Method for preserving moisture, fertilizer and carbon under artificial eucalyptus forest

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preserving moisture, fertilizer and carbon under an artificial eucalyptus forest. The method comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning litters between October and November; applying the compound fertilizer in January of the next year, turning the soil again, removing weeds, and leveling; (2) after the seeds are treated, ardisia japonica seeds are sown in the eucalyptus forest from February to March of the next year; the ardisia japonica is planted on the sunny slope, and the flemingia macrophylla is planted on the shady slope; (3) topping the ardisia japonica at the early seedling emergence stage from late March to early April, retaining basal leaves, and breaking off pedicels from bases; (4) during the growth period of ardisia japonica, soil loosening and weeding are conducted three times, and compound fertilizer topdressing is conducted two times; (5) watering in drought weather, and cleaning ditches and draining flood in rainy season; (6) ardisia japonica is harvested between October and November; digging out roots, and removing soil, stems, leaves and fibrous roots; and (7) moghania macrophylla. The method has the effects of preserving water and fertilizer and fixing carbon, the rotation period of eucalyptus can be shortened, and the content of coumarin in ardisia japonica is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of forestry and forest management, and specifically relates to a method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon under an artificial eucalyptus forest. Background Art

[0002] Eucalyptus forest planting in my country: Eucalyptus is the fastest growing tree species in the world. During the peak growth season, it can grow 3 cm a day, 1 meter a month, and up to 10 meters a year. The rotation period of eucalyptus plantations in southern provinces of China takes 5-7 years. Eucalyptus has a strong ability to sprout, which is conducive to afforestation and renewal, or to the use of shrubbery for the distillation of essential oils. Eucalyptus is widely introduced and cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.

[0003] Traditional forestry management mostly adopts the method of comprehensive removal of understory plants, which causes atmospheric environment, soil erosion, nutrient leaching loss, and low surface utilization efficiency during the rotation period of eucalyptus. Due to the influence of different factors such as fertilizer variety, fertilizer amount, fertilization method, soil type, soil fertility level, and crop type, the current fertilizer utilization rate is extremely low. However, due to the continuous increase in its use and unreasonable application, problems related to soil quality are becoming increasingly prominent. The current situation of high application amount and low utilization rate of fertilization in forestry has caused a large amount of fertilizer loss on the one hand, and eutrophication of water bodies on the other hand, which brings serious harm to the environment. Soil quality is an important prerequisite for achieving sustainable development of forestry. It is a comprehensive integration of three components: soil fertility quality, soil environmental quality, and soil health quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to provide a method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon under a eucalyptus plantation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in an understory of a eucalyptus plantation, comprising the following steps: (1) Clean up litter between October and November and apply fertilizer to remove weeds in January of the following year; (2) Soak the seeds of Ardisia and Macrophylla in 50℃ warm water for 10-15 minutes, take them out and cool them to room temperature, then rinse them in clean water and separate the upper and lower layers. Soak only one seed in each hole for the lower layer seeds and two seeds in each hole for the upper layer seeds. Soak the selected seeds in clean water for 1-2 hours. After the seeds are processed, sow Ardisia seeds in the eucalyptus forest between February and March of the following year; Ardisia is planted on the sunny slope and Macrophylla on the shady slope. (3) In late March to early April, top the early-stage Ardisia scabra, retain the basal leaves, and break off the flower stems from the base; (4) During the growth period of Ardisia japonica, loosen the soil and weed three times, and apply compound fertilizer twice; (5) Watering in dry weather and clearing ditches and draining water in the rainy season; (6) Harvesting: Harvest Ardisia and Chinese medicinal herbs between October and November; dig out their roots and remove the soil, stems, leaves, and fibrous roots; (7) Large-leafed radish: In late February and early March, deep plowing, soil drying and fine tillage were carried out on the pre-planting plots of large-leafed radish. Ridges were built with a width of 1.5 m, a ridge height of 25 cm and a furrow width of 35 cm. 2000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer were applied per mu as base fertilizer. Topdressing was carried out twice. The first topdressing was in late June, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu; the second topdressing was in mid-August, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu. When the radish was 30 cm high, all the rows of the planting field were closed and no manual weeding was required. The pods were harvested from August to December and collected after the seeds were harvested in the second year.

[0006] Furthermore, the seeds of Ardisia japonica are sown in holes with a depth of 6-8 cm and a sowing rate of 1.2-1.4 kg per mu.

[0007] Furthermore, the compound fertilizer is prepared using the following raw materials in weight percentage: 5-9 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin emulsion, 1-1.5 parts of liquid ammonia; 10-14 parts of urea; 1-3 parts of sulfuric acid; 15-20 parts of diammonium phosphate; 1-5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate; 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate; 18-23 parts of ammonium chloride; 5-10 parts of pumice powder; 20-25 parts of potassium chloride; 2-5 parts of humic acid; 0.1-0.3 parts of attapulgite; 3-7 parts of modified diatomaceous earth; 0.2-0.4 parts of isobutylene diurea; and 0.1-0.3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0008] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises: (1) mixing diatomaceous earth and hydrochloric acid, performing an acidification reaction, filtering and drying to obtain acidified diatomaceous earth; (2) mixing the acidified diatomaceous earth with the sodium hexametaphosphate solution, ultrasonically treating the mixture, allowing the mixture to stand, and centrifuging the mixture to obtain a solid; (3) Calcine the solid at 500-560°C for 8-12 hours and crush it to obtain modified diatomaceous earth.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass fraction concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 2%-2.5%.

[0010] Furthermore, the material-liquid ratio of the diatomaceous earth to hydrochloric acid is 1:(3-4) g / mL.

[0011] Furthermore, the temperature of the acidification treatment is 60-65°C and the time is 1-2h.

[0012] Furthermore, the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 120-140W, and the time is 2-2.5h.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation method of the compound fertilizer is as follows: the raw materials of the compound fertilizer are put into a granulator, and stirred to react at 65° C.-67° C., and then extruded into granules and dried.

[0014] Furthermore, the powder was sieved through an 80-mesh sieve after being crushed.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a method for water conservation, fertilizer retention and carbon fixation under an artificial eucalyptus forest. By planting Ardisia in the eucalyptus forest, the growth of weeds in the eucalyptus forest can be suppressed, and the ability of soil to retain water, fertilizer and carbon is improved, thereby shortening the rotation period of eucalyptus. At the same time, the eucalyptus forest can provide a suitable environment for the growth of Ardisia and Ardisia, and can also provide mild sunlight, thereby improving the quality of Ardisia. At the same time. The compound fertilizer of the present invention has a reasonable and perfect nutritional combination and a slow-release effect, which can meet the nutrient requirements of trees and Ardisia at various growth stages, reduce the loss of fertilizer nutrients in the soil due to leaching and volatilization, improve the fertilizer utilization rate, and protect the ecological environment. The compound fertilizer is applied to the soil and, after encountering water, can self-assemble into a micro-nano network, "net-catch" fertilizer nutrient molecules and fix them around the plant root system, reduce the loss of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and make nutrients available to crops as needed, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling loss, thereby improving the fertilizer utilization rate and fertilizer efficiency. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in an understory of a eucalyptus plantation, comprising the following steps: (1) Clean up litter between October and November; apply compound fertilizer in January of the following year, turn the soil again, remove weeds, and level the land; (2) Soak the seeds of Ardisia and Macrophylla in 50℃ warm water for 12 minutes, take them out and cool them to room temperature, then rinse them in clean water and separate the upper and lower layers. Soak only one seed in each hole for the lower layer seeds and two seeds in each hole for the upper layer seeds. Soak the selected seeds in clean water for 1.5 hours. After the seeds are processed, sow Ardisia seeds in the eucalyptus forest between February and March of the following year; Ardisia is planted on the sunny slope and Macrophylla on the shady slope. (3) In late March to early April, top the early-stage Ardisia scabra, retain the basal leaves, and break off the flower stems from the base; (4) During the growth period of Ardisia japonica, loosen the soil and weed three times, and apply compound fertilizer twice; (5) Watering in dry weather and clearing ditches and draining water in the rainy season; (6) Harvesting: Harvest Ardisia between October and November, dig out its roots, and remove the soil, stems, leaves, and fibrous roots; (7) Large-leafed radish: In late February and early March, deep plowing, soil drying and fine tillage were carried out on the pre-planting plots of large-leafed radish. Ridges were built with a width of 1.5 m, a ridge height of 25 cm and a furrow width of 35 cm. 2000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer were applied per mu as base fertilizer. Topdressing was carried out twice. The first topdressing was in late June, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu; the second topdressing was in mid-August, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu. When the radish was 30 cm high, all the rows of the planting field were closed and no manual weeding was required. The pods were harvested from August to December and collected after the seeds were harvested in the second year.

[0018] Ardisia seeds are sown in holes with a depth of 7cm and a sowing rate of 1.3kg per mu.

[0019] The compound fertilizer is prepared using the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 7 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin emulsion, 1.2 parts of liquid ammonia, 12 parts of urea, 2 parts of sulfuric acid, 17 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 20 parts of ammonium chloride, 8 parts of pumice powder, 22 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of humic acid, 0.2 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of modified diatomaceous earth, 0.3 parts of isobutylene diurea, and 0.2 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0020] The preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises: (1) mixing diatomaceous earth and hydrochloric acid, performing an acidification reaction, filtering and drying to obtain acidified diatomaceous earth; (2) mixing the acidified diatomaceous earth with the sodium hexametaphosphate solution, ultrasonically treating the mixture, allowing the mixture to stand, and centrifuging the mixture to obtain a solid; (3) The solid was calcined at 530°C for 10 h and crushed to obtain modified diatomaceous earth.

[0021] The mass fraction concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 2.2%.

[0022] The solid-liquid ratio of the diatomaceous earth to hydrochloric acid is 1:3.5 g / mL.

[0023] The temperature of the acidification treatment is 63° C. and the time is 1.5 h.

[0024] The power of the ultrasonic treatment was 130 W and the time was 2.2 h.

[0025] After crushing, pass through 80 mesh sieve.

[0026] The preparation method of the compound fertilizer is as follows: the raw materials of the compound fertilizer are put into a granulator, stirred and reacted at 66° C., and then extruded and granulated and dried.

[0027] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in an understory of a eucalyptus plantation, comprising the following steps: (1) Clean up litter between October and November; apply compound fertilizer in January of the following year, turn the soil again, remove weeds, and level the land; (2) Soak the seeds of Ardisia in 50℃ warm water for 10 minutes, take them out and cool them to room temperature, then rinse them in clean water and separate the upper and lower layers. Soak only one seed of the lower layer in each hole and two seeds of the upper layer in each hole. Soak the selected seeds in clean water for 1 hour. After the seeds are processed, sow Ardisia seeds in the eucalyptus forest between February and March of the following year; Ardisia is planted on the sunny slope and Coptidis macrophylla is planted on the shady slope; Chinese medicinal herbs are planted at the same time; (3) In late March to early April, top the early-stage Ardisia scabra, retain the basal leaves, and break off the flower stems from the base; (4) During the growth period of Ardisia japonica, loosen the soil and weed three times, and apply compound fertilizer twice; (5) Watering in dry weather and clearing ditches and draining water in the rainy season; (6) Harvesting: Harvest Ardisia between October and November, dig out its roots, and remove the soil, stems, leaves, and fibrous roots; (7) Large-leafed radish: In late February and early March, deep plowing, soil drying and fine tillage were carried out on the pre-planting plots of large-leafed radish. Ridges were built with a width of 1.5 m, a ridge height of 25 cm and a furrow width of 35 cm. 2000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer were applied per mu as base fertilizer. Topdressing was carried out twice. The first topdressing was in late June, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu; the second topdressing was in mid-August, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu. When the radish was 30 cm high, all the rows of the planting field were closed and no manual weeding was required. The pods were harvested from August to December and collected after the seeds were harvested in the second year.

[0028] Ardisia seeds are sown in holes with a depth of 6cm and a sowing rate of 1.2kg per mu.

[0029] The compound fertilizer is prepared by using the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin emulsion, 1 part of liquid ammonia; 10 parts of urea; 1 part of sulfuric acid; 15 parts of diammonium phosphate; 1 part of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer; 1 part of zinc sulfate; 18 parts of ammonium chloride; 5 parts of pumice powder; 20 parts of potassium chloride; 2 parts of humic acid; 0.1 part of attapulgite; 3 parts of modified diatomaceous earth; 0.2 parts of isobutylene diurea; and 0.1 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0030] The preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises: (1) mixing diatomaceous earth and hydrochloric acid, performing an acidification reaction, filtering and drying to obtain acidified diatomaceous earth; (2) mixing the acidified diatomaceous earth with the sodium hexametaphosphate solution, ultrasonically treating the mixture, allowing the mixture to stand, and centrifuging the mixture to obtain a solid; (3) The solid was calcined at 500°C for 8 hours and crushed to obtain modified diatomaceous earth.

[0031] The mass fraction concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 2%.

[0032] The material-liquid ratio of the diatomaceous earth to the hydrochloric acid is 1:3 g / mL.

[0033] The temperature of the acidification treatment is 60° C. and the time is 1 hour.

[0034] The power of the ultrasonic treatment is 120 W and the time is 2 h.

[0035] After crushing, pass through 80 mesh sieve.

[0036] The preparation method of the compound fertilizer is as follows: the raw materials of the compound fertilizer are put into a granulator, stirred and reacted at 65° C., and then extruded and granulated, and dried.

[0037] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in an understory of a eucalyptus plantation, comprising the following steps: (1) Clean up litter between October and November; apply compound fertilizer in January of the following year, turn the soil again, remove weeds, and level the land; (2) Soak the seeds of Ardisia in 50℃ warm water for 15 minutes, take them out and cool them to room temperature, then rinse them in clean water and separate the upper and lower layers. Soak only one seed of the lower layer in each hole and two seeds of the upper layer in each hole. Soak the selected seeds in clean water for 2 hours. After the seeds are processed, sow Ardisia seeds in the eucalyptus forest between February and March of the following year; Ardisia is planted on the sunny slope, and Coptidis macrophylla is planted on the shady slope. (3) In late March to early April, top the early-stage Ardisia scabra, retain the basal leaves, and break off the flower stems from the base; (4) During the growth period of Ardisia japonica, loosen the soil and weed three times, and apply compound fertilizer twice; (5) Watering in dry weather and clearing ditches and draining water in the rainy season; (6) Harvesting: Harvest Ardisia and Chinese medicinal herbs between October and November; dig out their roots and remove the soil, stems, leaves, and fibrous roots; (7) Large-leafed radish: In late February and early March, deep plowing, soil drying and fine tillage were carried out on the pre-planting plots of large-leafed radish. Ridges were built with a width of 1.5 m, a ridge height of 25 cm and a furrow width of 35 cm. 2000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer were applied per mu as base fertilizer. Topdressing was carried out twice. The first topdressing was in late June, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu; the second topdressing was in mid-August, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu. When the radish was 30 cm high, all the rows of the planting field were closed and no manual weeding was required. The pods were harvested from August to December and collected after the seeds were harvested in the second year.

[0038] Ardisia seeds are sown in holes with a depth of 8cm and a sowing rate of 1.4kg per mu.

[0039] The compound fertilizer is prepared using the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 9 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin emulsion, 1.5 parts of liquid ammonia; 14 parts of urea; 3 parts of sulfuric acid; 20 parts of diammonium phosphate; 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate; 2 parts of zinc sulfate; 23 parts of ammonium chloride; 10 parts of pumice powder; 25 parts of potassium chloride; 5 parts of humic acid; 0.3 parts of attapulgite; 5 parts of modified diatomaceous earth; 0.4 parts of isobutylene diurea; and 0.3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0040] The preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises: (1) mixing diatomaceous earth and hydrochloric acid, performing an acidification reaction, filtering and drying to obtain acidified diatomaceous earth; (2) mixing the acidified diatomaceous earth with the sodium hexametaphosphate solution, ultrasonically treating the mixture, allowing the mixture to stand, and centrifuging the mixture to obtain a solid; (3) The solid was calcined at 560°C for 12 h and crushed to obtain modified diatomaceous earth.

[0041] The mass fraction concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 2.5%.

[0042] The solid-liquid ratio of the diatomaceous earth to hydrochloric acid is 1:4 g / mL.

[0043] The temperature of the acidification treatment is 60-65° C. and the time is 1-2 hours.

[0044] The power of the ultrasonic treatment was 140 W and the time was 2.5 h.

[0045] After crushing, pass through 80 mesh sieve.

[0046] The preparation method of the compound fertilizer is as follows: the raw materials of the compound fertilizer are put into a granulator, stirred and reacted at 67° C., and then extruded and granulated, and dried.

[0047] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and embodiment 1 is that the compound fertilizer is different.

[0048] A method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in an understory of a eucalyptus plantation, comprising the following steps: (1) Clean up litter between October and November; apply compound fertilizer in January of the following year, turn the soil again, remove weeds, and level the land; (2) Soak the seeds of Ardisia japonica in 50℃ warm water for 12 minutes, take them out and cool them to room temperature, then rinse them in clean water and separate the upper and lower layers. Soak only one seed of the lower layer in each hole and two seeds of the upper layer in each hole. Soak the selected seeds in clean water for 1.5 hours. After the seeds are processed, sow Ardisia japonica seeds in the eucalyptus forest between February and March of the following year; Ardisia japonica is planted on the sunny slope and Coptidis macrophylla is planted on the shady slope; Chinese medicinal herbs are planted at the same time; (3) In late March to early April, top the early-stage Ardisia scabra, retain the basal leaves, and break off the flower stems from the base; (4) During the growth period of Ardisia japonica, loosen the soil and weed three times, and apply compound fertilizer twice; (5) Watering in dry weather and clearing ditches and draining water in the rainy season; (6) Harvesting: Harvest Ardisia between October and November; dig out its roots and remove the soil, stems, leaves, and fibrous roots; (7) Large-leafed radish: In late February and early March, deep plowing, soil drying and fine tillage were carried out on the pre-planting plots of large-leafed radish. Ridges were built with a width of 1.5 m, a ridge height of 25 cm and a furrow width of 35 cm. 2000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer were applied per mu as base fertilizer. Topdressing was carried out twice. The first topdressing was in late June, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu; the second topdressing was in mid-August, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu. When the radish was 30 cm high, all the rows of the planting field were closed and no manual weeding was required. The pods were harvested from August to December and collected after the seeds were harvested in the second year.

[0049] Ardisia seeds are sown in holes with a depth of 7cm and a sowing rate of 1.3kg per mu.

[0050] The compound fertilizer is prepared using the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin emulsion, 3.5 parts of liquid ammonia; 8 parts of urea; 0.5 parts of sulfuric acid; 24 parts of diammonium phosphate; 8 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate; 2 parts of zinc sulfate; 15 parts of ammonium chloride; 3 parts of pumice powder; 15 parts of potassium chloride; 8 parts of humic acid; 0.2 parts of attapulgite; 8 parts of modified diatomaceous earth; 0.3 parts of isobutylene diurea; and 0.2 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0051] The preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises: (1) mixing diatomaceous earth and hydrochloric acid, performing an acidification reaction, filtering and drying to obtain acidified diatomaceous earth; (2) mixing the acidified diatomaceous earth with the sodium hexametaphosphate solution, ultrasonically treating the mixture, allowing the mixture to stand, and centrifuging the mixture to obtain a solid; (3) The solid was calcined at 530°C for 10 h and crushed to obtain modified diatomaceous earth.

[0052] The mass fraction concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 2.2%.

[0053] The solid-liquid ratio of the diatomaceous earth to hydrochloric acid is 1:3.5 g / mL.

[0054] The temperature of the acidification treatment is 63° C. and the time is 1.5 h.

[0055] The power of the ultrasonic treatment was 130 W and the time was 2.2 h.

[0056] After crushing, pass through 80 mesh sieve.

[0057] The preparation method of the compound fertilizer is as follows: the raw materials of the compound fertilizer are put into a granulator, stirred and reacted at 66° C., and then extruded and granulated and dried.

[0058] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example 2 and embodiment 1 is that the compound fertilizer is different.

[0059] A method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in an understory of a eucalyptus plantation, comprising the following steps: (1) Clean up litter between October and November; apply compound fertilizer in January of the following year, turn the soil again, remove weeds, and level the land; (2) Soak the seeds of Ardisia in 50℃ warm water for 12 minutes, take them out and cool them to room temperature, then rinse them in clean water and separate the upper and lower layers. Soak only one seed of the lower layer in each hole and two seeds of the upper layer in each hole. Soak the selected seeds in clean water for 1.5 hours. After the seeds are processed, sow Ardisia seeds in the eucalyptus forest between February and March of the following year; Ardisia is planted on the sunny slope, and Coptidis macrophylla is planted on the shady slope. (3) In late March to early April, top the early-stage Ardisia scabra, retain the basal leaves, and break off the flower stems from the base; (4) During the growth period of Ardisia japonica, loosen the soil and weed three times, and apply compound fertilizer twice; (5) Watering in dry weather and clearing ditches and draining water in the rainy season; (6) Harvesting: Harvest Ardisia and Chinese medicinal herbs between October and November; dig out their roots and remove the soil, stems, leaves and fibrous roots.

[0060] Ardisia seeds are sown in holes with a depth of 7cm and a sowing rate of 1.3kg per mu.

[0061] The compound fertilizer is prepared by using the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 2 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin emulsion, 1.2 parts of liquid ammonia, 12 parts of urea, 2 parts of sulfuric acid, 17 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 20 parts of ammonium chloride, 8 parts of pumice powder, 22 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of humic acid, and 11 parts of modified diatomaceous earth. (7) Large-leafed radish: In late February and early March, deep plowing, soil drying and fine tillage were carried out on the pre-planting plots of large-leafed radish. Ridges were built with a width of 1.5 m, a ridge height of 25 cm and a furrow width of 35 cm. 2000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer were applied per mu as base fertilizer. Topdressing was carried out twice. The first topdressing was in late June, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu; the second topdressing was in mid-August, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu. When the radish was 30 cm high, all the rows of the planting field were closed and no manual weeding was required. The pods were harvested from August to December and collected after the seeds were harvested in the second year.

[0062] The preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises: (1) mixing diatomaceous earth and hydrochloric acid, performing an acidification reaction, filtering and drying to obtain acidified diatomaceous earth; (2) mixing the acidified diatomaceous earth with the sodium hexametaphosphate solution, ultrasonically treating the mixture, allowing the mixture to stand, and centrifuging the mixture to obtain a solid; (3) The solid was calcined at 530°C for 10 h and crushed to obtain modified diatomaceous earth.

[0063] The mass fraction concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 2.2%.

[0064] The solid-liquid ratio of the diatomaceous earth to hydrochloric acid is 1:3.5 g / mL.

[0065] The temperature of the acidification treatment is 63° C. and the time is 1.5 h.

[0066] The power of the ultrasonic treatment was 130 W and the time was 2.2 h.

[0067] After crushing, pass through 80 mesh sieve.

[0068] The preparation method of the compound fertilizer is as follows: the raw materials of the compound fertilizer are put into a granulator, stirred and reacted at 66° C., and then extruded and granulated and dried.

[0069] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the compound fertilizer is commercially available and purchased from Jinan Huiteng Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0070] A method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in an understory of a eucalyptus plantation, comprising the following steps: (1) Clean up litter between October and November; apply compound fertilizer in January of the following year, turn the soil again, remove weeds, and level the land; (2) Soak the seeds of Ardisia in 50℃ warm water for 12 minutes, take them out and cool them to room temperature, then rinse them in clean water and separate the upper and lower layers. Soak only one seed of the lower layer in each hole and two seeds of the upper layer in each hole. Soak the selected seeds in clean water for 1.5 hours. After the seeds are processed, sow Ardisia seeds in the eucalyptus forest between February and March of the following year; Ardisia is planted on the sunny slope, and Coptidis macrophylla is planted on the shady slope. (3) In late March to early April, top the early-stage Ardisia scabra, retain the basal leaves, and break off the flower stems from the base; (4) During the growth period of Ardisia japonica, loosen the soil and weed three times, and apply compound fertilizer twice; (5) Watering in dry weather and clearing ditches and draining water in the rainy season; (6) Harvesting: Harvest Ardisia and Chinese medicinal herbs between October and November; dig out their roots and remove the soil, stems, leaves, and fibrous roots; (7) Large-leafed radish: In late February and early March, deep plowing, soil drying and fine tillage were carried out on the pre-planting plots of large-leafed radish. Ridges were built with a width of 1.5 m, a ridge height of 25 cm and a furrow width of 35 cm. 2000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer were applied per mu as base fertilizer. Topdressing was carried out twice. The first topdressing was in late June, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu; the second topdressing was in mid-August, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu. When the radish was 30 cm high, all the rows of the planting field were closed and no manual weeding was required. The pods were harvested from August to December and collected after the seeds were harvested in the second year.

[0071] Ardisia seeds are sown in holes with a depth of 7cm and a sowing rate of 1.3kg per mu.

[0072] Performance Testing The methods of the embodiment and the comparative example were applied in a eucalyptus forest, and the rotation period of the eucalyptus trees was recorded and the coumarin content in Ardisia japonica and the yield of Rhizoma Coptidis were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0073] Table 1 Performance test results

[0074] The results show that the method of the embodiment has good water conservation, fertilizer conservation and nitrogen fixation effects. If the method is changed, the effect decreases to varying degrees.

[0075] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in eucalyptus plantations, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Clean up litter between October and November and remove weeds in January of the following year; (2) Soak the seeds of Ardisia japonica and Echinops chinensis in 50℃ warm water for 10-15 minutes, take them out and cool them to room temperature, then rinse them in clean water and separate the upper and lower layers. When sowing the seeds of the lower layer, only sow one seed in each hole, and sow two seeds in each hole of the upper layer. Soak the selected seeds in clean water for 1-2 hours. After the seeds are processed, sow them in the eucalyptus forest between February and March of the following year; Ardisia japonica is planted on the sunny slope, and Echinops chinensis is planted on the shady slope; (3) In late March to early April, top the early-stage Ardisia scabra, retain the basal leaves, and break off the flower stems from the base; (4) During the growth period of Ardisia japonica, loosen the soil and weed three times, and apply compound fertilizer twice; (5) Watering in dry weather and clearing ditches and draining water in the rainy season; (6) Harvest Ardisia between October and November, dig out its roots, and remove the soil, stems, leaves, and fibrous roots; (7) Large-leafed radish: In late February and early March, deep plowing, soil drying and fine tillage were carried out on the pre-planting plots of large-leafed radish. Ridges were built with a width of 1.5 m, a ridge height of 25 cm and a furrow width of 35 cm. 2000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer were applied per mu as base fertilizer. Topdressing was carried out twice. The first topdressing was in late June, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu; the second topdressing was in mid-August, with 20 kg of compound fertilizer applied per mu. When the radish was 30 cm high, all the rows of the planting field were closed and no manual weeding was required. The pods were harvested from August to December and collected after the seeds were harvested in the second year.

2. The method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in eucalyptus plantations according to claim 1, characterized in that: Ardisia seeds are sown in holes with a depth of 6-8cm and a sowing rate of 1.2-1.4kg per mu.

3. The method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in eucalyptus plantations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound fertilizer is prepared by using the following raw materials in weight percentage: 5-9 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin emulsion, 1-1.5 parts of liquid ammonia; 10-14 parts of urea; 1-3 parts of sulfuric acid; 15-20 parts of diammonium phosphate; 1-5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate; 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate; Ammonium chloride 18-23 parts; 5-10 parts of pumice powder; 20-25 parts of potassium chloride; 2-5 parts of humic acid; 0.1-0.3 parts of attapulgite; 3-7 parts of modified diatomaceous earth; 0.2-0.4 parts of isobutylene diurea; 0.1-0.3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate.

4. The method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in eucalyptus plantations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises: (1) mixing diatomaceous earth and hydrochloric acid, performing an acidification reaction, filtering and drying to obtain acidified diatomaceous earth; (2) mixing the acidified diatomaceous earth with the sodium hexametaphosphate solution, ultrasonically treating the mixture, allowing the mixture to stand, and centrifuging the mixture to obtain a solid; (3) Calcine the solid at 500-560°C for 8-12 hours and crush it to obtain modified diatomaceous earth.

5. The method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in eucalyptus plantations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass fraction concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 2%-2.5%.

6. The method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in eucalyptus plantations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material-liquid ratio of the diatomaceous earth to hydrochloric acid is 1:(3-4) g / mL.

7. The method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in eucalyptus plantations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature of the acidification treatment is 60-65° C. and the time is 1-2 hours.

8. The method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in eucalyptus plantations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power of the ultrasonic treatment is 120-140W, and the time is 2-2.5h.

9. The method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in eucalyptus plantations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: putting the raw materials of the compound fertilizer into a granulator, stirring and reacting at 65° C.-67° C., and then extruding and granulating and drying.

10. The method for retaining water, fertilizer and carbon in eucalyptus plantations according to claim 4, characterized in that: After crushing, pass through 80 mesh sieve.

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