A shield machine launch shaft reaction device for limited space and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a reaction force device for a starting shaft of a shield machine in a limited space, comprising a rear row of piles vertically arranged at the pit wall behind the starting shaft foundation pit. A plurality of vertical channel steels are arranged on the side of the rear row of piles close to the shield machine, and the vertical channel steels are evenly arranged along the arrangement direction of the rear row of piles. The bottom of the vertical channel steel is inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit and fixedly connected with the rear row of piles. A plurality of waist beam channel steels are horizontally arranged on the side of the vertical channel steel close to the shield machine, and the waist beam channel steels are evenly arranged in the vertical direction and fixedly connected with the vertical channel steel. An I-beam rail for supporting the shield machine parallel to the excavation direction of the shield machine is provided at the bottom of the foundation pit, and a rubber shock-absorbing plate is provided between one end of the I-beam rail close to the vertical channel steel and the vertical channel steel. By using the invention, the reaction force device can be arranged only on a starting shaft foundation pit of a relatively small area, which can solve the technical problem that a large excavation area is required in the prior art for arranging the reaction force device for the starting shaft, which has a serious impact on urban operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a reaction force device for a launching shaft of a shield machine in a limited space and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of domestic infrastructure, urban traffic pressure is increasing. Traditional public transportation can no longer meet existing needs. Metro transportation has gradually become one of the important directions of urban planning and development.

[0003] With the continuous development of municipal construction technology, technological innovation has brought about a new subway excavation method, from the past full-section excavation to shield full mechanized excavation, which has greatly improved construction efficiency. However, the related construction problems that followed have also gradually emerged. For example, subway construction is often carried out in urban areas, with large traffic and passenger flow. Traffic cannot be blocked due to construction, and occupying the road for construction is only a stopgap measure. Construction is mostly carried out in limited working space, which not only requires construction quality and safety, but also has a great impact on construction plans and decisions.

[0004] With the rapid development of shield construction technology, the construction area required for the shield machine's starting shaft has increased. It is difficult to carry out construction in the limited space in the urban area, which not only affects the normal urban operations, but also the larger excavation area puts higher requirements on construction safety and directly affects the construction cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reaction force device for a starting shaft of a shield machine in a limited space and a construction method thereof, which can complete the arrangement of the reaction force device by excavating a starting shaft foundation pit of a relatively small area, and can solve the technical problem in the prior art that a larger excavation area is required for the starting shaft to arrange the reaction force device, which has a serious impact on urban operations.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] A reaction force device for a launching shaft of a shield machine in a limited space comprises a rear row of piles vertically arranged at the rear pit wall of a foundation pit of the launching shaft.

[0008] A plurality of vertical channel steels are provided on the side of the rear row of piles close to the shield machine. The vertical channel steels are evenly arranged along the arrangement direction of the rear row of piles. The bottom of the vertical channel steels is inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit and fixedly connected to the rear row of piles.

[0009] A plurality of waist beam channel steels are horizontally arranged on one side of the vertical channel steel close to the shield machine. The waist beam channel steels are evenly arranged in the vertical direction and fixedly connected to the vertical channel steels.

[0010] An I-beam rail parallel to the excavation direction of the shield machine is provided at the bottom of the foundation pit for supporting the shield machine, and a rubber shock-absorbing plate is provided between one end of the I-beam rail close to the vertical channel steel and the vertical channel steel.

[0011] Furthermore, at most one vertical channel steel is fixed on each rear row of piles, and the vertical channel steel is fixed to the rear row of piles by expansion bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, each waist beam channel steel is detachably fixedly connected to all vertical channel steels.

[0013] Furthermore, the height of the vertical channel steel is higher than the height of the excavation range of the shield machine, and the distance between the two outermost vertical channel steels is greater than the width of the excavation range of the shield machine.

[0014] Furthermore, the lowest waist beam channel steel is higher than the ground at the bottom of the foundation pit, and the height of the highest waist beam channel steel is higher than the top of the excavation range of the shield machine.

[0015] Furthermore, the vertical channel steel is inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit to a depth of 45 to 55 centimeters.

[0016] Furthermore, the distance from the lowest waist beam channel steel to the bottom of the foundation pit is 25 to 35 cm, the distance between the center lines of adjacent waist beam channel steels is 45 to 55 cm, and the uppermost waist beam channel steel is at least 30 cm higher than the top of the shield machine's excavation range.

[0017] Furthermore, two I-rails are arranged in parallel, and the I-rails are fixed to the ground at the bottom of the foundation pit by anchor nails. The thickness of the rubber shock-absorbing plate between the I-rails and the vertical channel steel is 18 to 22 centimeters.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of side rows of piles for supporting the pit walls are provided at the pit walls on both sides of the shield machine's excavation direction, and a sprayed anchor support structure for supporting the pit walls is provided at the pit walls in front of the shield machine's excavation direction.

[0019] A construction method for a reaction force device of a shield machine launching shaft in a limited space comprises the following steps.

[0020] Step 1. After the excavation of the starting pit is completed, a row of rear piles are set in a straight line close to the pit wall at the pit wall behind the shield machine's excavation direction to support the pit wall. A row of side piles are set in a straight line close to the pit wall at the pit walls on both sides of the shield machine's excavation direction to support the pit wall. The intervals between the piles are consistent during construction, and the pit wall in front of the shield machine's excavation direction is supported by a sprayed anchor support structure.

[0021] Step 2: Set up multiple vertical channel steels on the side of the rear pile row close to the shield machine, adjust the spacing between adjacent vertical channel steels to be the same, and place the webs of multiple vertical channel steels close to the corresponding rear pile rows, ensuring that the distance between the two outermost vertical channel steels is greater than the width of the shield machine's excavation range. Hammer the vertical channel steels so that the bottom of the vertical channel steel is inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit to a depth of 45 to 55 cm. The depth of multiple vertical channel steels hammered into the bottom of the foundation pit is the same, and use expansion bolts to fix the vertical channel steels to the rear pile rows.

[0022] Step 3: Fix multiple waist beam channel steels horizontally to the vertical channel steels. Each waist beam channel steel is fixedly connected to all vertical channel steels. Multiple waist beam channel steels are evenly arranged in the vertical direction. The distance from the lowest waist beam channel steel to the bottom of the foundation pit is 25 to 35 cm, and the distance between the center lines of adjacent waist beam channel steels is 45 to 55 cm. The top waist beam channel steel is at least 30 cm higher than the top of the shield machine's excavation range.

[0023] Step 4: Lay two I-beam rails at the bottom of the foundation pit parallel to the excavation direction of the shield machine. The I-beam rails are fixed to the ground at the bottom of the foundation pit by anchor nails. Place a rubber shock-absorbing plate between the end of the I-beam rail close to the vertical channel steel and the vertical channel steel. The thickness of the rubber shock-absorbing plate is 18 to 22 cm.

[0024] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present invention adopts deep foundation pit piles to support the starting pit. While playing a supporting role, it also forms a shield machine starting pit reaction device together with the vertical channel steel and the waist beam channel steel, and the structure is compact and reliable;

[0026] 2. The vertical channel steel and the waist beam channel steel in the present invention can be reused, which reduces the construction cost. In addition, the piles and the vertical channel steel, and the vertical channel steel and the waist beam channel steel are all detachably fixedly connected, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly, saving construction time and reducing the labor intensity of workers;

[0027] 3. A rubber shock-absorbing plate is added between the I-beam rail and the vertical channel steel to prevent the vibration generated by the shield machine's excavation operation from being transmitted to the vertical channel steel through the I-beam rail, ensuring the stability of the bottom structure of the reaction device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at D in the middle.

[0032] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at E in the middle.

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the AA direction.

[0034] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at F in the middle.

[0035] Description of the drawings: 1. Foundation pit, 11. Rear row of piles, 12. Side row of piles, 13. Sprayed anchor support structure, 2. Shield machine, 3. Vertical channel steel, 31. Expansion bolt, 32. Straight thread sleeve, 4. Waist beam channel steel, 41. Fastening bolt, 5. I-beam rail, 51. Anchor nail, 6. Rubber shock-absorbing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the features and performances of a reaction force device for a launching shaft of a shield machine used in a limited space and a construction method thereof in the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 7 A reaction force device for a shield machine starting shaft in a limited space includes a starting shaft foundation pit 1, a rear row of piles 11 for supporting the pit wall behind the foundation pit 1 in the excavation direction of the shield machine 2, a vertical channel steel 3 arranged on the side of the rear row of piles 11 close to the shield machine 2, a waist beam channel steel 4 arranged on the side of the vertical channel steel 3 close to the shield machine 2, and an I-beam rail 5 arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit 1 for supporting the shield machine 2.

[0039] The rear row of piles 11 is arranged in a straight line close to the pit wall at the pit wall of the foundation pit 1 behind the shield machine 2 in the excavation direction to support the pit wall at that location, and a plurality of rear row of piles 11 are evenly spaced.

[0040] Furthermore, side rows of piles 12 are arranged in a straight line close to the pit wall at the pit wall on both sides of the shield machine 2 in the excavation direction, and a sprayed anchor support structure 13 is arranged at the pit wall in front of the shield machine 2 in the excavation direction. The rear row of piles 11, the side row of piles 12 and the sprayed anchor support structure 13 jointly realize the support function of the pit walls on all four sides of the foundation pit 1.

[0041] A plurality of vertical channel steels 3 are provided on the side of the rear row of piles 11 close to the shield machine 2. The plurality of vertical channel steels 3 are evenly arranged along the arrangement direction of the rear row of piles 11. The bottom of the vertical channel steels 3 is inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit 1, and the vertical channel steels 3 are fixed to the rear row of piles 11 by expansion bolts 31.

[0042] Furthermore, the bottom of the vertical channel steel 3 is inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit 1 to a depth of 45 to 55 centimeters. Preferably, the bottom of the vertical channel steel 3 is inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit 1 to a depth of 50 centimeters.

[0043] In actual construction, at most one vertical channel steel 3 is fixed on each rear row of piles 11, the web of the vertical channel steel 3 is set close to the rear row of piles 11, and the expansion bolts 31 pass through the web of the vertical channel steel 3 to fix the vertical channel steel 3 to the rear row of piles 11. By using the rear row of piles 11 with uniform spacing to control the spacing of adjacent vertical channel steels 3 to be consistent, adjacent vertical channel steels 3 can be fixed on adjacent rear row of piles 11, or adjacent vertical channel steels 3 can be fixed on rear row of piles 11 that are spaced one or more apart from each other. Preferably, adjacent vertical channel steels 3 are fixed on adjacent rear row of piles 11 to ensure a high arrangement density of the vertical channel steels 3 and enhance the stability of the overall structure.

[0044] In particular, the height of the vertical channel steels 3 is higher than the height of the excavation range of the shield machine 2, the distance between the two outermost vertical channel steels 3 is greater than the width of the excavation range of the shield machine 2, and at the same time, the two outermost vertical channel steels 3 extend beyond the edges of the width of the excavation range of the shield machine 2 from both sides, so that the plane formed by multiple vertical channel steels 3 completely covers the excavation range of the shield machine 2.

[0045] The waist beam channel steel 4 is arranged on the side of the vertical channel steel 3 close to the shield machine 2, and the web of the waist beam channel steel 4 is arranged close to the wing plate of the vertical channel steel 3. Multiple waist beam channel steels 4 are arranged horizontally and evenly spaced in the vertical direction. In particular, the length of the waist beam channel steel 4 should be greater than the width of the excavation range of the shield machine 2, and each waist beam channel steel 4 is detachably fixedly connected to all vertical channel steels 3.

[0046] Further, the distance from the lowest waist beam channel steel 4 to the bottom of the foundation pit 1 is 25 to 35 cm, the distance between the center lines of adjacent waist beam channel steels 4 is 45 to 55 cm, and the uppermost waist beam channel steel 4 is at least 30 cm higher than the top of the excavation position of the shield machine 2. Preferably, the distance from the lowest waist beam channel steel 4 to the bottom of the foundation pit 1 is 30 cm, the distance between the center lines of adjacent waist beam channel steels 4 is 50 cm, and the uppermost waist beam channel steel 4 is 35 cm higher than the top of the excavation position of the shield machine 2.

[0047] In actual construction, a plurality of straight threaded sleeves 32 are usually provided along the center line between the two side flanges on the web of the vertical channel steel 3. The waist beam channel steel 4 is fixedly connected to the vertical channel steel 3 by connecting bolts 41 that pass through the web of the waist beam channel steel 4 and cooperate with the straight threaded sleeves 32.

[0048] Furthermore, for the convenience of construction, the straight thread sleeves 32 are arranged at intervals of 50 cm, the lowest straight thread sleeve 32 is 80 cm away from the bottom end of the vertical channel steel 3, and a plurality of waist-shaped holes are evenly arranged along the center line of the waist beam channel steel 4 for passing the fastening bolts 41.

[0049] Two I-beam rails 5 for supporting the shield machine 2 are provided at the bottom of the foundation pit 1. The two I-beam rails 5 are parallel to the excavation direction of the shield machine 2 and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center line of the shield machine 2. The I-beam rails 5 are fixed to the bottom of the foundation pit 1 by anchor nails 51. A rubber shock-absorbing plate 6 is provided between one end of the I-beam rail 5 close to the vertical channel steel 3 and the vertical channel steel 3 to reduce the influence of the lateral shear force generated when the shield machine enters the hole for excavation on the vertical channel steel 3.

[0050] Further, the thickness of the rubber damping plate 6 between the I-shaped rail 5 and the vertical channel steel 3 is 18 to 22 centimeters. Preferably, the thickness of the rubber damping plate 6 is 20 centimeters.

[0051] During specific use, the reaction device is arranged according to the above scheme, and the shield machine 2 is hoisted into the foundation pit 1, so that the running wheels of the shield machine 2 fall on the I-beam rail 5, and the excavation direction of the shield machine 2 is toward the pit wall provided with the sprayed anchor support structure 13. The jack at the rear of the shield machine 2 is supported on the waist beam channel steel 4 to provide the shield machine 2 with the power to excavate forward. The whole composed of the rear pile row 11, the vertical channel steel 3 and the waist beam channel steel 4 bears the thrust reaction force of the shield machine jack.

[0052] A construction method for a reaction force device of a shield machine launching shaft in a limited space comprises the following steps.

[0053] Step 1: After the excavation of the starting well foundation pit 1 is completed, a row of rear piles 11 is arranged close to the pit wall along a straight line at the pit wall of the foundation pit 1 located behind the shield machine 2 in the excavation direction to support the pit wall, and a row of side piles 12 is arranged close to the pit wall along a straight line at the pit walls on both sides of the foundation pit 1 located in the excavation direction of the shield machine 2 to support the pit wall. The intervals between the piles are consistent during construction, and the pit wall in front of the shield machine 2 in the excavation direction is supported by a sprayed anchor support structure 13;

[0054] Step 2: a plurality of vertical channel steels 3 are arranged on the side of the rear pile row 11 close to the shield machine 2, and the spacing between adjacent vertical channel steels 3 is adjusted to be the same, and the webs of the plurality of vertical channel steels 3 are respectively placed close to the corresponding rear pile row 11, and it is ensured that the distance between the two outermost vertical channel steels 3 is greater than the width of the excavation range of the shield machine 2, and the two outermost vertical channel steels 3 exceed the edge of the width of the excavation range of the shield machine 2 from both sides, and then the vertical channel steels 3 are hammered so that the bottom of the vertical channel steels 3 is inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit 1 to a depth of 45 to 55 cm, and the depth of the plurality of vertical channel steels 3 hammered into the bottom of the foundation pit 1 is the same, and the vertical channel steels 3 are fixed to the rear pile row 11 using expansion bolts 31;

[0055] Step 3: horizontally fix multiple waist beam channel steels 4 on the vertical channel steels 3, each waist beam channel steel 4 is fixedly connected to all vertical channel steels 3, multiple waist beam channel steels 4 are evenly arranged in the vertical direction, the distance between the lowest waist beam channel steel 4 and the bottom of the foundation pit 1 is 25 to 35 cm, the distance between the center lines of adjacent waist beam channel steels 4 is 45 to 55 cm, and the uppermost waist beam channel steel 4 is at least 30 cm higher than the top of the excavation range of the shield machine 2;

[0056] Step 4: Lay two I-beam rails 5 at the bottom of the foundation pit 1 parallel to the excavation direction of the shield machine 2. The I-beam rails 5 are fixed to the ground at the bottom of the foundation pit 1 by anchor nails 51. Place a rubber shock-absorbing plate 6 between one end of the I-beam rail 5 close to the vertical channel steel 3 and the vertical channel steel 3. The thickness of the rubber shock-absorbing plate 6 is 18 to 22 cm.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] Different from the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the waist beam channel steel 4 is fixedly connected to the vertical channel steel 3 by a clamping plate, and there is no need to pre-set a straight threaded sleeve 32 on the web of the vertical channel steel 3 .

[0059] The clamping plate connection is more versatile and the vertical spacing between adjacent waist beam channel steels 4 can be flexibly adjusted according to different construction environments.

[0060] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a reaction force device of a shield machine launch shaft in a limited space, characterized in that: A reaction force device for a shield machine launch shaft in a limited space is used, the reaction force device comprising a rear row of piles (11) vertically arranged at the rear pit wall of a foundation pit (1) of the launch shaft, a plurality of side row of piles (12) for supporting the pit wall are arranged at the pit wall on both sides of the foundation pit (1) in the excavation direction of the shield machine (2), and a sprayed anchor support structure (13) for supporting the pit wall is arranged at the pit wall in front of the foundation pit (1) in the excavation direction of the shield machine (2); A plurality of vertical channel steels (3) are provided on one side of the rear row of piles (11) close to the shield machine (2). The vertical channel steels (3) are evenly spaced along the arrangement direction of the rear row of piles (11). At most one vertical channel steel (3) is fixed to each rear row of piles (11). The vertical channel steels (3) are fixed to the rear row of piles (11) by expansion bolts (31). The bottom of the vertical channel steels (3) is inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit (1) and is fixedly connected to the rear row of piles (11). The depth of the vertical channel steels (3) inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit (1) is 45 to 55 centimeters. The height of the vertical channel steels (3) is higher than the height of the excavation range of the shield machine (2). The distance between the two outermost vertical channel steels (3) is greater than the width of the excavation range of the shield machine (2). A plurality of waist beam channel steels (4) are horizontally arranged on one side of the vertical channel steel (3) close to the shield machine (2). The waist beam channel steels (4) are evenly spaced in the vertical direction, and each waist beam channel steel (4) is detachably fixedly connected to all the vertical channel steels (3). The lowest waist beam channel steel (4) is higher than the ground at the bottom of the foundation pit (1). The distance between the lowest waist beam channel steel (4) and the bottom of the foundation pit (1) is 25 to 35 centimeters. The distance between the center lines of adjacent waist beam channel steels (4) is 45 to 55 centimeters. The height of the highest waist beam channel steel (4) is higher than the top of the excavation range of the shield machine (2). The highest waist beam channel steel (4) is at least 30 centimeters higher than the top of the excavation range of the shield machine (2). An I-shaped steel rail (5) for supporting the shield machine (2) is provided at the bottom of the foundation pit (1) and is parallel to the excavation direction of the shield machine (2). Two I-shaped steel rails (5) are provided in parallel. The I-shaped steel rails (5) are fixed to the ground at the bottom of the foundation pit (1) by anchor nails (51). A rubber shock-absorbing plate (6) is provided between one end of the I-shaped steel rail (5) close to the vertical channel steel (3) and the vertical channel steel (3). The thickness of the rubber shock-absorbing plate (6) between the I-shaped steel rail (5) and the vertical channel steel (3) is 18 to 22 centimeters. The construction method includes the following steps: Step 1, after the excavation of the starting well foundation pit (1) is completed, a row of rear row piles (11) is arranged close to the pit wall along a straight line at the pit wall of the foundation pit (1) located behind the shield machine (2) in the excavation direction to support the pit wall, and a row of side row piles (12) is arranged close to the pit wall along a straight line at the pit walls on both sides of the foundation pit (1) located in the excavation direction of the shield machine (2) to support the pit wall. The intervals between the piles are consistent during construction, and the pit wall in front of the shield machine (2) in the excavation direction is supported by a sprayed anchor support structure (13); Step 2: a plurality of vertical channel steels (3) are arranged on the side of the rear row of piles (11) close to the shield machine (2), and the spacing between adjacent vertical channel steels (3) is adjusted to be the same. The webs of the plurality of vertical channel steels (3) are respectively placed close to the corresponding rear row of piles (11), and the distance between the two outermost vertical channel steels (3) is ensured to be greater than the width of the excavation range of the shield machine (2). The vertical channel steels (3) are then hammered to make the bottom of the vertical channel steels (3) inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit (1) to a depth of 45 to 55 centimeters. The depths of the plurality of vertical channel steels (3) hammered into the bottom of the foundation pit (1) are the same, and the vertical channel steels (3) are fixed to the rear row of piles (11) using expansion bolts (31); Step 3, horizontally fixing a plurality of waist beam channel steels (4) on the vertical channel steels (3), each waist beam channel steel (4) being fixedly connected to all the vertical channel steels (3), the plurality of waist beam channel steels (4) being evenly arranged in the vertical direction, the distance between the lowest waist beam channel steel (4) and the bottom of the foundation pit (1) being 25 to 35 centimeters, the distance between the center lines of adjacent waist beam channel steels (4) being 45 to 55 centimeters, and the highest waist beam channel steel (4) being at least 30 centimeters higher than the top of the excavation range of the shield machine (2); Step 4: Two I-shaped steel rails (5) are laid at the bottom of the foundation pit (1) parallel to the excavation direction of the shield machine (2). The I-shaped steel rails (5) are fixed to the ground at the bottom of the foundation pit (1) by anchor nails (51). A rubber shock-absorbing plate (6) is placed between one end of the I-shaped steel rail (5) close to the vertical channel steel (3) and the vertical channel steel (3). The thickness of the rubber shock-absorbing plate (6) is 18 to 22 centimeters.

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