Amino low-carbon broad-spectrum fuel oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses amino low-carbon broad-spectrum fuel oil and a preparation method thereof.The fuel oil is mainly prepared from, by mass, 25%-29% of liquid ammonia, 55%-68% of alcohol and 7%-16% of fuel oil, and the preparation method comprises the following steps that under the reaction conditions that the temperature is 400 + / -10 DEG C and the pressure is 2 MPa, the liquid ammonia and the alcohol are mixed in proportion for an amination reaction, and the amination reaction is carried out; and cooling an alcohol amine reaction product generated by the amination reaction to 30-60 DEG C, purifying and separating, and stirring and mixing with the fuel oil to obtain the amino low-carbon fuel oil. The amino low-carbon broad-spectrum fuel oil is high in calorific value and good in combustion performance, and is novel low-carbon amino fuel oil with great development potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of low-carbon energy, and in particular relates to an amino low-carbon broad-spectrum fuel and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of energy demand and the seriousness of environmental pollution, developing clean energy and reducing pollutant emissions have become global challenges. In this context, developing new low-carbon energy has important research significance.

[0003] Ammonia is a low-carbon clean energy with great development potential. However, due to the low combustion rate of ammonia, the high energy required for ignition, and the narrow flammability limit range, it is difficult to ignite and burn directly. Therefore, many scholars use fuels with high combustion rate and low ignition energy such as H2, CH4, CO, etc. to mix with ammonia in a certain proportion. However, the liquefied storage of such gas fuels limits the application of the mixed fuel in engines. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new liquid amino low-carbon fuels to promote the widespread application of amino energy.

[0004] In order to develop low-carbon fuels, some scholars have dissolved ammonia directly in gasoline, but under normal circumstances, the solubility of ammonia in pure liquid gasoline is low. Therefore, the solubility of ammonia in gasoline is currently increased by adding emulsifiers. Studies have shown that a 10% ethanol or methanol gasoline solution can only dissolve 11% NH3, and the solubility of a 30% ethanol or methanol gasoline solution is only 17.35%. Conventional physical dissolution methods cannot further increase the ammonia content without reducing the quality of gasoline to improve the low-carbon properties of the fuel. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new low-carbon amino fuel development technologies to solve the above-mentioned key technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an amino low-carbon broad-spectrum fuel and a preparation method thereof. The fuel has high calorific value and good combustion performance and is a low-carbon amino fuel with great development potential.

[0006] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An amino low-carbon broad-spectrum fuel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fuel raw material is mainly composed of 25% to 29% liquid ammonia, 55% to 68% alcohol, and 7% to 16% fuel in terms of mass percentage;

[0008] The preparation is carried out by the following steps: under the reaction conditions of 400°C and 2MPa, according to the actual application situation, liquid ammonia and alcohol are first mixed in proportion to carry out an amination reaction, the alcohol amine reaction products produced by the amination reaction are cooled to 30-60°C, purified and separated, and then stirred and mixed with fuel to obtain the amino low-carbon fuel.

[0009] Preferably, the fuel is one or more of gasoline, aviation kerosene, and diesel.

[0010] Preferably, the alcohol is one or more alcohol liquids such as methanol and ethanol.

[0011] Preferably, the amination reaction time is about 5 hours.

[0012] Preferably, the stirring and mixing is carried out for more than 20 minutes.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0014] (1) The raw materials of the amino low-carbon fuel of the present invention are cheap and readily available, and the preparation method is simple and convenient;

[0015] (2) The amino low-carbon fuel of the present invention has high calorific value, good combustion performance, low carbon content, low pollutant emissions, and has very high low-carbon properties.

[0016] (3) The broad spectrum mentioned above means that the new fuel can be used in a variety of engines such as gasoline engines, diesel engines, and aircraft engines. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with examples. It should be understood that the following examples are only intended to illustrate and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0018] The principle of the present invention is to utilize the amination reaction of liquid ammonia and alcohol substances to organicize ammonia, and then dissolve the obtained organic amine in gasoline, diesel, aviation kerosene and other fuels to a great extent to form liquid amino low-carbon fuel. The fuel has high calorific value, good combustion performance, low carbon content, low pollutant emissions, and high low-carbon properties. It has great development potential.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 32kg of methanol are first fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the resulting alcoholamine organic mixture is cooled to 60℃ and purified and separated by distillation to obtain 31kg of methanolamine and 18kg of water. 31kg of methanolamine is mixed with 9kg of gasoline to obtain a new type of amino low-carbon gasoline with alcoholamine accounting for 77.5wt% (ammonia accounting for 42.5%, ammonia accounting for 22.5wt%, gasoline accounting for 22.5wt%. This fuel can be used in automobile engines, with a calorific value of about 30,000kJ / kg, and carbon emissions reduced by 42.5% compared with traditional gasoline.

[0021] Example 2

[0022] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 32kg of methanol were fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the alcoholamine organic mixture generated by the reaction was cooled to 60℃, and the product was purified and separated by distillation to obtain 31kg of ethanolamine and 18kg of water. 31kg of methanolamine was mixed and stirred with 9kg of diesel to obtain a new type of amino low-carbon diesel with alcoholamine accounting for 77.5wt% (ammonia accounting for 32.5%) and diesel accounting for 22.5wt%. This diesel can be used in diesel engines, with a calorific value of about 30,000kJ / kg, and carbon emissions reduced by 42.5% compared with traditional diesel.

[0023] Example 3

[0024] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 32kg of methanol were fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the alcoholamine organic mixture generated by the reaction was cooled to 60℃, and the product was purified and separated by distillation to obtain 31kg of methanolamine and 18kg of water. 31kg of methanolamine was mixed and stirred with 9kg of aviation kerosene to obtain a new amino low-carbon aviation kerosene with alcoholamine accounting for 77.5wt% (ammonia accounting for 42.5%) and diesel accounting for 22.5wt%. This kerosene can be used in aviation engines, with a calorific value of about 30,000kJ / kg, and carbon emissions reduced by 42.5% compared with traditional aviation kerosene.

[0025] Example 4

[0026] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 32kg of methanol were fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the alcoholamine organic mixture generated by the reaction was cooled to 60℃, and the product was purified and separated by distillation to obtain 31kg of methanolamine and 18kg of water. 31kg of methanolamine was mixed with 5kg of gasoline to obtain a new type of amino low-carbon gasoline with alcoholamine accounting for 86.1wt% (ammonia accounting for 47.2%) and gasoline accounting for 13.9wt%. This fuel can be used in automobile engines, with a calorific value of about 30,000kJ / kg, and carbon emissions reduced by 47.2% compared with traditional gasoline.

[0027] Example 5

[0028] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 32kg of methanol were fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the alcoholamine organic mixture generated by the reaction was cooled to 60℃, and the product was purified and separated by distillation to obtain 31kg of ethanolamine and 18kg of water. 31kg of methanolamine was mixed with 5kg of diesel to obtain a new type of amino low-carbon diesel with alcoholamine accounting for 86.1wt% (ammonia accounting for 47.2%) and diesel accounting for 13.9wt%. This diesel can be used in diesel engines, with a calorific value of about 30,000kJ / kg, and carbon emissions reduced by 47.2% compared with traditional diesel.

[0029] Example 6

[0030] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 32kg of methanol were fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the alcoholamine organic mixture generated by the reaction was cooled to 60℃, and the product was purified and separated by distillation to obtain 31kg of methanolamine and 18kg of water. 31kg of methanolamine was mixed and stirred with 5kg of aviation kerosene to obtain a new amino low-carbon aviation kerosene with alcoholamine accounting for 86.1wt% (ammonia accounting for 47.2%) and diesel accounting for 13.9wt%. This kerosene can be used in aviation engines, with a calorific value of about 30,000kJ / kg, and carbon emissions reduced by 47.2% compared with traditional aviation kerosene.

[0031] Example 7

[0032] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 46kg of ethanol were fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the alcoholamine organic mixture generated by the reaction was cooled to 60℃, and the product was purified and separated by distillation to obtain 45kg of ethanolamine and 18kg of water. 45kg of ethanolamine was mixed with 9kg of gasoline to obtain a new amino low-carbon gasoline with alcoholamine accounting for 83.3wt% (ammonia accounting for 31.5%) and gasoline accounting for 16.7wt%. This gasoline can be used in automobile engines, with a calorific value of about 20,000J / kg, and carbon emissions reduced by 31.5% compared with traditional gasoline.

[0033] Example 8

[0034] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 46kg of ethanol were fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the alcoholamine organic mixture generated by the reaction was cooled to 60℃, and the product was purified and separated by distillation to obtain 45kg of ethanolamine and 18kg of water. 45kg of ethanolamine was mixed with 9kg of diesel to obtain a new type of amino low-carbon diesel with alcoholamine accounting for 83.3wt% (ammonia accounting for 31.5%) and diesel accounting for 16.7wt%. This diesel can be used in diesel engines, with a calorific value of about 20,000kJ / kg, and carbon emissions are reduced by 31.5% compared with traditional diesel.

[0035] Example 9

[0036] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 46kg of ethanol were fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the alcoholamine organic mixture generated by the reaction was cooled to 60℃, and the product was purified and separated by distillation to obtain 45kg of ethanolamine and 18kg of water. 45kg of ethanolamine was mixed and stirred with 9kg of aviation kerosene to obtain a new amino low-carbon aviation kerosene with alcoholamine accounting for 83.3wt% (ammonia accounting for 31.5%) and diesel accounting for 16.7wt%. This kerosene can be used in aviation engines, with a calorific value of about 20,000kJ / kg, and carbon emissions reduced by 31.5% compared with traditional aviation kerosene.

[0037] Example 10

[0038] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 46kg of ethanol are first fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the resulting alcoholamine organic mixture is cooled to 60℃ and purified and separated by distillation to obtain 45kg of ethanolamine and 18kg of water. 45kg of ethanolamine is mixed with 5kg of gasoline to obtain a new amino low-carbon gasoline with alcoholamine accounting for 90wt% (ammonia accounting for 34%) and gasoline accounting for 10wt%. This gasoline can be used in automobile engines, with a calorific value of about 20,000kJ / kg, and carbon emissions are reduced by 34% compared with traditional gasoline.

[0039] Embodiment 11

[0040] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 46kg of ethanol are first fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the alcoholamine organic mixture generated by the reaction is cooled to 60℃, and the product is purified and separated by distillation to obtain 45kg of ethanolamine and 18kg of water. 45kg of ethanolamine is mixed and stirred with 5kg of diesel to obtain a new type of amino low-carbon diesel with alcoholamine accounting for 90wt% (ammonia accounting for 34%) and diesel accounting for 10wt%. This diesel can be used in diesel engines, with a calorific value of about 20,000kJ / kg, and carbon emissions are reduced by 34% compared with traditional diesel.

[0041] Example 12

[0042] Under the reaction conditions of 400℃ and 2MPa, 17kg of liquid ammonia and 46kg of ethanol were fully mixed and then subjected to amination reaction. Then, the alcoholamine organic mixture generated by the reaction was cooled to 60℃, and the product was purified and separated by distillation to obtain 45kg of ethanolamine and 18kg of water. 45kg of ethanolamine was mixed and stirred with 5kg of aviation kerosene to obtain a new amino low-carbon aviation kerosene with alcoholamine accounting for 90wt% (ammonia accounting for 34%) and diesel accounting for 10wt%. This kerosene can be used in aviation engines, with a calorific value of about 20,000kJ / kg, and carbon emissions reduced by 34% compared with traditional aviation kerosene.

[0043] In summary, the present invention provides a method for preparing a novel amino low-carbon broad-spectrum fuel, which uses amination reaction of liquid ammonia and alcohol substances to organicize ammonia, and the obtained organic amine can be dissolved in gasoline, diesel, aviation kerosene and other fuels to a great extent to form a liquid amino low-carbon broad-spectrum fuel. The fuel has high calorific value, good combustion performance, high ammonia content, low pollutant emissions, high low-carbon properties, and great development potential.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an amino low-carbon broad-spectrum fuel, characterized in that: In terms of mass percentage, the fuel raw material is mainly composed of 25% to 29% liquid ammonia, 55% to 68% alcohol, and 7% to 16% fuel oil; Prepared by the following steps: Under the reaction conditions of 400±10°C and 2MPa, liquid ammonia and alcohol are first mixed in proportion to carry out an amination reaction, and the alcoholamine reaction products produced by the amination reaction are cooled to 30-60°C, purified and separated, and then stirred and mixed with fuel to obtain the amino low-carbon fuel.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The fuel is one or more of gasoline, aviation kerosene, and diesel.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The alcohol is one or more of methanol and ethanol.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The amination reaction time is more than 5 hours.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Stir and mix for more than 20 minutes.

6. An amino low-carbon broad-spectrum fuel prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.