Burner of crushed coal and molten slag gasification furnace, control method and crushed coal and molten slag gasification furnace
By setting up fire detection channels, gasification channels and oxygen-burning guns in the burner of the crushed coal slag gasification furnace, the bed cavity state is detected according to the flame parameters to control fuel inlet, which solves the slag discharge caused by the lower temperature of the furnace chamber. The problem of poor quality improves temperature and gasification efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411271628.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
AI Technical Summary
In the coal crushed slag gasification furnace, the problem of lower temperature in the furnace chamber causing poor slag discharge and cooling of the furnace bottom is difficult to effectively solve the problem of the existing technology.
By setting fire detection channels, gasification channels and oxygen-burning guns in the burner, using flame parameters to detect whether there is a bed cavity, and controlling the inflow of fuel and gasifier based on the detection results to ensure that the fuel is fully burned in the bed. And replenish heat through an oxygen-burning gun to avoid fuel clogging.
The bed temperature is increased, the slag discharge is not smooth, and the gas production per unit furnace capacity and gasification efficiency are enhanced.
Smart Images
Figure CN119120062A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of crushed coal slag gasification furnaces, and in particular to a burner of a crushed coal slag gasification furnace, a control method and a crushed coal slag gasification furnace. Background Art
[0002] The fixed bed crushed coal slag gasification furnace is a fixed bed gasification furnace used for crushed coal gasification and liquid slag discharge. At present, the gasification furnace generally includes a cylindrical high-pressure furnace. Crushed coal is thrown into the furnace from the top and piled up in the furnace to form a bed layer. A number of oxygen spray guns are inserted into the lower side wall of the furnace to spray oxygen and water vapor into the bed layer. These gasifying agents react with the crushed coal in the bed layer to produce synthesis gas, which is discharged from the gas phase space near the furnace top. At the same time, the high temperature generated by the gasification process melts the coal slag that has completed the reaction in the lower part of the furnace into liquid, and the liquid coal slag is discharged out of the furnace through the slag outlet at the bottom of the furnace, completing the crushed coal gasification and slag discharge process.
[0003] However, during the operation of the above-mentioned gasifier, the heat of the slag zone in the lower part of the furnace comes from the heat generated by the gasification reaction of the carbon and other elements in the bed coal by the oxygen injected by the oxygen spray gun. But in actual operation, after the carbon and other elements are gasified, only coal slag remains in the bed, and the injection of oxygen can no longer generate heat for gasification, resulting in a decrease in the temperature of the slag discharge area at the bottom of the bed, which is insufficient to melt the coal slag, thereby causing problems such as poor slag discharge and a cold furnace bottom. Summary of the invention
[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a burner of a crushed coal slag gasifier, a control method and a crushed coal slag gasifier, which control the gasification channel according to whether there is a bed cavity to increase the bed temperature and avoid poor slag discharge.
[0005] In a first aspect, a burner of a crushed coal slag gasification furnace is provided, wherein the nozzle of the burner is arranged in a bed layer of the crushed coal slag gasification furnace, and the burner comprises: a fire detection channel, one end of which is connected to the nozzle of the burner, and the other end of which is provided with a fire detection, and the fire detection is used to detect flame parameters at the nozzle of the burner through the fire detection channel; a gasification channel, which is used to introduce a first fuel and a gasifying agent into the bed layer when the flame parameters meet target conditions, so that the first fuel burns in the bed layer; and stop introducing the first fuel and the gasifying agent into the bed layer when the flame parameters do not meet the target conditions; wherein the first fuel is a liquid fuel or a solid fuel, and when the flame parameters meet the target conditions, a bed cavity exists at the nozzle of the burner; and an oxygen combustion gun, which is used to introduce at least oxygen into the bed layer.
[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, the burner further includes: a mixing cavity, and the fire detection channel, the gasification channel and the oxygen-combustion gun are connected to the nozzle of the burner through the mixing cavity.
[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the burner further includes: a first cooling channel for cooling the gasification channel using a cooling medium; and a second cooling channel for cooling the oxygen-fuel gun using a cooling medium.
[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the gasification channel is nested in the periphery of the fire detection channel, the first cooling channel is nested in the periphery of the gasification channel, the oxygen-combustion gun is nested in the periphery of the first cooling channel, and the second cooling channel is nested in the periphery of the oxygen-combustion gun.
[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the flame parameters include brightness and flickering frequency, and the target condition includes that the brightness reaches a target brightness and the flickering frequency reaches a target flickering frequency.
[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the gasification channel includes: a first fuel sub-channel, used to introduce the first fuel into the bed, the first fuel including at least one of pulverized coal, coke, biomass particles, and water-coal slurry; a gasifier sub-channel, used to introduce the gasifier into the bed, the gasifier including at least one of pure oxygen and water vapor; wherein the fuel sub-channel is nested in the periphery of the fire detection channel, and the gasifier sub-channel is nested in the periphery of the fuel sub-channel; or, the gasifier sub-channel is nested in the periphery of the fire detection channel, and the fuel sub-channel is nested in the periphery of the gasifier sub-channel.
[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the oxygen-combustion gun is also used to introduce a second fuel into the bed so that the second fuel burns in the bed. The oxygen-combustion gun includes: a second fuel sub-channel, nested in the periphery of the gasification channel, for introducing the second fuel into the bed, the second fuel including at least one of natural gas, coal gas, biogas, liquefied gas, and chemical synthesis gas; an oxygen sub-channel, nested in the periphery of the second fuel sub-channel, for introducing oxygen, or oxygen and water vapor into the bed.
[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, a guide vane is provided in the oxygen sub-channel, and the guide vane is used to increase the flow rate of oxygen, or oxygen and water vapor in the oxygen sub-channel.
[0013] In a second aspect, a control method for a burner of a crushed coal slag gasifier is provided, wherein the nozzle of the burner is arranged in the bed layer of the crushed coal slag gasifier, and the burner includes a fire detection channel, a gasification channel and an oxygen-fuel gun, and the method includes: in response to a start-up instruction of the crushed coal slag gasifier, opening a combustion ring at the bottom of the furnace of the crushed coal slag gasifier to increase the bed temperature; when the bed temperature reaches a target temperature, opening the oxygen-fuel gun to at least introduce oxygen into the bed layer; opening the fire detection so that the fire detection obtains the fire at the nozzle of the burner through the fire detection channel. flame parameters; when the flame parameters meet the target conditions, it is determined that there is a bed cavity at the nozzle of the burner, and the gasification channel is opened to introduce a first fuel and a gasifying agent into the bed to make the first fuel burn in the bed, wherein the first fuel is a liquid fuel or a solid fuel; when the flame parameters do not meet the target conditions, it is determined that the bed cavity disappears, the gasification channel is closed to stop introducing the first fuel and the gasifying agent into the bed, and the oxygen-fuel gun is opened to re-melt the bed to regenerate the bed cavity at the nozzle of the burner.
[0014] In a third aspect, a crushed coal slag gasifier is provided, comprising the burner of the crushed coal slag gasifier as described in the first aspect.
[0015] By applying the above technical scheme, the nozzle of the burner is set in the bed of the crushed coal slag gasifier, and the burner includes a fire detection channel, a gasification channel and an oxygen-burning gun. The flame parameters at the nozzle of the burner are detected by the fire detection corresponding to the fire detection channel. When the flame parameters meet the target conditions, it is determined that there is a bed cavity at the nozzle of the burner, and the first fuel and gasifier are introduced into the bed by the gasification channel to make the first fuel burn in the bed. When the flame parameters do not meet the target conditions, it is determined that the bed cavity at the nozzle of the burner disappears, so that the gasification channel stops introducing the first fuel and gasifier into the bed, and at least oxygen is introduced through the oxygen-burning gun to re-introduce the first fuel and oxidant after the bed cavity is regenerated. By controlling the gasification channel according to whether there is a bed cavity, while avoiding the first fuel from blocking the nozzle of the burner, it is ensured that the first fuel is fully burned in the bed, thereby realizing efficient heat supplementation in the furnace bed, increasing the bed temperature, avoiding poor slag discharge, and increasing the gas production per unit furnace capacity and gasification efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a burner of a crushed coal slag gasifier according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0018] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a burner of a crushed coal slag gasification furnace according to another embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the crushed coal slag gasifier according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 4 Flow chart of a method for controlling a burner of a crushed coal slag gasifier according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0021] Figure 1-Figure 3 In the figure, 100, burner; 110, fire detection channel; 111, fire detection; 120, gasification channel; 121, first fuel sub-channel; 122, gasifier sub-channel; 130, oxygen-burning gun; 131, second fuel sub-channel; 132, oxygen sub-channel; 133, guide vane; 140, mixing cavity; 150, first cooling channel; 160, second cooling channel; 200, crushed coal slag gasification furnace; 210, bed; 300, flame; 400, bed cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] Various aspects and features of the present application are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0023] It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the above description should not be considered as limiting, but only as an example of an embodiment. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of the present application will occur to those skilled in the art.
[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the general description of the present application given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present application.
[0025] These and other characteristics of the present application will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment given as a non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0026] It should also be understood that although the present application has been described with reference to some specific examples, those skilled in the art will be able to readily implement many other equivalent forms of the present application.
[0027] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent in view of the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0028] Specific embodiments of the present application are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the embodiments applied for are merely examples of the present application, which may be implemented in a variety of ways. Well-known and / or repeated functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid unnecessary or redundant details that obscure the present application. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details applied for herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely serve as a basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to use the present application in a variety of ways with substantially any suitable detailed structure.
[0029] This specification may use the phrases "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," all of which may refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to the present application.
[0030] A burner of a crushed coal slag gasification furnace in an embodiment of the present application controls the gasification channel according to whether there is a bed cavity, thereby avoiding fuel clogging the burner nozzle and ensuring that the first fuel is fully burned in the bed, thereby achieving efficient heat replenishment in the furnace bed, increasing the bed temperature, avoiding poor slag discharge, and improving the gas production per unit furnace volume and gasification efficiency.
[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the nozzle of the burner 100 is arranged in the bed 210 of the crushed coal slag gasification furnace 200, and the burner 100 includes:
[0032] The flame detection channel 110 has one end connected to the nozzle of the burner 100 and the other end provided with a flame detector 111, and the flame detector 111 is used to detect the flame parameters at the nozzle of the burner 100 through the flame detection channel 110;
[0033] The gasification channel 120 is used to introduce the first fuel and the gasifying agent into the bed 210 when the flame parameters meet the target conditions, so that the first fuel burns in the bed 210; when the flame parameters do not meet the target conditions, stop introducing the first fuel and the gasifying agent into the bed 210; wherein the first fuel is a liquid fuel or a solid fuel, and when the flame parameters meet the target conditions, a bed cavity 400 exists at the nozzle of the burner 100;
[0034] The oxygen combustion gun 130 is used to introduce oxygen into at least the bed 210 .
[0035] In this embodiment, the crushed coal slag gasification furnace 200 can be a fixed bed crushed coal slag gasification furnace, and the burner 100 includes a fire detection channel 110, a gasification channel 120 and an oxygen combustion gun 130. The cross-sections of the fire detection channel 110, the gasification channel 120 and the oxygen combustion gun 130 can be circular or other shapes except circular.
[0036] One end of the oxygen-fuel gun 130 is connected to the nozzle of the burner 100, and at least oxygen is introduced into the other end. During the operation of the crushed coal slag gasification furnace 200, the oxygen-fuel gun 130 introduces oxygen into at least the bed 210, and the high-speed airflow reacts with the crushed coal in the furnace bed 210 to generate a gasification reaction. As the reaction proceeds, the crushed coal is gasified and the slag is melted. The molten slag forms a bed cavity 400 in front of the nozzle of the burner 100 due to its own adhesion and the impact of the high-speed airflow. In this process, the flame detection 111 is used to detect the flame parameters of the flame 300 at the nozzle of the burner 100 in real time through the fire detection channel 110. If the flame parameters meet the target conditions, it means that the bed 210 at the nozzle of the burner 100 has burned out a bed cavity 400. At this time, the first fuel and the gasifying agent are introduced into the bed 210 through the gasification channel 120 to make the first fuel burn in the bed 210. Due to the bed cavity 400, the first fuel can be fully burned in the bed 210, which can increase the temperature of the bed 210 and avoid poor slag discharge. In addition, since the crushed coal bed 210 has poor stability and is prone to collapse, the bed cavity 400 may disappear due to the collapse of the bed 210 during the gasification process, blocking the burner 100. Therefore, if the flame parameters do not meet the target conditions, it means that the bed cavity 400 disappears. At this time, the gasification channel 120 stops introducing the first fuel and gasifying agent into the bed 210 to avoid the solid or liquid first fuel from blocking the burner's contact point, and continues to introduce oxygen into the bed 210 through the oxygen-burning gun 130 to melt the crushed coal in the bed 210 again. When the flame parameters meet the target conditions again, that is, the bed cavity 400 is formed again, the first fuel and gasifying agent are introduced into the bed 210 through the gasification channel 120 to allow the first fuel to burn in the bed 210 and increase the temperature of the bed 210. At the same time, gasification produces synthesis gas, and the main equations are: 2C+O2=2CO, C+O2=CO2, C+CO2=2CO, 2CO+O2=2CO2, which increases the gas output per unit furnace capacity and gasification efficiency.
[0037] The burner 100 of the crushed coal slag gasifier 200 of the embodiment of the present application, the nozzle of the burner 100 is arranged in the bed 210 of the crushed coal slag gasifier 200, the burner 100 includes a fire detection channel 110, a gasification channel 120 and an oxygen combustion gun 130, and a fire detection 111 corresponding to the fire detection channel 110 is used to detect the flame parameters at the nozzle of the burner 100. When the flame parameters meet the target conditions, it is determined that there is a bed cavity 400 at the nozzle of the burner 100, and the first fuel and gasifying agent are introduced into the bed 210 by the gasification channel 120 to make the first fuel burn in the bed 210. When the flame parameters do not meet the target conditions, it is determined that the bed cavity 400 at the nozzle of the burner 100 disappears, so that the gasification channel 120 stops introducing the first fuel and gasifying agent into the bed 210. By controlling the gasification channel 120 according to whether the bed cavity 400 exists, and introducing at least oxygen through the oxygen-burning gun, the first fuel and the oxidant are introduced again after the bed cavity is regenerated. While preventing the fuel from clogging the nozzle of the burner 100, it is ensured that the first fuel is fully burned in the bed 210, thereby achieving efficient heat supplementation in the furnace bed 210, increasing the temperature of the bed 210, avoiding poor slag discharge, and improving the gas production per unit furnace volume and gasification efficiency.
[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the burner 100 further includes:
[0039] The mixing cavity 140 , the fire detection channel 110 , the gasification channel 120 and the oxygen combustion gun 130 are connected to the nozzle of the burner 100 through the mixing cavity 140 .
[0040] In this embodiment, by providing the mixing cavity 140 , it can be ensured that the nozzle of the burner 100 will not be completely blocked by the bed layer 210 , leaving a mixed gas phase space, thereby further improving the reliability of the burner 100 .
[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the burner 100 further includes:
[0042] The first cooling channel 150 is used to cool the gasification channel 120 using a cooling medium;
[0043] The second cooling channel 160 is used to cool the oxygen combustion gun 130 using a cooling medium.
[0044] In this embodiment, the cooling medium can be water or other medium that can realize the cooling function. By setting the first cooling channel 150, the gasification channel 120 can be cooled to prevent the gasification channel 120 from being burned by the flame. By setting the second cooling channel 160, the oxygen-combustion gun 130 can be cooled to prevent the oxygen-combustion gun 130 from being burned by the flame, thereby ensuring that the burner 100 can operate stably for a long time.
[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, the gasification channel 120 is nested in the periphery of the fire detection channel 110, the first cooling channel 150 is nested in the periphery of the gasification channel 120, the oxygen-combustion gun 130 is nested in the periphery of the first cooling channel 150, and the second cooling channel 160 is nested in the periphery of the oxygen-combustion gun 130.
[0046] In this embodiment, the burner 100 is a multi-channel nested structure, the gasification channel 120 is nested in the periphery of the fire detection channel 110, the first cooling channel 150 is nested in the periphery of the gasification channel 120, the oxygen combustion gun 130 is nested in the periphery of the first cooling channel 150, and the second cooling channel 160 is nested in the periphery of the oxygen combustion gun 130, so that the first fuel and gasifying agent in the gasification channel 120 can be fully mixed with the oxygen in the oxygen combustion gun 130, ensuring that sufficient heat is provided for the bed 210, and can make the structure of the burner 100 more compact, reducing the installation space required for the burner 100.
[0047] It should be noted that those skilled in the art may also adopt other structural combinations of the gasification channel 120, the fire detection channel 110, the oxygen combustion gun 130, the first cooling channel 150 and the second cooling channel 160, which does not affect the protection scope of the present application.
[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the flame parameters include brightness and flickering frequency, and the target condition includes that the brightness reaches a target brightness and the flickering frequency reaches a target flickering frequency.
[0049] In this embodiment, the flame parameters include brightness and flickering frequency. If the brightness of the flame 300 reaches the target brightness and the flickering frequency reaches the target flickering frequency, it means that the bed cavity 400 has been burned out in the bed 210. If the brightness of the flame 300 does not reach the target brightness or the flickering frequency does not reach the target flickering frequency, it means that the bed cavity 400 has disappeared.
[0050] By combining the two flame parameters, it is possible to more accurately determine whether the bed cavity 400 exists.
[0051] Optionally, in addition to brightness and flicker frequency, flame parameters may also include parameters such as color. For example, if the brightness reaches the target brightness, the flicker frequency reaches the target flicker frequency, and the color meets the target color, it is determined that the flame parameters meet the target conditions. Alternatively, if the brightness reaches the target brightness, and the color meets the target color, it is determined that the flame parameters meet the target conditions. Alternatively, if the flicker frequency reaches the target flicker frequency, and the color meets the target color, it is determined that the flame parameters meet the target conditions.
[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the gasification channel 120 includes:
[0053] The first fuel sub-channel 121 is used to pass the first fuel into the bed 210, and the first fuel includes at least one of pulverized coal, coke, biomass particles, and water-coal slurry;
[0054] The gasifying agent sub-channel 122 is used to introduce the gasifying agent into the bed 210, and the gasifying agent includes at least one of pure oxygen and water vapor;
[0055] Among them, the fuel sub-channel is nested in the periphery of the fire detection channel 110, and the gasifier sub-channel 122 is nested in the periphery of the fuel sub-channel; or, the gasifier sub-channel 122 is nested in the periphery of the fire detection channel 110, and the fuel sub-channel is nested in the periphery of the gasifier sub-channel 122.
[0056] In this embodiment, by setting the first fuel sub-channel 121 and the gasifier sub-channel 122, the gasification channel 120 can respectively introduce the first fuel and the gasifier into the bed 210, thereby ensuring more complete combustion of the first fuel. The positions of the first fuel sub-channel 121 and the gasifier sub-channel 122 can be interchanged, and different types of first fuel and gasifier can be used, thereby improving flexibility.
[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the oxygen-combustion gun 130 is also used to introduce a second fuel into the bed 210 so that the second fuel burns in the bed 210. The oxygen-combustion gun 130 includes:
[0058] The second fuel sub-channel 131 is nested in the periphery of the gasification channel 120 and is used to pass the second fuel into the bed 210. The second fuel includes at least one of natural gas, coal gas, biogas, liquefied gas, and chemical synthesis gas;
[0059] The oxygen sub-channel 132 is nested in the periphery of the second fuel sub-channel 131 and is used to introduce oxygen, or oxygen and water vapor into the bed 210 .
[0060] In this embodiment, by setting the second fuel sub-channel 131 to introduce the second fuel into the bed 210, and setting the oxygen sub-channel 132 to introduce oxygen, or oxygen and water vapor into the bed 210, it can be ensured that the second fuel is fully burned in the bed 210, and more efficient burning out of the bed cavity 400 can be achieved, and different types of second fuels can be used, thereby improving flexibility.
[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the second fuel is less than the stoichiometric ratio, that is, oxygen is in excess, and the excess oxygen coefficient is ≥1. The gas entering the bed 210 includes CO, CO2, H2, H2O steam and O2, etc., to ensure that there is enough high-temperature oxygen entering the bed 210 to react with the lump coal in the bed 210 for gasification, thereby burning out the bed cavity 400.
[0062] It is understood that if the oxygen lance 130 is only used to introduce oxygen, or oxygen and water vapor, into the bed 210, the oxygen lance 130 only includes the oxygen sub-channel 132, such as Figure 2 shown.
[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, a guide vane 133 is provided in the oxygen sub-channel 132 , and the guide vane 133 is used to increase the flow rate of oxygen, or oxygen and water vapor in the oxygen sub-channel 132 .
[0064] In this embodiment, the guide vane 133 can be a circle of multiple fin structures, and the angle of the guide vane 133 can be set to 0°~45°. By setting the guide vane 133, the gas flow rate in the oxygen sub-channel 132 can be further increased, so that the gas flow rate can reach high subsonic to sonic speed, thereby achieving more efficient burning of the bed cavity 400.
[0065] The embodiment of the present application also proposes a control method for a burner of a crushed coal slag gasifier, wherein the nozzle of the burner is arranged in the bed layer of the crushed coal slag gasifier, and the burner includes a fire detection channel, a gasification channel and an oxygen combustion gun, such as Figure 4 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:
[0066] Step S101, in response to a start-up instruction for the crushed coal slag gasifier, a combustion ring at the bottom of the furnace of the crushed coal slag gasifier is opened to increase the bed temperature.
[0067] In this embodiment, the start command can be issued by the user through the start button. A combustion ring is provided at the bottom of the furnace of the crushed coal slag gasifier, and the combustion ring can generate flames to heat the bed. The specific structure of the combustion ring is obvious to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.
[0068] Step S102, when the bed temperature reaches the target temperature, turning on the oxygen combustion gun to at least introduce oxygen into the bed.
[0069] In this embodiment, if the bed temperature reaches the target temperature, the oxygen combustion gun is turned on, and oxygen and a second fuel can be introduced into the bed through the oxygen combustion gun. Alternatively, only oxygen, or oxygen and water vapor can be introduced into the bed through the oxygen combustion gun to promote further combustion of the bed and burn out the bed cavity.
[0070] Step S103, turning on the fire detector, so that the fire detector obtains the flame parameters at the nozzle of the burner through the fire detection channel.
[0071] In this embodiment, one end of the fire detection channel is connected to the nozzle of the burner, and the other end is provided with a fire detector. After the fire detection is turned on, the fire detector obtains the flame parameters at the nozzle of the burner through the fire detection channel.
[0072] Step S104, when the flame parameters meet the target conditions, determine that there is a bed cavity at the nozzle of the burner, open the gasification channel to introduce a first fuel and a gasifying agent into the bed, so that the first fuel burns in the bed, wherein the first fuel is a liquid fuel or a solid fuel.
[0073] In this embodiment, the first fuel is a liquid fuel or a solid fuel. If the flame parameters meet the target conditions, it means that the bed at the nozzle of the burner has burned out a bed cavity. At this time, the first fuel and the gasifying agent are introduced into the bed through the gasification channel to make the first fuel burn in the bed. Due to the bed cavity, the first fuel can be fully burned in the bed, which can increase the bed temperature and avoid poor slag discharge.
[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, the flame parameters include brightness and flickering frequency, and the target condition includes that the brightness reaches a target brightness and the flickering frequency reaches a target flickering frequency.
[0075] Step S105, when the flame parameters do not meet the target conditions, it is determined that the bed cavity disappears, the gasification channel is closed to stop the introduction of the first fuel and the gasifying agent into the bed, and the oxygen-fuel gun is opened to re-melt the bed so that the bed cavity is re-generated at the nozzle of the burner.
[0076] In this embodiment, since the crushed coal bed is relatively unstable and prone to collapse, the bed cavity may collapse during the gasification process, causing the cavity to disappear and block the burner port. Therefore, if the flame parameters do not meet the target conditions, indicating that the bed cavity disappears, the gasification channel stops introducing the first fuel and gasifying agent into the bed to prevent the first fuel from blocking the burner nozzle. Continue to introduce oxygen into the bed through the oxygen-burning gun to melt the crushed coal in the bed again. When the flame parameters meet the target conditions again, that is, when the bed cavity is formed again, introduce the first fuel and gasifying agent into the bed through the gasification channel to burn the first fuel in the bed and increase the bed temperature. In this way, by alternately executing step S104 and step S105, the first fuel is ensured to be fully burned in the bed while preventing the fuel from blocking the burner nozzle.
[0077] Optionally, after the gasification channel is opened to introduce the first fuel and the gasifying agent into the bed, the oxygen-combustion gun may be closed or kept in an open state.
[0078] The control method of the burner of the crushed coal slag gasifier in the embodiment of the present application controls the gasification channel according to whether there is a bed cavity, thereby avoiding the fuel from clogging the nozzle of the burner and ensuring the first fuel is fully burned in the bed, thereby achieving efficient heat replenishment in the furnace bed, increasing the bed temperature, avoiding poor slag discharge, and thereby improving the operating reliability of the crushed coal slag gasifier, and increasing the gas production per unit furnace volume and the gasification efficiency.
[0079] The embodiments of the present application also provide a crushed coal slag gasification furnace, including the burner of the crushed coal slag gasification furnace as described in the embodiments of the present application.
[0080] It should be noted that those skilled in the art may set the burners in the embodiment of the present application in different numbers in the crushed coal slag gasification furnace as needed, and the different numbers of burners do not affect the protection scope of the present application.
[0081] In addition, although exemplary embodiments have been described herein, the scope includes any and all embodiments based on the present disclosure with equivalent elements, modifications, omissions, combinations (e.g., various embodiments intersecting schemes), adaptations or changes. The elements in the claims will be interpreted broadly based on the language adopted in the claims, and are not limited to the examples described in this specification or during the implementation of this application, and the examples will be interpreted as non-exclusive. Therefore, this specification and examples are intended to be considered as examples only, and the true scope and spirit are indicated by the following claims and the full scope of their equivalents.
[0082] The above description is intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive. For example, the above examples (or one or more of them) can be used in combination with each other. For example, a person of ordinary skill in the art can use other embodiments when reading the above description. In addition, in the above-mentioned specific embodiments, various features can be grouped together to simplify the present disclosure. This should not be interpreted as an intention that a disclosed feature that is not required to be protected is necessary for any claim. On the contrary, the subject matter of the present disclosure may be less than all the features of a specific disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are incorporated into the specific embodiments as examples or embodiments, wherein each claim is independently used as a separate embodiment, and it is considered that these embodiments can be combined with each other in various combinations or arrangements. The scope of the present disclosure should be determined with reference to the attached claims and the full scope of equivalent forms granted by these claims.
[0083] Multiple embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above, but the present disclosure is not limited to these specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various variations and modifications to the embodiments based on the concepts of the present disclosure, and these variations and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection required by the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A burner for a crushed coal slag gasifier, characterized in that: The nozzle of the burner is arranged in the bed layer of the crushed coal slag gasifier, and the burner comprises: A fire detection channel, one end of which is connected to the nozzle of the burner, and the other end of which is provided with a fire detector, the fire detector being used to detect flame parameters at the nozzle of the burner through the fire detection channel; a gasification channel, for introducing a first fuel and a gasifying agent into the bed layer when the flame parameters meet the target conditions, so that the first fuel burns in the bed layer; and for stopping introducing the first fuel and the gasifying agent into the bed layer when the flame parameters do not meet the target conditions; wherein the first fuel is a liquid fuel or a solid fuel, and when the flame parameters meet the target conditions, a bed cavity exists at the nozzle of the burner; An oxygen-burning lance is used to introduce oxygen into at least the bed.
2. The burner of the crushed coal slag gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The burner also includes: A mixing cavity, the fire detection channel, the gasification channel and the oxygen combustion gun are connected to the nozzle of the burner through the mixing cavity.
3. The burner of the crushed coal slag gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The burner also includes: a first cooling channel, used to cool the gasification channel using a cooling medium; The second cooling channel is used to cool the oxygen combustion gun using a cooling medium.
4. The burner of the crushed coal slag gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gasification channel is nested in the periphery of the fire detection channel, the first cooling channel is nested in the periphery of the gasification channel, the oxygen-combustion gun is nested in the periphery of the first cooling channel, and the second cooling channel is nested in the periphery of the oxygen-combustion gun.
5. The burner of the crushed coal slag gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame parameters include brightness and flickering frequency, and the target condition includes that the brightness reaches a target brightness and the flickering frequency reaches a target flickering frequency.
6. The burner of the crushed coal slag gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification channel comprises: A first fuel sub-channel, for introducing the first fuel into the bed, wherein the first fuel includes at least one of pulverized coal, coke, biomass particles, and water-coal slurry; A gasifying agent sub-channel, used for introducing the gasifying agent into the bed, wherein the gasifying agent includes at least one of pure oxygen and water vapor; Among them, the fuel sub-channel is nested in the periphery of the fire detection channel, and the gasifier sub-channel is nested in the periphery of the fuel sub-channel; or, the gasifier sub-channel is nested in the periphery of the fire detection channel, and the fuel sub-channel is nested in the periphery of the gasifier sub-channel.
7. The burner of the crushed coal slag gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen-combustion gun is also used to introduce a second fuel into the bed layer so that the second fuel burns in the bed layer. The oxygen-combustion gun includes: A second fuel sub-channel, nested in the periphery of the gasification channel, for introducing the second fuel into the bed, wherein the second fuel includes at least one of natural gas, coal gas, biogas, liquefied gas, and chemical synthesis gas; The oxygen sub-channel is nested in the periphery of the second fuel sub-channel and is used for introducing oxygen, or oxygen and water vapor into the bed.
8. The burner of the crushed coal slag gasifier according to claim 7, characterized in that: A guide plate is arranged in the oxygen sub-channel, and the guide plate is used to increase the flow rate of oxygen or oxygen and water vapor in the oxygen sub-channel.
9. A method for controlling a burner of a crushed coal slag gasifier, characterized in that: The nozzle of the burner is arranged in the bed layer of the crushed coal slag gasifier, the burner comprises a fire detection channel, a gasification channel and an oxygen combustion gun, and the method comprises: In response to a start-up instruction for the crushed coal slag gasifier, opening a combustion ring at the bottom of the furnace of the crushed coal slag gasifier to increase the bed temperature; When the bed temperature reaches the target temperature, opening the oxygen lance to at least introduce oxygen into the bed; Turning on the fire detector to enable the fire detector to obtain flame parameters at the nozzle of the burner through the fire detection channel; When the flame parameters meet the target conditions, determining that there is a bed cavity at the nozzle of the burner, opening the gasification channel to introduce a first fuel and a gasifying agent into the bed, and causing the first fuel to burn in the bed, wherein the first fuel is a liquid fuel or a solid fuel; When the flame parameters do not meet the target conditions, it is determined that the bed cavity disappears, the gasification channel is closed to stop the introduction of the first fuel and the gasifying agent into the bed, and the oxygen-fuel gun is opened to re-melt the bed so that the bed cavity is re-generated at the nozzle of the burner.
10. A crushed coal slag gasifier, characterized in that: A burner for a crushed coal slag gasification furnace comprising the burner for a crushed coal slag gasification furnace as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.