Intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system and method thereof

Abstract

The present invention proposes an intelligent irrigation and drainage shared circulation system and method thereof, including an information system, a control system, an irrigation header, a field pipe network and a water storage tank, wherein the irrigation header and the field pipe network are installed together, and the information system, the irrigation header and the field pipe network are respectively connected to the control system; the system can automatically realize the functions of irrigation, drainage and pipe flushing according to the soil moisture conditions, and can use farmland drainage for irrigation. The present invention combines the farmland irrigation and drainage systems into a shared system, effectively solving the problems of high construction costs and heavy management and maintenance workload of farmland irrigation and drainage systems, and at the same time improving the utilization efficiency of farmland drainage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system and a method thereof, belonging to farmland irrigation equipment. Background Art

[0002] Natural rainfall is sometimes little and sometimes much, and often does not match the needs of crops, making the yield and quality of crops unstable. In order to achieve high quality and high yield, it is necessary to build irrigation and drainage systems in the farmland. Therefore, irrigation and drainage facilities are indispensable if you want a good harvest.

[0003] Farmland needs to have both irrigation and drainage systems to ensure a stable harvest regardless of drought or flood. Building both irrigation and drainage systems requires high investment, so irrigation systems are given priority. As a result, most farmland has a low ability to resist waterlogging, and drainage systems are only built in a few farmlands that are frequently hit by waterlogging and are damaged by salinity. Without a drainage system, when heavy rains and floods occur, drainage will be poor, resulting in reduced or even no production. Abnormal climate now leads to frequent extreme weather, and heavy rains and floods increase the probability of waterlogging in farmland, resulting in reduced or even no production, so irrigation and drainage should be given equal importance in farmland.

[0004] The irrigation system includes three parts: water source, water transmission and distribution facilities and field engineering. Commonly used irrigation methods include surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. Surface irrigation is a method of transporting water to the field through channels or low-pressure pipes, and then using irrigation ditches, ridges or grid fields for irrigation; sprinkler irrigation is to spray natural water sources into the air to form water mist that falls on plants; drip irrigation is to use pipes to deliver water to the roots of crops.

[0005] The farmland drainage system includes three parts: field engineering, water collection facilities and water storage facilities. The main drainage methods are open ditch drainage, underground pipe drainage and shaft drainage. Open ditch drainage forms a drainage ditch network by digging drainage ditches at all levels. The excess water in the farmland flows into the discharge area through the drainage ditch network. The underground pipe drainage is to bury underground pipes to remove excess water from the farmland soil and lower the groundwater level. There are two forms: underground ditch and rat run. The shaft drainage is to arrange several well points in the drainage area and use pumps to extract well water to lower the groundwater level. When building irrigation and drainage systems, choose the appropriate irrigation and drainage methods according to the natural conditions of the farmland and the amount of investment.

[0006] At present, irrigation and drainage in farmland are two independent systems, which are not functionally compatible, cannot share facilities, have separate design standards, construction specifications and management methods, and need to be built and managed separately. The simultaneous construction of irrigation and drainage systems leads to high construction and management costs, making it difficult to implement on a large scale. At present, most farmland drainage is directly discharged into the discharge area (rivers or lakes, etc.), and is rarely used directly for irrigation. If a set of intelligent irrigation shared circulation system can be built to irrigate and drain according to the amount of water in the farmland, collect farmland drainage and process it for irrigation, then compared with two separate systems, the construction cost and management cost will be significantly reduced, while the utilization efficiency of water resources will be improved, solving the problem of high investment in farmland irrigation and drainage systems and insufficient irrigation water resources. Summary of the invention

[0007] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose an intelligent irrigation and drainage shared circulation system to solve the problem of high investment and heavy maintenance and management workload caused by the simultaneous construction of irrigation and drainage systems in farmland, in order to realize the irrigation and drainage functions of farmland, and to improve the efficiency of water resource utilization.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] An intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system, comprising an information system, a control system, an irrigation header, a field pipe network and a water storage tank, wherein the irrigation header and the field pipe network are installed together, and the information system, the irrigation header and the field pipe network are respectively connected to the control system;

[0010] The information system includes a soil moisture sensor and a weather station; the control system includes a programmable single chip microcomputer, a display and a wireless transmission module.

[0011] The field pipe network includes a water supply main pipe, several pipe network mechanisms, a drainage main pipe, an irrigation valve and a drainage valve. The pipe network mechanism includes a head end branch pipe, a terminal branch pipe and several irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipes. The irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipes are arranged between the head end branch pipe and the terminal branch pipe. The inlet ends of the head end branch pipe and the terminal branch pipe are connected to the water supply main pipe through the irrigation valve, and the outlet end of the head end branch pipe is connected to the drainage main pipe through the drainage valve. The irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipe has two functions of underground drip irrigation and concealed pipe drainage and water absorption; the field pipe network is all buried underground, and the irrigation valve and drainage valve are in the valve well.

[0012] Further, preferably: the irrigation head includes an irrigation water pump, a filter and a fertilizer applicator installed on a water supply main pipe, the inlet of the irrigation water pump is connected to the well and / or the water tank respectively through a water source inlet pipe, a water source inlet valve is provided on the water inlet pipe, the inlet end of the filter is connected to the water supply main pipe through a filter inlet pipe, the outlet end of the filter is connected to the water supply main pipe through a filter outlet pipe, a filter inlet valve is provided on the filter inlet pipe, a main inlet valve is provided on the water supply main pipe in front of the filter, and a filter drain pipe is provided on the filter.

[0013] Furthermore, preferably, the dual-purpose irrigation and drainage pipe, the head branch pipe, the terminal branch pipe and the drainage main pipe have a slope according to the terrain, and the water in the pipe can be discharged by gravity.

[0014] Furthermore, preferably: a drainage mechanism is provided on the drainage main pipe.

[0015] Further, preferably: the irrigation main pipe is provided with a pressure gauge and an inlet and exhaust valve, and the head end branch pipe and the terminal branch pipe are provided with an inlet and exhaust valve.

[0016] Further, preferably: the irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipe comprises a water delivery pipe, a water absorption layer and a filter layer, the water delivery pipe is provided with water permeable holes, the water absorption layer is wrapped outside the water delivery pipe, and the filter layer is wrapped outside the water absorption layer.

[0017] Furthermore, preferably: a support layer is provided in the water absorbing layer.

[0018] Furthermore, preferably, the filter layer has 1 to 3 layers, and the pore size of the inner filter material of the filter layer increases from the inside to the outside.

[0019] Furthermore, preferably: a protective layer is arranged outside the filter layer.

[0020] The present invention also provides an intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation method, which uses the intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system of the present invention, including irrigation, fertilization, drainage and flushing.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention integrates the irrigation and drainage systems into one system, which can be laid in one go by a pipe-laying machine during construction, thereby improving the construction efficiency of the irrigation and drainage system, reducing construction costs, not occupying arable land, and improving the efficiency of arable land use; not affecting the operation of agricultural machinery, and improving the working efficiency of agricultural machinery; reducing the probability of human or mechanical damage, saving maintenance costs; and extending the service life and reducing the use costs.

[0023] The capillary pipe for irrigation and the concealed pipe for drainage are combined to form a dual-purpose pipe for irrigation and drainage. The inner pipe of the dual-purpose pipe can transport water, and the outer pipe is covered with a water-absorbing layer and a filter layer. Water can freely enter and exit through the permeable holes on the inner pipe. When the pipe is filled with pressurized water, water is supplied to the soil to realize the irrigation function; when there is no pressurized water in the pipe, the excess water in the soil can enter the pipe and be discharged out of the farmland. Irrigation and drainage can be carried out according to the amount of water in the farmland, and farmland drainage is collected and processed for irrigation. Compared with two separate systems, the construction cost and management cost are significantly reduced, while the utilization efficiency of water resources is improved, solving the problem of high investment in farmland irrigation and drainage systems and insufficient irrigation water resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of irrigation status of the intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the fertilization state of the intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the drainage state of the intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the flushing state of the intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the dual-purpose irrigation and drainage pipe of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the dual-purpose irrigation and drainage pipe of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the dual-purpose irrigation and drainage pipe of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the irrigation state of the dual-purpose irrigation and drainage pipe of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the drainage state of the dual-purpose irrigation and drainage pipe of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 is a structural block diagram of a control system of the present invention;

[0036] In the figure, 1 is a water storage tank, 2 is a pressure gauge, 3 is an inlet and outlet valve, 4 is a fertilizer tank, 5 is a fertilizer spreader, 6 is a filter, 7 is a main water inlet valve, 8 is a filter inlet valve, 9 is a filter drain pipe, 10 is an irrigation water pump, 11 is a water source inlet valve, 12 is a drainage mechanism, 13 is a water supply main pipe, 14 is an irrigation valve, 15 is a filter outlet pipe, 16 is a head end branch pipe, 17 is a filter inlet pipe, 18 is an irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipe, 181 is a water delivery pipe, 182 is a water permeable hole, 183 is a water absorption layer, 184 is a filter layer, 185 is a support layer, 186 is a support ring, 187 is an inner filter layer, 188 is an outer filter layer, 189 is a protective layer, 19 is a control system, 20 is a water source inlet pipe, 21 is a drain valve, 22 is a drainage main pipe, 23 is a terminal branch pipe, 24 is a soil moisture sensor, 25 is a weather station, DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1-11 As shown, an intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system includes an information system, a control system 19, an irrigation header and a field pipe network, wherein the irrigation header and the field pipe network are installed together, and the information system, the irrigation header and the field pipe network are connected to the control system 19 respectively;

[0040] The information system is mainly responsible for collecting and transmitting information such as soil physical and chemical properties (water content, oxygen content, etc.), meteorological data and crop growth conditions, and generally includes a soil moisture sensor 24 and a weather station 25; of course, other equipment such as a soil dissolved oxygen sensor can also be set up to measure other soil indicators for more accurate irrigation control.

[0041] The control system 19 determines the working state of the system according to the data provided by the information system, and makes the system enter the irrigation or drainage state by controlling the opening and closing of the valve. It generally includes a programmable single chip microcomputer, a display and a wireless transmission module. The wireless transmission module can receive and transmit wireless signals, send the system status to the remote terminal, and receive the instructions of the remote terminal. The remote terminal is generally a mobile phone, a tablet and a computer.

[0042] The system of the present invention can be powered by ordinary power supply, and a solar power supply system can also be set up to provide power for the control system 19 and the information system. These two systems need to run for a long time, and the use of a solar power supply system can effectively reduce energy consumption.

[0043] The irrigation head includes an irrigation water pump 10, a filter 6 and a fertilizer applicator 5 installed on a water supply main pipe 13. The inlet of the irrigation water pump 10 is connected to the well and / or the water reservoir 1 through a water source inlet pipe 20. In this embodiment, a structure in which the well and the water reservoir 1 coexist can not only effectively collect rainwater, but also serve as a drainage ditch to drain water when it rains and collect rainwater as a water source during droughts, thereby making full use of water resources. The fertilizer applicator 5 is connected to the fertilizer tank 4.

[0044] A water source inlet valve 11 is provided on the water inlet pipe, the inlet end of the filter 6 is connected with the water supply main pipe 13 through a filter water inlet pipe 17, the outlet end of the filter 6 is connected with the water supply main pipe 13 through a filter water outlet pipe 15, a filter water inlet valve 8 is provided on the filter water inlet pipe 17, a main water inlet valve 7 is provided on the water supply main pipe 13 in front of the filter 6, and a filter drain pipe 9 is provided on the filter 6.

[0045] The field pipe network includes a water supply main pipe 13, a plurality of pipe network mechanisms, a drainage main pipe 22, an irrigation valve 14 and a drainage valve 21. The number of pipe network mechanisms can be set according to the size of the plot, and there are two in this embodiment. The pipe network mechanism includes a head end branch pipe 16, a terminal branch pipe 23 and a plurality of irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipes 18. The irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipes 18 are arranged between the head end branch pipe 16 and the terminal branch pipe 23. The inlet ends of the head end branch pipe 16 and the terminal branch pipe 23 are connected to the water supply main pipe 13 through the irrigation valve 14, and the outlet end of the head end branch pipe 16 is connected to the drainage main pipe 22 through the drainage valve 21. The irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipe 18 has two functions of underground drip irrigation and concealed pipe drainage and water absorption; the field pipe network is all buried underground, and the irrigation valve 14 and the drainage valve 21 are in the valve well.

[0046] The irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipe 18, the head end branch pipe 16, the terminal branch pipe 23 and the drainage main pipe 22 can be arranged according to the actual terrain. Generally, the water in the pipe can be discharged by gravity according to the slope of the terrain, so that automatic drainage can be achieved. If the terrain conditions do not allow, or in order to enhance the drainage effect, a drainage mechanism 12 can be arranged on the drainage main pipe 22.

[0047] The function of the drainage mechanism 12 is to discharge the water in the irrigation and drainage pipe 18. It can be selected according to actual conditions. If there is a lot of water in the irrigation and drainage pipe 18 and in the farmland, a drainage pump can be used. If the irrigation and drainage pipe 18 contains gas, a vacuum water pump can be used.

[0048] The irrigation main pipe is provided with a pressure gauge 2 and an inlet and exhaust valve 3, and the head end branch pipe 16 and the terminal branch pipe 23 are provided with an inlet and exhaust valve 3.

[0049] The valve in the embodiment of the present invention may be a solenoid valve or a mechanical valve with a wireless transmission function.

[0050] The pressure gauge, the air inlet and outlet valves, the fertilizer spreader, the filter, the main water inlet valve, the filtered water inlet valve, the irrigation water pump, the water source water inlet valve, the drainage mechanism, the irrigation valve, the drainage valve, the soil moisture sensor, the weather station, the display and the wireless transmission module are respectively connected to the programmable single chip microcomputer.

[0051] The irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipe 18 has two functions: underground drip irrigation and concealed pipe drainage and water absorption. Figure 6 As shown, it generally includes a water pipe 181, a water absorption layer 183 and a filter layer 184. The water pipe is provided with a water-permeable hole 182. The water absorption layer 183 is wrapped around the water pipe 182, and the filter layer 184 is wrapped around the water absorption layer 183.

[0052] In this embodiment, the water absorbing layer or the filtering layer may be interchanged according to actual needs, which may also play the role of the present invention.

[0053] The water pipe can be a general water pipe with water holes 182 on it. The water absorption layer has a strong absorption effect on water, so that the water can be evenly diffused during irrigation and the water can smoothly enter the porous pipe during drainage. It can be made of corrosion-resistant, water-absorbing and water-permeable materials, such as geotextiles, highly absorbent resins, etc. Figure 7 As shown, since the underground pipe is buried under the soil, the pressure is generally relatively large. In order to prevent the water absorbing layer from being squeezed and causing its performance to deteriorate, a support layer 185 can be set in the water absorbing layer to reduce the problem of squeezing the water absorbing layer. For example, a plastic net can be set in the water absorbing layer, and a support ring 186 can be set on the plastic net. The support ring 186 can also be set separately, or a supporting substance can be added to the water absorbing material of the water absorbing layer. This embodiment adopts a structure combining a plastic net and a support ring.

[0054] like Figure 8 As shown, the filter layer 184 prevents sediment and roots from entering and blocking the water permeable holes. The filter layer can use filter screens with different mesh sizes, such as metal mesh, plastic mesh, activated carbon mesh, etc. The filter layer can be set to 1-3 layers as needed, and the mesh diameter of each filter layer is different. From the inside to the outside, the pore size of the filter layer increases successively. In this embodiment, two filter layers are used, namely the first filter layer and the second filter layer. The thickness of each filter screen can be set as needed.

[0055] A protective layer 189 may be provided outside the filter layer as required to protect the filter layer and the water absorbing layer from deformation under heavy pressure. Generally, a spring for pipes may be used to strengthen the supporting effect.

[0056] The system of this embodiment can determine the working state based on the data collected by the information system, and realize the functions of irrigation, fertilization, drainage and flushing pipes through the cooperation between the irrigation valve 14 and the drainage valve 21, as follows:

[0057] 1. Irrigation

[0058] When the soil moisture content measured by the soil moisture sensor 24 is lower than the lower limit of the most suitable moisture content for the crop, the control system 19 causes the pipe network to enter the irrigation state. During irrigation, the irrigation water pump 10, the water source inlet valve 11, the main inlet valve 7, and the irrigation valve 14 are turned on, and the filter inlet valve 8 and the drain valve 21 are closed. Water flows from the irrigation water pump 10 through the irrigation main pipe and the branch pipe to the irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipe 18, and the water irrigates the soil through the permeable holes, the water absorption layer and the filter layer; if the irrigation water is not clear enough and needs to be filtered, the filter 6 is started, and the process is to turn on the irrigation water pump 10, the water source inlet valve 11, the filter inlet valve 8, and the irrigation valve 14, and close the main inlet valve 7 and the drain valve 21. Water flows from the irrigation water pump 10 through the filter 6, the irrigation main pipe, and the branch pipe to the irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipe 18, and the water irrigates the soil through the permeable holes, the water absorption layer and the filter layer;

[0059] 2. Fertilization: When the soil lacks fertilizer, the control system 19 puts the pipe network into the fertilization state, opens the fertilizer machine 5, the water source inlet valve 11, the filter inlet valve 8, and the irrigation valve 14, closes the main inlet valve 7 and the drain valve 21, and the water and fertilizer pass through the irrigation pump 10, the filter 6 and the fertilizer machine 5, enter the irrigation main pipe and branch pipe and flow to the irrigation and drainage pipe 18. The water and fertilizer pass through the permeable holes, the water absorption layer and the filter layer to fertilize and irrigate the soil.

[0060] 3. Drainage:

[0061] When the meteorological station 25 measures that the rainfall exceeds the soil water storage capacity or the soil moisture sensor 24 measures that the groundwater level is high, the control system 19 puts the pipe network into a drainage state. During drainage, the water source inlet valve 11, the main inlet valve 7, the irrigation valve 14, and the filter inlet valve 8 are closed, and the drainage valve and the drainage mechanism 12 are opened. The excess moisture in the soil enters the irrigation and drainage pipe 18 through the filter layer, the water absorption layer and the permeable holes. The water in the irrigation and drainage pipe 18 enters the water storage tank 1 through the drainage mechanism 12 through the terminal branch pipe 23 and the drainage main pipe 22, completing the drainage.

[0062] 4. Rinse

[0063] When the pressure data reaches the flushing state, the control system 19 puts the pipe network into the flushing state. The process is basically the same as that of irrigation, with the difference that: the drain valve 21 is opened, and water flows from the irrigation pump 10 through the irrigation main pipe and branch pipe to the irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipe 18, and finally enters the water storage tank 1 through the drainage main pipe 22, completing the flushing operation of the pipe network.

[0064] Compared with the existing two independent irrigation and drainage systems, the intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system of the present invention saves the material, construction and maintenance management costs of one system, significantly reduces investment, and can store farmland drainage, process and treat it for irrigation, thereby improving the efficiency of water resource utilization.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and substitutions made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system, characterized in that: It includes an information system, a control system, an irrigation head, a field pipe network and a water storage tank. The irrigation head is installed together with the field pipe network. The information system, the irrigation head and the field pipe network are connected to the control system respectively. The information system includes a soil moisture sensor and a weather station. The control system includes a programmable single chip microcomputer, a display and a wireless transmission module. The field pipe network includes a water supply main pipe, a plurality of pipe network mechanisms, a drainage main pipe, an irrigation valve and a drainage valve. The pipe network mechanism includes a head end branch pipe, a terminal branch pipe and a plurality of irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipes. The irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipes are arranged between the head end branch pipe and the terminal branch pipe. The inlet ends of the head end branch pipe and the terminal branch pipe are connected to the water supply main pipe through the irrigation valve, and the outlet end of the head end branch pipe is connected to the drainage main pipe through the drainage valve. The irrigation and drainage dual-purpose pipe has two functions of underground drip irrigation and concealed pipe drainage and water absorption. The field pipe network is all buried underground, and the irrigation valve and drainage valve are in the valve well. The dual-purpose pipe for irrigation and drainage comprises a water delivery pipe, a water absorption layer and a filter layer. The water delivery pipe is provided with water permeable holes, the water absorption layer is wrapped outside the water delivery pipe, and the filter layer is wrapped outside the water absorption layer; a support layer is provided inside the water absorption layer; and a protective layer is provided outside the filter layer; The water-absorbing layer has a strong water-retention effect, which allows the water to diffuse evenly during irrigation and allows the water to smoothly enter the porous tube during drainage. It is made of corrosion-resistant, water-absorbing and water-permeable materials; the support layer reduces the problem of squeezing the water-absorbing layer; the protective layer is used to protect the filter layer and the water-absorbing layer from deformation under heavy pressure.

2. The intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation head includes an irrigation water pump, a filter and a fertilizer applicator installed on a water supply main pipe. The inlet of the irrigation water pump is connected to a water well and / or a water storage tank through a water source inlet pipe. A water source inlet valve is arranged on the inlet pipe. The inlet end of the filter is connected to the water supply main pipe through a filter inlet pipe. The outlet end of the filter is connected to the water supply main pipe through a filter outlet pipe. A filter inlet valve is arranged on the filter inlet pipe. A main inlet valve is arranged on the water supply main pipe in front of the filter. A filter drain pipe is arranged on the filter.

3. The intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-purpose irrigation and drainage pipe, the head end branch pipe, the terminal branch pipe and the drainage main pipe have a slope according to the terrain, and the water in the pipe can be discharged by gravity.

4. The intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage main pipe is provided with a drainage mechanism.

5. The intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation main pipe is provided with a pressure gauge and an inlet and outlet valve, and the head end branch pipe and the terminal branch pipe are provided with an inlet and outlet valve.

6. The intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter layer has 1 to 3 layers, and the pore size of the inner filter material of the filter layer increases from the inside to the outside.

7. An intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation method, characterized in that : The intelligent irrigation and drainage circulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: (1) Irrigation: When the soil moisture content measured by the soil moisture sensor is lower than the lower limit of the most suitable moisture content for the crop, the control system causes the pipe network to enter the irrigation state. During irrigation, the irrigation water pump, water source inlet valve, main inlet valve, and irrigation valve are turned on, and the filter inlet valve and drain valve are closed. Water flows from the irrigation water pump through the irrigation main pipe and branch pipe to the irrigation and drainage pipe. The water irrigates the soil through the permeable holes, water absorption layer, and filter layer. If the irrigation water contains impurities that can block the permeable holes, the filter is started. The process is to turn on the irrigation water pump, water source inlet valve, filter inlet valve, and irrigation valve, and close the main inlet valve and drain valve. Water flows from the irrigation water pump through the filter, irrigation main pipe, and branch pipe to the irrigation and drainage pipe. The water irrigates the soil through the permeable holes, water absorption layer, and filter layer. (2) Fertilization: When the soil lacks fertilizer, the control system puts the pipe network into fertilization mode, opens the fertilizer machine, water source inlet valve, filter inlet valve, and irrigation valve, closes the main inlet valve and drainage valve, and the water and fertilizer pass through the irrigation pump, filter, and fertilizer machine, enter the irrigation main pipe and branch pipe, and flow to the irrigation and drainage pipe. The water and fertilizer pass through the permeable holes, water absorption layer, and filter layer to fertilize and irrigate the soil; (3) Drainage: When the meteorological station measures that the rainfall exceeds the soil water storage capacity or the soil moisture sensor measures that the groundwater level is high, the control system causes the pipe network to enter the drainage state. During drainage, the water source inlet valve, main inlet valve, irrigation valve, and filter inlet valve are closed, and the drainage valve and drainage mechanism are opened. The excess water in the soil enters the irrigation and drainage pipe through the filter layer, water absorption layer, and permeable holes. The water in the irrigation and drainage pipe enters the water storage tank through the drainage mechanism through the terminal branch pipe and drainage main pipe, completing the drainage; (4) Flushing: When the pressure gauge data reaches the point where flushing of the pipeline is required, the control system puts the pipeline network into flushing state, starts the irrigation water pump, water source inlet valve, main inlet valve, irrigation valve and drain valve, closes the filter inlet valve, and water flows from the irrigation water pump through the irrigation main pipe and branch pipe to the irrigation and drainage pipe, and finally enters the water storage tank or flood discharge area through the drainage main pipe, completing the flushing operation of the pipeline network.

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