A kind of processing method of waste material containing electrolyte

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for treating waste materials containing electrolytes. The method comprises: obtaining waste materials containing electrolytes with fine particle diameters; combining the waste materials containing electrolytes with fine particle diameters, a desodiumizing agent and a catalyst in a mass ratio of 1:(0.5-2.5 ): (0.001~0.002) for mixing to obtain a mixture; heating the mixture for reaction to obtain a synthetic material; crushing the synthetic material to obtain a fine material, and then washing the fine material with water and separating the solid and liquid , to obtain aluminum fluoride-containing products and sodium salt solutions; the present invention uses the strong sodium-expelling performance of the sodium-removing agent to destroy the ionic bonds in the electrolyte by heating under the action of a catalyst, so as to realize the reconstruction of sodium ions and anions in the sodium-removing agent , so that the sodium element is removed from the electrolyte to obtain aluminum fluoride-containing products and sodium salt solutions, which can not only convert electrolyte waste into high-value-added aluminum fluoride products, but also have low energy consumption, easy industrialized stable production and waste Features such as zero emissions.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aluminum electrolysis hazardous waste treatment, in particular to a treatment method for electrolyte-containing waste. Background technique

[0002] Aluminum is the second largest metal after steel, and China is the world's largest producer of aluminum. At present, the alumina molten salt electrolysis method is the only method for industrial production of aluminum metal. Electrolyzer operation needs to maintain a constant electrolyte molecular ratio (NaF / AlF3). Alumina is the main raw material for electrolytic aluminum, but industrial alumina generally contains 0.2-0.5% sodium oxide, and the continuous introduction of sodium in the raw material will cause the molecular ratio of the electrolytic cell to increase. Therefore, the aluminum electrolysis process requires continuous supplementation of aluminum fluoride or fluoride-loaded alumina to balance the increase in the electrolyte molecular ratio caused by the so...

Examples

Embodiment approach

[0036] According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a treatment method for waste materials containing electrolytes, such as figure 1 shown, including:

[0037] S1. Obtain fine particle size electrolyte-containing waste;

[0038] S2. Mix the electrolyte-containing waste material with fine particle size, sodium removing agent and catalyst according to the mass ratio of 1: (0.5-2.5): (0.001-0.002) to obtain a mixture;

[0039] S3, heating the mixed material to react to obtain a synthetic material;

[0040] S4. Crushing the synthetic material to obtain a fine material, and then washing the fine material with water and separating solid and liquid to obtain an aluminum fluoride-containing product and a sodium salt solution.

[0041]The present invention provides a method for treating waste material containing electrolyte, which utilizes the strong sodium-removing performance of the sodium-removing agent, and under the action of the catalyst, destro...

Embodiment 1

[0056] Weigh a certain amount of carbon residue and crush it in a jaw crusher for 10 minutes, and screen out carbon residues with a particle size of less than 5 mm; then treat it in a ball mill for 15 minutes, and screen out fine carbon residues with a particle size of less than 1 mm; The sodium removal agent aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate and catalyst manganese trioxide are uniformly mixed and compounded, wherein the sodium removal dosage and catalyst amount required for compounding are 1.30 times and 0.0013 times the mass of the electrolyte respectively; then in an intermediate frequency furnace at 650 ° C Heating for 45min; after crushing and grinding the heat-treated synthetic material to 60 mesh, stirring and washing with water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 6, the filter cake after solid-liquid separation, the phase after drying is as follows figure 2 As shown, its main component is aluminum fluoride, and in addition, it contains a small amount of sub-cryoli...

Embodiment 2

[0058] Weigh a certain amount of carbon residue flotation electrolyte, and mix it with sodium removing agent polyaluminum sulfate, lithium chloride and catalyst potassium hexafluorophosphate, wherein the amount of sodium removing agent and catalyst is 0.95 times of the electrolyte quality. and 0.001 times; then heat the compounded material in an intermediate frequency furnace at 800°C for 30 minutes; after crushing and grinding the heat-treated synthetic material to 200 mesh, stir and wash with water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3. The separated filter cake, after drying, looks like image 3 As shown, its main component is aluminum fluoride, and in addition, it contains a small amount of sub-cryolite, alumina and single cryolite, no impurities harmful to electrolysis, and fully meets the requirements of the electrolytic cell.

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aluminum electrolysis hazardous waste treatment, in particular to a treatment method for electrolyte-containing waste. Background technique

[0002] Aluminum is the second largest metal after steel, and China is the world's largest producer of aluminum. At present, the alumina molten salt electrolysis method is the only method for industrial production of aluminum metal. Electrolyzer operation needs to maintain a constant electrolyte molecular ratio (NaF / AlF3). Alumina is the main raw material for electrolytic aluminum, but industrial alumina generally contains 0.2-0.5% sodium oxide, and the continuous introduction of sodium in the raw material will cause the molecular ratio of the electrolytic cell to increase. Therefore, the aluminum electrolysis process requires continuous supplementation of aluminum fluoride or fluoride-loaded alumina to balance the increase in the electrolyte molecular ratio caused by the so...

Examples

Embodiment approach

[0036] According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a treatment method for waste materials containing electrolytes, such as figure 1 shown, including:

[0037] S1. Obtain fine particle size electrolyte-containing waste;

[0038] S2. Mix the electrolyte-containing waste material with fine particle size, sodium removing agent and catalyst according to the mass ratio of 1: (0.5-2.5): (0.001-0.002) to obtain a mixture;

[0039] S3, heating the mixed material to react to obtain a synthetic material;

[0040] S4. Crushing the synthetic material to obtain a fine material, and then washing the fine material with water and separating solid and liquid to obtain an aluminum fluoride-containing product and a sodium salt solution.

[0041]The present invention provides a method for treating waste material containing electrolyte, which utilizes the strong sodium-removing performance of the sodium-removing agent, and under the action of the catalyst, destro...

Embodiment 1

[0056] Weigh a certain amount of carbon residue and crush it in a jaw crusher for 10 minutes, and screen out carbon residues with a particle size of less than 5 mm; then treat it in a ball mill for 15 minutes, and screen out fine carbon residues with a particle size of less than 1 mm; The sodium removal agent aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate and catalyst manganese trioxide are uniformly mixed and compounded, wherein the sodium removal dosage and catalyst amount required for compounding are 1.30 times and 0.0013 times the mass of the electrolyte respectively; then in an intermediate frequency furnace at 650 ° C Heating for 45min; after crushing and grinding the heat-treated synthetic material to 60 mesh, stirring and washing with water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 6, the filter cake after solid-liquid separation, the phase after drying is as follows figure 2 As shown, its main component is aluminum fluoride, and in addition, it contains a small amount of sub-cryoli...

Embodiment 2

[0058] Weigh a certain amount of carbon residue flotation electrolyte, and mix it with sodium removing agent polyaluminum sulfate, lithium chloride and catalyst potassium hexafluorophosphate, wherein the amount of sodium removing agent and catalyst is 0.95 times of the electrolyte quality. and 0.001 times; then heat the compounded material in an intermediate frequency furnace at 800°C for 30 minutes; after crushing and grinding the heat-treated synthetic material to 200 mesh, stir and wash with water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3. The separated filter cake, after drying, looks like image 3 As shown, its main component is aluminum fluoride, and in addition, it contains a small amount of sub-cryolite, alumina and single cryolite, no impurities harmful to electrolysis, and fully meets the requirements of the electrolytic cell.

Images