A method for lengthening a beam in the air, a beam and a crane

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for lengthening a beam in the air, a beam, and a crane, wherein the method for lengthening a beam in the air comprises the following steps: S1, cutting the beam, cutting the beam along the cutting line into a beam front section and a cantilever section; S2, forming a lengthened cantilever section, welding the lengthened section and the cantilever section into a lengthened cantilever section; S3, installing the lengthened cantilever section, installing the lengthened cantilever section on the beam front section to form a lengthened beam; S4, installing the lengthened beam, replacing the front row of tie rods of the beam, and installing the lengthened beam on a crane. The present invention also discloses a beam and a crane, wherein the beam is the lengthened beam formed by the above method, and the crane is a crane including the lengthened beam. The method for lengthening a beam in the air, the beam, and the crane of the present invention do not need to use a large crawler crane or disassemble the beam, wire rope, etc. during the lengthening process of the beam, thereby solving the problems of high transformation cost, long time consumption, and large site occupation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a crane beam lengthening technology, in particular to a beam aerial lengthening method, a beam and a crane. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the continuous emergence of large container ships, the outreach of in-service shore container cranes can no longer meet the loading and unloading needs of ships, and the front beam of the crane needs to be lengthened; when the beam needs to be lengthened a lot, it is also necessary to add an extended beam section in the middle of the front tie rods and the middle tie rods to reduce the cantilever length of the front beam and ensure structural strength. At present, when the extended section of the beam is installed between the front and rear rows of tie rods of the front beam, a crane is usually used to lift the beam to the ground for lengthening, or the crane is towed back from the front of the wharf to the backyard, and then a large-tonnage truck crane or crawler crane is used to dismantle the front beam to the ground, and the front beam is cut and lengthened on the ground. After the lengthening is completed, the front beam is installed back on the crane by a crane, and the crane is towed back to the front of the wharf and installed on the crane track; the above-mentioned beam lengthening process is simple, safe and reliable, but there are some problems in the installation process: 1. The cost is high. The total weight of the front beam is about 170t or more, and it is located at a height of more than 40m. If it is hoisted to the ground, it is very difficult and requires a super-large crawler crane for operation. 1. Crane resources are very tight. In foreign markets, especially in the Middle East, Africa, South America and other places, it is basically difficult to find them. Even if they are found, the rental cost is very high. In addition, according to this process flow, it takes two hoisting operations to dismantle the old front beam and install the modified front beam, and the cost is doubled; 2. It occupies a large area. The front beam is generally 60 to 70 meters long. Hoisting it to the ground for construction will affect the normal operation of the terminal where the site resources are originally tight; 3. The workload is large. Before disassembling the beam, the beam hinge, front pull rod, and middle pull rod need to be removed, and then hoisted to the ground, and the pitch wire rope is removed; after the beam is lengthened, the above work needs to be repeated, resulting in a longer work cycle and a larger workload.

[0003] In view of the above situation, it is urgent to develop a new crane beam and its lengthening method, which does not require the use of a large crawler crane and the disassembly of the beam, wire rope, etc. during installation, thereby solving the problems of high modification costs, long time consumption and large site occupation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for lengthening a beam in the air, a beam and a crane. During the beam lengthening process, there is no need to use a large crawler crane and disassemble the beam, wire rope, etc., thereby solving the problems of high modification costs, long time consumption and large site occupation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] According to the present invention, a method for lengthening a beam in the air is provided, comprising the following steps: S1, cutting the beam, cutting the beam along a cutting line to form a beam front section and a cantilever section; S2, lengthening the cantilever section, welding the lengthened section and the cantilever section to form a lengthened cantilever section; S3, installing the lengthened cantilever section, installing the lengthened cantilever section on the beam front section to form a lengthened beam; S4, installing the lengthened beam, replacing the front pull rods, and installing the lengthened beam on a crane.

[0007] Preferably, in step S2, the extended section is a box body composed of an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate, an inner web plate and an outer web plate; the upper flange plate is welded to the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the lower flange plate is welded to the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the upper flange plate is arranged in parallel with the lower flange plate; the inner web plate is a bent plate; a T-shaped rail beam is provided on the outer side of the inner web plate; a front pull rod ear plate is provided on the side above the inner web plate; an axial hole is provided on the front pull rod ear plate; a triangular rib plate is provided between the front pull rod ear plate and the upper flange plate; a plurality of transverse partitions are provided in the box body, the transverse partitions are perpendicular to the upper flange plate / lower flange plate, and the transverse partitions are provided with long holes; a plurality of longitudinal ribs are provided in the box body, and the longitudinal ribs are used to enhance the stability of the box body.

[0008] Preferably, a first connecting ear plate is provided on the land side of the front pull rod ear plate; a second connecting ear plate is provided above the outer web plate, and the second connecting ear plate corresponds to the first connecting ear plate; axial holes are provided on the first connecting ear plate and the second connecting ear plate; a top seat is symmetrically provided on one side of the bottom of the lower flange plate, and the top seat corresponds to the first connecting ear plate / the second connecting ear plate; a small partition is provided in the box body, and a rib plate is provided on the small partition, and the rib plate is aligned with the top seat.

[0009] Preferably, when the extension section is welded to the cantilever section, the front tie rod ear plate is away from the cantilever section.

[0010] Preferably, step S30 is provided before step S3, in which a support is installed at the cutting line of the front section of the beam; the support comprises an upper wing support and a lower wing support; the upper wing support is provided with a support ear plate, the support ear plate is provided with an axial hole, the support ear plate corresponds to the first connecting small ear plate / the second connecting small ear plate, and the lower wing support corresponds to the top seat.

[0011] Preferably, step S3 includes the following steps: S31, initial fixation, hoisting the extended cantilever section to the cutting line of the front section of the beam; fixing the support ear plate of the front section of the beam and the connecting ear plate of the extended cantilever section by pins / bolts, connecting the lower wing support of the front section of the beam and the top seat of the extended cantilever section, and completing the initial fixation of the front section of the beam and the extended cantilever section; S32, welding, welding the front section of the beam and the extended cantilever section to form an extended beam; S33, post-weld processing, performing non-destructive testing on the welded extended beam, and removing the first connecting ear plate, the second connecting ear plate, the top seat and the support on the extended beam.

[0012] Preferably, step S4 includes the following steps: S41, lifting the extended beam by the pitch system of the crane, anchoring it by using the anchoring device, and removing the connecting plate of the front tie rod / middle tie rod; S42, laying the extended beam flat, replacing the front tie rod to form a new front tie rod; fixing the new front tie rod to the front tie rod ear plate of the extended beam; S43, lifting the extended beam again, anchoring it by using the anchoring device, and installing the connecting plate on the new front tie rod / middle tie rod.

[0013] According to a beam provided by the present invention, the beam is an extended beam formed by the above-mentioned beam aerial lengthening method.

[0014] Preferably, the extended beam includes a beam front section and an extended cantilever section; the beam front section is welded to the extended cantilever section; the extended cantilever section includes an extended section and a cantilever section; the extended section is welded to the cantilever section; the extended section is a box body composed of an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate, an inner web plate and an outer web plate; the upper flange plate is welded to the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the lower flange plate is welded to the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the upper flange plate is parallel to the lower flange plate; the inner web plate is bent Plate; a T-shaped rail beam is provided on the outer side of the inner web; a front tie rod ear plate is provided on the upper side of the inner web away from the cantilever section; an axial hole is provided on the front tie rod ear plate; a triangular rib plate is provided between the front tie rod ear plate and the upper flange plate; a plurality of transverse partitions are provided in the box body, the transverse partitions are perpendicular to the upper flange plate / lower flange plate / inner web plate / outer web plate, and long holes are provided on the transverse partitions; a plurality of longitudinal ribs are provided in the box body; a small partition is provided in the box body, and a rib plate is provided on the small partition.

[0015] A crane provided according to the present invention comprises the beam provided above.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The method for lengthening the beam in the air of the present invention improves the process flow and does not require the use of a large crawler crane, so that projects that originally did not have the conditions for transformation can be implemented, while saving the cost of renting a large crawler crane and solving the problem of high transformation costs;

[0018] 2. The method for lengthening the beam in the air of the present invention does not require disassembly of the beam, beam hinge, middle row tie rods, pitch wire ropes, etc. during the beam lengthening process, which reduces the workload, saves modification time, and improves work efficiency;

[0019] 3. The method for lengthening the beam in the air of the present invention does not require additional dedicated wharf resources during the lengthening process of the beam, and has little impact on the normal operation of the wharf;

[0020] 4. The extended section of the beam of the present invention increases the strength of the extended section by arranging longitudinal ribs on the inner web, outer web and lower flange plate of the extended section and arranging a transverse partition inside the box of the extended section, and ensures the strength structure of the beam by welding the front section of the beam / the cantilever section of the beam and the extended section;

[0021] 5. The beam and crane of the present invention increase the forward reach of the crane by assembling an extension section between the front tie rods of the front beam of the crane (specifically, the connection points between the front tie rods of the front beam of the crane and the beam) and the cantilever section. While ensuring the structural strength of the front beam, it can also meet the requirements of loading and unloading of large container ships. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for lengthening a beam in mid-air of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a crane and a beam in the prior art (before lengthening);

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crane and beam of the present invention (after lengthening);

[0026] Figure 4 It is a front view of the extended section of the present invention (without the front pull rod ear plate);

[0027] Figure 5 It is a front view of the extended section of the present invention (with a front pull rod ear plate);

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the extended section of the present invention in the direction of B;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extended cantilever section of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the support at the cutting line of the front section of the beam of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A-direction schematic diagram;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the extended beam of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of raising the extended beam in step S4 of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of laying down the extended beam in step S4 of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram after the front row tie rod is replaced in step S4 of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.14 This is a structural schematic diagram of the completion of installation of the extended beam in step S4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form.

[0038] Example

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for lengthening a beam in mid-air provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0040] S1, cutting the beam 100, cutting the beam 100 along the cutting line L into a beam front section 101 and a cantilever section 102 (see Figure 2 );

[0041] A small-tonnage truck crane or other crane is used to cut the crane beam 100 along the cutting line L into a beam front section 101 and a cantilever section 102 , and the cantilever section 102 is placed on the ground.

[0042] S2, forming an extended cantilever section 104, welding the extended section 103 and the cantilever section 102 to form the extended cantilever section 104 (see Figure 7 );

[0043] The extension section 103 is welded to the cantilever section 102 on the ground to form an extension cantilever section 104 (see Figure 7 ), and perform non-destructive testing on the extended cantilever section 104;

[0044] Among them, Figure 4-6As shown, the extended section 103 is a box body composed of an upper flange plate 201, a lower flange plate 202, an inner web plate 203 and an outer web plate 204; the upper flange plate 201 is welded to the inner web plate 203 / outer web plate 204; the lower flange plate 202 is welded to the inner web plate 203 / outer web plate 204; the upper flange plate 201 is arranged in parallel with the lower flange plate 202; the inner web plate 203 is a bent plate; a T-shaped rail beam 207 is arranged on the outer side of the inner web plate 203; a front tie rod ear plate 209 is arranged on one side above the inner web plate 203, a first connecting ear plate 2101 on the land side of the front tie rod ear plate 209, a second connecting ear plate 2102 is arranged above the outer web plate 204, the second connecting ear plate 2102 corresponds to the first connecting ear plate 2101, the front tie rod ear plate 209, the first connecting ear plate 2101, An axial hole is provided on the second connecting ear plate 2102; a triangular rib plate 211 is provided between the front tie rod ear plate 209 and the upper flange plate 201; a top seat 208 is symmetrically provided on one side of the bottom of the lower flange plate 202, and the top seat 208 corresponds to the position of the first connecting ear plate 2101 and the second connecting ear plate 2102; a plurality of transverse partitions 206 are provided in the box body, and the transverse partitions 206 are respectively perpendicular to the upper flange plate 201 and the lower flange plate 202, and a long hole is provided on the transverse partitions 206; a plurality of longitudinal ribs 205 are provided in the box body; a small partition 212 is provided in the box body, and a rib plate 213 is provided on the small partition 212, and the small partition 212, the rib plate 213 and the top seat 208 are ribbed; the small partition 212, the transverse partition 206, the longitudinal ribs 205, and the triangular rib plate 211 can enhance the stability of the extended section 103;

[0045] When the extension section 103 is welded to the cantilever section 102, the front tie rod ear plate 209 of the extension section 103 is away from the cantilever section 102 (see Figure 7 ).

[0046] S3, installing the extended cantilever section 104, hoisting and installing the extended cantilever section 104 on the front section 101 of the beam to form an extended beam (see Fig.10 );

[0047] Before step S3, step S30 is provided, in which a support 300 (not shown in the figure) is installed at the cutting line L of the front section 101 of the beam;

[0048] like Figure 8-9 As shown, the support 300 includes an upper wing support 301 and a lower wing support 303; the upper wing support 301 is provided with a support ear plate 302, the support ear plate 302 is provided with an axial hole, the support ear plate 302 corresponds to the connecting small ear plate 210, which is convenient for the support ear plate 302 to be fixed to the connecting small ear plate 210, and the lower wing support 303 corresponds to the top seat 208, which is convenient for the lower wing support 303 to be connected to the top seat 208;

[0049] Step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0050] S31, initial fixation, hoisting the extended cantilever section 104 to the cutting line L of the front section 101 of the beam; fixing the support ear plate 302 of the front section 101 of the beam with the first small connecting ear plate 2101 and the second connecting ear plate 2102 of the extended cantilever section 104 through pins / bolts, connecting the lower wing support 303 of the front section 101 of the beam with the top seat 208 of the extended cantilever section 104, and completing the initial fixation of the front section 101 of the beam and the extended cantilever section 104;

[0051] S32, welding, welding the front section 101 of the beam to the extended cantilever section 104 to form an extended beam 105 (see Fig.10 );

[0052] S33, post-weld processing, non-destructive testing of the welded extended beam 105, and removal of the first connecting ear plate 2101, the second connecting ear plate 2102, the top seat 208 and the support 300 on the extended beam 105.

[0053] S4, install the extended beam 105, replace the front tie rod, and install the extended beam 105 on the crane (see Figure 3 );

[0054] Step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0055] S41, the extended beam 105 is lifted by the pitch system of the crane and anchored by the anchoring device 401 of the crane (see Fig.11 ), remove the connecting plate 403 of the front pull rod / middle pull rod 405;

[0056] S42, lay the extended beam 105 flat (see Fig.12 ), remove the first section 402 of the front row tie rod, install the first section 404 of the new front row tie rod, and form a new front row tie rod (see Fig.13 ); fixing the new front tie rod to the front tie rod ear plate 209 of the extended beam 105;

[0057] S43, the extended beam 105 is raised again, anchored by the anchoring device 401, and the connecting plate 403 is installed on the new front tie rod / middle tie rod 405 (see Fig.14 ); After completing the measurement, adjustment, painting and other related auxiliary work, the crane beam is lengthened in the air.

[0058] like Figure 3 , Fig.10As shown, the beam provided in this embodiment is an extended beam 105 obtained by the above-mentioned beam aerial lengthening method; the extended beam 105 includes a beam front section 101 and an extended cantilever section 104; the beam front section 101 and the extended cantilever section 104 are welded; the extended cantilever section 104 includes an extended section 103 and a cantilever section 102; the extended section 103 and the cantilever section 102 are welded; Figure 4-6 As shown, the extended section 103 is a box body composed of an upper flange plate 201, a lower flange plate 202, an inner web plate 203 and an outer web plate 204; the upper flange plate 201 is arranged in parallel with the lower flange plate 202; the upper flange plate 201 / lower flange plate 202 are welded to the inner web plate 203 and the outer web plate 204 respectively; the inner web plate 203 is a bent plate; a T-shaped rail beam 207 is arranged on the outer side of the inner web plate 203; a front tie rod ear plate 209 is arranged on the side above the inner web plate 203 away from the cantilever section 102; an axial hole is arranged on the front tie rod ear plate 209; a shaft hole is arranged between the front tie rod ear plate 209 and the upper flange plate 201 A triangular rib plate 211 is provided; a plurality of transverse partitions 206 are provided in the box body, the transverse partitions 206 are perpendicular to the upper flange plate 201 and the lower flange plate 202, and a long hole is provided on the transverse partition 206; a plurality of longitudinal ribs 205 are provided in the box body; a small partition 212 is provided in the box body, the small partition is arranged between the inner web plate 203 and the outer web plate 204, and is welded to the inner web plate 203, the outer web plate 204 and the lower flange plate 202, and a rib plate 213 is provided on the small partition 212; the transverse partition 206, the longitudinal ribs 205, the triangular rib plate 211 and the small partition 212 can enhance the stability of the extended section 103.

[0059] The beam in this embodiment is installed through the steps of the above-mentioned beam aerial lengthening method.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, a crane provided in this embodiment includes the above-mentioned beam 105.

[0061] The method for lengthening the beam in the air of the present invention assembles the lengthening section on the outside (sea side) of the front tie rod, and assembles the ear plate of the front tie rod on the lengthening section of the beam to reduce the length of the cantilever section of the lengthened beam; in the process of lengthening the beam, the process flow is improved, and there is no need to use a large crawler crane for operation, so that projects that originally did not have the conditions for transformation can be implemented, while saving the cost of renting a large crawler crane and solving the problem of high transformation costs; in the process of lengthening the beam, there is no need to disassemble the beam, beam hinge, middle row tie rods, pitch wire ropes, etc., so the workload is small, the transformation time is saved, and the work efficiency is improved; in the process of lengthening the beam, no additional special dock is required. The invention saves land resources and has little impact on the normal operation of the terminal; the extended section of the beam in the present invention increases the strength of the extended section by arranging longitudinal ribs on the inner web, outer web and lower flange plate of the extended section and arranging transverse partitions inside the box body of the extended section, and the strength structure of the beam is ensured by welding the front section of the beam / the cantilever section of the beam and the extended section; the beam and the crane of the present invention increase the forward reach of the crane by assembling the extended section between the front row tie rods of the front beam of the crane (specifically the connection points between the front row tie rods of the front beam of the crane and the beam) and the cantilever section of the beam, so as to meet the requirements of loading and unloading of large container ships while ensuring the structural strength of the front beam.

[0062] In summary, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for lengthening a beam in mid-air, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, cutting the beam, cutting the beam along the cutting line to cut it into the beam front section and the cantilever section; S2, forming an extended cantilever section, welding the extended section and the cantilever section into the extended cantilever section; S3, installing the extended cantilever section, installing the extended cantilever section on the front section of the beam to form an extended beam; S4, install the extended beam, replace the front tie rod, and install the extended beam on the crane. In step S2, the extended section is a box body consisting of an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate, an inner web plate and an outer web plate; The upper flange plate is welded to the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the lower flange plate is welded to the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the upper flange plate is arranged in parallel with the lower flange plate; The inner web is a bent plate; a T-shaped rail beam is provided on the outer side of the inner web; a front tie rod ear plate is provided on one side above the inner web; an axial hole is provided on the front tie rod ear plate; a triangular rib plate is provided between the front tie rod ear plate and the upper flange plate; The box body is provided with a plurality of transverse partitions, the transverse partitions are perpendicular to the upper flange plate / lower flange plate, and the transverse partitions are provided with long holes; the box body is provided with a plurality of longitudinal ribs, and the longitudinal ribs are used to enhance the stability of the box body. The land side of the front pull rod ear plate is provided with a first small connecting ear plate; A second connecting ear plate is provided above the outer web, and the second connecting ear plate corresponds to the first connecting ear plate; shaft holes are provided on the first connecting ear plate and the second connecting ear plate; A top seat is symmetrically provided on one side of the bottom of the lower flange plate, and the top seat corresponds to the first connecting ear plate / the second connecting ear plate; A small partition is provided in the box body, and a rib plate is provided on the small partition. The rib plate is aligned with the top seat. When the extension section is welded to the cantilever section, the front tie rod ear plate is away from the cantilever section; Before step S3, step S30 is further provided, in which a support is installed at the cutting line of the front section of the beam; The support includes an upper wing support and a lower wing support; the upper wing support is provided with a support ear plate, the support ear plate is provided with an axial hole, the support ear plate corresponds to the first connecting ear plate / the second connecting ear plate, and the lower wing support corresponds to the top seat. The step S3 comprises the following steps: S31, initial fixation, hoist the extended cantilever section to the cutting line of the front section of the beam; fix the support ear plate of the front section of the beam and the connecting ear plate of the extended cantilever section through pins / bolts, connect the lower wing support of the front section of the beam and the top seat of the extended cantilever section, and complete the initial fixation of the front section of the beam and the extended cantilever section; S32, welding, welding the front section of the beam and the extended cantilever section to form an extended beam; S33, post-weld processing, performing non-destructive testing on the welded extended beam, and removing the first connecting ear plate, the second connecting ear plate, the top seat and the support on the extended beam.

2. The method for lengthening a beam in mid-air according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises the following steps: S41, lift the extended beam through the crane's luffing system, anchor it with the anchoring device, and remove the connecting plate of the front tie rod / middle tie rod; S42, lay the extended beam flat, replace the front tie rod to form a new front tie rod; fix the new front tie rod to the front tie rod ear plate of the extended beam; S43, raise the extended beam again, anchor it using the anchoring device, and install the connecting plate on the new front tie rod / middle tie rod.

3. A beam, characterized in that: The beam is an extended beam formed by the beam aerial lengthening method as described in any one of claims 1-2.

4. The beam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The extended beam comprises a beam front section and an extended cantilever section; the beam front section is welded to the extended cantilever section; The extended cantilever section comprises an extended section and a cantilever section; the extended section is welded to the cantilever section; The extended section is a box body composed of an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate, an inner web plate and an outer web plate; The upper flange plate is welded to the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the lower flange plate is welded to the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the upper flange plate is parallel to the lower flange plate; The inner web is a bent plate; a T-shaped rail beam is provided on the outer side of the inner web; a front tie rod ear plate is provided on the upper side of the inner web away from the cantilever section; an axial hole is provided on the front tie rod ear plate; a triangular rib plate is provided between the front tie rod ear plate and the upper flange plate; The box body is provided with a plurality of transverse partitions, the transverse partitions are perpendicular to the upper flange plate / lower flange plate / inner web plate / outer web plate, and the transverse partitions are provided with long holes; the box body is provided with a plurality of longitudinal ribs; the box body is provided with a small partition, and the small partition is provided with a rib plate.

5. A crane, characterized in that: Comprising the beam as claimed in claim 4.

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