An integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument

Abstract

The present application discloses an integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument, which relates to the field of wind speed and direction measuring instruments. The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument integrates a wind receiving component including a wind cup and a wind vane fixedly on the same mechanical rotating component to form an asymmetric rotating structure. The rotation angle curve of the asymmetric rotating structure can be collected by an angle sensor. The wind speed measurement value and the wind direction angle measurement value can be cleverly calculated using the rotation angle curve by utilizing the characteristic that the asymmetric rotating structure is subjected to non-axisymmetric forces when facing windward and leeward. Since the integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument reduces a set of mechanical rotating components, the mechanical structure and circuit structure are greatly simplified, the integration of the wind speed and direction measuring instrument is improved, the structural complexity is reduced, and the overall wear of the system is reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the use of the wind speed and direction measuring instrument, and is particularly suitable for wind load measurement in extremely harsh environments in polar regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wind speed and direction measuring instruments, and in particular to an integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument. Background Art

[0002] Wind load measurement is one of the most basic contents in the field of meteorological observation. Wind load measurement mainly requires measuring two physical quantities: wind speed and wind direction. Currently, common instruments used to measure wind loads include mechanical anemometers, ultrasonic anemometers, dynamic pressure anemometers, thermal anemometers, laser wind radars, and wind profiler radars.

[0003] The cup-type mechanical anemometer measures wind speed by rotating a set of mechanical rotating parts with a wind cup, and measures wind direction by rotating another set of mechanical rotating parts with a wind vane. It is the instrument with the simplest principle and the most widespread application among many instruments used to measure wind loads.

[0004] Although the cup-type mechanical anemometer is simple and reliable, in order to ensure that the wind speed and wind direction can be measured separately, two sets of independent mechanical rotating parts are required. The complex mechanical structure easily leads to low reliability and makes it difficult to meet the needs of long-term observation. Due to long-term wear and tear, the service life of the cup-type mechanical anemometer is unlikely to exceed two years, especially under extremely harsh conditions such as low temperature, strong wind, and sand and gravel in the polar regions. It is even more difficult to put it into normal use. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems and technical requirements, this application proposes an integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument. The technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0006] An integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument, comprising a mechanical rotating component, a plurality of wind receiving components, an angle sensor and a signal processing circuit;

[0007] All wind receiving components include a number of wind cups and a wind vane. All wind cups have the same structure, but the structure of the wind vane is different from that of the wind cups. All wind receiving components are evenly arranged along the circumference on the same horizontal plane and fixed on the mechanical rotating parts to form an asymmetric rotating structure.

[0008] The angle sensor is fixed on the mechanical rotating component, and the signal processing circuit is electrically connected to the angle sensor;

[0009] The signal processing circuit collects the rotation angle curve of the asymmetric rotating structure through the angle sensor, and obtains the wind speed measurement value and the wind direction angle measurement value according to the rotation angle curve. The rotation angle curve indicates the change curve of the rotation angle θ of the asymmetric rotating structure over time.

[0010] A further technical solution is to obtain the wind direction angle measurement value by solving the rotation angle curve, including:

[0011] The rotation angle curve is converted into a rotation angular velocity curve, wherein the rotation angular velocity curve indicates a curve of a rotation angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotation structure changing with a rotation angle θ;

[0012] The rotation angular velocity curve is converted into a rotation angular acceleration curve, wherein the rotation angular acceleration curve indicates a curve of a rotation angular acceleration δω of the asymmetric rotation structure changing with a rotation angle θ;

[0013] The wind direction angle measurement value is obtained by calculating the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the wind direction angle measurement value obtained by solving the rotation angle curve also includes:

[0015] When it is detected that the rotation angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure always reaches the angular velocity threshold, and the duration for which the rotation angular velocity ω is within the angular velocity fluctuation range reaches the stable duration threshold, it is determined that the asymmetric rotating structure is in a high-speed stable rotation state, and the step of calculating the wind direction angle measurement value according to the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve is executed.

[0016] A further technical solution is that when the asymmetric rotating structure is in a high-speed stable rotating state, the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve are both in the form of sine-cosine curves;

[0017] The wind direction angle measurement values ​​obtained by solving the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve include:

[0018] Determine the maximum angular velocity θ of the asymmetric rotating structure per rotation according to the rotation angular velocity curve max (ω) and the minimum angular velocity θ min (w);

[0019] Determine the maximum angular acceleration θ of the asymmetric rotating structure per rotation according to the rotation angular acceleration curve max (δω) and the minimum angular acceleration θ min (δω);

[0020] According to the maximum angular velocity θ max (w), minimum angular velocity θ min (w), maximum angular acceleration θ max (δω) and the minimum angular acceleration θ min (δω) is solved to obtain the wind direction angle measurement value.

[0021] A further technical solution is that the wind direction angle measurement value obtained by solving the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve also includes:

[0022] When it is detected that |θ max (δω)-θ min (w)|∈[90°-α,90°+α] and

[0023] |θ max (w)-θ max (δω)|∈[90°-α, 90°+α] and

[0024] |θ min (δω)-θ max (w)|∈[90°-α,90°+α] and

[0025] |θ min (ω)-θ min (δω)|∈[90°-α, 90°+α], the maximum angular velocity θ is used to calculate the max (w), minimum angular velocity θ min (w), maximum angular acceleration θ max (δω) and the minimum angular acceleration θ min (δω) is a step of solving to obtain a wind direction angle measurement value; wherein α is a preset deviation angle;

[0026] Otherwise, redetermine the maximum angular velocity θ max (w), minimum angular velocity θ min (w), maximum angular acceleration θ max (δω) and the minimum angular acceleration θ min (δω).

[0027] A further technical solution is that the wind direction angle measurement value obtained by solving the calculation includes:

[0028] Calculate the rough value of wind direction angle for:

[0029]

[0030] Roughly measured value based on wind direction angle The wind direction angle measurement value is obtained by solving the problem.

[0031] A further technical solution is to use a rough measurement value of the wind direction angle The wind direction angle measurements obtained by solution include:

[0032] Determining wind direction angle measurements Among them, Δφ is the wind direction error angle calibrated by the wind tunnel test.

[0033] A further technical solution is to determine the maximum angular velocity θ max (ω), minimum angular velocity θ min (w), maximum angular acceleration θmax (δω) and the minimum angular acceleration θ min (δω) includes:

[0034] Determine the maximum rotational angular velocity and the minimum rotational angular velocity of the rotational angular velocity curve in a plurality of consecutive rotational cycles, respectively, and determine the maximum rotational angular acceleration and the minimum rotational angular acceleration of the rotational angular acceleration curve in a plurality of consecutive rotational cycles, respectively, each rotational cycle covering a rotation angle of 360°;

[0035] The clustering algorithm is used to cluster the maximum rotation angular velocity in multiple rotation cycles to obtain the maximum angular velocity θ max (ω), clustering algorithm is used to cluster the minimum rotation angular velocity in multiple rotation cycles to obtain the minimum angular velocity θ min (ω), clustering algorithm is used to cluster the maximum rotation angular acceleration in multiple rotation periods to obtain the maximum angular acceleration θ max (δω), clustering algorithm is used to cluster the minimum rotation angular acceleration in multiple rotation periods to obtain the minimum angular acceleration θ min (δω).

[0036] A further technical solution is to obtain the wind speed measurement value by solving the rotation angle curve, including:

[0037] The wind speed corresponding to the rotational angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure in the wind speed angular velocity curve obtained by wind tunnel test calibration is determined as the wind speed measurement value. The wind speed angular velocity curve indicates the corresponding relationship between the wind speed and the rotational angular velocity of the asymmetric rotating structure.

[0038] A further technical solution is that the wind vane adopts a flat plate structure.

[0039] The beneficial technical effects of this application are:

[0040] The present application discloses an integrated wind speed and wind direction measuring instrument, which only needs to use one set of mechanical rotating parts, and the wind receiving components including the wind cup and the wind vane are fixedly integrated on the same mechanical rotating part to form an asymmetric rotating structure, and the wind speed measurement value and the wind direction angle measurement value can be solved and obtained by combining with an angle sensor. Since the integrated wind speed and wind direction measuring instrument reduces one set of mechanical rotating parts, the mechanical structure and circuit structure are greatly simplified, the integration of the wind speed and wind direction measuring instrument is improved, the structural complexity is reduced, and the overall wear of the system is reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the use of the wind speed and wind direction measuring instrument.

[0041] The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument uses the asymmetric rotating structure caused by the different structures of the wind-receiving components, which makes the forces in the windward and leeward conditions non-axisymmetric. The wind speed measurement value and the wind direction angle measurement value can be cleverly calculated by using the change of the rotation angular velocity of the asymmetric rotating structure. The idea is novel and the design is ingenious. The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument is particularly suitable for measuring wind loads in extremely harsh environments in polar regions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the wind-induced rotation of an asymmetric rotating structure in one embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a method for calculating and obtaining wind speed measurement values ​​and wind direction angle measurement values ​​in one embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a rotation angle curve and a rotation angular velocity curve of an asymmetric rotating structure during a rotation process in one embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 5 The diagram is a measured data diagram of a rotation angle curve and a rotation angular velocity curve obtained by converting an actually measured rotation angle curve in a simulation example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The specific implementation of the present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0048] This application discloses an integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument, please refer to Figure 1 As shown in the structural schematic diagram, the integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument includes a mechanical rotating part 1, a plurality of wind receiving components, an angle sensor 2 and a signal processing circuit 3. All wind receiving components include a plurality of wind cups 4 and a wind vane 5. The structures and specifications of all wind cups 4 are the same. Based on the structure of the traditional wind cup type wind speed and direction measuring instrument, the wind receiving components generally include three or more wind cups 4. The structure of the wind vane 5 is different from that of the wind cup 4. The wind vane 5 can actually adopt various structures, such as a cup-shaped structure with the cup 4. In one embodiment, in order to facilitate manufacturing and have a better wind receiving effect, the wind vane 5 adopts a flat structure, such as the tail wing structure of a traditional wind vane.

[0049] All wind receiving components are evenly arranged along the circumference on the same horizontal plane and fixed on the mechanical rotating part 1 to form an asymmetric rotating structure. The openings of each wind cup 4 are arranged clockwise or counterclockwise, which is the same as the arrangement structure of the wind cup 4 in the traditional wind cup anemometer. The difference is that the present application fixes a wind vane 5 on the mechanical rotating part 1. Figure 1 Take the wind receiving component including five wind cups 4 and a wind vane 5 as an example. The angle sensor 2 is fixed on the mechanical rotating component 1, and the signal processing circuit 3 is electrically connected to the angle sensor 2. The angle sensor 2 adopts a commercially available high-speed angle sensor chip, and the angle sensor 2 can detect the rotation angle θ of the mechanical rotating component 1 in real time and with high precision. The signal processing circuit 3 is a device for signal processing and data solution in the integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument, which can be implemented by a single-chip microcomputer. The signal processing circuit 3 collects the rotation angle curve of the asymmetric rotating structure through the angle sensor 2, and obtains the wind speed measurement value and the wind direction angle measurement value according to the rotation angle curve. The rotation angle curve indicates the change curve of the rotation angle θ of the asymmetric rotating structure over time.

[0050] Combination Figure 1 It can be seen that the wind cup and wind vane in the present application are fixed on the same mechanical rotating component 1, and share the same mechanical rotating component 1. The entire integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument includes only one mechanical rotating component 1, which reduces one set of mechanical rotating components 1 compared to the traditional wind cup wind speed and direction measuring instrument. However, since only one set of mechanical rotating components 1 is used, and the structure of the wind vane 5 is different from that of the other wind cups 4, the wind receiving component is fixed on the mechanical rotating component 1 to form an asymmetric rotating structure. The rotation law of the asymmetric rotating structure is different from the rotation law of the traditional fully symmetrical wind cup wind speed and direction measuring instrument. Therefore, the method of calculating wind speed and wind direction of the integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument of the present application is also different from the traditional method:

[0051] 1. Obtain wind speed measurement value based on rotation angle curve.

[0052] First, the rotation angle curve is converted into a rotation angular velocity curve, which indicates a curve of the rotation angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotation structure changing with the rotation angle θ.

[0053] After the rotation angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure is obtained by conversion, the wind speed corresponding to the rotation angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure in the wind speed angular velocity curve obtained by wind tunnel test calibration is determined as the wind speed measurement value, and the wind speed angular velocity curve indicates the corresponding relationship between the wind speed and the rotation angular velocity of the asymmetric rotating structure.

[0054] In the process of using the wind speed angular velocity curve to solve and obtain the wind speed measurement value, a filtering algorithm is generally used to filter the data to obtain a wind speed measurement value that meets specific usage requirements. Commonly used filtering algorithms include general average, sliding average, exponential average, etc.

[0055] 2. Calculate the wind direction value based on the rotation angle curve.

[0056] From the above introduction, it can be seen that the process of solving the wind speed measurement value in this application is not greatly affected by the rotation law of the asymmetric rotating structure, but the rotation law of the asymmetric rotating structure has a greater impact on the solution of the wind direction measurement value.

[0057] In order to accurately calculate the wind direction measurement value, the rotation law of the asymmetric rotating structure is first introduced as follows: Figure 2 Taking the application scenario diagram shown in the figure as an example, when the wind direction is from right to left, the asymmetric rotating structure rotates counterclockwise under the action of wind. When the wind vane 5 rotates to the position in the downwind direction, assuming that the position in the downwind direction is Figure 2 The rotation torque of the asymmetric rotating structure gradually increases from the initial value, causing the rotation angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure to increase. Figure 2 When the wind vane 5 is at the 90° position, the torque of the asymmetric rotating structure reaches the maximum value, and the change of the rotational angular velocity ω is the maximum value. After the wind vane 5 rotates 90°, the torque of the asymmetric rotating structure gradually decreases until the wind vane 5 rotates to 180°, at which time the torque of the asymmetric rotating structure returns to the initial value, and the rotational angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure is the maximum value. After the wind vane 5 rotates 180°, the wind vane 5 enters the upwind direction, and the torque of the asymmetric rotating structure gradually decreases, causing the rotational angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure to begin to decrease. When the wind vane 5 rotates to 270°, the torque of the asymmetric rotating structure is the smallest, and the change of the rotational angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure is the maximum value. After the wind vane 5 rotates 270°, the torque of the asymmetric rotating structure gradually recovers, and the rotational angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure continues to decrease. When the wind vane 5 rotates back to the 0° position in the downwind direction, the rotational torque of the asymmetric rotating structure returns to the initial value, the rotational angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure becomes the minimum value, and the above process is repeated.

[0058] Through the above analysis of the rotation law of the asymmetric rotating structure, it can be seen that during each rotation of the asymmetric rotating structure, the rotation angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure is relatively stable, and its change is mainly affected by the asymmetric structure of the wind-receiving component. Therefore, in the process of solving the wind direction measurement value, please refer to Figure 3In the flowchart shown, the rotation angle curve is first converted into a rotation angular velocity curve, which is the same step as the step of converting the rotation angular velocity curve when the wind speed measurement value is obtained. The rotation angular velocity curve is further converted into a rotation angular acceleration curve, and the rotation angular acceleration curve indicates the curve of the rotation angular acceleration δω of the asymmetric rotating structure changing with the rotation angle θ. Then, the wind direction angle measurement value is obtained by solving the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve.

[0059] It should be noted that the asymmetric rotating structure rotates according to the above-mentioned rotation law only when it is in a high-speed stable rotation state, and then the wind direction measurement value can be solved more accurately. Therefore, when it is detected that the rotation angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure always reaches the angular velocity threshold, and the duration of the rotation angular velocity ω in the angular velocity fluctuation range reaches the stable duration threshold, it is determined that the asymmetric rotating structure is in a high-speed stable rotation state. At this time, the step of solving the wind direction angle measurement value according to the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve is executed to solve the wind direction measurement value. Otherwise, the detection is continued until the asymmetric rotating structure enters a high-speed stable rotation state. Among them, the angular velocity fluctuation range is a pre-set range. Based on this feature, the integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument of the present application is particularly suitable for occasions with large wind loads, such as in harsh environments with strong winds in polar regions. The higher the rotation speed of the asymmetric rotating structure, the higher the reliability of the wind direction measurement value solved.

[0060] The above analysis of the rotation law of the asymmetric rotating structure can further determine that when the asymmetric rotating structure is in a high-speed stable rotating state, during each rotation of the asymmetric rotating structure, when the wind vane 5 is in the windward position of 0°, the rotation angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure is the smallest; when the wind vane 5 is in the leeward position of 180°, the rotation angular velocity ω of the asymmetric rotating structure is the largest; when the wind vane 5 is in the 90° direction, the change in the rotation angular velocity ω is the maximum value, that is, the positive value of the rotation angular acceleration δω of the asymmetric rotating structure is the largest; when the wind vane 5 is in the 270° direction, the change in the rotation angular velocity ω is the maximum value, that is, the negative value of the rotation angular acceleration δω of the asymmetric rotating structure is the largest. Therefore, the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve are both in the form of sine-cosine curves, such as Figure 3 Schematic diagram shown.

[0061] Based on the above-mentioned variation law of the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve, the wind direction angle measurement values ​​obtained by solving the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve include:

[0062] Determine the maximum angular velocity θ of the asymmetric rotating structure per rotation according to the rotation angular velocity curve max (ω) and the minimum angular velocity θ min(ω). According to the rotational angular acceleration curve, the maximum angular acceleration θ of the asymmetric rotating structure per rotation is determined. max (δω) and the minimum angular acceleration θ min (δω).

[0063] In one embodiment, in order to reduce the solution error, the maximum angular velocity and the minimum angular velocity of the rotation angular velocity curve in multiple consecutive rotation cycles are first determined respectively, and the maximum angular acceleration and the minimum angular acceleration of the rotation angular acceleration curve in multiple consecutive rotation cycles are determined respectively, and each rotation cycle covers a rotation angle of 360°.

[0064] Then, a clustering algorithm is used to cluster the maximum rotation angular velocities in multiple rotation cycles to obtain the maximum angular velocity θ max (w), clustering algorithm is used to cluster the minimum rotation angular velocity in multiple rotation cycles to obtain the minimum angular velocity θ min (w), clustering algorithm is used to cluster the maximum rotation angular acceleration in multiple rotation periods to obtain the maximum angular acceleration θ max (δω), clustering algorithm is used to cluster the minimum rotation angular acceleration in multiple rotation periods to obtain the minimum angular acceleration θ min (δω). This can eliminate the interference of outliers.

[0065] Then according to the maximum angular velocity θ max (w), minimum angular velocity θ min (w), maximum angular acceleration θ max (δω) and the minimum angular acceleration θ min (δω) is solved to obtain the wind direction angle measurement value.

[0066] In one embodiment, in order to further improve the accuracy of the solution, firstly check whether the angle difference requirement is met: when it is detected that |θ max (δω)-θ min (w)|∈[90°-α, 90°+α] and |θ max (w)-θ max (δω)|∈[90°-α, 90°+α] and |θ min (δω)-θ max (w)|∈[90°-α, 90°+α] and |θ min (w)-θ min (δω)|∈[90°-α, 90°+α], it is determined that the angle difference requirement is met. At this time, we can use θ max (ω), θ min (ω), θ max (δω) and θ min(δω) is solved to obtain the wind direction angle measurement value. Otherwise, the maximum angular velocity θ is re-determined max (ω), minimum angular velocity θ min (ω), maximum angular acceleration θ max (δω) and the minimum angular acceleration θ min (δω). Among them, α is the preset deviation angle, which can be set according to the actual situation.

[0067] In using θ max (ω), θ min (w), θ max (δω) and θ min When solving (δω), first calculate the rough value of wind direction angle for:

[0068]

[0069] Then roughly measure the value based on the wind direction angle The wind direction angle measurement value φ is obtained by solving the problem. One approach is to directly use the rough wind direction angle value As the wind direction angle measurement value φ. However, in order to improve the accuracy of the wind direction angle measurement value obtained by the solution, another approach is to determine the wind direction angle measurement value Among them, Δφ is the wind direction error angle calibrated by the wind tunnel test.

[0070] In order to verify the accuracy and reliability of the wind load measurement results of the integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument of this application, this application is based on Figure 1 The structure of the integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument shown in the figure was simulated by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). In the simulation test, a single-phase external flow simulation was used. According to the actual size of the integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument used, the virtual wind tunnel size was set to 3m×1.5m×1.5m, the incoming wind speed was set to 2m / s, and the wind direction was set to Figure 2 The 0° position in the wind vane 5 is kept consistent with the initial direction of the wind vane 5, and the simulation time is set to 10s. When the asymmetric rotating structure is in a high-speed stable rotation state, the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve obtained by converting the actual measured rotation angle curve are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it can be seen that the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve conform to the sine-cosine curve form within the error range, which is basically consistent with the above theoretical analysis. And the wind speed measurement value and wind direction angle measurement value calculated according to the method of this application are also basically accurate, which fully demonstrates the feasibility of the integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument.

[0071] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. It is understood that other improvements and changes directly derived or associated by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present application should be considered to be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument, characterized in that: The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument comprises a mechanical rotating component (1), a plurality of wind receiving components, an angle sensor (2) and a signal processing circuit (3); All wind receiving components include a plurality of wind cups (4) and a wind vane (5), all wind cups (4) have the same structure, the structure of the wind vane (5) is different from that of the wind cups (4), and all wind receiving components are evenly arranged along the circumference on the same horizontal plane and fixed on the mechanical rotating component (1) to form an asymmetric rotating structure; The angle sensor (2) is fixed on the mechanical rotating component (1), and the signal processing circuit (3) is electrically connected to the angle sensor (2); The signal processing circuit (3) collects a rotation angle curve of the asymmetric rotating structure through the angle sensor (2), and obtains a wind speed measurement value and a wind direction angle measurement value according to the rotation angle curve, wherein the rotation angle curve indicates the rotation angle of the asymmetric rotating structure. Curves of change over time; When the wind vane (5) rotates to a 0° position in the downwind direction, the rotational torque of the asymmetric rotating structure gradually increases from an initial value, causing the rotational angular velocity of the asymmetric rotating structure to Increase; when the wind vane (5) rotates to the 90° position, the torque of the asymmetric rotating structure reaches the maximum value, and the rotational angular velocity The change is the maximum value; after the wind vane (5) rotates through 90°, the rotational torque of the asymmetric rotation structure gradually decreases until the wind vane (5) rotates to 180°, at which time the rotational torque of the asymmetric rotation structure returns to the initial value, at which time the rotational angular velocity of the asymmetric rotation structure is the maximum value; after the wind vane (5) rotates 180°, the wind vane (5) enters the upwind direction, the rotational torque of the asymmetric rotating structure gradually decreases, and the rotational angular velocity of the rotational torque of the asymmetric rotating structure When the wind vane (5) rotates to 270°, the rotational torque of the asymmetric rotating structure is minimum, and the rotational angular velocity of the asymmetric rotating structure is The change is the maximum value; after the wind vane (5) rotates 270°, the rotation torque of the asymmetric rotating structure gradually increases, and the rotation angular velocity of the asymmetric rotating structure Continue to decrease until the wind vane (5) rotates back to the 0° position in the downwind direction, the rotational torque of the asymmetric rotating structure returns to the initial value, and the rotational angular velocity of the asymmetric rotating structure becomes the minimum value.

2. The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind direction angle measurement value obtained by solving the rotation angle curve includes: The rotation angle curve is converted into a rotation angular velocity curve, wherein the rotation angular velocity curve indicates the rotation angular velocity of the asymmetric rotation structure With rotation angle The change curve of The rotation angular velocity curve is converted into a rotation angular acceleration curve, wherein the rotation angular acceleration curve indicates the rotation angular acceleration of the asymmetric rotation structure. With rotation angle The change curve of The wind direction angle measurement value is obtained by calculating the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve.

3. The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the wind direction angle measurement value by solving the rotation angle curve further comprises: When the rotation angular velocity of the asymmetric rotating structure is detected The angular velocity threshold is always reached and the rotation angular velocity When the duration within the angular velocity fluctuation range reaches a stable duration threshold, it is determined that the asymmetric rotating structure is in a high-speed stable rotation state, and the step of calculating the wind direction angle measurement value according to the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve is performed.

4. The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the asymmetric rotating structure is in a high-speed stable rotating state, the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve are both in the form of sine-cosine curves; The step of calculating the wind direction angle measurement value according to the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve comprises: Determine the maximum angular velocity of the asymmetric rotating structure per rotation according to the rotation angular velocity curve and the minimum angular velocity ; Determine the maximum angular acceleration of the asymmetric rotating structure per rotation according to the rotation angular acceleration curve and the minimum angular acceleration ; According to the maximum angular velocity , minimum angular velocity , maximum angular acceleration and the minimum angular acceleration The wind direction angle measurement value is obtained by solving the problem.

5. The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of calculating the wind direction angle measurement value according to the rotation angular velocity curve and the rotation angular acceleration curve further includes: When it is detected that and and and When the maximum angular velocity is used, , minimum angular velocity , maximum angular acceleration and the minimum angular acceleration The step of calculating and obtaining the wind direction angle measurement value; wherein, is the preset deviation angle; Otherwise, redetermine the maximum angular velocity , minimum angular velocity , maximum angular acceleration and the minimum angular acceleration .

6. The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculating and obtaining the wind direction angle measurement value comprises: Calculate the rough wind direction angle for: ； According to the rough value of the wind direction angle The wind direction angle measurement value is obtained by solving the problem.

7. The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rough value of the wind direction angle is Solving the wind direction angle measurement value includes: Determine the wind direction angle measurement ,in, is the wind direction error angle calibrated by the wind tunnel test.

8. The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: Determine the maximum angular velocity , minimum angular velocity , maximum angular acceleration and the minimum angular acceleration include: Determine the maximum rotational angular velocity and the minimum rotational angular velocity of the rotational angular velocity curve in a plurality of consecutive rotational cycles, respectively, and determine the maximum rotational angular acceleration and the minimum rotational angular acceleration of the rotational angular acceleration curve in a plurality of consecutive rotational cycles, respectively, each rotational cycle covering a rotation angle of 360°; The maximum rotation angular velocity in multiple rotation periods is clustered using a clustering algorithm to obtain the maximum angular velocity. , clustering algorithm is used to cluster the minimum rotation angular velocity in multiple rotation cycles to obtain the minimum angular velocity , a clustering algorithm is used to cluster the maximum rotational angular accelerations in multiple rotation periods to obtain the maximum angular acceleration value , a clustering algorithm is used to cluster the minimum rotational angular accelerations in multiple rotation periods to obtain the minimum angular acceleration .

9. The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the wind speed measurement value by solving the rotation angle curve comprises: Determine the rotational angular velocity of the asymmetric rotating structure in the wind speed angular velocity curve obtained by wind tunnel test calibration The corresponding wind speed is used as the wind speed measurement value, and the wind speed angular velocity curve indicates the corresponding relationship between the wind speed and the rotation angular velocity of the asymmetric rotating structure.

10. The integrated wind speed and direction measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weather vane (5) adopts a flat plate structure.

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