of the trimming assembly of the present invention for trimming the outer wall of a raw material;

[0048] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the use state of the trimming assembly of the present invention for trimming the top and bottom ends of a raw material;

[0049] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0050] 1. Belt conveyor; 2. Deviation correction frame; 3. Pretreatment mechanism; 4. Head and tail push and sweep mechanism; 5. Reciprocating material turning mechanism; 6. Waste collection box; 7. Crushing mechanism; 8. Biomass pellet machine;

[0051] 301, support assembly; 302, vertical moving assembly; 303, trimming assembly; 304, state adjustment assembly; 305, first blade; 306, second blade;

[0052] 401, bearing plate; 402, center plate; 403, slide rail; 404, shaft rod; 405, slider; 406, driving arm; 407, head rod; 408, tail rod; 409, push-broom block;

[0053] 501, flip shaft; 502, flip rod; 503, reciprocating assembly; 504, reduction motor;

[0054] 3011, support frame; 3012, mounting ring frame; 3013, vertical pole;

[0055] 3021, hydraulic cylinder; 3022, first connecting rod; 3023, second connecting rod;

[0056] 3031, annular top cover; 3032, bearing bottom cover; 3033, rotating ring; 3034, rotating blade; 3035, long hole; 3036, slide groove; 3037, insertion rod; 3038, rotating rod; 3039, rotating groove;

[0057] 3041, support rod; 3042, collar; 3043, first cylinder;

[0058] 5031, mounting plate; 5032, driving shaft; 5033, central shaft; 5034, first gear; 5035, second gear; 5036, sleeve rod; 5037, slide rod; 5038, arc block; 5039, limit block; 5040, arc groove; 5041, chute. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] Example 1

[0060] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, the present invention relates to a device for preparing biomass pellets from agricultural and forestry wastes, comprising a belt conveyor 1, a deviation correction frame 2 is provided on the belt conveyor 1, a pretreatment mechanism 3 is provided on the side of the belt conveyor 1 close to the deviation correction frame 2, a head and tail push and sweep mechanism 4 is provided on the side of the belt conveyor 1 close to the pretreatment mechanism 3, a reciprocating material turning mechanism 5 is provided on the side of the head and tail push and sweep mechanism 4 of the belt conveyor 1, a waste collection box 6 is provided at the position directly below the output end of the belt conveyor 1, a crushing mechanism 7 is provided on the side of the belt conveyor 1 close to the reciprocating material turning mechanism 5, and a biomass pellet machine 8 is provided at the output end of the crushing mechanism 7;

[0061] The pre-processing mechanism 3 includes a supporting assembly 301, a vertical moving assembly 302, a trimming assembly 303 and a state adjusting assembly 304. The supporting assembly 301 is arranged at a position close to one side of the belt conveyor 1 and the deviation correcting frame 2. The vertical moving assembly 302 is arranged on the supporting assembly 301. The trimming assembly 303 is hoisted at the output end of the vertical moving assembly 302. One end of the state adjusting assembly 304 is arranged on the supporting assembly 301, and the other end of the state adjusting assembly 304 is connected to the trimming assembly 303.

[0062] The trimming component 303 is placed in an annular trimming state and an outer wall trimming state through the state adjustment component 304 .

[0063] The present invention improves the existing device for preparing biomass pellets from agricultural and forestry wastes. A deviation correction frame 2 is arranged on a belt conveyor 1 to ensure that the bundles of agricultural and forestry wastes are centrally positioned. A pretreatment mechanism 3 is arranged on the belt conveyor 1. The vertical moving component 302 on the supporting component 301 of the pretreatment mechanism 3 drives the trimming component 303 to trim the surface of the bundles of agricultural and forestry wastes, trims the parts that are contaminated by mold on the surface and mixed with impurities, and then is crushed by a crushing mechanism 7 to enter a biomass pellet machine 8 to form biomass pellets, which is beneficial to prevent the generation of harmful gases in the fuel process, improve the combustion effect of biomass pellets, improve combustion efficiency, and meet emission requirements.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present invention, the support assembly 301 includes a support frame 3011, a mounting ring frame 3012 and a vertical pole 3013. A plurality of support frames 3011 are mounted on the belt conveyor 1 by bolts, the mounting ring frame 3012 is arranged at the top of a plurality of support frames 3011, the vertical pole 3013 is arranged at the top of the mounting ring frame 3012, the vertical moving assembly 302 is connected to the vertical pole 3013, and the state adjustment assembly 304 is arranged on the mounting ring frame 3012;

[0065] The vertical moving assembly 302 includes a hydraulic cylinder 3021, a first connecting rod 3022 and a second connecting rod 3023. The hydraulic cylinder 3021 is connected to the vertical rod 3013. A plurality of first connecting rods 3022 are connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 3021 in a ring-shaped and equidistant manner. The second connecting rod 3023 is connected to the end of the first connecting rod 3022 away from the hydraulic cylinder 3021. The trimming assembly 303 is hoisted to the end of the second connecting rod 3023 away from the first connecting rod 3022.

[0066] In the present invention, four support frames 3011 are installed on the side of the belt conveyor 1 by bolts, a ring-shaped mounting ring frame 3012 is provided at the top of the four support frames 3011, a vertical pole 3013 is provided on the mounting ring frame 3012, a hydraulic cylinder 3021 is arranged on the vertical pole 3013, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 3021 is horizontally arranged with four first connecting rods 3022 in a ring shape and at equal intervals, and the ends of the four first connecting rods 3022 are respectively connected to the second connecting rods 3023, and the bottom end of the second connecting rod 3023 is connected to the top of the trimming component 303, so that the vertical downward force of the hydraulic cylinder 3021 is more evenly transmitted to the trimming component 303, thereby preventing the bundled raw materials from tipping over due to uneven force during the trimming process.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, the trimming assembly 303 includes an annular top cover 3031, a bearing bottom cover 3032, a rotating ring 3033 and rotating blades 3034. The annular top cover 3031 is suspended on the end of the second connecting rod 3023 away from the first connecting rod 3022. The bearing bottom cover 3032 is connected to the bottom end of the annular top cover 3031. The rotating ring 3033 is rotatably arranged on the bearing bottom cover 3032. The rotating blades 3034 are movably connected between the bearing bottom cover 3032 and the rotating ring 3033 in an annular shape with equal intervals. The state adjustment assembly 304 is connected to the rotating ring 3033 at one end away from the mounting ring frame 3012.

[0068] Long holes 3035 are formed in an annular shape with equal intervals on the bearing bottom cover 3032, sliding grooves 3036 are formed in an annular shape with equal intervals on the rotating ring 3033, and a plug rod 3037 is formed on the rotating blade 3034. The top end of the plug rod 3037 is movably inserted in the sliding groove 3036, and the bottom end of the plug rod 3037 is movably inserted in the long hole 3035. A first blade 305 is formed at the inner end of the rotating blade 3034, and a second blade 306 is formed on the rotating blade 3034 near the bottom end of the first blade 305;

[0069] A rotating rod 3038 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating ring 3033 , a rotating groove 3039 is opened on the outer wall of the supporting bottom cover 3032 , the rotating rod 3038 is movably inserted in the rotating groove 3039 , and one end of the rotating rod 3038 away from the rotating ring 3033 is connected to the state adjustment component 304 .

[0070] The state adjustment component 304 includes a support rod 3041, a ring 3042 and a first cylinder 3043. The first cylinder 3043 is arranged on the mounting ring frame 3012. The ring 3042 is sleeved on the output end of the first cylinder 3043. One end of the support rod 3041 is connected to the ring 3042, and the other end of the support rod 3041 is connected to the rotating rod 3038.

[0071] In the present invention, an annular top cover 3031 is hoisted at the bottom end of the plurality of second connecting rods 3023, a bearing bottom cover 3032 is installed at the bottom end of the annular top cover 3031, a rotating ring 3033 and a rotating blade 3034 are movably arranged between the bearing bottom cover 3032 and the annular top cover 3031, a rotating groove 3039 is opened on the outer wall of the bearing bottom cover 3032, and a rotating rod 3038 is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating ring 3033. When the first cylinder 3043 of the state adjustment component 304 drives the rotating rod 3038 to move in the rotating groove 3039, the rotating ring 3033 is rotated. The rod 3038 drives the rotating ring 3033 to rotate, and the slide groove 3036 at the bottom end of the rotating ring 3033 and the long holes 3035 arranged in a circular shape with equal intervals on the bearing bottom cover 3032 cause the insertion rod 3037 to drive the rotating blades 3034 and the first blade 305 arranged horizontally to perform a circular cutting action, which is used to trim the top and bottom surfaces of the bundled agricultural and forestry waste. When the rotating blades 3034 are in the expanded state, the hydraulic cylinder 3021 stroke drives the rotating blades 3034 and the second blade 306 to trim the outer wall of the raw material, see the attached manual Fig.14 and 15 The present invention has a significant effect on trimming impurities, which is beneficial to further improve work efficiency, enhance the quality of produced biomass particles, and facilitate combustion.

[0072] As another embodiment of the present invention, the head and tail push-sweeping mechanism 4 includes a supporting plate 401, a center plate 402, a slide rail 403, an axle rod 404, a slider 405, a driving arm 406, a head rod 407, a tail rod 408 and a push-sweeping block 409. The axle rod 404 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the belt conveyor 1, the center plate 402 is rotatably sleeved on the axle rod 404, the supporting plate 401 is connected to the bottom end of the axle rod 404, the slide rail 403 is symmetrically arranged on the supporting plate 401, the slider 405 is symmetrically slidably connected to the slide rail 403, one end of the driving arm 406 is hingedly connected to the end of the center plate 402, and the other end of the driving arm 406 is hingedly connected to the slider 405, the head rod 407 is connected to one of the sliders 405, the tail rod 408 is connected to the other slider 405, and the push-sweeping block 409 is connected to the end of the head rod 407 and the tail rod 408 away from the slider 405.

[0073] In the present invention, after the trimming component 303 trims the raw material, the belt conveyor 1 transports the trimmed raw material to the location of the head and tail push-sweeping mechanisms 4, and the external driving mechanism drives one of the sliders 405 to slide on the slide rail 403. The slider 405 drives the center plate 402 to rotate on the shaft 404 through one of the driving arms 406. The center plate 402 drives the other driving arm 406 to make the other slider 405 slide on the slide rail 403. The two sliders 405 move in opposite directions on the slide rail 403, respectively driving the head rod 407, the tail rod 408 and the push-sweeping block 409 to clean the material trimmed from the top and tail ends of the raw material into the waste collection box 6, which helps to further save human resources and is beneficial to improving the preparation efficiency of biomass particles.

[0074] As another embodiment of the present invention, the reciprocating material turning mechanism 5 includes a turning shaft 501, a turning rod 502, a reciprocating assembly 503 and a reduction motor 504. The turning shaft 501 is rotatably inserted at the output end of the belt conveyor 1, the turning rod 502 is fixedly sleeved on the turning shaft 501, the reciprocating assembly 503 is arranged at a position of the belt conveyor 1 close to one end of the turning shaft 501, and the reduction motor 504 is connected to the reciprocating assembly 503.

[0075] The reciprocating assembly 503 includes a mounting plate 5031, a driving shaft 5032, a central shaft 5033, a first gear 5034, a second gear 5035, a sleeve rod 5036, a slide rod 5037, an arc block 5038 and a limit block 5039. The mounting plate 5031 is arranged on the belt conveyor 1, the driving shaft 5032 is symmetrically rotated and inserted on the mounting plate 5031, the reduction motor 504 is connected to the driving shaft 5032, the central shaft 5033 is rotatably inserted on the mounting plate 5031, and the first gear 503 The first gear 5034 is fixedly sleeved on the driving shaft 5032, the second gear 5035 is symmetrically rotatably arranged on the mounting plate 5031, the two second gears 5035 are meshed with each other and meshedly connected to the first gear 5034, the sleeve rod 5036 is sleeved on the driving shaft 5032, the slide rod 5037 is arranged at one end of the sleeve rod 5036 away from the driving shaft 5032, the arc block 5038 is sleeved on the driving shaft 5032, the limit block 5039 is sleeved on the central shaft 5033, and the limit block 5039 is connected to the flip shaft 501.

[0076] The limit block 5039 is provided with arc grooves 5040 in a circular shape and at equal intervals. The limit block 5039 is also provided with chute grooves 5041 symmetrically. The arc grooves 5040 are matched with the arc block 5038 , and the slide bar 5037 is matched with the chute grooves 5041 .

[0077] In the present invention, a flip shaft 501 is arranged on one side of the output end of the belt conveyor 1 near the head and tail push-sweeping mechanism 4, and a plurality of flip rods 502 are sleeved on the flip shaft 501. The reduction motor 504 drives one of the driving shafts 5032 of the reciprocating assembly 503 to rotate, and the driving shaft 5032 drives the first gear 5034 to rotate, and the first gear 5034 is meshed with one of the second gears 5035 to rotate, and one of the second gears 5035 is meshed with another second gear 5035 to rotate, and another second gear 5035 is meshed with another first gear 5034 to rotate, so that the two driving shafts 50 32 realizes forward and reverse rotation, driving the sleeve rod 5036, the slide rod 5037 and the arc block 5038 to rotate. The slide rod 5037 and the arc block 5038 cooperate with the arc groove 5040 and the chute 5041 on the limit block 5039, so that the limit block 5039 reciprocates at 90°, driving the flip shaft 501 and the flip rod 502 to rotate at 90°, so that the waste attached to the outer wall of the raw material after cutting falls into the waste collection box 6 during flipping, and the cut raw material enters the crushing mechanism 7 for crushing, which saves the space occupied by the flip mechanism, improves the waste collection efficiency, and further saves labor resources.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] This embodiment provides a method for using a device for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry waste, comprising the following steps:

[0080] S1, conveying operation;

[0081] First, the bundled agricultural and forestry wastes are transported by the belt conveyor 1 . During the transportation process, the agricultural and forestry wastes are corrected and centered by the correcting frame 2 , and then transported to a position directly below the pretreatment mechanism 3 .

[0082] S2, pre-processing operation;

[0083] S2.1. Select the corresponding trimming state according to the type of trimming required. If the outer wall of the raw material needs to be trimmed, firstly, the hydraulic cylinder 3021 of the vertical moving component 302 is stroked, and the trimming component 303 is evenly pressed down through the first connecting rod 3022 and the second connecting rod 3023. The first cylinder 3043 drives the rotating rod 3038 to move in the rotating groove 3039, and the rotating rod 3038 drives the rotating ring 3033 to rotate. The sliding groove 3036 at the bottom end of the rotating ring 3033 and the long holes 3035 with equal intervals in a ring shape on the supporting bottom cover 3032 cause the insertion rod 3037 to drive the rotating blade 3034 to be in an expanded state. The hydraulic cylinder 3021 stroke drives the rotating blade 3034 and the second blade 306 to press down to trim the outer wall of the raw material.

[0084] S2.2. Select the corresponding trimming state according to the type of trimming required. If the top and bottom walls of the raw material need to be trimmed, firstly, the hydraulic cylinder 3021 of the vertical moving assembly 302 is stroked, and the trimming assembly 303 is evenly pressed down to the required trimming height position through the first connecting rod 3022 and the second connecting rod 3023. When the first cylinder 3043 drives the rotating rod 3038 to move in the rotating groove 3039, the rotating rod 3038 drives the rotating ring 3033 to rotate, and the sliding groove 3036 at the bottom end of the rotating ring 3033 and the long holes 3035 arranged in a circular shape with equal intervals on the supporting bottom cover 3032 cause the insertion rod 3037 to drive the rotating blades 3034 and the first blade 305 arranged horizontally to perform a circular cutting action to trim the top and bottom surfaces of the bundled agricultural and forestry waste.

[0085] S3, waste cleaning operation;

[0086] S3.1. After the trimming assembly 303 trims the raw material, the belt conveyor 1 conveys the trimmed raw material to the location of the head and tail push-sweeping mechanisms 4. The external driving mechanism drives one of the sliders 405 to slide on the slide rail 403. The slider 405 drives the center plate 402 to rotate on the shaft 404 through one of the driving arms 406. The center plate 402 drives the other driving arm 406 to make the other slider 405 slide on the slide rail 403. The two sliders 405 move in opposite directions on the slide rail 403, respectively driving the head rod 407, the tail rod 408 and the push-sweeping block 409 to clean the material cut from the top and tail ends of the raw material into the waste collection box 6.

[0087] S3.2, the reduction motor 504 drives one of the driving shafts 5032 of the reciprocating assembly 503 to rotate, and the driving shaft 5032 drives the first gear 5034 to rotate, and the first gear 5034 meshes with one of the second gears 5035 to rotate, one of the second gears 5035 meshes with the other second gear 5035 to rotate, and the other second gear 5035 meshes with the other first gear 5034 to rotate, so that the two driving shafts 5032 can realize positive and negative rotation, drive the sleeve rod 5036, the sliding rod 5037 and the arc block 5038 to rotate, the sliding rod 5037 and the arc block 5038 cooperate with the arc groove 5040 and the chute 5041 on the limit block 5039, so that the limit block 5039 reciprocates in the 90° state, drives the flip shaft 501 and the flip rod 502 to rotate in the 90° state, so that the waste attached to the outer wall of the cut raw material falls into the waste collection box 6 when flipping.

[0088] S4, crushing operation;

[0089] The trimmed raw material enters the pulverizing mechanism 7 to be pulverized into a frothy state.

[0090] S5, forming operation;

[0091] The crushed raw materials are squeezed into biomass fuel pellets by the biomass pellet machine 8 for discharge.

[0092] The embodiments of the present invention disclose preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. A person skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. However, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry waste, characterized in that: The invention comprises a belt conveyor (1), wherein a deviation correction frame (2) is provided on the belt conveyor (1), a pre-processing mechanism (3) is provided on the side of the belt conveyor (1) close to the deviation correction frame (2), a head and tail push and sweeping mechanism (4) is provided on the side of the belt conveyor (1) close to the pre-processing mechanism (3), a reciprocating material turning mechanism (5) is provided on the side of the head and tail push and sweeping mechanism (4) of the belt conveyor (1), a waste material collection box (6) is provided at a position directly below the output end of the belt conveyor (1), a crushing mechanism (7) is provided on the side of the belt conveyor (1) close to the reciprocating material turning mechanism (5), and a biomass pellet machine (8) is provided at the output end of the crushing mechanism (7); The pre-treatment mechanism (3) comprises a support component (301), a vertical moving component (302), a trimming component (303) and a state adjustment component (304); the support component (301) is arranged at a position of the belt conveyor (1) close to one side of the deflection correction frame (2); the vertical moving component (302) is arranged on the support component (301); the trimming component (303) is hoisted at the output end of the vertical moving component (302); one end of the state adjustment component (304) is arranged on the support component (301); and the other end of the state adjustment component (304) is connected to the trimming component (303); The trimming component (303) is enabled to have an annular trimming state and an outer wall trimming state through the state adjustment component (304).

2. The device for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (301) comprises a support frame (3011), a mounting ring frame (3012) and a vertical pole (3013); a plurality of the support frames (3011) are mounted on the belt conveyor (1) by means of bolts; the mounting ring frame (3012) is arranged at the top of a plurality of the support frames (3011); the vertical pole (3013) is arranged at the top of the mounting ring frame (3012); the vertical moving assembly (302) is connected to the vertical pole (3013); and the state adjustment assembly (304) is arranged on the mounting ring frame (3012); The vertical moving assembly (302) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (3021), a first connecting rod (3022) and a second connecting rod (3023); the hydraulic cylinder (3021) is connected to the vertical rod (3013); a plurality of the first connecting rods (3022) are connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (3021) in a ring-shaped manner and at equal intervals; the second connecting rod (3023) is connected to an end of the first connecting rod (3022) away from the hydraulic cylinder (3021); and the trimming assembly (303) is hoisted to an end of the second connecting rod (3023) away from the first connecting rod (3022).

3. The device for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The trimming assembly (303) comprises an annular top cover (3031), a bearing bottom cover (3032), a rotating ring (3033) and rotating blades (3034); the annular top cover (3031) is hoisted on the end of the second connecting rod (3023) away from the first connecting rod (3022); the bearing bottom cover (3032) is connected to the bottom end of the annular top cover (3031); the rotating ring (3033) is rotatably arranged on the bearing bottom cover (3032); the rotating blades (3034) are movably connected between the bearing bottom cover (3032) and the rotating ring (3033) in an annular shape and at equal intervals; and the state adjustment assembly (304) is connected to the rotating ring (3033) at one end away from the mounting ring frame (3012).

4. The device for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The bearing bottom cover (3032) is provided with long holes (3035) at equal intervals in a ring shape, the rotating ring (3033) is provided with sliding grooves (3036) at equal intervals in a ring shape, the rotating blade (3034) is provided with an insertion rod (3037), the top end of the insertion rod (3037) is movably inserted in the sliding groove (3036), the bottom end of the insertion rod (3037) is movably inserted in the long hole (3035), the inner end of the rotating blade (3034) is provided with a first blade (305), and the rotating blade (3034) is provided with a second blade (306) near the bottom end of the first blade (305); A rotating rod (3038) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating ring (3033), a rotating groove (3039) is provided on the outer wall of the supporting bottom cover (3032), the rotating rod (3038) is movably inserted in the rotating groove (3039), and one end of the rotating rod (3038) away from the rotating ring (3033) is connected to the state adjustment component (304).

5. The device for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The state adjustment component (304) comprises a support rod (3041), a collar (3042) and a first cylinder (3043); the first cylinder (3043) is arranged on the mounting ring frame (3012); the collar (3042) is sleeved on the output end of the first cylinder (3043); one end of the support rod (3041) is connected to the collar (3042); and the other end of the support rod (3041) is connected to the rotating rod (3038).

6. The device for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The head and tail push-sweeping mechanism (4) comprises a bearing plate (401), a center plate (402), a slide rail (403), an axle rod (404), a slider (405), a driving arm (406), a head rod (407), a tail rod (408) and a push-sweeping block (409), wherein the axle rod (404) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the belt conveyor (1), the center plate (402) is rotatably sleeved on the axle rod (404), the bearing plate (401) is connected to the bottom end of the axle rod (404), and the slide rail (403) is symmetrically arranged on the bearing plate (401). 1), the slider (405) is symmetrically slidably connected to the slide rail (403), one end of the driving arm (406) is hingedly connected to the end of the center plate (402), the other end of the driving arm (406) is hingedly connected to the slider (405), the head rod (407) is connected to one of the sliders (405), the tail rod (408) is connected to the other slider (405), and the push-broom block (409) is connected to the head rod (407) and the tail rod (408) at one end away from the slider (405).

7. The device for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reciprocating material turning mechanism (5) comprises a turning shaft (501), a turning rod (502), a reciprocating assembly (503) and a reduction motor (504); the turning shaft (501) is rotatably inserted at the output end of the belt conveyor (1); the turning rod (502) is fixedly sleeved on the turning shaft (501); the reciprocating assembly (503) is arranged at a position of the belt conveyor (1) close to one end of the turning shaft (501); and the reduction motor (504) is connected to the reciprocating assembly (503).

8. The device for preparing biomass particles from agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reciprocating assembly (503) comprises a mounting plate (5031), a driving shaft (5032), a central shaft (5033), a first gear (5034), a second gear (5035), a sleeve rod (5036), a slide rod (5037), an arc block (5038) and a limit block (5039); the mounting plate (5031) is arranged on the belt conveyor (1); the driving shaft (5032) is symmetrically rotatably inserted on the mounting plate (5031); the reduction motor (504) is connected to the driving shaft (5032); the central shaft (5033) is rotatably inserted on the mounting plate (5031); the first gear (5034) is fixed The second gear (5035) is sleeved on the driving shaft (5032), and the second gear (5035) is symmetrically rotatably arranged on the mounting plate (5031). The two second gears (5035) are meshed with each other and meshedly connected to the first gear (5034). The sleeve rod (5036) is sleeved on the driving shaft (5032), and the sliding rod (5037) is arranged at one end of the sleeve rod (5036) away from the driving shaft (5032). The arc block (5038) is sleeved on the driving shaft (5032), and the limit block (5039) is sleeved on the central shaft (5033), and the limit block (5039) is connected to the flip shaft (501).

9. The device for preparing biomass particles using agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limit block (5039) is provided with arc grooves (5040) at equal intervals in a circular shape, and the limit block (5039) is also provided with symmetrical chute grooves (5041). The arc grooves (5040) are adapted to the arc block (5038), and the slide rod (5037) is adapted to the chute grooves (5041).

10. The method for using the device for preparing biomass particles from agricultural and forestry wastes according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, conveying operation; First, bundles of agricultural and forestry waste are transported via a belt conveyor (1). During the transportation process, the agricultural and forestry waste is corrected and centered by a correction frame (2) and then transported to a position directly below a pretreatment mechanism (3); S2, pre-processing operation; S2.

1. Select the corresponding trimming state according to the type of trimming required. If the outer wall of the raw material needs to be trimmed, firstly, the hydraulic cylinder (3021) of the vertical moving assembly (302) is stroked to drive the trimming assembly (303) to be evenly pressed downward through the first connecting rod (3022) and the second connecting rod (3023). The first cylinder (3043) drives the rotating rod (3038) to move in the rotating groove (3039). The rotating rod (3038) drives the rotating ring (3033) to rotate. The sliding groove (3036) at the bottom end of the rotating ring (3033) and the long holes (3035) formed in a circular shape and at equal intervals on the bearing bottom cover (3032) cause the insert rod (3037) to drive the rotating blade (3034) to be in an unfolded state. The hydraulic cylinder (3021) stroke drives the rotating blade (3034) and the second blade (306) to be pressed downward to trim the outer wall of the raw material. S2.2, selecting a corresponding trimming state according to the type of trimming required. If the top wall and the bottom wall of the raw material need to be trimmed, firstly, the hydraulic cylinder (3021) of the vertical moving assembly (302) is stroked, and the trimming assembly (303) is driven to be uniformly pressed down to the required trimming height position through the first connecting rod (3022) and the second connecting rod (3023). When the first cylinder (3043) drives the rotating rod (3038) to move in the rotating groove (3039), the rotating rod (3038) drives the rotating ring (3033) to rotate, and the sliding groove (3036) at the bottom end of the rotating ring (3033) and the long holes (3035) provided in an annular shape with equal intervals on the bearing bottom cover (3032) cause the insertion rod (3037) to drive the rotating blades (3034) and the first blade (305) arranged horizontally to perform a circular cutting action, thereby trimming the top and bottom surfaces of the bundled agricultural and forestry waste; S3, waste cleaning operation; S3.

1. After the trimming assembly (303) trims the raw material, the belt conveyor (1) conveys the trimmed raw material to the location of the head and tail push-sweeping mechanisms (4), and the external driving mechanism drives one of the sliders (405) to slide on the slide rail (403). The slider (405) drives the center plate (402) to rotate on the shaft (404) through one of the driving arms (406). The center plate (402) drives the other driving arm (406) to make the other slider (405) slide on the slide rail (403). The two sliders (405) move in opposite directions on the slide rail (403), respectively driving the head rod (407), the tail rod (408) and the push-sweeping block (409) to clean the material cut from the top and tail ends of the raw material into the waste collection box (6); S3.2, the reduction motor (504) drives one of the driving shafts (5032) of the reciprocating assembly (503) to rotate, the driving shaft (5032) drives the first gear (5034) to rotate, the first gear (5034) meshes with one of the second gears (5035) to rotate, one of the second gears (5035) meshes with another second gear (5035) to rotate, and another second gear (5035) meshes with another first gear (5034) to rotate, so that the two driving shafts (50 32) realizes forward and reverse rotation, driving the sleeve rod (5036), the slide rod (5037) and the arc block (5038) to rotate, the slide rod (5037) and the arc block (5038) cooperate with the arc groove (5040) and the chute (5041) on the limit block (5039), so that the limit block (5039) reciprocates in a 90° state, driving the flip shaft (501) and the flip rod (502) to rotate in a 90° state, so that the waste attached to the outer wall of the raw material after cutting falls into the waste collection box (6) during flipping; S4, crushing operation; The cut raw materials enter the crushing mechanism (7) and are crushed into a frothy state; S5, forming operation; The crushed raw materials are squeezed into biomass fuel pellets by a biomass pellet machine (8) for discharge.

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