A selective leaching agent and recovery method for metal components in positive electrode materials

A cathode material and metal component technology, which is applied in the field of selective leaching agent and recovery of metal components in waste lithium ion battery cathode materials, can solve the problem of complicated impurity removal process, long recovery process of waste lithium ion battery, and inability of leaching agent. Recycling and other issues, to achieve the effect of good selectivity, selective separation, and cheap raw materials

CN107230811BActive Publication Date: 2019-03-05INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Publication Date
2019-03-05

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Abstract

The invention provides a selective leaching agent and a recycling method for metal components in a positive electrode material. The leaching agent is solution including a reducing agent, ammonium salt and ammonium hydroxide, the reducing agent is a substance with reducibility under an alkaline condition, the concentration of the ammonium hydroxide in the leaching agent is 0-10 mol / L, the concentration of ammonium ions is 0-8 mol / L and the concentration of the reducing agent is 0-2 mol / L. The leaching agent provided by the invention has wide source range, low raw material price, high leaching selectivity and leaching efficiency (90%or more), the purity of the prepared lithium carbonate reaches 99%, the leaching agent is used for recycling Li, Co and Ni in the positive electrode material, the introduction of hetero-ions in the existing acid leaching process is avoided, a process of separation and purification is simplified, the leaching agent can be recycled, the processing cost is reduced, and the leaching agent is suitable for industrial mass production.
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Description

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of recycling of secondary resources and circular economy, and relates to a selective leaching agent and recovery method for metal components in positive electrode materials, in particular to a selective leaching of metal components in positive electrode materials for waste lithium-ion batteries agents and recovery methods. Background technique

[0002] With the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries in portable electronic products such as mobile phones, notebooks and digital cameras, the demand for lithium-ion batteries continues to increase, and its output is also increasing year by year. Taking China as an example, the output of lithium-ion batteries in 2010 There are 2.686 billion, and from January to October 2015, a total of 4.375 billion lithium-ion batteries were produced nationwide. According to estimates based on industrial demand and growth, the market value of lithium-ion batteries will g...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0065] A selective leaching agent for positive electrode materials, the leaching agent is a solution containing ammonia, ammonium sulfate and sodium sulfite, wherein C (NH 3 )=4mol / L, C(NH 4 + )=4mol / L, the concentration of sodium sulfite is 1mol / L.

[0066] A method for selective leaching and recovery of metal components in waste lithium ion batteries, comprising the steps of:

[0067] (1) The waste lithium-ion battery is directly crushed and sieved, and after removing copper, the powder is obtained, and its metal composition is as shown in Table 1:

[0068] Metal composition of table 1 electrode powder

[0069] Metal

Al

Fe

Li

Ni

co

mn

content(%)

3.33

9.10

3.10

12.53

12.67

6.70

[0070] Take 5g of electrode powder and add it to a three-necked flask containing 100mL of a mixed solution of ammonia, ammonium sulfate and sodium sulfite. The concentration of sodium sulfite was 1 mol / L. The three-neck flask was pla...

Embodiment 2

[0078] A selective leaching agent for positive electrode materials, the leaching agent is a solution containing ammonia, ammonium sulfate and sodium bisulfite, wherein C (NH 3 )=4mol / L, C(NH 4 + )=2mol / L, the concentration of sodium sulfite is 0.1mol / L.

[0079] A method for selective leaching and recovery of metal components in waste lithium ion batteries, comprising the steps of:

[0080] (1) Mechanically crush waste lithium-ion batteries, heat-treat at 400-800°C for 30-300 minutes, and sieve to remove metal Cu to obtain black electrode powder, whose metal composition is shown in Table 2;

[0081] Metal composition of table 2 electrode powder

[0082] Metal

Al

Fe

Li

Ni

co

mn

content(%)

4.25

8.15

3.26

11.53

12.67

10.70

[0083] Take 1g of electrode powder and add it to a three-necked flask containing 100mL of a mixed solution of ammonia, ammonium sulfate and sodium bisulfite. The concentration of sodium bisul...

Embodiment 3

[0090] A selective leaching agent for positive electrode materials, the leaching agent is a solution containing ammonia and ammonium sulfate, wherein C (NH 3 )=6mol / L, C(NH 4 + )=2mol / L.

[0091] A method for selective leaching and recovery of metal components in waste lithium ion batteries, comprising the steps of:

[0092] (1) Heat-treat waste lithium-ion batteries at 400-600°C for 30-300 minutes, crush and sieve to obtain electrode powder, and its metal composition is shown in Table 3:

[0093] Metal composition of table 3 electrode powder

[0094] Metal

Al

Fe

Li

Ni

co

mn

content(%)

5.22

5.31

3.16

13.53

11.67

8.70

[0095] Take 0.5g of electrode powder and add it into a three-necked flask containing 100mL of a mixed solution of ammonia and ammonium sulfate. The mixed solution does not contain a reducing agent, and the three-neck flask is placed in a constant temperature oil bath, the reaction temperature is...