A system and method for treating food waste on board a ship

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and discloses a system and method for treating kitchen waste on board a ship. The system comprises: a crushing device; a collecting tank connected to the crushing device through a vacuum pipeline, and a vacuum pump is arranged on the vacuum pipeline; a dehydrating device connected to the collecting tank, and used to dehydrate the garbage in the collecting tank to obtain solid residues and oily sewage; an oil-water separator connected to the dehydrating device and provided with a drainage pump; a garbage treatment device connected to the dehydrating device, and used to ferment and degrade the solid residues; an air purification device connected to the garbage treatment device, and used to remove the waste gas generated during the fermentation and degradation; a packaging device connected to the garbage treatment device, and used to package and treat the residual garbage after the fermentation and degradation. In the present invention, the kitchen waste is rendered harmless and reduced in volume by microbial fermentation and degradation, so as to avoid pollution of the working environment and the marine environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of food waste treatment, and in particular to a food waste treatment system and method on board a ship. Background Art

[0002] There are many people on ships and offshore platforms sailing in the open sea, and they leave the land for a long time to produce and live independently, which will generate a lot of food waste every day. At present, collecting food waste on ships and offshore platforms is a time-consuming and laborious task. The main way to collect food waste is manual collection and transportation. Most of the treatment methods are to discharge it to the shore, and others are discharged to the sea after carbonization. However, the carbonization equipment is large in size, high in energy consumption, and consumes a lot of manpower and material resources. In addition, the area occupied on the ship is relatively important. No matter where the food waste is collected and transported, and where it is stored, it will cause problems with the hygiene and working environment pollution of ships and offshore platforms.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a system and method for treating food waste on board, which can render the food waste harmless and reduce the amount of food waste, and at the same time, the system and method have a small footprint, low energy consumption, high degree of automation, and avoid pollution of the working environment and the marine environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a system and method for treating food waste on board a ship, which can render the food waste harmless and reduce its volume through microbial fermentation and degradation, thereby avoiding pollution of the working environment and the marine environment.

[0005] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A food waste treatment system on board, comprising:

[0007] A crushing device, used for crushing the food waste;

[0008] A collecting tank, connected to the pulverizing device through a vacuum pipeline, for collecting the pulverized food waste, wherein a vacuum pump is provided on the vacuum pipeline;

[0009] A dehydration device, connected to the collection tank, for dehydrating the food waste in the collection tank to obtain solid residues and oily wastewater;

[0010] An oil-water separator, connected to the dehydration device, for treating the oily wastewater and collecting wastewater generated by the vacuum pump and the air purification device;

[0011] A drainage pump, connected to the oil-water separator, for discharging the separated oil-free sewage to a sewage treatment device;

[0012] A garbage treatment device, connected to the dehydration device, for fermenting and degrading the solid residue;

[0013] An air purification device, connected to the garbage treatment device, for removing waste gas generated during the fermentation and degradation;

[0014] The packing device is connected to the garbage treatment device and is used for packing and treating the residual garbage after fermentation and degradation.

[0015] In the technical scheme, firstly, the food waste is poured into the pulverizing device for pulverization, and then the pulverized food waste is transported to the collection tank for temporary storage through the vacuum conveying pipe, and then the food waste is transported to the dehydrating device for dehydration to obtain solid residue and oily sewage, the oily sewage enters the oil-water separator for separation, the separated oil-free sewage is discharged to the sewage treatment device through the drainage pump, the solid residue enters the garbage treatment device for fermentation degradation, the residual garbage after fermentation degradation is packaged and processed by the packaging device, and the waste gas generated during fermentation and degradation is discharged after being treated by the air purification device; the on-board food waste treatment system adopts biological aerobic decomposition technology to fully degrade the food waste within 24 hours, and the degradation rate reaches 80% to 90%, and the waste residue is converted into organic fertilizer raw material or fuel, the discharge time is about one month, and each discharge is about 20kg to 40kg, which realizes the reduction, resource utilization, harmlessness and on-site treatment of food waste, and there is no secondary pollution to the environment.

[0016] Further preferably, the pulverizing device comprises:

[0017] A box body, wherein the box body is provided with a box opening for collecting the kitchen waste;

[0018] A pulverizer is arranged inside the box, the feed port of the pulverizer is connected to the box port, and is used to pulverize the food waste;

[0019] The flushing component is connected to the pulverizer and is used for flushing water to keep the pulverized kitchen waste fluid.

[0020] Further preferably, the box body is further provided with a box cover, an electromagnetic lock and an electromagnetic induction switch, the box cover is arranged at the box opening, one side of the box cover is rotatably connected to the box body through a hinge, and the other side of the box cover is connected to the box body through the electromagnetic lock, the electromagnetic lock is connected to the pulverizer, when the pulverizer is started, the electromagnetic lock is automatically sucked in, when the pulverizer is turned off, the electromagnetic lock is opened after a preset delay, the electromagnetic induction switch is arranged between the box body and the box cover, and is connected to the pulverizer, when the box cover is in a closed state, the electromagnetic induction switch is closed, so that the pulverizer can work normally when powered on;

[0021] The pulverizer includes a feed hopper, a pulverizing chamber, a discharge hopper, a drive motor and a pair of rollers. The two ends of the pulverizing chamber are respectively connected to the feed hopper and the discharge hopper. The feed port is arranged at one end of the feed hopper away from the pulverizing chamber. A pair of rollers are arranged in the pulverizing chamber. One ends of the pair of rollers respectively penetrate the pulverizing chamber and are drive-connected to the drive motor. The end of the discharge hopper away from the pulverizing chamber is connected to the collecting tank through the vacuum pipeline, and the vacuum pipeline is provided with a pinch valve.

[0022] Further preferably, it also includes: a chassis;

[0023] The collecting tank is arranged on the top of the chassis, the dehydrating device is arranged inside the chassis and located at the lower side of the collecting tank, the oil-water separator is arranged inside the chassis and located at the lower side of the dehydrating device, the garbage disposal device is arranged inside the chassis and located at one side of the dehydrating device and the oil-water separator, and the vacuum pump and the drainage pump are arranged inside the chassis and located at the lower side of the dehydrating device and one side of the oil-water separator;

[0024] A control box is also provided on the chassis, and the control box is respectively connected to the vacuum pump, the dehydration device, the oil-water separator, the garbage disposal device, the air purification device, and the drainage pump to control their working states.

[0025] Further preferably, the collecting tank comprises a first collecting tank and a second collecting tank, the vacuum pipeline is connected to the first collecting tank, the first collecting tank and the second collecting tank are connected through a first pipeline, a first pinch valve is provided on the first pipeline, the second collecting tank is connected to the dehydration device through a second pipeline, and a second pinch valve is provided on the second pipeline.

[0026] Further preferably, the oil-water separator comprises a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber which are arranged side by side in sequence, the first chamber is connected to the dehydration device, one side of the lower end of the second chamber is communicated with the first chamber, and the other side of the lower end of the second chamber is communicated with the third chamber, the upper side of the first chamber and the upper side of the second chamber are respectively provided with oil drain ports, and the lower side of the third chamber is provided with a water drain port.

[0027] Further preferably, the garbage disposal device includes a fermentation bin and an agitator, a heater, an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe arranged inside the fermentation bin, the fermentation bin is connected to the dehydration device, and is used to add bacteria to ferment the solid residue, the agitator is used to stir the solid residue, the heater is used to maintain the fermentation bin at a preset temperature, the air inlet pipe is used to maintain the oxygen content and humidity of the fermentation bin within a preset range, and the exhaust pipe is used to discharge waste gas generated during the fermentation degradation.

[0028] Further preferably, the air purification device comprises:

[0029] an alkali washing chamber, connected to the exhaust pipe, for removing hydrogen sulfide, low-level fatty acids and part of grease from the exhaust gas;

[0030] an oxidation chamber, connected to the alkali cleaning chamber, for removing reducing substances in the exhaust gas;

[0031] A photolysis chamber, connected to the oxidation chamber, is used to crack the waste gas by strong ultraviolet light with a short wavelength of 185nm to break the molecular chain and generate a large amount of ozone to oxidize the waste gas;

[0032] The plasma chamber is connected to the photolysis chamber and is used to generate high-density high-energy active oxygen to treat the exhaust gas through a special pulse discharge method of high-frequency and high-voltage static electricity.

[0033] Further preferably, the packaging device is a vacuum packaging device, which includes a heat sealer and a vacuum equipment. The residual garbage after fermentation and degradation is put into a plastic bag with a solenoid valve. After the heat sealer seals the plastic bag, the vacuum equipment is connected to the solenoid valve through a vacuum pipeline. When the packaging button is pressed to open the solenoid valve, the vacuum equipment evacuates the interior of the plastic bag to a vacuum, and the plastic bags containing the residual garbage are stacked together.

[0034] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0035] A method applicable to any one of the above-mentioned onboard food waste treatment systems, comprising:

[0036] Put the food waste into the crushing device for crushing;

[0037] The crushed kitchen waste is sent into a collection tank through a vacuum pipeline;

[0038] Sending the food waste in the collection tank to a dehydration device for dehydration to obtain solid residue and oily wastewater;

[0039] The oily wastewater is treated with an oil-water separator to obtain oil-free wastewater and oil pollution, the oil-free wastewater is discharged to a sewage treatment device through a drainage pump for treatment and then recycled or discharged into the sea, and the oil pollution is packaged and stored;

[0040] Using a garbage disposal device to ferment and degrade the solid residue;

[0041] Using an air purification device to remove waste gas generated during the fermentation and degradation through alkali washing, oxidation, photolysis and plasma;

[0042] The residual garbage after fermentation and degradation is vacuum packaged by a packaging device.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the onboard food waste treatment system and method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0044] In the present invention, firstly, food waste is poured into a pulverizing device for pulverization, then the pulverized food waste is transported to a collecting tank through a vacuum conveying pipe for temporary storage, then the food waste is transported to a dehydrating device for dehydration to obtain solid residue and oily sewage, the oily sewage enters an oil-water separator for separation, the separated oil-free sewage is discharged to a sewage treatment device through a drainage pump, the solid residue enters a garbage treatment device for fermentation degradation, the residual garbage after fermentation degradation is packaged through a packaging device, and the waste gas generated during fermentation degradation is treated by an air purification device and then discharged; the onboard food waste treatment system adopts biological aerobic decomposition technology, fully degrades the food waste within 24 hours, the degradation rate reaches 80% to 90%, the discharge time is about one month, each discharge is about 20kg to 40kg, the waste residue becomes an organic fertilizer raw material or fuel, and the food waste is reduced, resourced, harmless, and treated on site, without secondary pollution to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The preferred implementation scheme will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and their implementation methods.

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a shipboard dining waste treatment system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing device according to another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 is a front view of a crushing device according to another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a pulverizing device according to another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a chassis in another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a chassis from another perspective of another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 is a top view of a chassis according to another specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 It is a process flow chart of a system for treating food waste on board a ship according to another specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0055] 1. Crushing device, 10. Kitchen waste, 11. Box body, 111. Box opening, 112. Box cover, 12. Crusher, 121. Feed hopper, 122. Crushing chamber, 123. Discharge hopper, 124. Driving motor, 125. Roller, 13. Flushing assembly, 131. Flushing pipe, 132. Flushing valve, 14. One-way suction valve, 15. Controller, 2. Collection tank, 21. Vacuum pipeline, 212. Pneumatic clamp valve, 22. First collection tank, 221. First clamp Pipe valve, 23. Second collecting tank, 231. Second pinch valve, 3. Dehydration device, 31. Solid residue, 32. Oily sewage, 33. Vacuum pump, 34. Drain pump, 4. Oil-water separator, 41. Oil drain port, 42. Drain port, 43. Oil-free sewage, 44. Oil pollution, 45. Sewage treatment device, 46. Collection box, 5. Garbage treatment device, 6. Air purification device, 7. Packing device, 8. Chassis, 81. Control box, 82. Discharge port, 83. Water inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present application.

[0057] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections.

[0058] In order to simplify the drawings, only the parts related to the present invention are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is schematically drawn or marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one".

[0059] It should be further understood that the term “and / or” used in the specification and appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0060] In the embodiments shown in the drawings, the indications of directions (such as up, down, left, right, front and back) used to explain the structure and movement of the various components of the present invention are not absolute but relative. These descriptions are appropriate when these components are in the positions shown in the drawings. If the descriptions of the positions of these components change, the indications of these directions also change accordingly.

[0061] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0063] As a specific example, Figures 1 to 8As shown, this embodiment provides a shipboard food waste treatment system, including: a crushing device 1, a collecting tank 2, a dehydration device 3, an oil-water separator 4, a drainage pump 34, a waste treatment device 5, an air purification device 6 and a packaging device 7. Among them, the crushing device 1 is used to crush the food waste 10; the collecting tank 2 is connected to the crushing device 1 through a vacuum pipeline 21, and is used to collect the crushed food waste 10, and the vacuum pipeline 21 is connected to a vacuum pump 33; the dehydration device 3 is connected to the collecting tank 2, and is used to dehydrate the food waste 10 in the collecting tank 2 to obtain solid residue 31 and oily wastewater 32; the oil-water separator 4 is connected to the dehydration device 3, and is used to treat the oily wastewater 32, and at the same time collect wastewater generated by the vacuum pump 33 and the air purification device 6; the drainage pump 34 is connected to the oil-water separator 4, and is used to discharge the separated oil-free wastewater 43 to the sewage treatment device 45; the garbage treatment device 5 is connected to the dehydration device 3, and is used to ferment and degrade the solid residue 31; the air purification device 6 is connected to the garbage treatment device 5, and is used to remove the waste gas generated during the fermentation and degradation; the packaging device 7 is connected to the garbage treatment device 5, and is used to package and treat the residual garbage after fermentation and degradation.

[0064] In this embodiment, the food waste 10 is first poured into the pulverizing device 1 for pulverization, and then the pulverized food waste 10 is transported to the collecting tank 2 for temporary storage through the vacuum pipeline 21, and then the food waste 10 is transported to the dehydrating device 3 for dehydration to obtain solid residue 31 and oily sewage 32, the oily sewage 32 enters the oil-water separator 4 for separation, and the separated oil-free sewage 43 is discharged to the sewage treatment device 45 through the drainage pump 34, the solid residue 31 enters the garbage treatment device 5 for fermentation degradation, and the residual garbage after fermentation and degradation is packaged and processed by the packaging device 7, and the waste gas generated during the fermentation and degradation is treated by the air purification device 6 and then discharged; the on-board food waste treatment system adopts biological aerobic decomposition technology to fully degrade the food waste within 24 hours, and the degradation rate reaches 80% to 90%, and the waste residue is converted into organic fertilizer raw materials or fuels, the discharge time is about one month, and each discharge is about 20kg to 40kg, which realizes the reduction, resource utilization, harmlessness, and on-site treatment of food waste, and there is no secondary pollution to the environment.

[0065] In another embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8As shown, based on the above embodiment, this embodiment provides a shipboard kitchen waste treatment system, comprising: a crushing device 1, a collecting tank 2, a dehydrating device 3, an oil-water separator 4, a garbage treatment device 5, an air purification device 6, a packaging device 7 and a chassis 8. The collecting tank 2 is arranged on the top of the chassis 8, the dehydrating device 3 is arranged inside the chassis 8 and is located at the lower side of the collecting tank 2, the oil-water separator 4 is arranged inside the chassis 8 and is located at the lower side of the dehydrating device 3, the garbage treatment device 5 is arranged inside the chassis 8 and is located on one side of the dehydrating device 3 and the oil-water separator 4, the vacuum pump 33 and the drainage pump 34 are arranged inside the chassis 8 and are located at the lower side of the dehydrating device 3 and one side of the oil-water separator 4; the chassis 8 is also provided with a control box 81, which is respectively connected to the vacuum pump 33, the dehydrating device 3, the oil-water separator 4, the garbage treatment device 5, the air purification device 6, and the drainage pump 34 to control their working states.

[0066] Specifically, Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the crushing device 1 includes: a box body 11, a crusher 12, and a flushing assembly 13. The box body 11 is provided with a box opening 111 for collecting food waste, the crusher 12 is arranged inside the box body 11, and the feed port of the crusher 12 is connected to the box opening 111 for crushing the food waste. The flushing assembly 13 is connected to the crusher 12 and is used to flush water to keep the crushed food waste fluid. The collection tank 2 is connected to the crusher 12 through a vacuum pipeline 21, and is used to collect the crushed food waste. The vacuum pipeline 21 is provided with a vacuum pump 33. The box body 11 is a square hollow structure, the box opening 111 is arranged on the top wall of the box body 11, and a box cover 112 is arranged above the box opening 111. One side of the box cover 112 is rotatably connected to the box body 11 through a hinge, and the other side of the box cover 112 is connected to the box body 11 through an electromagnetic lock. The controller 15 can be a device with control function such as a control box, a PLC, a circuit board, etc. The electromagnetic lock is connected to the controller 15. When the pulverizer is working, the controller 15 controls the electromagnetic lock to lock the box cover 112. The box body 11 is also provided with an electromagnetic induction switch, which is arranged between the box body 11 and the box cover 112 and connected to the pulverizer 12. When the box cover 112 is in an open state, the electromagnetic induction switch is closed to stop the pulverizer 12. The box body 11 has a dual protection function. During the operation of the pulverizer 12, the electromagnetic lock on the box cover 112 will close to maintain a suction force of 60kg. At the same time, once the box cover 112 is opened, the electromagnetic induction switch will be disconnected, and the pulverizer 12 will not be able to continue to operate. The pulverizer 12 can only operate when the box cover 112 is closed. The dual protection function makes the use of the pulverizer 12 safer.

[0067] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the pulverizer 12 includes a feed hopper 121, a pulverizing chamber 122, a discharge hopper 123, a drive motor 124 and a pair of rollers 125. The two ends of the pulverizing chamber 122 are respectively connected to the feed hopper 121 and the discharge hopper 123. The feed port is arranged at the upper end of the feed hopper 123. The pair of rollers 125 are arranged in the pulverizing chamber 122. The right ends of the pair of rollers 125 respectively penetrate the pulverizing chamber 122 and are drive-connected to the drive motor 124. The lower end of the discharge hopper 123 is connected to the collection tank 2 through a vacuum pipeline 21. The pulverizer 12 adopts a double-shaft pulverizer. The working parts of the pulverizer 12 are a pair of rollers 125 that rotate relatively. The rollers 125 are equipped with gear teeth arranged in a spiral. After entering the pulverizer 12, the material is bitten and sheared by the gear teeth made of high hardness and wear-resistant materials that rotate in an interlaced manner, and is split, crushed and crushed into pieces below the set size and then forced out of the machine. The roller 125 is driven by a motor through a reducer and has a large torque. When encountering a difficult-to-break object, it will automatically reverse under the control of the controller 15, and then reverse forward and backward again. If it still cannot be broken, an alarm will be issued to remind manual processing. The vacuum pump 33 is a water ring vacuum pump. The vacuum degree of the vacuum pipeline 21 is 0.4-0.6 bar when it is working. The vacuum pump 33 starts when it is lower than 0.4 bar, and shuts down when it is higher than 0.6 bar. The pressure value displayed by the pressure sensor can be directly seen through the observation window. A pneumatic pinch valve 212 is also provided on the vacuum pipeline 21, and the pneumatic pinch valve 212 is arranged in the box body 11. The pneumatic pinch valve 212 opens and closes by squeezing the rubber in the valve with compressed air, and there will be no jamming like a ball valve. When the control medium is not input, the cavity between the rubber sleeve and the valve body is connected to the atmosphere, and the rubber sleeve is in an outward tension state due to the fluid pressure.

[0068] The crushing chamber 122 is also provided with a one-way suction valve 14 to prevent vacuum from being generated inside the crusher 12 during the suction process, which causes the box cover 112 to be unable to be opened. The flushing assembly 13 includes a flushing pipe 131 and a flushing valve 132. The flushing pipe 131 is connected to the feed hopper 121. The flushing valve 132 is arranged on the flushing pipe 131 and connected to the controller 15. The controller 15 controls the opening and closing of the flushing valve 132. When the crusher 12 is running, the internal flushing valve 132 will also be opened to ensure the fluidity of the kitchen waste, which can be smoothly collected by vacuum. After pressing the stop button, the crusher 12 will not be closed immediately, the electromagnetic lock will maintain suction for 10s, the flushing valve 132 will remain open for 3s, and then the discharge valve on the vacuum pipeline 21 will be opened for another 6s. After all the internal residues are discharged, the electromagnetic lock will fail and the box cover 112 can be opened. The discharge valve provided on the vacuum line 21 is used to discharge the flowing kitchen waste, and its cyclic opening and closing design is to make the vacuum reach between 0.4 and 0.6 bar to generate sufficient suction. The flushing valve 132 is an electromagnetic flushing valve, which is an electrical device that can automatically replenish water to the grinder. During the crushing process, the electromagnetic flushing valve is used to replenish water to the grinder to ensure lubrication and flush the inner wall of the grinder. After the crushing is completed, the waste residue mixture is discharged into the collection tank 2 through vacuum.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, the collecting tank 2 includes a first collecting tank 22 and a second collecting tank 23, the vacuum pipeline 21 is connected to the first collecting tank 22, the first collecting tank 22 and the second collecting tank 23 are connected through the first pipeline, a first pinch valve 221 is arranged on the first pipeline, the second collecting tank 23 is connected to the garbage disposal device 5 through the second pipeline, and a second pinch valve 231 is arranged on the second pipeline. The first pinch valve 221 is normally open, the second pinch valve 231 is normally closed, and a baffle is arranged in the first collecting tank 22, and a plurality of air holes are arranged on the baffle to prevent debris from entering the vacuum pump 33. The crushed food waste will enter the second collecting tank 23 after being discharged through the discharge valve, and then the first pinch valve 221 is closed while the second pinch valve 231 is opened, and the pinch valve behind the crushing device is closed, and the food waste no longer enters the vacuum pipeline, so that the food waste in the second collecting tank 23 is discharged into the garbage disposal device 5, and the vacuum in the vacuum pipeline 21 and the first collecting tank 22 is maintained. After discharge, the first pinch valve 221 is opened and the second pinch valve 231 is closed, so that the second collection tank 23 is filled with vacuum again, and then the next discharge is carried out. The discharge valve and the first pinch valve 221 and the second pinch valve 231 are all pinch valves dedicated to the kitchen waste system. They are opened and closed by squeezing the rubber in the valve with compressed air, and there will be no stuck situation like the ball valve. After the crushing device stops working, the pinch valve on the rear side of the crushing device will open, discharge the remaining kitchen waste, and then close.

[0070] The dehydration device 3 can be an elliptical dehydrator, which uses a unique self-cleaning filter slot principle to deliver the crushed food waste 10 into the garbage disposal device 5 while dehydrating.

[0071] The oil-water separator 4 includes a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber arranged side by side in sequence. The first chamber is connected to the dehydration device 3, one side of the lower end of the second chamber is connected to the first chamber, and the other side of the lower end of the second chamber is connected to the third chamber. The upper side of the first chamber and the upper side of the second chamber are respectively provided with an oil discharge port 41, and the lower side of the third chamber is provided with a drain port 42. The oil-water separator 4 is provided with heating and automatic discharge functions. When the temperature drops below 30 degrees, the heating rod will automatically work, and when the temperature exceeds 30 degrees, the heating rod will automatically stop. When the high liquid level is reached in the third chamber, the drainage pump 34 will automatically start to discharge oil-free sewage 43, and the drainage pump will automatically stop when the low liquid level is reached. The first chamber and the second chamber are provided with electromagnetic discharge valves for controlling the discharge of oil pollution 44. When the discharge button is pressed when the oil pollution 44 needs to be discharged, the discharge valve will automatically open for 30 seconds to discharge the oil pollution 44. The oil-free wastewater 43 is recycled or discharged into the sea after being treated by the wastewater treatment device 45, and the oily wastewater 44 is packed and stored in the collection box 46. The third chamber is equipped with a high liquid level sensor and a low liquid level sensor, and a liquid level gauge is arranged outside the chamber. The liquid level height can be directly seen through the observation window to avoid discharge pump failure.

[0072] The garbage disposal device 5 includes a fermentation chamber and a stirrer, a heater, a humidifier, an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe arranged inside the fermentation chamber. The fermentation chamber is connected to the dehydration device 3, and is used to add bacteria to ferment the solid residue 31. The stirrer is used to stir the solid residue 31. The heater is used to keep the fermentation chamber at a preset temperature. The humidifier is used to keep the fermentation chamber at a preset humidity. The air inlet pipe is used to keep the oxygen content of the fermentation chamber within a preset range. The exhaust pipe is used to discharge the waste gas generated during fermentation and degradation. The fermented residual garbage is discharged through the discharge port 82. The crushed kitchen waste 10 will enter the garbage disposal device 5 after vacuum collection and dehydration. The garbage disposal device 5 is an aerobic composting device that adds high-efficiency bacteria, uses microbial fermentation technology, cultivates a high-temperature aerobic microbial composite flora, and degrades and ferments organic waste (kitchen, garden, fruits and vegetables, etc.) through biochemical reactions. The fixed residue 31 is fed into the fermentation and degradation chamber by a vacuum pump 33, and composite bacteria are added to the chamber. The garbage undergoes chemical reactions under stirring, heating, oxygen supply and other conditions. After a period of time (3-24 hours), the food waste is fully decomposed and discharged once every 20 to 30 days, with a discharge weight of about 20 to 40 kg. The heating rod inside the garbage disposal device 5 controls the temperature to maximize the efficiency of the bacterial community. At the same time, the air intake fan and the exhaust fan control the humidity in the biochemical chamber. All components are connected to the control box 81, which controls the operation of each component. The control box 81 can be a PLC control system.

[0073] The air purification device 6 includes: an alkali cleaning chamber, an oxidation chamber, a photolysis chamber and a plasma chamber. The alkali cleaning chamber is connected to the exhaust pipe to remove hydrogen sulfide, low-grade fatty acids and some oils in the waste gas; the oxidation chamber is connected to the alkali cleaning chamber to remove reducing substances in the waste gas; the photolysis chamber is connected to the oxidation chamber to crack the waste gas by strong ultraviolet light with a short wavelength of 185nm, break the molecular chain, and generate a large amount of ozone to oxidize the waste gas; the plasma chamber is connected to the photolysis chamber to generate high-density high-energy active oxygen to treat the waste gas by a special pulse discharge method of high-frequency and high-voltage static electricity. Aerobic microbial treatment of kitchen waste, generally the odor components are mainly organic substances such as methyl mercaptan, dimethyl disulfide, methyl sulfide, acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, limonene and inorganic substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. This embodiment adopts a combined treatment process of "alkali cleaning + oxidation cleaning + photolysis + plasma". The chemical washing process uses an irreversible chemical reaction between the odor components and the main components of the chemical liquid to generate new odorless substances to achieve the purpose of deodorization. Alkaline washing is suitable for removing acidic malodorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, low-level fatty acids and some oils and fats, and neutralizing, saponifying and emulsifying them; oxidants can remove reducing pollutants in waste gas. In order to completely remove various malodorous substances in waste gas, multi-stage chemical washing in series is usually used for deodorization. Photolysis treats waste gas based on the principle of ultraviolet cold combustion, that is, UV+O3. The strong ultraviolet short-wave 185nm wavelength is used to crack the waste gas molecules, break the molecular chain, and generate a large amount of ozone to oxidize the waste gas. Plasma deodorization technology uses a special pulse discharge method of high-frequency and high-voltage static electricity to produce high-density high-energy active oxygen (a transitional state oxygen between oxygen molecules and ozone). Through the extremely strong oxidizing ability of active oxygen, it inhibits the activity of bacteria and viruses, eliminates odors, and increases the freshness of the air.

[0074] The packaging device 7 is a vacuum packaging device, which includes a heat sealer and a vacuum device. The residual garbage after fermentation and degradation is put into a plastic bag with a one-way valve. After the heat sealer seals the plastic bag, the vacuum device is connected to the one-way valve through a vacuum pipeline and the inside of the plastic bag is evacuated to a vacuum.

[0075] In the present invention, microbial degradation is used to render the kitchen waste harmless and reduce its volume, so the kitchen waste can be effectively treated. The modular design allows the entire system to have a smaller footprint and lighter weight. Finally, the entire system collects the kitchen waste through vacuum, which is more convenient. The odor of the garbage is also treated by spraying with chemicals and photo-oxidation, so no odor pollution is generated.

[0076] In another embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8As shown, based on the above embodiment, this embodiment provides a method for treating food waste on board, comprising: placing food waste 10 into a pulverizing device 1 for pulverizing; sending the pulverized food waste 10 into a collecting tank 2 through a vacuum pipeline 21; sending the food waste 10 in the collecting tank 2 into a dehydrating device 3 for dehydration to obtain solid residue 31 and oily wastewater 32; treating the oily wastewater 32 with an oil-water separator 4 to obtain oil-free wastewater 43 and oily waste 44, the oil-free wastewater 43 is recycled or discharged into the sea after being treated by a wastewater treatment device 45, and the oily wastewater 44 is placed in a collecting box 46 for packaging and storage; fermenting and degrading the solid residue 31 with a waste treatment device 5; removing waste gas generated during fermentation and degradation with an air purification device 6 through alkali washing, oxidation, photolysis and plasma; and compressing and packaging the residual waste after fermentation and degradation with a packaging device 7.

[0077] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0078] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A food waste treatment system on board, characterized in that: include: A crushing device, used for crushing the food waste; A collecting tank, connected to the pulverizing device through a vacuum pipeline, for collecting the pulverized food waste, wherein a vacuum pump is provided on the vacuum pipeline; A dehydration device, connected to the collection tank, for dehydrating the food waste in the collection tank to obtain solid residues and oily wastewater; An oil-water separator, connected to the dehydration device, for treating the oily wastewater and collecting wastewater generated by the vacuum pump and the air purification device; A drainage pump, connected to the oil-water separator, for discharging the separated oil-free sewage to a sewage treatment device; A garbage treatment device, connected to the dehydration device, for fermenting and degrading the solid residue; An air purification device, connected to the garbage treatment device, for removing waste gas generated during the fermentation and degradation; A packaging device, connected to the garbage treatment device, wherein the packaging device is a vacuum packaging device, and is used to package and treat the residual garbage after fermentation and degradation; The air purification device comprises: an alkali washing chamber, connected to the exhaust pipe of the garbage treatment device, for removing hydrogen sulfide, low-level fatty acids and part of grease from the waste gas discharged from the exhaust pipe; an oxidation chamber, connected to the alkali cleaning chamber, for removing reducing substances in the exhaust gas; A photolysis chamber, connected to the oxidation chamber, is used to crack the waste gas by strong ultraviolet light with a short wavelength of 185nm to break the molecular chain and generate a large amount of ozone to oxidize the waste gas; The plasma chamber is connected to the photolysis chamber and is used to generate high-density high-energy active oxygen to treat the exhaust gas through a special pulse discharge method of high-frequency and high-voltage static electricity.

2. The onboard food waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing device comprises: A box body, wherein the box body is provided with a box opening for collecting the kitchen waste; A pulverizer is arranged inside the box, the feed port of the pulverizer is connected to the box port, and is used to pulverize the food waste; The flushing component is connected to the pulverizer and is used for flushing water to keep the pulverized kitchen waste fluid.

3. The onboard food waste treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box body is also provided with a box cover, an electromagnetic lock and an electromagnetic induction switch, the box cover is arranged at the box opening, one side of the box cover is rotatably connected to the box body through a hinge, and the other side of the box cover is connected to the box body through the electromagnetic lock, the electromagnetic lock is connected to the pulverizer, when the pulverizer is started, the electromagnetic lock is automatically sucked in, when the pulverizer is turned off, the electromagnetic lock is opened after a preset delay, the electromagnetic induction switch is arranged between the box body and the box cover, and is connected to the pulverizer, when the box cover is in a closed state, the electromagnetic induction switch is closed, so that the pulverizer can be powered on and work normally; The pulverizer includes a feed hopper, a pulverizing chamber, a discharge hopper, a drive motor and a pair of rollers. The two ends of the pulverizing chamber are respectively connected to the feed hopper and the discharge hopper. The feed port is arranged at one end of the feed hopper away from the pulverizing chamber. A pair of rollers are arranged in the pulverizing chamber. One ends of the pair of rollers respectively penetrate the pulverizing chamber and are drive-connected to the drive motor. The end of the discharge hopper away from the pulverizing chamber is connected to the collecting tank through the vacuum pipeline, and the vacuum pipeline is provided with a pinch valve.

4. The onboard food waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Chassis; The collecting tank is arranged on the top of the chassis, the dehydrating device is arranged inside the chassis and located at the lower side of the collecting tank, the oil-water separator is arranged inside the chassis and located at the lower side of the dehydrating device, the garbage disposal device is arranged inside the chassis and located at one side of the dehydrating device and the oil-water separator, and the vacuum pump and the drainage pump are arranged inside the chassis and located at the lower side of the dehydrating device and one side of the oil-water separator; A control box is also provided on the chassis, and the control box is respectively connected to the vacuum pump, the dehydration device, the oil-water separator, the garbage disposal device, the air purification device, and the drainage pump to control their working states.

5. The onboard food waste treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collecting tank includes a first collecting tank and a second collecting tank, the vacuum pipeline is connected to the first collecting tank, the first collecting tank and the second collecting tank are connected through a first pipeline, a first pinch valve is provided on the first pipeline, the second collecting tank is connected to the dehydration device through a second pipeline, and a second pinch valve is provided on the second pipeline.

6. The onboard food waste treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil-water separator includes a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber which are arranged side by side in sequence, the first chamber is connected to the dehydration device, one side of the lower end of the second chamber is communicated with the first chamber, and the other side of the lower end of the second chamber is communicated with the third chamber, the upper side of the first chamber and the upper side of the second chamber are respectively provided with oil drain ports, and the lower side of the third chamber is provided with a water drain port.

7. The onboard food waste treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The garbage disposal device includes a fermentation bin and an agitator, a heater, an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe arranged inside the fermentation bin. The fermentation bin is connected to the dehydration device and is used to add bacteria to ferment the solid residue. The agitator is used to stir the solid residue. The heater is used to maintain a preset temperature in the fermentation bin. The air inlet pipe is used to maintain the oxygen content and humidity of the fermentation bin within a preset range. The exhaust pipe is used to discharge waste gas generated during the fermentation degradation.

8. The onboard food waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum packaging device includes a heat sealer and a vacuum device. The residual garbage after fermentation and degradation is put into a plastic bag with a solenoid valve. After the heat sealer seals the plastic bag, the vacuum device is connected to the solenoid valve through a vacuum pipeline. When the packaging button is pressed to open the solenoid valve, the vacuum device evacuates the interior of the plastic bag to a vacuum, and the plastic bags containing the residual garbage are stacked together.

9. A method applicable to the onboard food waste treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Put the food waste into the crushing device for crushing; The crushed kitchen waste is sent into a collection tank through a vacuum pipeline; Sending the food waste in the collection tank to a dehydration device for dehydration to obtain solid residue and oily wastewater; The oily wastewater is treated with an oil-water separator to obtain oil-free wastewater and oil pollution, the oil-free wastewater is discharged to a sewage treatment device through a drainage pump for treatment and then recycled or discharged into the sea, and the oil pollution is packaged and stored; Using a garbage disposal device to ferment and degrade the solid residue; Using an air purification device to remove waste gas generated during the fermentation and degradation through alkali washing, oxidation, photolysis and plasma; The residual garbage after fermentation and degradation is vacuum packaged by a packaging device.

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