A two-stage air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace

Abstract

The present invention discloses a two-level air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace, and relates to the technical field of pyrolysis furnaces, including a furnace body, a feed port, a pressure-stabilizing exhaust port, an ignition port, a double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component, a first air distribution component, a second air distribution component, a pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, a controller and a loop system, wherein the second air distribution component includes an upper air distribution mechanism, a lower air distribution mechanism and a second air inlet; the loop system includes a first control loop, a second control loop, a third control loop and a fourth control loop, wherein the first control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the first air distribution component, the second control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the second air inlet, the third control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, and the fourth control loop connects the double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet. The system can effectively reduce the tar content in the pyrolysis gas, ensure that the air distribution is sufficient and uniform, and the pyrolysis gas is discharged more fully and timely.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pyrolysis furnaces, and in particular to a two-level air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace. Background Art

[0002] At present, there have been many studies on pyrolysis furnaces, mainly including four types: continuous, vehicle-mounted, skid-mounted, and mobile pyrolysis equipment, among which continuous equipment is the majority. Among continuous pyrolysis equipment, rotary kiln pyrolysis equipment is the main one. At present, the main disadvantages of continuous pyrolysis equipment are high tar content in the pyrolysis gas, the inability to utilize the high temperature of pyrolysis carbon, and uneven air distribution (combustion-supporting gas). The utility model patent with patent number CN204111673U mentions a new type of biomass pyrolysis furnace, and the furnace structure is from top to bottom: feeding section, pyrolysis section, air cooling section, and water cooling section. Its main feature is that it can realize continuous pyrolysis and gasification of biomass particles, and the production load is continuously adjustable, but the main problems faced by pyrolysis are still not mentioned: high tar content in pyrolysis gas, difficulty in utilizing high temperature of pyrolysis carbon, uneven air distribution (combustion-supporting gas), insufficient and untimely discharge of pyrolysis gas, etc. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a two-level air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace, which effectively reduces the tar content in the pyrolysis gas, ensures sufficient and uniform air distribution, and makes the pyrolysis gas discharge more sufficient and timely.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a two-level air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace, comprising a furnace body, a feed inlet, a pressure-stabilizing exhaust port, an ignition port, a double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component, a first air distribution component, a second air distribution component, a pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, a controller and a loop system, wherein the feed inlet and the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port are arranged on the top of the furnace body, the ignition port is arranged on one side of the lower part of the furnace body, the double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component, the first air distribution component and the second air distribution component are arranged on the furnace body in sequence from top to bottom, the second air distribution component comprises an upper air distribution mechanism, a lower air distribution mechanism and a second air inlet, the upper air distribution mechanism and the lower air distribution mechanism are both fixed in the furnace body, the upper air distribution mechanism is arranged above the lower air distribution mechanism, and the upper air distribution mechanism and the lower air distribution mechanism are not connected, the The second air inlet and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body from top to bottom, the second air inlet corresponds to the position of the upper air distribution mechanism, and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet corresponds to the position of the lower air distribution mechanism; the loop system includes a first control loop, a second control loop, a third control loop and a fourth control loop, the first control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the first air distribution component, the second control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the second air inlet, the third control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, the fourth control loop connects the double-layer pyrolysis gas exhaust component and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, and the first control loop, the second control loop and the fourth control loop are all connected to the controller.

[0006] Preferably, the first control loop includes a first main pipe and a first branch pipe, the first main pipe is provided with a first fan, one end of the first main pipe is connected to the pressure-stabilized exhaust port, the other end of the first main pipe is connected to the first air distribution component through the first branch pipe, the first branch pipe is provided with a first flow meter and a first solenoid valve, and the first fan, the first flow meter and the first solenoid valve are all connected to the controller; the second control loop includes a second branch pipe, the other end of the first main pipe is connected to the second air inlet through the second branch pipe, the second branch pipe is provided with a second flow meter and a second solenoid valve, and the second flow meter and the second solenoid valve are both connected to the controller; the third control loop includes a third branch pipe, the other end of the first main pipe is connected to the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet through the third branch pipe, and the third branch pipe is provided with a first manual valve.

[0007] Preferably, the loop system also includes a fourth branch pipe and a pressure sensor, one end of the fourth branch pipe is connected to the first main pipe, and the other end of the fourth branch pipe is connected to the outside world, a third solenoid valve is arranged on the fourth branch pipe, and the connection between the fourth branch pipe and the first main pipe is located between the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the first fan, the pressure sensor and the third solenoid valve are both connected to the controller, and the pressure sensor is used to test the pressure at the top of the furnace body.

[0008] Preferably, the fourth control loop includes a second main pipe and a fifth branch pipe, the two ends of the second main pipe are respectively connected to the double-layer pyrolysis gas exhaust assembly and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, the second main pipe is sequentially provided with a second fan, a third flowmeter and a second manual valve, the second manual valve is arranged at one end close to the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, one end of the fifth branch pipe is connected to the second main pipe, and the other end of the fifth branch pipe is connected to the outside, the fifth branch pipe is sequentially provided with a fourth flowmeter and a fourth solenoid valve from the inside to the outside, the connection between the fifth branch pipe and the second main pipe is located between the second fan and the third flowmeter, and the second fan, the third flowmeter, the fourth flowmeter and the fourth solenoid valve are all connected to the controller.

[0009] Preferably, the double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge assembly includes a pyrolysis gas upper outlet, a pyrolysis gas lower outlet, an annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet and an annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet, the annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet and the annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet are both arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body, the annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet is arranged above the annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet, the pyrolysis gas upper outlet and the pyrolysis gas lower outlet are both arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body, the pyrolysis gas upper outlet is connected with the annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet, the pyrolysis gas lower outlet is connected with the annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet, and the pyrolysis gas upper outlet and the pyrolysis gas lower outlet are both connected to the second main pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the first air distribution component includes a first air inlet and an annular air distribution port, the annular air distribution port is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body, the first air inlet is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body, the first air inlet is connected to the annular air distribution port, and the first air inlet is connected to the first branch pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the upper air distribution mechanism includes a hood and an upper air distribution plate, the hood is fixed above the upper air distribution plate, and the lower air distribution mechanism is a lower air distribution plate, the lower air distribution plate is fixed below the upper air distribution plate, and the upper air distribution plate is not connected to the lower air distribution plate.

[0012] Preferably, the second air distribution assembly also includes a power input shaft, the hood, the upper air distribution plate and the lower air distribution plate are all connected to the upper end of the power input shaft through an internal spline bearing, and the lower end of the power input shaft is fixed to the furnace body.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0014] The two-level air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system of the pyrolysis furnace provided by the present invention comprises a furnace body, a feed port, a pressure-stabilizing exhaust port, an ignition port, a double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component, a first air distribution component, a second air distribution component, a pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, a controller and a loop system, wherein the first control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the first air distribution component, and the second control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the second air inlet, and a two-level air distribution system is formed by setting the first control loop and the second control loop, and the two air distributions effectively ensure that the air distribution is uniform and sufficient, thereby promoting the smooth progress of the pyrolysis process. The third control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, and the third control loop is provided to provide sufficient oxygen to ensure smooth ignition. The fourth control loop connects the double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, and effectively utilizes the heat of the carbonization zone to catalytically reform the refluxed pyrolysis gas, effectively reducing the tar content in the pyrolysis gas and improving the quality of the pyrolysis gas. By adopting a double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component, the problem of insufficient and untimely discharge of pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is solved, and the pyrolysis gas discharge efficiency is effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the two-stage air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for the pyrolysis furnace provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 A working principle diagram of the two-stage air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for the pyrolysis furnace provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a front view of the hood of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a top view of the hood of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a front view of the upper air distribution mechanism and the lower air distribution mechanism in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6It is a top view of the upper air distribution mechanism and the lower air distribution mechanism in the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. feed port; 2. pressure-stabilizing exhaust port; 3. pyrolysis gas upper outlet; 4. pyrolysis gas lower outlet; 5. first air inlet; 6. wind hood; 7. upper air distribution plate; 8. second air inlet; 9. pyrolysis gas reflux inlet; 10. power input shaft; 11. ignition port; 12. lower air distribution plate; 13. annular air distribution port; 14. annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet; 15. annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet; 16. internal spline bearing; 17. bolt; P, pressure sensor; L1, first flow meter; L2, second flow meter; L3, third flow meter; L4, fourth flow meter; F1, first fan; F2, second fan; D1, first solenoid valve; D2, second solenoid valve; D3, third solenoid valve; D4, fourth solenoid valve; S1, first manual valve; S2, second manual valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-stage air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace, which can effectively reduce the tar content in the pyrolysis gas, ensure sufficient and uniform air distribution, and make the pyrolysis gas discharge more sufficient and timely.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present embodiment provides a two-level air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace, comprising a furnace body, a feed port 1, a pressure-stabilizing exhaust port 2, an ignition port 11, a double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component, a first air distribution component, a second air distribution component, a pyrolysis gas reflux inlet 9, a controller and a loop system, the feed port 1 and the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port 2 are arranged at the top of the furnace body, the ignition port 11 is arranged on one side of the lower part of the furnace body, the double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component, the first air distribution component and the second air distribution component are arranged on the furnace body from top to bottom, the second air distribution component comprises an upper air distribution mechanism, a lower air distribution mechanism and a second air inlet 8, the upper air distribution mechanism and the lower air distribution mechanism are both fixed in the furnace body, the upper air distribution mechanism is arranged above the lower air distribution mechanism, and the upper air distribution mechanism and the lower air distribution mechanism are not connected, the second air inlet 8 and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet 9 are arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body from top to bottom, the second air inlet 8 corresponds to the position of the upper air distribution mechanism, and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet 9 corresponds to the position of the lower air distribution mechanism. The loop system includes a first control loop, a second control loop, a third control loop and a fourth control loop, and the first control loop, the second control loop and the fourth control loop are all connected to the controller. The first control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port 2 and the first air distribution component, and the second control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port 2 and the second air inlet 8. By setting the first control loop and the second control loop, a two-level air distribution system is formed. The two air distributions effectively ensure uniform and sufficient air distribution, thereby promoting the smooth progress of the pyrolysis process. The third control loop connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port 2 and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet 9, and by setting the third control loop, sufficient oxygen is provided to ensure smooth ignition. The fourth control loop connects the double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet 9. By setting the fourth control loop, the heat of the carbonization zone is effectively utilized to catalytically reform the refluxed pyrolysis gas, effectively reducing the tar content in the pyrolysis gas and improving the quality of the pyrolysis gas. By adopting a double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component, the problem of insufficient and untimely discharge of pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is solved, and the pyrolysis gas discharge efficiency is effectively improved.

[0027] The first control loop includes a first main pipe and a first branch pipe, a first fan F1 is arranged on the first main pipe, one end of the first main pipe is connected to the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port 2, the other end of the first main pipe is connected to the first air distribution component through the first branch pipe, a first flow meter L1 and a first solenoid valve D1 are arranged on the first branch pipe, and the first fan F1, the first flow meter L1 and the first solenoid valve D1 are all connected to the controller; the second control loop includes a second branch pipe, the other end of the first main pipe is connected to the second air inlet 8 through the second branch pipe, a second flow meter L2 and a second solenoid valve D2 are arranged on the second branch pipe, and the second flow meter L2 and the second solenoid valve D2 are all connected to the controller; the third control loop includes a third branch pipe, the other end of the first main pipe is connected to the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet 9 through the third branch pipe, and a first manual valve S1 is arranged on the third branch pipe.

[0028] The loop system also includes a fourth branch pipe and a pressure sensor P. One end of the fourth branch pipe is connected to the first main pipe, and the other end of the fourth branch pipe is connected to the outside. A third solenoid valve D3 is arranged on the fourth branch pipe. The connection between the fourth branch pipe and the first main pipe is located between the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port 2 and the first fan F1. The pressure sensor P and the third solenoid valve D3 are both connected to the controller. The pressure sensor P is used to test the pressure at the top of the furnace body. The controller adjusts the third solenoid valve D3 according to the signal of the pressure sensor P.

[0029] The fourth control loop includes a second main pipe and a fifth branch pipe. The two ends of the second main pipe are respectively connected to the double-layer pyrolysis gas exhaust assembly and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet 9. The second main pipe is provided with a second fan F2, a third flowmeter L3 and a second manual valve S2 in sequence. The second manual valve S2 is arranged at one end close to the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet 9. One end of the fifth branch pipe is connected to the second main pipe, and the other end of the fifth branch pipe is connected to the outside. The fifth branch pipe is provided with a fourth flowmeter L4 and a fourth solenoid valve D4 from the inside to the outside. The connection between the fifth branch pipe and the second main pipe is located between the second fan F2 and the third flowmeter L3. The second fan F2, the third flowmeter L3, the fourth flowmeter L4 and the fourth solenoid valve D4 are all connected to the controller.

[0030] The double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge assembly includes a pyrolysis gas upper outlet 3, a pyrolysis gas lower outlet 4, an annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet 15 and an annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet 14. The annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet 15 and the annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet 14 are both arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body. The annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet 15 is arranged above the annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet 14. The pyrolysis gas upper outlet 3 and the pyrolysis gas lower outlet 4 are both arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body. The pyrolysis gas upper outlet 3 is connected to the annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet 15, and the pyrolysis gas lower outlet 4 is connected to the annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet 14. The pyrolysis gas upper outlet 3 and the pyrolysis gas lower outlet 4 are both connected to the second main pipe. By setting two annular pyrolysis gas outlets, the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis can be discharged fully and timely, effectively improving the pyrolysis gas discharge efficiency.

[0031] The first air distribution assembly includes a first air inlet 5 and an annular air distribution port 13. The annular air distribution port 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body, and the first air inlet 5 is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body. The first air inlet 5 is connected to the annular air distribution port 13, and the first air inlet 5 is connected to the first branch pipe. The air entering from the first air inlet 5 enters the inner wall of the furnace body through the annular air distribution port 13, and gradually penetrates inward from the outer periphery of the inner wall.

[0032] like Figure 3-Figure 6As shown, the upper air distribution mechanism includes a hood 6 and an upper air distribution plate 7, the hood 6 is fixed above the upper air distribution plate 7, and the lower air distribution mechanism is a lower air distribution plate 12, the lower air distribution plate 12 is fixed below the upper air distribution plate 7, and the upper air distribution plate 7 is not connected to the lower air distribution plate 12. The upper air distribution plate 7 and the lower air distribution plate 12 have the same size and are connected by welding. The size of the hood 6 is slightly larger than that of the upper air distribution plate 7. The hood 6 and the upper air distribution plate 7 are connected by bolts 17, and M10 bolts are used in this embodiment. Air enters the furnace body from the gap between the hood 6 and the upper air distribution plate 7, and the refluxed pyrolysis gas enters the carbonization zone from the lower air distribution plate 12. The hood 6 can effectively prevent the material from blocking the gap between the upper air distribution plate 7 and the hood 6.

[0033] The second air distribution assembly also includes a power input shaft 10. The hood 6, the upper air distribution plate 7 and the lower air distribution plate 12 are all connected to the upper end of the power input shaft 10 through an internal spline bearing 16. The lower end of the power input shaft 10 is fixed to the furnace body.

[0034] The working process of the two-stage air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system of the pyrolysis furnace in this embodiment mainly includes three stages, namely, the ignition stage, the stable combustion stage and the pyrolysis gas discharge stage.

[0035] (1) Ignition stage:

[0036] Feed from the feed port 1 to ensure that there are enough materials in the furnace body for ignition. During ignition, the first solenoid valve D1 and the second solenoid valve D2 remain in a closed state, and the first fan F1 and the first manual valve S1 are opened to form an air circulation inside and outside the furnace body: ignition port 11-pressure-stabilizing exhaust port 2-pyrolysis gas reflux port-first fan F1-ignition port 11, ensuring sufficient oxygen to allow ignition to proceed smoothly.

[0037] (2) Stable combustion stage:

[0038] When the combustion in the furnace body is stable, close the ignition port 11 and the first manual valve S1, and the first solenoid valve D1 and the second solenoid valve D2 start working to maintain normal feeding. The controller adjusts the third solenoid valve D3 through the signal of the pressure sensor P to maintain a slight negative pressure in the furnace. The first fan F1 provides air to the furnace body through the first air inlet 5, and the first air inlet 5 provides air to the furnace body through the annular air distribution port 13. The controller adjusts the first solenoid valve D1 and the second solenoid valve D2 according to the first flow meter L1 and the second flow meter L2 to control the air intake amount to ensure that the pyrolysis can proceed smoothly. The first-level air distribution is from outside to inside, and the first solenoid valve D1 is adjusted according to the first flow meter L1 to control the air intake of the first fan F1. Finally, the air entering from the first air inlet 5 enters the inner wall of the furnace body through the annular air distribution port 13, and gradually penetrates inward from the outer side of the inner wall of the furnace body; the second-level air distribution is from inside to outside, and the second solenoid valve D2 is adjusted according to the second flow meter L2 to control the air intake of the first fan F1, and finally enters the upper air distribution plate 7 from the second air inlet 8, and distributes air evenly from the inside to the outside through the wind hood 6. The two-level air distribution ensures sufficient and uniform air distribution.

[0039] (3) Pyrolysis gas discharge stage:

[0040] The pyrolysis gas is discharged from the pyrolysis gas upper outlet 3 and the pyrolysis gas lower outlet 4 through the annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet 15 and the annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet 14 respectively. The second fan F2 assists in the discharge of the pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis gas contains a certain amount of tar. The second manual valve S2 and the fourth solenoid valve D4 are adjusted according to the third flow meter L3 and the fourth flow meter L4, so that the pyrolysis gas passes through the second manual valve S2 and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet 9 into the lower air distribution plate 12 and is evenly input into the pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis gas with a high tar content passes through the high-temperature carbonization zone and is discharged again from the pyrolysis gas upper outlet 3 and the pyrolysis gas lower outlet 4 after catalytic reforming, which effectively improves the quality of the pyrolysis gas.

[0041] When part of the pyrolysis gas penetrates into the feed area, the pressure sensor P detects abnormal pressure, opens the first manual valve S1, and adjusts the third solenoid valve D3. The pyrolysis gas escaping from the top passes through the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port 2-the first fan F1-the first manual valve S1-the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet 9 and enters the lower air distribution plate 12, and evenly enters the carbonization area for catalytic reforming. When the pressure sensor P detects a slight negative pressure signal, the first manual valve S1 is closed, the third solenoid valve D3 is closed, and the equipment operates normally. In this embodiment, the pressure sensor P and the third solenoid valve D3 play a role in slight negative pressure control and detection, which can prevent the pyrolysis gas from escaping from the feed port 1 and ensure the safety factor of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0042] The present specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-stage air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace, characterized in that: The invention comprises a furnace body, a feed inlet, a pressure-stabilizing exhaust port, an ignition port, a double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component, a first air distribution component, a second air distribution component, a pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, a controller and a loop system, wherein the feed inlet and the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port are arranged on the top of the furnace body, the ignition port is arranged on one side of the lower part of the furnace body, the double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component, the first air distribution component and the second air distribution component are arranged on the furnace body in sequence from top to bottom, the second air distribution component comprises an upper air distribution mechanism, a lower air distribution mechanism and a second air inlet, the upper air distribution mechanism and the lower air distribution mechanism are both fixed in the furnace body, the upper air distribution mechanism is arranged above the lower air distribution mechanism, and the upper air distribution mechanism The air distribution mechanism and the lower air distribution mechanism are not connected, the second air inlet and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet are arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body from top to bottom in sequence, the second air inlet corresponds to the position of the upper air distribution mechanism, and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet corresponds to the position of the lower air distribution mechanism; the circuit system includes a first control circuit, a second control circuit, a third control circuit and a fourth control circuit, the first control circuit connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the first air distribution component, the second control circuit connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the second air inlet, the third control circuit connects the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, and the fourth control circuit connects the The double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, the first control loop, the second control loop and the fourth control loop are all connected to the controller; the first control loop includes a first main pipe and a first branch pipe, the first main pipe is provided with a first fan, one end of the first main pipe is connected to the pressure-stabilized exhaust port, the other end of the first main pipe is connected to the first air distribution component through the first branch pipe, the first branch pipe is provided with a first flow meter and a first solenoid valve, the first fan, the first flow meter and the first solenoid valve are all connected to the controller; the second control loop includes a second branch pipe, the other end of the first main pipe is connected to the first pressure-stabilized exhaust port through the first branch pipe Two branches are connected to the second air inlet, and the second branch is provided with a second flow meter and a second solenoid valve, and the second flow meter and the second solenoid valve are both connected to the controller; the third control loop includes a third branch, and the other end of the first main pipe is connected to the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet through the third branch, and the third branch is provided with a first manual valve; the first air distribution component includes a first air inlet and an annular air distribution port, and the annular air distribution port is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body, and the first air inlet is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body, the first air inlet is communicated with the annular air distribution port, and the first air inlet is connected to the first branch.

2. The two-stage air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loop system also includes a fourth branch pipe and a pressure sensor, one end of the fourth branch pipe is connected to the first main pipe, and the other end of the fourth branch pipe is connected to the outside world. The fourth branch pipe is provided with a third solenoid valve, and the connection between the fourth branch pipe and the first main pipe is located between the pressure-stabilizing exhaust port and the first fan. The pressure sensor and the third solenoid valve are both connected to the controller, and the pressure sensor is used to test the pressure at the top of the furnace body.

3. The two-stage air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth control loop includes a second main pipe and a fifth branch pipe, the two ends of the second main pipe are respectively connected to the double-layer pyrolysis gas exhaust assembly and the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, the second main pipe is sequentially provided with a second fan, a third flow meter and a second manual valve, the second manual valve is arranged at one end close to the pyrolysis gas reflux inlet, one end of the fifth branch pipe is connected to the second main pipe, and the other end of the fifth branch pipe is connected to the outside, the fifth branch pipe is sequentially provided with a fourth flow meter and a fourth solenoid valve from the inside to the outside, the connection between the fifth branch pipe and the second main pipe is located between the second fan and the third flow meter, and the second fan, the third flow meter, the fourth flow meter and the fourth solenoid valve are all connected to the controller.

4. The two-stage air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The double-layer pyrolysis gas discharge component includes a pyrolysis gas upper outlet, a pyrolysis gas lower outlet, an annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet and an annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet. The annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet and the annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet are both arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body. The annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet is arranged above the annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet. The pyrolysis gas upper outlet and the pyrolysis gas lower outlet are both arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body. The pyrolysis gas upper outlet is connected with the annular pyrolysis gas upper outlet, the pyrolysis gas lower outlet is connected with the annular pyrolysis gas lower outlet, and the pyrolysis gas upper outlet and the pyrolysis gas lower outlet are both connected to the second main pipe.

5. The two-stage air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper air distribution mechanism includes a hood and an upper air distribution plate, the hood is fixed above the upper air distribution plate, and the lower air distribution mechanism is a lower air distribution plate, the lower air distribution plate is fixed below the upper air distribution plate, and the upper air distribution plate is not connected to the lower air distribution plate.

6. The two-stage air distribution and pyrolysis gas reflux system for a pyrolysis furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second air distribution assembly also includes a power input shaft, the hood, the upper air distribution plate and the lower air distribution plate are all connected to the upper end of the power input shaft through an internal spline bearing, and the lower end of the power input shaft is fixed to the furnace body.

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