Well-cellar type planting machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pit-type planting machine, comprising: a frame, a pit digging device arranged at the head end of the frame, a soil covering device installed in the middle of the frame, a planting device located at the end of the frame, and a transmission device fixedly installed on one side of the frame; wherein the soil covering device comprises a right soil covering shovel and a left soil covering shovel; the planting device is mainly composed of a planting connecting rod, a front duckbill and a rear duckbill connected to the planting connecting rod, and a hanging cup is arranged above the planting device; the front and rear spacing between the pit digging device and the planting device is one plant spacing, the soil covering device is located in the middle of the pit digging device and the planting device, and the front and rear spacing between the pit digging device and the soil covering device is half a plant spacing. The present invention not only effectively reduces the front and rear length of the planting machine and reduces the turning radius of the field, but also improves the land utilization rate and reduces the planting production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and more particularly to a pit-type planting machine. Background Art

[0002] The development of agriculture is directly related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and is the foundation of social stability. With the continuous development of modern planting technology, people's demand for planting machinery is increasing. At present, planting machines are divided into chain clamp type, seedling guide tube type, hanging cup duckbill type, etc. according to the structure of the planter. Chain clamp type and seedling guide tube type planters need to dig trenches before transplanting, and are only suitable for planting under film. Hanging cup type planters use duckbill to enter the soil for planting, which can adapt to planting on and under the film, and are therefore widely used.

[0003] After planting in the northern dry land, holes must be made in the film at the seedlings to prevent the film from contacting the seedlings' growth points. The temperature under the film is too high after sunrise, which burns the seedlings' growth points. However, the holes in the film will affect the insulation of the film, which is not conducive to the rapid growth of the seedlings' roots. Therefore, farmers are more inclined to adopt the well-cellar planting mode. Well-cellar planting mainly adopts manual planting. Before planting, a large pit is dug on the ridge, and then water is poured into the pit and the seedlings are planted in the pit. The top of the seedling is lower than the soil around the pit, forming a well-cellar. Since the top of the seedling is lower than the film when laying the film, there is no need to make holes in the film. The well-cellar is equivalent to a miniature greenhouse. The temperature in the well-cellar is relatively high, which is conducive to the rapid rooting and development of the seedlings after planting. At present, all existing planting machines cannot carry out well-cellar planting, but manual well-cellar planting has high production costs and low operating efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a pit-type planting machine with high operating efficiency has become a problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a pit-type planting machine, which effectively reduces the front and rear length of the planting machine, plays a positive role in reducing the turning radius of the field, improving land utilization, and reducing planting production costs.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A pit-type planting machine comprises: a frame, a pit digging device arranged at the front end of the frame, a soil covering device installed in the middle of the frame, a planting device located at the end of the frame, and a transmission device fixedly installed on one side of the frame; wherein the soil covering device comprises a right soil covering shovel and a left soil covering shovel; the planting device is mainly composed of a planting connecting rod, a front duckbill and a rear duckbill connected to the planting connecting rod, and a hanging cup is arranged above the planting device; the front-to-back spacing between the pit digging device and the planting device is one plant spacing, the soil covering device is located in the middle of the pit digging device and the planting device, and the front-to-back spacing between the pit digging device and the soil covering device is half a plant spacing.

[0008] Furthermore, a seedling cup guide rail is arranged on the top of the frame, and a seedling cup is arranged on the top of the seedling cup guide rail.

[0009] Furthermore, a seedling throwing window is provided at the bottom of the seedling cup guide rail, and a movable bottom plate is installed on the seedling throwing window.

[0010] Furthermore, the hanging cup is located below the seedling cup guide rail and inserted into the top of the planting device.

[0011] Furthermore, the planting device also includes: a partition plate arranged on the planting connecting rod and a water retaining plate located between the front duckbill and the rear duckbill.

[0012] Furthermore, the digging device includes a digging shovel, a rocker with one end connected to the digging shovel and the other end movably connected to the frame, and a driving connecting rod with one end connected to the rocker and the other end connected to the transmission device.

[0013] Furthermore, a cross-axis connecting rod is installed on the rocker, one end of the cross-axis connecting rod is connected to the rocker, and the other end is connected to the soil-sealing shovel swing arm, and the right soil-sealing shovel and the left soil-sealing shovel are both adjustable up and down relative to the soil-sealing shovel swing arm.

[0014] Furthermore, a sprocket wheel one is installed on one side of the transmission device, the sprocket wheel one is connected to a sprocket wheel two through a chain, and the sprocket wheel two is connected to a seedling planting driving wheel through a rotating shaft, and the seedling planting driving wheel is meshingly connected to a seedling planting driven wheel.

[0015] Furthermore, a linkage shaft is inserted through the center position of the seedling casting driven wheel, and the seedling casting driven wheel is connected to the transmission wheel 1 above the seedling cup guide rail through the linkage shaft. A transmission wheel 2 is arranged above the seedling cup guide rail and at one end away from the transmission wheel 1. The transmission wheel 1 is connected to the transmission wheel 2 by a chain, and the seedling cup is fixed on the chain.

[0016] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a pit-type planting machine, which has the following beneficial effects: the present invention solves the problems of low efficiency and large labor demand in manual pit-type planting operations, thereby reducing the planting production cost; through the reasonable arrangement of the pit digging device, the soil covering device, the planting device and the transmission device, it has the characteristics of simple structure and small size, which helps to reduce the turning radius of the field and improve the land utilization rate; the planting device can both realize the planting of seedlings and water the seedlings, thereby reducing the overall size of the planting machine, and the start time of watering is later than the time when the duck's mouth opens to spit out the seedlings, thereby ensuring that the seedlings do not float during watering; the soil covering device is mainly composed of left and right soil covering shovels, and the left and right soil covering shovels can be adjusted up and down relative to the frame, which can not only completely retain the soil pile between the two pits to better support the film to protect the seedlings, but also facilitate the adjustment of the soil covering amount of the soil covering device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a front view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 The accompanying drawing is a side view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 The accompanying drawing is a rear view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 The accompanying drawing is a top view of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the planting device of the present invention.

[0023] Among them, in the figure,

[0024] 1-frame; 2-digging device; 3-soil covering device; 4-planting device; 5-transmission device; 6-right soil covering shovel; 7-left soil covering shovel; 8-planting connecting rod; 9-front duckbill; 10-rear pressure mouth; 11-hanging cup; 12-seedling cup guide rail; 13-seedling cup; 14-partition; 15-water retaining plate; 16-digging shovel; 17-rocker; 18-driving connecting rod; 19-cross-axis connecting rod; 20-soil covering shovel swing arm; 21-sprocket one; 22-sprocket two; 23-seedling driving wheel; 24-seedling driven wheel; 25-linkage shaft; 26-transmission wheel one; 27-transmission wheel two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a pit-type planting machine, which not only reduces the planting production cost, but also has a simple structure and a small size, which helps to reduce the turning radius of the field and improve the land utilization rate. In addition, the planting device can not only plant the seedlings, but also water the seedlings, reducing the overall volume of the planting machine. The covering device can completely retain the soil pile between the two pits to better support the film to protect the seedlings, and it is convenient to adjust the covering amount of the covering device.

[0027] Please see attached Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a pit-type planting machine, comprising: a pit-type planting machine, comprising: a frame 1, a digging device 2 arranged at the head end of the frame 1, a soil covering device 3 installed in the middle position of the frame 1, a planting device 4 located at the end of the frame 1, and a transmission device 5 fixedly installed on one side of the frame 1.

[0028] Through the reasonable arrangement of the digging device 2, the soil covering device 3, the planting device 4 and the transmission device 5, the device has the characteristics of simple structure and small volume, which helps to reduce the turning radius of the field and improve the land utilization rate.

[0029] The frame 1 is hung on the power machine in a three-point suspension mode. The power output by the power machine drives the transmission device 5 through the universal transmission shaft. After the transmission device 5 changes speed, the power is reasonably distributed to the digging device 2, the covering device 3, and the planting device 4.

[0030] Among them, the digging device 2 includes a digging shovel 16, a rocker 17 with one end connected to the digging shovel 16 and the other end movably connected to the frame 1, and a driving connecting rod 18 with one end connected to the rocker 17 and the other end connected to the transmission device 5. The digging shovel 16 is rectangular in shape, and the lower end is set to a chamfered shape to reduce digging resistance. The digging shovel 16 adopts an up and down movement type, and it always remains perpendicular to the ground plane when moving up and down. Combined with the uniform traction movement of the power machinery, the synthetic motion trajectory of the digging shovel 16 is approximately a sine curve, and the excavated soil is piled between the two pits to form a bow-shaped mound supporting the film.

[0031] The soil covering device 3 is arranged after the pit digging device 2, and includes a right soil covering shovel 6 and a left soil covering shovel 7. The right soil covering shovel 6 and the left soil covering shovel 7 are respectively swung back and forth synchronously around the swing shaft on the frame 1. At the same time, the power machinery pulls the frame 1 forward. The movement trajectory of each soil covering shovel on the ground is approximately a sine curve, and the soil pile between the two pits is completely retained to better support the film to protect the seedlings. In addition, a cross-axis connecting rod 19 is installed on the rocker 17. One end of the cross-axis connecting rod 19 is connected to the rocker 17, and the other end is connected to the soil covering shovel swing arm 20. The right soil covering shovel 6 and the left soil covering shovel 7 are set to a structure that can be adjusted up and down relative to the soil covering shovel swing arm 20, so as to adjust the soil covering amount of the soil covering device 3.

[0032] The planting device 4 is mainly composed of a planting connecting rod 8, a front duckbill 9 and a rear duckbill 10 connected to the planting connecting rod 8, a partition 14 arranged on the planting connecting rod 8, and a water retaining plate 15 located between the front duckbill 9 and the rear duckbill 10; a seedling cup guide rail 12 is arranged on the top of the frame 1, a seedling cup 13 is arranged on the top of the seedling cup guide rail 12, a seedling throwing window is opened at the bottom of the seedling cup guide rail 12, and a movable bottom plate is installed on the seedling throwing window; a hanging cup 11 is arranged above the planting device 4, the hanging cup 11 is located below the seedling cup guide rail 12, and is inserted into the top of the planting device 4. The front duckbill 9 and the rear duckbill 10 move with the planting link 8. The planting link 8 is divided into two parts, front and rear, by the partition 14. The front part is a waterway and the rear part is a seedling channel. The planting link 8 is driven by the transmission device 5 to perform uniform circular motion. The duckbill is always perpendicular to the ground during movement. The movement trajectory of the duckbill is a cycloid to ensure that the front duckbill 9 and the rear duckbill 10 basically do not move relative to the ground from burying to unburying, thereby meeting the verticality requirement of planting. The space formed between the front duckbill 9 and the rear duckbill 10 is the same as the planting link 8, and is also divided into two parts, front and rear, by the water retaining plate 15. The front duckbill 9 and the water retaining plate 15 form a waterway, and the rear duckbill 10 and the water retaining plate 15 form a seedling channel. The water retaining plate 15 and the front duckbill 11 are made into one piece.

[0033] A sprocket 21 is installed on one side of the transmission device 5, and the sprocket 21 is connected to the sprocket 22 through a chain, and the sprocket 22 is connected to the seedling driving wheel 23 through a rotating shaft, and the seedling driving wheel 23 is meshed with the seedling driven wheel 24; a linkage shaft 25 is inserted through the center position of the seedling driven wheel 24, and the seedling driven wheel 24 is connected to the transmission wheel 26 above the seedling cup guide rail 8 through the linkage shaft 25, and a transmission wheel 27 is arranged above the seedling cup guide rail 12 and away from the end of the transmission wheel 26, and the transmission wheel 26 is connected to the transmission wheel 27 through a chain, and the seedling cup 13 is fixed on the chain. During operation, the seedlings are manually put into the seedling cup 13. When the transmission device 5 drives the seedling cup 13 to rotate with the chain to the seedling casting window, the bottom cover of the seedling cup 13 is opened, and the hanging cup 11 on the upper part of the duckbill is just rotated to the bottom of the seedling casting window. The seedlings dropped from the seedling cup 13 enter the hanging cup 11 under the action of their own weight, and then enter the bottom of the duckbill through the planting connecting rod 8 and the seedling casting channel on the duckbill. Water enters the well cellar through the planting connecting rod 8 and the watering channel on the duckbill. A watering valve is also provided on the planting device 4. The watering control device is responsible for controlling the timing of the watering valve opening and closing. The time of watering needs to be slightly later than the time of opening the duckbill to spit out the seedlings, to ensure that the floating seedlings do not occur during watering.

[0034] The front-to-back spacing between the digging device 2 and the planting device 4 is one spacing, and the covering device 3 is located in the middle of the digging device 2 and the planting device 4. The front-to-back spacing between the digging device 2 and the covering device 3 is half a spacing. When the power machinery pulls the planting machine to perform field operations, the power output from the power output shaft drives the transmission device 5 of the planting machine through the universal transmission shaft. After the transmission device 5 changes speed and torque, the power is reasonably distributed to various parts of the planting machine. The transmission device 5 ensures that when the power machinery moves one spacing, the digging shovel 16 digs a hole once, and the planting device 4 completes a transplanting synchronously. Since the front-to-back spacing between the digging shovel 16 and the planting device 4 is one spacing, the duckbill is inserted into the center of the well cellar every time. The soil covering device 3 is located behind the digging shovel 16 and before the planting device 4. When the digging shovel 16 and the duckbill are at the highest position from the ground, the right soil covering shovel 6 and the left soil covering shovel 7 push part of the soil on both sides of the well cellar into the well cellar to complete the soil covering. Then the duckbill is inserted into the well cellar covered with soil for planting and watering. During planting, the planter digs, covers, plants and waters from front to back in sequence. Each planting cycle includes four processes of digging, covering, planting and watering, which are repeated in a cycle. A suitable transmission ratio of the transmission device 5 is set to ensure that the planter completes a working cycle for each displacement of the power machinery. The purpose of adjusting the plant spacing can be achieved by changing the transmission ratio of the transmission device 5.

[0035] The present invention solves the problems of low efficiency and large labor demand in artificial well-pit planting, and reduces the planting production cost. In addition, the planting device can not only plant the seedlings, but also water the seedlings, and reduces the overall volume of the planting machine.

[0036] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A pit-type planting machine, characterized in that: include: A frame, a digging device arranged at the front end of the frame, a soil covering device installed in the middle of the frame, a planting device located at the end of the frame, and a transmission device fixedly installed on one side of the frame; wherein the soil covering device includes a right soil covering shovel and a left soil covering shovel; the planting device is mainly composed of a planting connecting rod, a front duckbill and a rear duckbill connected to the planting connecting rod, and a hanging cup is arranged above the planting device; a seedling cup guide rail is arranged at the top of the frame, and a seedling cup is arranged at the top of the seedling cup guide rail; The front-to-back distance between the digging device and the planting device is one plant spacing, the soil covering device is located between the digging device and the planting device, and the front-to-back distance between the digging device and the soil covering device is half a plant spacing; The digging device comprises a digging shovel, a rocker connected to the digging shovel at one end and movably connected to the frame at the other end, and a driving connecting rod connected to the rocker at one end and connected to the transmission device at the other end; the digging shovel is rectangular in shape, and the lower end is set to a chamfered shape. The digging shovel adopts an up-and-down movement type, and it always keeps perpendicular to the ground plane when moving up and down. The synthetic movement trajectory of the digging shovel is approximately a sine curve, and the excavated soil is piled between the two pits to form an arched soil pile supporting the film; A cross-axis connecting rod is installed on the rocker, one end of the cross-axis connecting rod is connected to the rocker, and the other end is connected to the soil-sealing shovel swing arm, and the right soil-sealing shovel and the left soil-sealing shovel are both adjustable up and down relative to the soil-sealing shovel swing arm; the right soil-sealing shovel and the left soil-sealing shovel respectively swing back and forth synchronously around the swing axis of the frame, and the synthetic motion trajectory of each soil-sealing shovel on the ground is approximately a sine curve; A sprocket wheel 1 is installed on one side of the transmission device, the sprocket wheel 1 is connected to a sprocket wheel 2 through a chain, and the sprocket wheel 2 is connected to a seedling throwing driving wheel through a rotating shaft, and the seedling throwing driving wheel is meshingly connected to a seedling throwing driven wheel; A linkage shaft is inserted through the center position of the seedling casting driven wheel, and the seedling casting driven wheel is connected to the transmission wheel 1 above the seedling cup guide rail through the linkage shaft. A transmission wheel 2 is arranged above the seedling cup guide rail and at one end away from the transmission wheel 1. The transmission wheel 1 is connected to the transmission wheel 2 by a chain, and the seedling cup is fixed on the chain.

2. A pit-type planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A seedling throwing window is provided at the bottom of the seedling cup guide rail, and a movable bottom plate is installed on the seedling throwing window.

3. A pit-type planting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hanging cup is located below the seedling cup guide rail and is inserted into the top of the planting device.

4. The pit-type planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting device further comprises: a partition plate arranged on the planting connecting rod and a water retaining plate located between the front duckbill and the rear duckbill.

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