BOP pressure test device and pressure test system

Abstract

The present application relates to a blowout preventer pressure test device and a pressure test system, and belongs to the technical field of blowout preventer pressure test. The blowout preventer pressure test device includes a tubular fixed seat, a pressure test pump and a reducer; the reducer includes a fixed tube and a sliding tube, the length of the fixed tube is greater than the length of the sliding tube, and the sliding tube is sleeved outside the fixed tube and can slide relative to the fixed tube; the liquid inlet of the tubular fixed seat is connected to the pressure test pump, and the fixed tube is connected to the tubular fixed seat; if the size of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested matches the size of the fixed tube, the sliding tube slides to a first position staggered from the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested, so that the edge of the gate fits the outer wall of the fixed tube; if the size of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested matches the size of the sliding tube, the sliding tube slides to a second position opposite to the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested, so that the edge of the gate fits the outer wall of the sliding tube. The use of the present application can improve work efficiency and reduce work intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of blowout preventer pressure testing, and in particular to a blowout preventer pressure testing device and a pressure testing system. Background Art

[0002] A blowout preventer is a device used to close the wellhead during operations such as oil testing, well repair, and well completion to prevent blowout accidents. It is a safety sealing wellhead device commonly used in oil fields to prevent blowouts.

[0003] In order to ensure the good working of the BOP, the BOP needs to be sent back to the well control workshop for maintenance and overhaul periodically. The most important overhaul is to perform a pressure test on it. In the pressure test, the BOP is installed on the pressure test device, and then high-pressure liquid is injected to observe whether the BOP is leaking and the maximum pressure it can withstand.

[0004] The size of the blowout preventer matches the size of the oil pipe, but the sizes of the oil pipes are not of the same specifications. There are large-diameter oil pipes and small-diameter oil pipes. Correspondingly, the gates of the blowout preventer are not of uniform specifications. There are gates that match large-diameter oil pipes and gates that match small-diameter oil pipes.

[0005] Since the gate sizes of the blowout preventers are not uniform, the sizes of the pressure test devices for testing the blowout preventers are also different. Therefore, when the blowout preventer to be tested is pressure tested in the well control workshop, the pressure test device needs to be replaced according to the size of the blowout preventer to be tested. The operation is relatively cumbersome, the work efficiency is low, and the work intensity is high. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a blowout preventer pressure test device and pressure test system, which can overcome the problems existing in the related technology. The technical solution is as follows:

[0007] On the one hand, according to the present application, a blowout preventer pressure test device is provided, the blowout preventer pressure test device comprising a tubular fixing seat, a pressure test pump and a reducer;

[0008] The reducer comprises a fixed tube and a sliding tube, the length of the fixed tube is greater than the length of the sliding tube, and the sliding tube is sleeved outside the fixed tube and can slide relative to the fixed tube;

[0009] The tubular fixing seat has a liquid inlet, the pressure test pump and the liquid inlet are connected through a high-pressure hose, and the bottom of the fixing pipe is connected to the top pipe opening of the tubular fixing seat;

[0010] If the size of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested is matched with the size of the fixed pipe, the sliding pipe is slid to a first position staggered with the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested, so that the edge of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested and the outer wall of the fixed pipe are closely fitted; if the size of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested is matched with the size of the sliding pipe, the sliding pipe is slid to a second position opposite to the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested, so that the edge of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested and the outer wall of the sliding pipe are closely fitted.

[0011] Optionally, the outer wall of the fixed tube has an upward limiting ring and a downward limiting ring;

[0012] The outer diameter of the upward limiting ring and the outer diameter of the downward limiting ring are both larger than the inner diameter of the sliding tube;

[0013] When the sliding tube slides along the fixed tube to the upward limiting ring, the sliding tube is located at the second position; when the sliding tube slides along the fixed tube to the downward limiting ring, the sliding tube is located at the first position.

[0014] Optionally, the inner wall of the sliding tube has at least one annular groove, a sealing ring is installed in the at least one annular groove, and the sealing ring is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the fixed tube.

[0015] Optionally, the sliding tube has a protruding structure to facilitate the operation of the sliding tube to slide along the fixed tube.

[0016] Optionally, the reducer further includes a sealing cover;

[0017] The sealing cover covers the top pipe opening of the fixed pipe.

[0018] Optionally, the tube wall of the fixed tube has a pressure balancing hole.

[0019] Optionally, the reducer further includes an arc-shaped lifting ring, and both ends of the arc-shaped lifting ring are fixed on the fixed tube.

[0020] Optionally, the interior of the tubular fixing seat has a sealing plate between the bottom and the liquid inlet.

[0021] Optionally, the tubular fixing seat includes a first four-way pipe and a second four-way pipe, the bottom of the second four-way pipe is connected to the top of the first four-way pipe, and the liquid inlet is a side pipe port of the second four-way pipe.

[0022] On the other hand, the present application also provides a pressure test system, the pressure test system comprising a blowout preventer to be tested and the blowout preventer pressure test device described above;

[0023] The bottom flange of the blowout preventer to be tested is fixed to the top flange of the tubular fixing seat, and the reducer is located in the chamber of the blowout preventer to be tested;

[0024] If the size of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested is matched with the size of the fixed pipe, the sliding pipe is slid to a first position staggered with the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested, so that the edge of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested and the outer wall of the fixed pipe are closely fitted; if the size of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested is matched with the size of the sliding pipe, the sliding pipe is slid to a second position opposite to the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested, so that the edge of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested and the outer wall of the sliding pipe are closely fitted.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application include at least:

[0026] In the embodiment of the present application, the reducer of the blowout preventer pressure test device includes a fixed tube and a sliding tube. The sliding tube slides along the fixed tube to change the outer diameter of the reducer so as to be suitable for blowout preventers with different gate sizes. Thus, the blowout preventer pressure test device can be used to perform pressure test operations on at least two blowout preventers, thereby reducing the need for technicians to disassemble and assemble the blowout preventer pressure test device in order to adapt to gates of different sizes, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing work intensity.

[0027] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present application. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a pressure test system according to an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reducer according to an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a reducer according to an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a blowout preventer according to an embodiment.

[0033] Legend

[0034] 1. Tubular fixing seat; 11. Liquid inlet; 12. Blocking plate; 13. First four-way pipe; 14. Second four-way pipe; 2. Pressure test pump;

[0035] 3. Reducer; 31. Fixed tube; 32. Sliding tube; 33. Sealing cover; 34. Arc lifting ring;

[0036] 311. Upward limit ring; 312. Downward limit ring; 313. Pressure balance hole; 321. Protruding structure;

[0037] 4. High-pressure hose; 5. BOP; 51. Gate; 52. Chamber.

[0038] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0040] The embodiment of the present application provides a blowout preventer pressure test device, which is used to perform pressure tests on blowout preventers, especially on gate blowout preventers. For example, the gate of an environmental control blowout preventer can be pressure tested. The blowout preventer pressure test device can perform pressure tests on blowout preventers with different gate sizes. For example, it can perform pressure tests on blowout preventers corresponding to oil pipes with an imperial size of 27 / 8", and on blowout preventers corresponding to oil pipes with an imperial size of 31 / 2".

[0041] The blowout preventer pressure test device is used to perform pressure tests on the blowout preventers transported from the production site in the well control workshop to detect whether the blowout prevention effect of the blowout preventer is good. The blowout preventer pressure test device is mainly used to perform pressure tests on environmental control blowout preventers.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, a blowout preventer pressure testing device is installed with a blowout preventer 5 to be tested, wherein the blowout preventer 5 to be tested and the blowout preventer pressure testing device contain high-pressure liquid.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the blowout preventer pressure test device includes a tubular fixing seat 1, a pressure test pump 2 and a reducer 3; Figure 2As shown, the reducer 3 includes a fixed tube 31 and a sliding tube 32. The length of the fixed tube 31 is greater than the length of the sliding tube 32. The sliding tube 32 is sleeved outside the fixed tube 31 and can slide relative to the fixed tube 31. Figure 1 As shown, the tubular fixing seat 1 has a liquid inlet 11 , the pressure test pump 2 and the liquid inlet 11 are connected through a high-pressure hose 4 , and the bottom of the fixing pipe 31 is connected to the top pipe opening of the tubular fixing seat 1 .

[0044] If the size of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested matches the size of the fixed pipe 31, the sliding pipe 32 slides to the first position staggered with the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested, so that the edge of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested and the outer wall of the fixed pipe 31 are closely fitted; if the size of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested matches the size of the sliding pipe 32, the sliding pipe 32 slides to the second position opposite to the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested, so that the edge of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested and the outer wall of the sliding pipe 32 are closely fitted.

[0045] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the sliding tube 32 in the first position. Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the sliding tube 32 in the second position.

[0046] The tubular fixing seat 1 serves as the base of the blowout preventer pressure testing device and is used to fix the reducer 3 and the blowout preventer 5 to be tested.

[0047] The pressure test pump 2 is used to input high-pressure liquid to the blowout preventer 5 to be tested. The input high-pressure liquid may be high-pressure water. The pressure test pump 2 is a plunger pump with a pressure of 0 to 80 MPa.

[0048] The reducer 3 is a steel pipe of the same type as the oil pipe commonly used in the oil wells at the production site, and is used to replace and simulate the oil pipe in the oil wells.

[0049] The reducer 3 slides up and down along the fixed pipe 31 through the sliding pipe 32, so that the outer diameter of the reducer 3 changes to adapt to the gate size of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested.

[0050] In one example, if Figure 1 As shown, the tubular fixing seat 1 and the pressure test pump 2 are both fixed on the ground, the tubular fixing seat 1 has a liquid inlet 11, the pressure test pump 2 and the liquid inlet 11 are connected through a high-pressure hose 4, the bottom flange of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is fixed to the top flange of the tubular fixing seat 1, and the reducer 3 is located in the chamber 52 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested. Figure 4 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blowout preventer 5. The center of the blowout preventer 5 has a chamber 52, which can be referred to as Figure 1 As shown, the chamber 52 passes through the upper shell and the lower shell of the blowout preventer 5.

[0051] The pressure test pump 2 can inject high-pressure liquid into the blowout preventer pressure test device. Since the blowout preventer 5 to be tested and the blowout preventer pressure test device are in a connected state, the high-pressure liquid is located in the blowout preventer 5 to be tested and the blowout preventer pressure test device. The technician can judge the sealing performance of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested by observing whether there is water leakage around the blowout preventer 5 to be tested and whether the value of the pressure gauge on the pressure test pump 2 is in a stable state. The better the sealing performance, the better the blowout prevention effect.

[0052] The sealing performance of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is mainly determined by judging the sealing performance of the joints of the various parts of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested, and the sealing performance of the joints between the gate edge of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested and the outer wall of the reducer 3, especially the sealing performance of the joints between the gate edge and the outer wall of the reducer 3.

[0053] The specific structures of the tubular fixed pipe 1, the pressure test pump 2 and the reducer 3 will be described in detail below.

[0054] The tubular fixed pipe 1 is a tubular structure with a sealed bottom. In order to enable the tubular fixed pipe 1 to bear a higher weight, most of the tubular fixed pipe 1 is fixed underground by cement, and the upper end of the tubular fixed pipe 1 is exposed on the ground to install the blowout preventer 5 to be tested.

[0055] The tubular fixed tube 1 can be any structure having a tubular shape and a sealed bottom that can provide bearing capacity, for example Figure 1 The cross-way pipe shown may be a cross-way pipe, and the bottom pipe opening of the cross-way pipe is sealed, the top pipe opening is used to connect with the reducer 3, a side pipe opening is used as a liquid inlet 11 to connect with the pressure test pump 2, and the other side pipe opening can be sealed by a valve.

[0056] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the tubular fixing seat 1 may include two cross-tubes, one of which serves as a basic base and the other as a pressure test base. The two cross-tubes may be respectively recorded as a first cross-tube 13 and a second cross-tube 14. The first cross-tube 13 may serve as a basic base, with most of it being located underground in cement, with a small portion of the top exposed above the cement floor. The second cross-tube 14 may serve as a pressure test base, connected to the pressure test pump 2. Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the second four-way pipe 14 is connected to the top of the first four-way pipe 13 , and the liquid inlet 11 of the tubular fixing seat 1 is a side pipe opening of the second four-way pipe 14 .

[0057] In one example, if Figure 1 As shown, a gate can be installed at each of the two side pipe openings of the second four-way pipe 14, and a clamp head is connected to each outer end of the gate. One of the side pipe openings of the second four-way pipe 14 is used as a liquid inlet 11 and is connected to the pressure test pump 2 through a high-pressure hose 4.

[0058] Among them, the high-pressure hose 4 connected between the second four-way pipe 14 and the pressure test pump 2 is a variety of hoses that can withstand 35 MPa. One end is connected to the pressure test pump 2, and the other end is connected to the clamp head at the outer end of the gate on the side pipe outlet of the second four-way pipe 14.

[0059] In order to seal the area below the liquid inlet 11 of the tubular fixing seat 1 to ensure the sealing performance of the blowout preventer pressure test device, accordingly, Figure 1 As shown, the tubular fixing seat 1 has a sealing plate 12 at a position between the bottom and the liquid inlet 11. The sealing plate 12 can be a pressure-bearing steel plate that can withstand high pressure. The sealing plate 12 can be welded to the inside of the tubular fixing seat 1, for example, Figure 1 As shown, the blocking plate 12 can be welded at a position close to the top pipe opening of the first four-way pipe 13.

[0060] In order to observe whether the internal pressure of the pressure test system changes during the pressure test, a pressure gauge can be installed in the pressure test system. For example, a pressure gauge can be installed at the pressure test pump 2, and a pressure gauge can also be installed on the blowout preventer pressure test device. During the pressure test, if the floating value of the pressure gauge is within the set range, it can be considered that the sealing performance of the blowout preventer to be tested is good, and if the floating value of the pressure gauge exceeds the set range, it can be considered that the sealing performance of the blowout preventer to be tested is relatively poor and needs to be repaired.

[0061] In one example, in order to improve the safety of the pressure test, the pressure test system can be located in a sealed environment, in which there is a camera facing the blowout preventer pressure test device and the pressure gauge. The technician only needs to watch the image data collected by the camera in the control room to check the status of the blowout preventer to be tested and the changes in the pressure gauge.

[0062] The above is an introduction to the tubular fixing seat 1 and the pressure test pump 2. The specific structure of the reducer 3 will be introduced below.

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, the reducer 3 includes a fixed pipe 31 and a sliding pipe 32, wherein the inner diameter of the sliding pipe 32 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the fixed pipe 31, so that the sliding pipe 32 can be sleeved on the fixed pipe 31. The length of the sliding pipe 32 is smaller than the length of the fixed pipe 31, so that the sliding pipe 32 can slide up and down along the fixed pipe 31 to different positions. The reducer 3 realizes the change of its outer diameter by the sliding pipe 32 sliding up and down on the fixed pipe 31, so as to adapt to the blowout preventers with different gate sizes.

[0064] The size of the fixed pipe 31 is compatible with the size of a gate of a blowout preventer. For example, the outer diameter of the fixed pipe 31 is equivalent to the diameter of a gate of a blowout preventer, and the gate of the blowout preventer is suitable for a small-sized oil pipe. For example, the size of the fixed pipe 31 is compatible with a gate of 27 / 8".

[0065] The size of the sliding tube 32 is adapted to the size of a gate of another blowout preventer. For example, the outer diameter of the sliding tube 32 is equivalent to the diameter of the gate of the blowout preventer, and the gate of the blowout preventer is suitable for a large-sized oil pipe. For example, the size of the sliding tube 32 is adapted to a gate of 31 / 2".

[0066] In one example, the fixed pipe 31 of the reducer 3 is connected to the top pipe opening of the tubular fixing seat 1, for example, Figure 1 As shown, the second four-way pipe 14 has an oil pipe hanger 141 at the top pipe opening, the interior of the oil pipe hanger 141 has internal threads, and the outer wall at the bottom pipe opening of the fixed pipe 31 has external threads, so that the fixed pipe 31 can be threadedly connected to the oil pipe hanger 141.

[0067] In one example, during the pressure test of the blowout preventer to be tested, the blowout preventer pressure test device needs to be in a sealed state, and accordingly, the top of the fixed pipe 31 is in a sealed state. Accordingly, one way may be that the fixed pipe 31 is a tubular structure with a sealed top and an open bottom. Another way may be, for example Figure 2 As shown, the reducer 3 further includes a sealing cover 33, which can cover the top pipe opening of the fixed pipe 31. For example, the sealing cover 33 has an internal thread, and the top pipe opening of the fixed pipe 31 has an external thread, and the sealing cover 33 is connected to the top pipe opening of the fixed pipe 31 through threads.

[0068] As described above, the bottom pipe opening of the fixed pipe 31 is connected to the top pipe opening of the second four-way pipe 14 of the tubular fixing seat 1. Accordingly, in order to facilitate placing the relatively long fixed pipe 31 at the top pipe opening of the second four-way pipe 14, accordingly, Figure 2 As shown, the reducer 3 may further include an arc-shaped lifting ring 34 , and both ends of the arc-shaped lifting ring 34 are located at the top of the fixed tube 31 .

[0069] For example, in one case, the top of the fixed tube 31 is sealed, then both ends of the arc-shaped lifting ring 34 can be fixed to the top outer end surface of the fixed tube 31. For another example, in another case, the top of the fixed tube 31 is open, and a sealing cover 33 is installed on the top of the fixed tube 31. Figure 2 As shown, both ends of the arc-shaped lifting ring 34 can be fixed on the top outer end surface of the sealing cover 33.

[0070] The present embodiment does not limit the specific fixing position of the arc-shaped lifting ring 34 , as long as it can be connected to the fixing tube 31 .

[0071] In one example, when installing the reducer 3 on the tubular fixing seat 1, the electric hoist in the well control workshop can be used to lift the arc-shaped lifting ring 34 and place the reducer 3 on the top of the tubular fixing seat 1. Then, the technician or the electric hoist can hold the arc-shaped lifting ring 34 to rotate the fixing pipe 31 so that the bottom pipe opening of the fixing pipe 31 is installed at the top pipe opening of the tubular fixing seat 1.

[0072] After the reducer 3 is installed on the tubular fixing seat 1, a certain position range of the fixing pipe 31 is opposite to the position of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested, and this position range can be called the target position range.

[0073] Before the technician puts the chamber 52 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested outside the reducer 3, it is necessary to adjust the position of the sliding pipe 32 of the reducer 3 according to the diameter of the gate of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested. If the diameter of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is equivalent to the outer diameter of the fixed pipe 31, the sliding pipe 32 is moved away from the target position range so as not to prevent the edge of the gate 51 from fitting with the outer wall of the fixed pipe 31. For example, the sliding pipe 32 can be slid to the first position, such as Figure 2 As shown, the position of the sliding tube 32 can be referred to as a first position.

[0074] The first position is a position outside the target position range.

[0075] For example, if the size of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is 27 / 8", then the sliding pipe 32 is moved away from the target position, as shown in the following figure. Figure 2 shown.

[0076] If the diameter of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is equal to the outer diameter of the sliding tube 32, the sliding tube 32 is moved to the target position so that the edge of the gate 51 and the outer diameter of the sliding tube 32 can fit together. In this case, the position of the sliding tube 32 can be called the second position, which can be referred to as Figure 3 shown.

[0077] The second position is a position within the target position range.

[0078] For example, if the size of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is 31 / 2", then the sliding pipe 32 is moved to the target position range, as shown in the following figure. Figure 3 shown.

[0079] After adjusting the position of the sliding tube 32 on the fixed tube 31 according to the size of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested, the technicians sleeve the chamber 52 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested on the outside of the reducer 3, and fix the top flange of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested on the top flange of the second cross-way pipe 14. After that, the two gates 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested can be rotated, and both gates 51 move toward the central axis of the chamber 52 and are stuck on the outer wall of the reducer 3, for example, on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31, or on the outer wall of the sliding tube 32.

[0080] Next, the technician can start the pressure test pump 2 and use the pressure test pump 2 to pressurize the blowout preventer 5 to be tested to the standard. If the pressure is stable, it means that the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is qualified. Then, the pressure test pump 2 can be controlled to release the pressure to 0, and then the left and right gates of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested are opened, and the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is removed from the blowout preventer pressure test device, completing the pressure test operation of the blowout preventer to be tested.

[0081] It can be seen that by sliding the sliding pipe 32 along the fixed pipe 31, the blowout preventer pressure test device can be used to perform pressure test operations on at least two blowout preventers, thereby reducing the need for technicians to disassemble and assemble the blowout preventer pressure test device in order to adapt to gates of different sizes, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing work intensity.

[0082] Since the sizes of the commonly used oil pipes have two models, the sizes of the gates of the commonly used blowout preventers also have two models. Therefore, the number of the sliding pipe 32 of the reducer 3 can be one. In this way, the blowout preventer pressure test device can perform pressure test on the blowout preventer where the gate with an outer diameter equivalent to that of the fixed pipe 31 is located, and can also perform pressure test on the blowout preventer where the gate with an outer diameter equivalent to that of the sliding pipe 32 is located.

[0083] It should be noted that the outer diameter of the sliding tube 32 is smaller than the inner diameter of the chamber 52 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested, so that the chamber 52 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested can be sleeved on the reducer 3, that is, so that the reducer 3 can be located in the chamber 52.

[0084] Among them, except for the pressure test pump 2 and the high-pressure hose 4, the other parts of the blowout preventer pressure test device can be subjected to overall anti-corrosion treatment to ensure the safety and sealing of the blowout preventer pressure test device.

[0085] In another example, the blowout preventer pressure test device can test the pressure of blowout preventers of more sizes. Accordingly, there are multiple sliding pipes 32, and the multiple sliding pipes 32 correspond to blowout preventers of various sizes. A commonly used sliding pipe among the multiple sliding pipes 32 is sleeved on the fixed pipe 31, and the remaining sliding pipes can be used as spares. When testing blowout preventers of different sizes, only the sliding pipe 32 needs to be replaced. Compared with disassembling the blowout preventer pressure test device, it can obviously greatly reduce the work intensity and work time.

[0086] In order to avoid the situation that the technicians adjust the position of the sliding tube 32 inaccurately, one way is to mark the position of the fixed tube 31 for the technicians to check. Another way is to set an upward limit structure and a downward limit structure on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31 so that the sliding tube 32 can slide between the upward limit structure and the downward limit structure.

[0087] The upward limiting structure and the downward limiting structure may be a protruding structure provided on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31 , or may be an annular structure sleeved on the fixed tube 31 , etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0088] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer wall of the fixed tube 31 has an upward limit ring 311 and a downward limit ring 312; the outer diameter of the upward limit ring 311 and the outer diameter of the downward limit ring 312 are both larger than the inner diameter of the sliding tube 32; when the sliding tube 32 slides along the fixed tube 31 to the upward limit ring 311, the sliding tube 32 is located at the second position; when the sliding tube 32 slides along the fixed tube 31 to the downward limit ring 312, the sliding tube 32 is located at the first position.

[0089] The sizes of the upward limiting ring 311 and the downward limiting ring 312 may be the same or different, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0090] In one example, the upward limiting ring 311 can be non-detachably mounted on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31, for example, it can be welded on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31. In another example, the upward limiting ring 311 can be detachably mounted on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31, for example, the upward limiting ring 311 is a rubber ring that can be detachably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31.

[0091] Similarly, the downward limiting ring 312 can be non-detachably mounted on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31, for example, it can be welded on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31. In another example, the downward limiting ring 312 can be detachably mounted on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31, for example, the downward limiting ring 312 is a rubber ring that can be detachably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31.

[0092] The upward limiting ring 312 is detachably mounted on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31 , so that the sliding tubes 32 can be easily replaced in case of multiple sliding tubes 32 .

[0093] In this way, before the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is installed on the tubular fixing seat 1, the size of the sliding tube 32 can be adjusted according to the size of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested. For example, if the inner diameter of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested is equivalent to the outer diameter of the fixing tube 31, the sliding tube 32 can be slid to the downward limit ring 312; if the inner diameter of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested is equivalent to the outer diameter of the sliding tube 32, the sliding tube 32 can be slid to the upward limit ring 311.

[0094] Among them, this embodiment does not limit the distance between the upward limit ring 311 and the downward limit ring 312, and can meet the following requirements: when the sliding tube 32 slides to the upward limit ring 311, the edge of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested can be completely and tightly fitted with the outer wall of the sliding tube 32; when the sliding tube 32 slides to the downward limit ring 312, the edge of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested can be completely and tightly fitted with the outer wall of the fixed tube 31.

[0095] After the position of the sliding tube 32 on the fixed tube 31 is adjusted, in order to stabilize the sliding tube 32 on the fixed tube 31, the inner diameter of the sliding tube 32 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the fixed tube 31, so that the sliding tube 32 can stay at any position of the fixed tube 31 by friction.

[0096] In order to make the sliding tube 32 stay stably at the adjusted position, the inner wall of the sliding tube 32 has at least one annular groove, and a sealing ring is installed in at least one annular groove. The sealing ring and the outer wall of the fixed tube 31 fit tightly.

[0097] The depth of the annular groove is less than the thickness of the sealing ring, so that a part of the sealing ring is located in the annular groove, and the other part extends out of the annular groove and fits tightly with the outer wall of the fixed tube 31. In this way, the sliding tube 32 can be stably stayed at any position between the upward limiting ring 311 and the downward limiting ring 312 through the friction between the sealing ring and the fixed tube 31.

[0098] It can be seen that the sealing ring can be used to provide sealing on the one hand, and on the other hand, can be used to increase the friction between the sliding tube 32 and the fixed tube 31 , so that the sliding tube 32 can stably stay at any position of the fixed tube 31 .

[0099] In one example, in order to facilitate technicians to operate the sliding tube 32 to slide on the fixed tube 31 , the sliding tube 32 has a protruding structure 321 , so that the technicians can grasp the protruding structure 321 to operate the sliding tube 32 to slide along the fixed tube 31 .

[0100] The protruding structure 321 is a radially protruding structure, which may be a convex block or an annular structure, etc. It may be located on the outer wall of the sliding tube 32 or at the bottom tube opening of the sliding tube 32 .

[0101] For example, the protruding structure 321 is welded at any position of the outer wall of the sliding tube 32. For another example, the protruding structure 321 is an annular structure, and the top end surface of the protruding structure 321 is welded to the bottom end surface of the sliding tube 32.

[0102] The present embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the protruding structure 321 and the specific position on the sliding tube 32 , and only requires that a technician can grasp and operate the sliding tube 32 .

[0103] In one example, the high-pressure liquid is only outside the fixed tube 31, and there will be a pressure imbalance between the inside and outside of the fixed tube 31, resulting in deformation of the fixed tube 31. Figure 2 As shown, a pressure balance hole 313 can be provided on the tube wall of the fixed tube 31. In this way, the pressure between the inner tube and the outer tube of the fixed tube 31 can reach a balanced state through the pressure balance hole 313, thereby protecting the fixed tube 31.

[0104] In order to prevent the pressure balance hole 313 from being blocked by the sliding tube 32, the pressure balance hole 313 can be located between the bottom pipe opening of the fixed tube 31 and the downward limit ring 312, or the pressure balance hole 313 can be located between the installation position of the sealing cover 33 of the fixed tube 31 and the upward limit ring 311. Figure 2 As shown, the pressure balance hole 313 is located between the bottom pipe opening of the fixed pipe 31 and the downward limiting ring 312 .

[0105] Based on the above, the assembly process of the blowout preventer pressure test device can be as follows: Figure 1 As shown, most of the first four-way pipe 13 is fixed in the cement ground, and a small part extends out of the cement ground. For example, two-thirds of the first four-way pipe 13 is fixed in the cement ground, and one-third is located on the ground. The bottom flange of the second four-way pipe 14 is fixed on the top flange of the first four-way pipe 13. A side pipe opening of the second four-way pipe 14 serves as the liquid inlet 11 of the tubular fixing seat 1, and is connected to the liquid outlet of the pressure test pump 2 through a high-pressure hose. The pressure test pump 2 also has a pressure gauge.

[0106] Then, use an electric hoist to hang the arc lifting ring 34 of the reducer 3, place the reducer 3 at the top pipe opening of the second four-way pipe 14, and then rotate the reducer 3 so that the fixed pipe 31 of the reducer 3 can be installed at the top pipe opening of the second four-way pipe 14.

[0107] After the assembly of the blowout preventer pressure test device is completed, in the subsequent pressure test of the blowout preventer, there is no need to disassemble the blowout preventer pressure test device, and only the sliding pipe 32 needs to be operated to slide on the fixed pipe 31, or the sliding pipe 32 needs to be replaced.

[0108] For example, when the technician uses the blowout preventer pressure test device to test the blowout preventer, he first determines whether the inner diameter of the gate of the blowout preventer to be tested is equivalent to the outer diameter of the fixed pipe 31, the outer diameter of the sliding pipe 32, or the outer diameter of the spare sliding pipe. If the inner diameter of the gate is equivalent to the outer diameter of the fixed pipe 31, such as Figure 2 As shown, the sliding tube 32 is slid to the lower limit ring 312, so that when the left and right gates are closed, the gate rubber strip can be sealed on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31. If the inner diameter of the gate is equivalent to the outer diameter of the sliding tube 32, such as Figure 3 As shown, the sliding tube 32 is slid to the upward stop ring 311, so that when the left and right gates are closed, the gate rubber strip can be sealed on the outer wall of the sliding tube 32. If the inner diameter of the gate is equivalent to the outer diameter of the spare sliding tube, the sliding tube 32 currently sleeved on the fixed tube 31 is unloaded, and then the spare sliding tube is sleeved on the fixed tube 31, and then the spare sliding tube is slid to the upward stop ring 311, so that when the left and right gates are closed, the gate rubber strip can be sealed on the outer wall of the spare sliding tube 32.

[0109] After the blowout preventer to be tested is installed on the top of the second four-way pipe 14 of the tubular fixing seat 1, the technician can operate the pressure test pump 2 in the control room to control the pressure test pump 2 to pressurize the blowout preventer pressure test device to the standard. The technician in the control room judges the blowout prevention effect of the blowout preventer to be tested by the indication of the pressure gauge collected by the camera and the water leakage around the blowout preventer 5 to be tested collected by the camera. For example, if the pressure value of the pressure gauge is stable, the blowout prevention effect of the blowout preventer to be tested is qualified, and if the pressure value of the pressure gauge is unstable, the blowout prevention effect of the blowout preventer to be tested is unqualified.

[0110] Then, the pressure test pump 2 can be controlled to release the pressure to 0, and then the left and right gates of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested are opened, and the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is removed from the blowout preventer pressure test device to complete the pressure test operation of the blowout preventer to be tested.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present application, the reducer of the blowout preventer pressure test device includes a fixed tube and a sliding tube. The sliding tube slides along the fixed tube to change the outer diameter of the reducer so as to be suitable for blowout preventers with different gate sizes. Thus, the blowout preventer pressure test device can be used to perform pressure test operations on at least two blowout preventers, thereby reducing the need for technicians to disassemble and assemble the blowout preventer pressure test device in order to adapt to gates of different sizes, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing work intensity.

[0112] The embodiment of the present application further provides a pressure testing system, which includes a blowout preventer 5 to be tested and the blowout preventer pressure testing device described above.

[0113] like Figure 1 As shown, the bottom flange of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is fixed to the top flange of the tubular fixing seat 1, and the reducer 3 is located in the chamber 52 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested; if the size of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is matched with the size of the fixed pipe 31, the edge of the gate of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested and the outer wall of the fixed pipe 31 of the reducer 3 are tightly fitted; if the size of the gate 51 of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested is matched with the size of the sliding pipe 32, the edge of the gate of the blowout preventer 5 to be tested and the outer wall of the sliding pipe 32 of the reducer 3 are tightly fitted.

[0114] The assembly process of the pressure test system, the process of installing the blowout preventer 5 to be tested in the blowout preventer pressure test device, and the process of the pressure test system performing pressure test on the blowout preventer to be tested can be referred to the above description and will not be described in detail here.

[0115] The reducer of the blowout preventer pressure test device in the pressure test system includes a fixed pipe and a sliding pipe. The sliding pipe slides along the fixed pipe to change the outer diameter of the reducer so as to be suitable for blowout preventers with different gate sizes. Thus, the blowout preventer pressure test device can be used to perform pressure test operations on at least two blowout preventers, thereby reducing the time for technicians to disassemble and assemble the blowout preventer pressure test device in order to adapt to gates of different sizes, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing work intensity.

[0116] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A blowout preventer pressure test device, characterized in that: The blowout preventer pressure test device comprises a tubular fixing seat (1), a pressure test pump (2) and a reducer (3); The reducer (3) comprises a fixed tube (31) and a sliding tube (32); the length of the fixed tube (31) is greater than the length of the sliding tube (32); the sliding tube (32) is sleeved outside the fixed tube (31) and can slide relative to the fixed tube (31); the outer wall of the fixed tube (31) has an upward limiting ring (311) and a downward limiting ring (312); the outer diameters of the upward limiting ring (311) and the downward limiting ring (312) are both greater than the inner diameter of the sliding tube (32); The tubular fixing seat (1) has a liquid inlet (11), the pressure test pump (2) and the liquid inlet (11) are connected via a high-pressure hose (4), and the bottom of the fixing pipe (31) is connected to the top pipe opening of the tubular fixing seat (1); If the size of the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested matches the size of the fixed pipe (31), the sliding pipe (32) slides to a first position staggered from the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested, so that the edge of the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested and the outer wall of the fixed pipe (31) are closely fitted, and the first position is the position when the sliding pipe (32) slides along the fixed pipe (31) to the downward limit ring (312). If the size of the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested matches the size of the sliding tube (32), the sliding tube (32) slides to a second position relative to the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested, so that the edge of the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested and the outer wall of the sliding tube (32) are closely fitted, and the second position is the position when the sliding tube (32) slides along the fixed tube (31) to the upward limit ring (311).

2. The blowout preventer pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sliding tube (32) has at least one annular groove, a sealing ring is installed in each of the at least one annular groove, and the sealing ring is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the fixed tube (31).

3. The blowout preventer pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding tube (32) has a protruding structure (321) to facilitate the operation of the sliding tube (32) to slide along the fixed tube (31).

4. The blowout preventer pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducer (3) further comprises a sealing cover (33); The sealing cover (33) covers the top pipe opening of the fixed pipe (31).

5. The blowout preventer pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall of the fixed tube (31) is provided with a pressure balancing hole (313).

6. The blowout preventer pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducer (3) further comprises an arc-shaped lifting ring (34), and both ends of the arc-shaped lifting ring (34) are located at the top of the fixed tube (31).

7. The blowout preventer pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tubular fixing seat (1) has a sealing plate (12) inside between the bottom and the liquid inlet (11).

8. The blowout preventer pressure testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The tubular fixing seat (1) comprises a first four-way pipe (13) and a second four-way pipe (14), the bottom of the second four-way pipe (14) is connected to the top of the first four-way pipe (13), and the liquid inlet (11) is a side pipe opening of the second four-way pipe (14).

9. A pressure test system, characterized in that: The pressure test system comprises a blowout preventer (5) to be tested and a blowout preventer pressure test device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The bottom flange of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested is fixed to the top flange of the tubular fixing seat (1), and the reducer (3) is located in the chamber (52) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested; If the size of the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested matches the size of the fixed pipe (31), the sliding pipe (32) slides to a first position offset from the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested, so that the edge of the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested and the outer wall of the fixed pipe (31) are in close contact; if the size of the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested matches the size of the sliding pipe (32), the sliding pipe (32) slides to a second position opposite to the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested, so that the edge of the gate (51) of the blowout preventer (5) to be tested and the outer wall of the sliding pipe (32) are in close contact.

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