Battery cooling system, battery cooling control method, controller and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a battery heat dissipation system, a battery heat dissipation control method, a controller and a storage medium. The battery heat dissipation system includes: a battery liquid cooling system, the battery liquid cooling system includes a radiator; a spray cooling system, which is configured to recover hydrogen fuel cell reaction water and spray it on the surface of the radiator. The present disclosure adds a spray cooling system to the hydrogen fuel cell liquid cooling system, and sprays the recovered hydrogen fuel cell reaction water on the surface of the radiator through the control system, so as to achieve the purpose of strengthening the heat dissipation of the liquid cooling system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of battery heat dissipation, and in particular to a battery heat dissipation system, a battery heat dissipation control method, a controller and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In addition to being used for work, most of the power of the hydrogen fuel heavy truck hydrogen stack system is converted into heat and removed by the cooling system (≥95%). Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a hydrogen fuel cell with a rated power of 115kW needs to remove 158kW of heat from the radiator, which is similar to the heat dissipation at the torque point of a 510-horsepower diesel engine. However, the water temperature limit of a hydrogen fuel cell is generally 85°C, and the liquid-to-air temperature difference is much smaller than that of a diesel engine (water temperature limit 105°C-108°C). In addition, the performance of an electronic fan is also significantly different from that of a mechanical fan. The above reasons make the heat dissipation of hydrogen fuel cells more difficult, which has become one of the main technical bottlenecks of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0003] The inventors found through research that there are two main ways to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of high-power hydrogen fuel cells in related technologies: 1. Improving the heat exchange efficiency of the radiator; 2. Improving the operating temperature of the fuel cell. For vehicle manufacturers, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the radiator is currently the main way. The radiator can only improve its performance to a limited extent (≤5%) by improving its own structure, such as the fin structure and dotting method.

[0004] In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a battery heat dissipation system, a battery heat dissipation control method, a controller and a storage medium, and adds a spray cooling system to the hydrogen fuel cell liquid cooling system. By recycling the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, it is pressurized by an electronic water pump and atomized by an atomizing nozzle and then sprayed on the radiator surface, thereby achieving the purpose of enhancing the heat dissipation of the liquid cooling system.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a battery cooling system is provided, comprising:

[0006] A battery liquid cooling system, wherein the battery liquid cooling system comprises a radiator;

[0007] The spray cooling system is configured to recycle hydrogen fuel cell reaction water and spray it on the radiator surface.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery liquid cooling system further includes an electronic fan and a second electronic water pump.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the spray cooling system is configured to recycle hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, which is pressurized by an electronic water pump and atomized by an atomizing nozzle and then sprayed onto the surface of the radiator.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the spray cooling system comprises:

[0011] a water collection system configured to collect hydrogen fuel cell reaction water;

[0012] a pumping system configured to pressurize hydrogen fuel cell reaction water provided by the water collection system;

[0013] The spray system is configured to use an atomizing nozzle to evenly spray atomized droplets onto the surface of the radiator.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pumping system comprises:

[0015] a first electronic water pump configured to pressurize hydrogen fuel cell reaction water provided by the water collection system;

[0016] The controller is configured to obtain the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan; when the inlet and outlet water temperatures are lower than a predetermined threshold, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are controlled to be closed, and the water collecting tank is controlled to collect and cool the reaction water; when the inlet and outlet water temperatures are greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, the first solenoid valve is controlled to be opened, and according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, a water pump speed control signal is sent to the first electronic water pump to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to query the correspondence diagram between the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell, the electronic fan speed and the injection flow rate according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, and determine the water pump speed control signal; send the water pump speed control signal to the first electronic water pump, control the injection flow rate of the spray cooling system, and control the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell within a safe threshold range.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pumping system further comprises:

[0019] an ambient temperature sensor configured to obtain an ambient temperature and send the ambient temperature to a controller;

[0020] Among them, the controller is also configured to determine whether the ambient temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature threshold; when the ambient temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature threshold, the spray cooling system is controlled to stop working; when the ambient temperature is not lower than the predetermined temperature threshold, the spray cooling system's injection flow is controlled according to the hydrogen fuel cell inlet and outlet water temperatures and the electronic fan speed.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pumping system further comprises:

[0022] A first solenoid valve;

[0023] The controller is also configured to control the first solenoid valve to close when the ambient temperature is less than a predetermined temperature threshold so as to stop the spray cooling system from working; and to control the first solenoid valve to open when the ambient temperature is not less than the predetermined temperature threshold, and to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the water collection system comprises:

[0025] a water collection tank configured to collect hydrogen fuel cell reaction water;

[0026] A liquid level sensor is configured to obtain a water level signal of the water collecting tank;

[0027] a drain port, configured to discharge hydrogen fuel cell reaction water;

[0028] The second solenoid valve is arranged between the water collecting tank and the drain outlet.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller is further configured to open a second solenoid valve switch disposed in the cab to discharge the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water according to a water level signal from the water collecting tank and current vehicle position information.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a battery liquid cooling system includes:

[0031] Radiator, forced liquid cooling system caused by a second electronic water pump in the radiator;

[0032] Electronic fan, wherein the electronic fan causes a forced air cooling system;

[0033] Among them, the forced air cooling system is used to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system;

[0034] The spray cooling system is used to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a spray cooling system is used to enhance the heat dissipation of a forced liquid cooling system based on isenthalpic humidification, liquid film evaporation, and forced convection;

[0036] Forced air cooling system is used to enhance the heat dissipation of spray cooling system and forced liquid cooling system by enhancing air flow to improve heat transfer, enhance liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the injection system is disposed on a first side of the radiator, and the electronic fan is disposed on a second side of the radiator, where the second side is opposite to the first side.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the heat sink includes heat pipes and heat belts arranged at intervals.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coolant flows in the heat pipe and conducts the heat out through the heat dissipation belt, and the electronic fan transfers the heat on the heat dissipation belt to the surrounding environment by enhancing the air flow.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the spray system includes an atomizing nozzle, a spray seat, a three-way joint, a four-way joint, etc.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the distance between the atomizing nozzle and the radiator surface is a predetermined height, and the atomizing nozzle sprays on the radiator surface at a first predetermined angle, wherein the first predetermined angle is the angle between the spraying direction and the wind direction of the electronic fan.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller is also configured to determine the hydrogen consumption based on the hydrogen stack power, Faraday coefficient, hydrogen fuel cell cell voltage and the molar mass of hydrogen when the hydrogen stack of the whole vehicle is output at rated power; determine the amount of water generated at the corresponding vehicle speed based on the hydrogen consumption as a flow injection limit; and determine the model parameters of the first electronic water pump, the number of nozzles of the array injection system, the injection angle and the injection height based on the flow injection limit.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the injection system includes a plurality of nozzles, spray seats, three-way joints, four-way joints, etc. arranged in an array.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller is further configured to determine a nozzle arrangement rule based on a flow injection limit and a critical heat flux density conclusion.

[0045] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a battery heat dissipation control method is provided, comprising:

[0046] Control the spray cooling system to recycle hydrogen fuel cell reaction water;

[0047] The spray cooling system is controlled to spray hydrogen fuel cell reaction water onto the surface of the radiator, wherein the battery heat dissipation system includes a battery liquid cooling system and a spray cooling system, and the battery liquid cooling system includes a radiator.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controlling the spray cooling system to recover hydrogen fuel cell reaction water comprises:

[0049] The control water collection system collects hydrogen fuel cell reaction water.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, controlling the spray cooling system to spray hydrogen fuel cell reaction water onto the surface of the radiator includes:

[0051] Controlling the first electronic water pump to pressurize the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water provided by the water collection system;

[0052] The spray system is controlled to spray the atomized droplets evenly onto the surface of the radiator.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery heat dissipation control method further includes:

[0054] Obtain the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan;

[0055] When the inlet and outlet water temperatures are lower than a predetermined threshold, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are controlled to close, and the water collecting tank is controlled to collect and cool the reaction water;

[0056] When the inlet and outlet water temperatures are greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, the first solenoid valve is controlled to open; according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, a water pump speed control signal is sent to the first electronic water pump to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, sending a water pump speed control signal to the first electronic water pump according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system includes:

[0058] According to the inlet and outlet water temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, query the corresponding relationship diagram of the inlet and outlet water temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, the speed of the electronic fan and the injection flow rate to determine the water pump speed control signal;

[0059] A water pump speed control signal is sent to the first electronic water pump to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system and to control the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell within a safe threshold range.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery heat dissipation control method further includes:

[0061] Get the ambient temperature collected by the ambient temperature sensor;

[0062] Determining whether the ambient temperature is less than a predetermined temperature threshold;

[0063] When the ambient temperature is lower than a preset temperature threshold, the spray cooling system is controlled to stop working;

[0064] When the ambient temperature is not less than a predetermined temperature threshold, the spray flow rate of the spray cooling system is controlled according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, controlling the spray cooling system to stop working when the ambient temperature is less than a predetermined temperature threshold includes: controlling the first solenoid valve to close to control the spray cooling system to stop working when the ambient temperature is less than the predetermined temperature threshold.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the ambient temperature is not less than a predetermined temperature threshold, controlling the jet flow of the spray cooling system according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan includes: when the ambient temperature is not less than a predetermined temperature threshold, controlling the first solenoid valve to open, and controlling the jet flow of the spray cooling system according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery heat dissipation control method further includes:

[0068] According to the water level signal of the water collecting tank and the current position information of the vehicle, the second solenoid valve switch located in the cab is opened to discharge the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, wherein the second solenoid valve is arranged between the water collecting tank and the drain port, the drain port is configured to discharge the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, the water collecting tank is configured to collect the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, and the liquid level sensor is configured to obtain the water level signal of the water collecting tank.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery heat dissipation control method further includes:

[0070] Controlling the forced air cooling system to strengthen the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system, wherein the battery liquid cooling system includes a radiator, an electronic fan, and a second electronic water pump, and the radiator includes a forced liquid cooling system caused by the second electronic water pump and a forced air cooling system caused by the electronic fan;

[0071] Control the spray cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controlling of the forced air cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system includes: controlling the forced air cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system by enhancing air flow to improve heat transfer, enhance liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, controlling the spray cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system includes: controlling the spray cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system based on isenthalpic humidification, liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery heat dissipation control method further includes:

[0075] Under the condition of rated power output of hydrogen stack of the whole vehicle, the hydrogen consumption is determined according to the hydrogen stack power, Faraday coefficient, hydrogen fuel cell cell voltage and hydrogen molar mass;

[0076] The amount of water generated at the corresponding vehicle speed is calculated based on the hydrogen consumption as the flow injection limit;

[0077] According to the flow injection limit, the model parameters of the first electronic water pump, the number of nozzles of the array injection system, the injection angle and the injection height are determined.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery heat dissipation control method further includes:

[0079] The nozzle arrangement rules of the array injection system are determined according to the flow injection limit and the critical heat flux density conclusion, wherein the spray cooling system includes the injection system, and the injection system includes multiple nozzles, nozzle seats, three-way joints, four-way joints, etc. arranged in an array.

[0080] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a controller, comprising:

[0081] A first control module is configured to control a spray cooling system to recover hydrogen fuel cell reaction water;

[0082] The second control module is configured to control the spray cooling system to spray hydrogen fuel cell reaction water onto the surface of the radiator, wherein the battery heat dissipation system includes a battery liquid cooling system and a spray cooling system, and the battery liquid cooling system includes a radiator.

[0083] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a controller, comprising:

[0084] A memory for storing instructions;

[0085] The processor is used to execute the instruction so that the controller implements the battery heat dissipation control method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0086] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the battery heat dissipation control method as described in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0087] The present invention adds a spray cooling system to the hydrogen fuel cell liquid cooling system, which achieves the purpose of strengthening the heat dissipation of the liquid cooling system by recycling the reaction water of the hydrogen fuel cell, pressurizing it with an electronic water pump, atomizing it with an atomizing nozzle, and then spraying it on the radiator surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0088] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0089] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the comparison of hydrogen thrust and engine parameters for the battery heat dissipation control method based on image acquisition sequence.

[0090] Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of some embodiments of the battery cooling system disclosed herein.

[0091] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation system of the battery disclosed in the present invention that couples spray cooling with liquid cooling.

[0092] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enhanced effect of coupling spray cooling and liquid cooling in some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0093] Figure 5 Psychrometric diagram of an air adiabatic isenthalpic humidification process in some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0094] Figure 6 Schematic diagrams of some further embodiments of the battery cooling system disclosed herein.

[0095] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the heat dissipation and heat exchange mechanism of the spray cooling enhanced liquid cooling system disclosed in the present invention.

[0096] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of some embodiments of the battery heat dissipation control method disclosed in the present invention.

[0097] Fig. 9 Schematic diagrams of other embodiments of the battery heat dissipation control method disclosed in the present invention.

[0098] Fig.10 This is a spray flow control MAP diagram of the spray cooling system in some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0099] Fig.11 Schematic diagrams of some other embodiments of the battery heat dissipation control method disclosed in the present invention.

[0100] Fig.12 Schematic diagrams of some embodiments of the controller disclosed herein.

[0101] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the structure of other embodiments of the controller disclosed in the present invention.

[0102] Figures 1 to 13In the figure, each reference numeral represents: 10, battery liquid cooling system; 11, radiator; 111, tube-belt radiator; 112, heat pipe; 113, heat belt; 12, electronic fan; 13, electronic thermostat; 14, hydrogen fuel cell body water jacket; 15, second electronic water pump; 16, expansion tank; 17, hydrogen fuel cell system controller; 18, fan speed control signal; 19, hydrogen fuel cell temperature signal; 20, spray cooling system; 21, water collection system; 211, water collection tank; 213, drain; 214, second solenoid valve; 215, solenoid valve switch; 216, overflow Water hole; 217, exhaust port; 218, hydrogen push reaction water; 219, exhaust muffler; 22, pumping system; 221, first electronic water pump; 222, controller; 223, ambient temperature sensor; 224, first solenoid valve; 225, water pump speed control signal; 23, injection system; 231, array atomizing nozzle; 51, water inlet direction of liquid cooling system; 52, water outlet direction of liquid cooling system; 53 wind direction of air cooling system; 54, atomizing cone angle; 121, first control module; 122, second control module; 71, memory; 72, processor; 73, communication interface; 74, bus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0103] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present disclosure and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0104] Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0105] At the same time, it should be understood that for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship.

[0106] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered as part of the specification.

[0107] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0108] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0109] The present disclosure shifts the focus of improving the heat dissipation performance of hydrogen fuel cells to the development and application of enhanced means such as high-voltage electronic fans and spray cooling.

[0110] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of some embodiments of the battery cooling system disclosed in the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the battery heat dissipation system of the present disclosure may include a battery liquid cooling system 10 and a spray cooling system 20, wherein:

[0111] A battery liquid cooling system 10 includes a radiator, an electronic fan, a second electronic water pump, and the like.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic fan may be an electronic fan of various structures such as a suction type electronic fan, a blower type electronic fan, etc.

[0113] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic fan may be a radiator of various structures such as a tube-belt radiator.

[0114] The spray cooling system 20 is configured to recover hydrogen fuel cell reaction water and spray the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water onto the surface of the radiator.

[0115] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the spray cooling system 20 may be configured to recycle hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, which is pressurized by an electronic water pump and atomized by an atomizing nozzle and then sprayed onto the surface of the radiator.

[0116] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, spray cooling is to atomize the coolant into fine droplets (Sauter average diameter is 20um-100um) through an atomizing device (atomizing nozzle) under the action of external energy and spray it onto the heat exchange surface, and the purpose of cooling is achieved by heat transfer and convection heat transfer of the atomized droplets. The main advantages of spray cooling are small heat transfer resistance, strong heat dissipation capacity, good temperature uniformity, and low medium flow requirements.

[0117] The above-mentioned embodiment of the present disclosure adds a spray cooling system to the hydrogen fuel cell liquid cooling system, and achieves the purpose of strengthening the heat dissipation of the liquid cooling system by recycling the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water and spraying it on the radiator surface.

[0118] Figure 3 Schematic diagrams of other embodiments of the battery cooling system disclosed in the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the spray cooling system of the present disclosure (e.g. Figure 2The spray cooling system 20 of the embodiment may include a water collection system 21 , a pumping system 22 , and a spraying system 23 .

[0119] The water collection system 21 is configured to collect hydrogen fuel cell reaction water.

[0120] The pumping system 22 is configured to pressurize the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water provided by the water collection system 21 .

[0121] The spray system 23 is configured to spray the atomized droplets uniformly onto the surface of the radiator.

[0122] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 3 As shown, the spray system 23 may include an array of atomizing nozzles 231 .

[0123] The purpose of the present disclosure is to solve the bottleneck problem of heat dissipation of high-power hydrogen fuel cells. The embodiment proposes a method of adding a spray cooling technology for heat dissipation of high-power electronic devices to the existing hydrogen fuel cell liquid cooling system. By collecting hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, using a pumping system to increase the pressure, and using an atomizing nozzle to spray the atomized droplets onto the surface of the radiator in the forced circulation water cooling system, the two systems are coupled to achieve the purpose of enhancing heat exchange and recycling hydrogen fuel cell reaction water.

[0124] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 3 As shown, the pumping system 22 may include a first electronic water pump 221 and a controller 222 .

[0125] The first electronic water pump 221 is configured to pressurize the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water provided by the water collection system 21 .

[0126] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first electronic water pump 221 may be a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) water pump.

[0127] The controller 222 is configured to obtain the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan; when the inlet and outlet water temperatures are lower than a predetermined threshold, the first solenoid valve 224 and the second solenoid valve 214 are controlled to be closed, and the water collecting tank is controlled to collect and cool the reaction water; when the inlet and outlet water temperatures are greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, the first solenoid valve 224 is controlled to be opened and a water pump speed control signal is sent to the first electronic water pump 221 according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, so as to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system.

[0128] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller 222 may be configured to query a corresponding relationship MAP diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell inlet and outlet water temperature, the electronic fan speed and the injection flow rate according to the hydrogen fuel cell inlet and outlet water temperature and the electronic fan speed. Fig.10 ), determine the water pump speed control signal; send a water pump speed control signal to the first electronic water pump 221, control the injection flow of the spray cooling system, and control the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell within a safe threshold range.

[0129] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 3 As shown, the pumping system 22 may further include an ambient temperature sensor 223 .

[0130] The ambient temperature sensor 223 is configured to obtain the ambient temperature and send the ambient temperature to the controller 222 .

[0131] The controller 222 can also be configured to determine whether the ambient temperature is less than a predetermined temperature threshold; when the ambient temperature is less than the predetermined temperature threshold, control the spray cooling system to stop working; when the ambient temperature is not less than the predetermined temperature threshold, control the spray cooling system's injection flow rate according to the hydrogen fuel cell inlet and outlet water temperatures and the electronic fan speed.

[0132] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 3 As shown, the pumping system 22 may further include a first solenoid valve 224 .

[0133] The first solenoid valve 224 is disposed on a pipeline between the first electronic water pump 221 and the water collection system 21 .

[0134] The controller 222 can also be configured to control the first solenoid valve 224 to close when the ambient temperature is less than a predetermined temperature threshold so as to stop the spray cooling system from working; and to control the first solenoid valve 224 to open when the ambient temperature is not less than the predetermined temperature threshold, and to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

[0135] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 3 As shown, the water collection system 21 may include a water collection tank 211, a liquid level sensor, a drain port 213 and a second solenoid valve 214, wherein:

[0136] The water collecting tank 211 is configured to collect hydrogen fuel cell reaction water and cool it.

[0137] The liquid level sensor is configured to obtain a water level signal from the water collecting tank.

[0138] The drain port 213 is configured to discharge the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water.

[0139] The second solenoid valve 214 is disposed between the water collecting tank and the drain outlet.

[0140] The controller 222 may also be configured to open the second solenoid valve to discharge the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water according to the water level signal of the water collecting tank and the current position information of the vehicle.

[0141] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 3 As shown, the battery liquid cooling system 10 may include a radiator 11, an electronic fan 12, an electronic thermostat 13, a hydrogen fuel cell body water jacket 14, a second electronic water pump 15, an expansion water tank 16 and a hydrogen fuel cell system controller (FCU) 17, wherein:

[0142] The radiator 11 includes a forced liquid cooling system.

[0143] The electronic fan 12 , wherein the electronic fan causes a forced air cooling system.

[0144] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enhanced effect of coupling spray cooling and liquid cooling system in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the strengthening effect after coupling of the forced liquid cooling system in the radiator, the forced cooling system caused by the electronic fan and the spray cooling system is given.

[0145] like Figure 4 As shown, the forced air cooling system is used to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system 20 and the forced liquid cooling system.

[0146] like Figure 4 As shown, the spray cooling system 20 is used to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system.

[0147] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the spray cooling system 20 can be used to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system based on isenthalpic humidification.

[0148] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the spray cooling system 20 can be used to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system based on isenthalpic humidification, liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

[0149] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a forced air cooling system can be used to enhance the heat dissipation of a spray cooling system and a forced liquid cooling system by enhancing air flow to improve heat transfer, enhance liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

[0150] The water collection system of the spray cooling system disclosed in the present invention collects the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, and after being pressurized by the electronic water pump, the atomized droplets are evenly sprayed on the surface of the liquid cooling system radiator through the nozzle, realizing the coupling of the two systems, achieving the purpose of strengthening heat exchange and recycling the water generated by the fuel cell. The heat dissipation mechanism disclosed in the present invention can be explained by isenthalpic humidification, liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

[0151] First, isenthalpic humidification.

[0152] After the droplets atomized by the atomizing nozzle enter the air, without considering the influence of the liquid cooling system, the droplets mix with the air, and the vaporized droplets take away a large amount of latent heat of vaporization. The moisture content of the air increases, the relative humidity increases, the sensible heat decreases, and the temperature decreases. In theory, this process is similar to an adiabatic isenthalpic humidification process. Figure 5 shown. Figure 5 Psychrometric diagram of an air adiabatic isenthalpic humidification process in some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0153] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, point 1 is the state of air before spraying, and point 2 is the state of air after spraying. The comparison before and after spraying can be carried out according to the following calculation process.

[0154] Determine the water vapor partial pressure according to formula (1): , where water vapor partial pressure refers to the pressure formed by water vapor in humid air.

[0155] (1)

[0156] In formula (1), is the relative humidity of air, in %; is the water vapor saturation pressure, in kPa.

[0157] Determine the air humidity before spraying according to formula (2): .

[0158] (2)

[0159] In formula (2), is the air pressure in kPa.

[0160] Determine the air enthalpy before spraying according to formula (3): .

[0161] (3)

[0162] In formula (3), , It is the air temperature before and after spraying, in °C.

[0163] Determine the air enthalpy after spraying according to formula (4): .

[0164] (4)

[0165] Determine the air humidity after spraying according to formula (5): .

[0166] (5)

[0167] According to the psychrometric diagram, in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present disclosure, when the enthalpy value of the system remains unchanged, the moisture content of the air increases and the temperature decreases after spraying, and the temperature difference between the liquid and air around the radiator increases, which is extremely beneficial to the heat dissipation of the radiator of the liquid cooling system.

[0168] Second, liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

[0169] The present disclosure takes a tube-belt radiator as an example to discuss in detail the heat dissipation process of a hydrogen fuel cell liquid cooling system enhanced by spray cooling.

[0170] Figure 6 Schematic diagrams of some other embodiments of the battery cooling system disclosed in the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the array atomizing nozzle 231 of the injection system 23 is arranged on the first side of the radiator, and the electronic fan 12 is arranged on the second side of the radiator, and the second side is the opposite side of the first side. Figure 6 The first side shown is the front side, and the second side is the rear side. The radiator 11 is a tube-belt radiator 111, and the tube-belt radiator 111 includes heat pipes 112 and heat belts 113 arranged at intervals. For ease of description, Figure 6 The radiator in the middle is a partial enlarged view.

[0171] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the spray system includes components such as an atomizing nozzle, a spray seat, a three-way joint, and a four-way joint.

[0172] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the distance between the atomizing nozzle and the radiator surface is a predetermined height, and the atomizing nozzle sprays on the surface of the tube-belt radiator at a first predetermined angle, wherein the first predetermined angle is the angle between the spraying direction and the wind direction of the electronic fan.

[0173] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coolant flows in the heat pipe and conducts the heat out through the heat dissipation belt. The air-suction electronic fan is placed on the rear side of the radiator to transfer the heat on the heat dissipation belt to the surrounding environment by enhancing the air flow. Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the heat dissipation and heat exchange mechanism of the spray cooling enhanced liquid cooling system disclosed in the present invention is shown in FIG. The spray system atomizing nozzle is at a certain height H from the radiator surface and sprays at a certain angle α onto the surface of the tube-belt radiator (such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the spray direction forms an angle α (α<45°) along the wind direction of the electronic fan. When there is no electronic fan, the droplets sprayed onto the heat pipe rebound at a certain angle, and the droplets sprayed onto the heat dissipation belt partially rebound and partially move between the heat dissipation belts. After adding the influence of the electronic fan, the atomized droplets move between the heat dissipation belts.

[0174] like Figure 7As shown in the figure, the droplets move between the heat dissipation belts and hit the heat dissipation pipe and the surface of the heat dissipation belt. The liquid that has no time to evaporate and drain forms a thin liquid film on its surface. The shape of the liquid film is affected by the random movement of the spray droplets and presents an irregular state. However, due to the influence of the forced air cooling system, the liquid film moves along the air flow direction as a whole. The irregularly moving droplets impact the liquid film to produce additional disturbances, which reduces the thickness of the local liquid film, that is, the thermal resistance, and greatly improves the evaporation efficiency of the liquid film. From a microscopic perspective, the forced air cooling system caused by the electronic fan enables the molecules on the surface of the liquid to have enough kinetic energy to overcome the attraction between the molecules in the liquid. The molecules break away from the liquid surface and fly outward, and evaporation occurs. The faster the air flows, the smaller the chance of the molecules returning to the liquid, and the faster the evaporation.

[0175] like Figure 7 As shown, after the atomizing nozzle sprays onto the radiator surface at a certain angle α, the droplets will cause strong disturbances in the liquid film, and due to the existence of the atomizing cone angle θ, the path of the droplets sprayed on the heat dissipation belt has an angle with the liquid film, and the spray droplets have a significant pushing and flushing effect on the liquid film. At the same time, the accelerated movement of the droplets caused by the air cooling system leads to a stronger impact force and a stronger heat exchange capacity.

[0176] like Figure 3 As shown, the battery heat dissipation system disclosed in the present invention is mainly composed of a liquid cooling system and a spray cooling system. The liquid cooling system includes a radiator, an electronic fan, an electronic thermostat, a hydrogen fuel cell body water jacket, etc.; the spray cooling system includes a water collection system, a pumping system and an array injection system. The water collection system is mainly a water collection tank, the pumping system mainly includes a small flow electronic water pump and its control module, and the array injection system mainly includes a plurality of low-pressure nozzles arranged in an array; the heat dissipation mechanism after the two systems are coupled is realized by isenthalpic humidification, liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

[0177] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller 222 can also be configured to determine the hydrogen consumption based on the hydrogen stack power, Faraday coefficient, hydrogen fuel cell cell voltage and the molar mass of hydrogen when the hydrogen stack of the whole vehicle is output at rated power; determine the amount of water generated at the corresponding vehicle speed based on the hydrogen consumption as a flow injection limit; and determine the model parameters of the first electronic water pump, the number of nozzles of the array injection system, the injection angle and the injection height based on the flow injection limit.

[0178] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller 222 can also be configured to calculate the hydrogen consumption of the vehicle when the hydrogen stack is at rated power output according to formula (7), and calculate the amount of generated water at the corresponding vehicle speed according to formula (8) as the flow injection limit; and determine the model parameters of the first electronic water pump 221, the number of nozzles of the array injection system 23, the injection angle and the injection height according to the flow injection limit.

[0179] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the injection system 23 includes a plurality of injection heads arranged in an array.

[0180] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller 222 may also be configured to determine a nozzle arrangement rule according to a flow injection limit and a CHF (Critical Heat Flux) conclusion.

[0181] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 3 As shown, the water collecting tank 211 of the spray cooling system is installed at the rear end of the exhaust pipe, and a cyclonic gas-liquid separation structure is used inside to separate the collected water vapor (including hydrogen and gas-liquid phase water). The separated liquid flows along the wall of the water tank to the lower water storage area, and the hydrogen that is extremely insoluble in water is discharged from the exhaust port; the pumping system 22 uses the first electronic water pump 221 to pump the reaction water collected in the water collecting tank to the injection system. The first electronic water pump must follow the principle of small flow and high pressure, and try to increase the pressure as much as possible while meeting the flow demand, so as to improve the atomization quality of the atomizing nozzle; the array injection system determines the nozzle arrangement rules according to the flow injection limit and CHF conclusion.

[0182] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the determination of the flow injection limit may include the following steps.

[0183] First, the hydrogen consumption is determined.

[0184] According to Faraday's first law, the hydrogen consumption rate can be determined according to formula (6).

[0185] (6)

[0186] In formula (6), is the hydrogen consumption (g / s); is the molar mass of hydrogen; n is the number of cells in the stack; I is the stack flow rate (A, i.e., C / s, indicating the number of electron charges passing through per second); F is the Faraday coefficient (C / mol, indicating the amount of charge carried by each mole of electrons), which is taken as 9.65×10 4 ; 2 means that 1 mol of hydrogen reacts to produce 2 mol of electrons.

[0187] Typically, the hydrogen stack power P is a known term, which is defined as the hydrogen fuel cell cell voltage which is generally 0.7 V, so formula (6) is converted into formula (7) in the present disclosure.

[0188] (7)

[0189] The hydrogen consumption under different hydrogen stack powers can be calculated by formula (7).

[0190] Second, calculation of water generation.

[0191] According to the internal chemical reaction formula of the fuel cell: , the consumption rate of hydrogen (mol / s) is the generation rate of water (mol / s), the mass of 1 mol of hydrogen is 2 g, and the mass of 1 mol of water is 18 g, so the generation rate of water is as shown in formula (8).

[0192] (8)

[0193] The amount of generated water calculated in formula (8) is the injection flow limit, and the actual injection flow should be less than the injection limit.

[0194] The present disclosure is based on the theoretical calculation of hydrogen consumption (Formula (7)) when the vehicle hydrogen stack is at rated power output. According to the hydrogen fuel cell chemical reaction formula (Formula (8)), the generated water volume at the corresponding vehicle speed is calculated as the injection limit, and the water pump model, the number of nozzles of the array injection system, the injection angle, the injection height, etc. are determined; the spray cooling water collection system collects the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water and cools it down appropriately. After being pressurized by the electronic water pump, the atomized droplets are evenly sprayed on the surface of the liquid cooling system radiator through the nozzle, realizing the coupling of the two systems, and achieving the purpose of strengthening heat exchange and recycling the fuel cell generated water.

[0195] The present disclosure relates to the field of new technology development and control of a battery cooling system for a new energy heavy truck, and specifically to a cooling technology and system for a hydrogen fuel cell of a new energy heavy truck coupled with a spray cooling and liquid cooling system.

[0196] The present disclosure mainly discusses adding a spray cooling system to the hydrogen fuel cell liquid cooling system, and achieving the purpose of strengthening the heat dissipation of the liquid cooling system by recycling the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water and spraying it on the radiator surface, and calibrating to form a MAP diagram of hydrogen fuel cell water temperature-electronic fan speed-injection flow rate. During actual operation, the hydrogen stack heat dissipation control module realizes accurate matching of the injection flow rate by collecting the hydrogen fuel cell outlet water temperature and fan speed based on the MAP diagram, thereby reducing the vehicle layout space, reducing the number of parts used, reducing the energy consumption of the battery cooling system, reducing the user's operating costs, solving the technical bottleneck of hydrogen fuel cell power increase and heat dissipation difficulties, and promoting the promotion and application of zero-emission hydrogen fuel cell heavy trucks.

[0197] The present invention solves the bottleneck problem of heat dissipation of high-power hydrogen fuel cells. An embodiment proposes a method of adding a spray cooling technology for heat dissipation of high-power electronic devices to the existing hydrogen fuel cell liquid cooling system. By collecting hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, using an electronic water pump to increase the pressure, and using an atomizing nozzle to spray the atomized droplets onto the surface of the radiator in the forced circulation water cooling system, the two systems are coupled to achieve the purpose of enhancing heat exchange and recycling the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water.

[0198] Figure 8Schematic diagram of some embodiments of the battery heat dissipation control method disclosed in the present invention. Figure 8 The embodiments may be executed by the controller of the present disclosure or the battery cooling system of the present disclosure. Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 The method of the embodiment may include at least one of steps 81 to 82 .

[0199] Step 81, controlling the spray cooling system 20 to recover hydrogen fuel cell reaction water.

[0200] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 81 may include: controlling the water collection system 21 to collect hydrogen fuel cell reaction water.

[0201] Step 82, controlling the spray cooling system 20 to spray hydrogen fuel cell reaction water onto the surface of the radiator, wherein the battery heat dissipation system includes a battery liquid cooling system 10 and a spray cooling system 20, and the battery liquid cooling system 10 includes a radiator.

[0202] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 82 may include: controlling the first electronic water pump 221 to pressurize the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water provided by the water collection system 21; and controlling the injection system 23 to uniformly spray the atomized droplets onto the surface of the radiator.

[0203] Fig. 9 Schematic diagrams of other embodiments of the battery heat dissipation control method disclosed in the present invention. Fig. 9 The embodiments may be executed by the controller of the present disclosure or the battery cooling system of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 As shown, Fig. 9 The method of the embodiment may include at least one of steps 91 to 93 .

[0204] Step 91, obtaining the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

[0205] Step 92, when the inlet and outlet water temperatures are lower than a predetermined threshold, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are controlled to close, and the water collecting tank is controlled to collect and cool the reaction water.

[0206] Step 93, when the inlet and outlet water temperatures are greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, control the first solenoid valve to open; according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, send a water pump speed control signal to the first electronic water pump 221 to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system 20.

[0207] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 93 may include: querying a corresponding relationship MAP diagram of the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell, the electronic fan speed and the injection flow rate according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, and determining a water pump speed control signal; sending a water pump speed control signal to the first electronic water pump 221 to control the injection flow rate of the spray cooling system 20, and controlling the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell within a safe threshold range.

[0208] In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present disclosure, when the hydrogen fuel cell is in a low power output state, the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell are low, the injection system does not work (the first solenoid valve 224 is closed), and the water collecting tank solenoid valve (the second solenoid valve) is in a normally closed state. At this time, the water collecting tank collects and cools the reaction water to compensate for the insufficient injection flow rate under high power operation. After the hydrogen stack is operated at high power, the water temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell gradually increases. The controller 222 collects the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell, the speed of the electronic fan and other parameters collected by the VCU / FCU according to the water temperature-electronic fan speed-injection flow rate MAP diagram (such as Fig.10 As shown), the spray flow rate of the spray cooling system is accurately controlled to control the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell within the safety threshold range, ensuring that the hydrogen fuel cell system operates within the optimal operating temperature range. Fig.10 This is a MAP diagram for the spray cooling system injection flow control in some embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that if the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell are too high, the proton exchange membrane will be dehydrated, the conductivity will decrease, and the life and safety will be affected. If the temperature is too low, the catalyst activity will be weakened, the output voltage will decrease, and the hydrogen stack will operate at reduced power. The temperature range of too high and too low temperatures here is small. Flow control according to the MAP diagram can achieve a refined match between the spray cooling and liquid cooling coupling system.

[0209] The present disclosure establishes a MAP diagram of hydrogen fuel cell water temperature-electronic fan speed-injection flow rate through a whole vehicle calibration test. The hydrogen stack heat dissipation control module is based on the hydrogen fuel cell inlet and outlet water temperatures, electronic fan speed and other parameters collected by VCU (Vehicle Control Unit, vehicle controller) / FCU (Fuel cellControl Unit, fuel cell controller, i.e., the hydrogen fuel cell system controller of the present disclosure). According to the MAP diagram, the hydrogen fuel cell inlet and outlet water temperatures, electronic fan speed and other parameters are accurately controlled to control the injection flow rate of the spray system, and the hydrogen fuel cell inlet and outlet water temperatures are controlled within the safety threshold range, thereby ensuring that the hydrogen fuel cell system operates within the optimal operating temperature range.

[0210] Fig.11 Schematic diagrams of some other embodiments of the battery heat dissipation control method disclosed in the present invention. Fig.11 The embodiments may be executed by the controller of the present disclosure or the battery cooling system of the present disclosure. Fig.11 As shown, Fig.11The method of the embodiment may include at least one of steps 11 to 14.

[0211] Step 11, obtaining the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell, the speed of the electronic fan, and the ambient temperature collected by the ambient temperature sensor 223.

[0212] Step 12: determine whether the ambient temperature is less than a predetermined temperature threshold.

[0213] Step 13: When the ambient temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature threshold, the spray cooling system 20 is controlled to stop working.

[0214] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 13 may include: when the ambient temperature is less than a predetermined temperature threshold, controlling the first solenoid valve to close, so as to control the spray cooling system 20 to stop working.

[0215] Step 14, when the ambient temperature is not less than a predetermined temperature threshold, the spray flow rate of the spray cooling system 20 is controlled according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

[0216] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 14 may include: when the ambient temperature is not less than a predetermined temperature threshold, controlling the first solenoid valve to open, and controlling the injection flow of the spray cooling system 20 according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

[0217] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery heat dissipation control method may further include: opening a second solenoid valve switch to discharge hydrogen fuel cell reaction water according to a water level signal of a water collecting tank and current vehicle position information, wherein the second solenoid valve is disposed between the water collecting tank and a drain port, the drain port is configured to discharge hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, the water collecting tank is configured to collect hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, and the liquid level sensor is configured to obtain a water level signal of the water collecting tank.

[0218] When the ambient temperature is low in winter, the temperature difference of the liquid around the hydrogen fuel cell becomes larger, and the heat dissipation performance is better. Only the liquid cooling system can meet the heat dissipation requirements, and the operation of the injection system in winter will cause the outer surface of the liquid cooling system to freeze, reducing the life of the liquid cooling system. Therefore, the pumping pipeline of the present disclosure is equipped with a first solenoid valve, and the ambient temperature sensor collects the ambient temperature and feeds it back to the hydrogen stack heat dissipation control module. When the ambient temperature is less than the set temperature threshold, the control module closes the first solenoid valve and the injection system stops working.

[0219] At this time, the water collection system collects the reaction water. The present invention can select a suitable position to use the solenoid valve switch to remove the reaction water according to the water level signal transmitted by the liquid level sensor, so as to prevent the reaction water from directly flowing to the ground and freezing, thereby improving the driving safety of the vehicle.

[0220] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery heat dissipation control method may further include: controlling the forced air cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system 20 and the forced liquid cooling system, wherein the battery liquid cooling system 10 includes a radiator, an electronic fan and a second electronic water pump, and the radiator includes a forced liquid cooling system caused by the second electronic water pump and a forced air cooling system caused by the electronic fan; controlling the spray cooling system 20 to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system.

[0221] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of controlling the forced air cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system 20 and the forced liquid cooling system may include: controlling the forced air cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system by enhancing air flow to improve heat transfer, enhance liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

[0222] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of controlling the spray cooling system 20 to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system may include: controlling the spray cooling system 20 to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system based on isenthalpic humidification, liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

[0223] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery heat dissipation control method may also include: determining the hydrogen consumption according to the hydrogen stack power, Faraday coefficient, hydrogen fuel cell cell voltage and the molar mass of hydrogen when the hydrogen stack of the whole vehicle is output at rated power; calculating the amount of generated water at the corresponding vehicle speed according to the hydrogen consumption as a flow injection limit; determining the model parameters of the first electronic water pump, the number of nozzles of the array injection system, the injection angle and the injection height according to the flow injection limit.

[0224] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery heat dissipation control method may further include: determining the nozzle arrangement rules of the array injection system according to the flow injection limit and the critical heat flux density conclusion, wherein the spray cooling system includes the injection system, and the injection system includes a plurality of nozzles, nozzle seats, three-way joints, four-way joints, etc. arranged in an array.

[0225] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of some embodiments of the controller disclosed in the present invention. Fig.12 As shown, the controller of the present disclosure (e.g. Figure 3 The controller 222 of the embodiment may include a first control module 121 and a second control module 122 .

[0226] The first control module 121 is configured to control the spray cooling system 20 to recover hydrogen fuel cell reaction water.

[0227] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first control module 121 may be configured to control a water collection system to collect hydrogen fuel cell reaction water.

[0228] The second control module 122 is configured to control the spray cooling system 20 to spray hydrogen fuel cell reaction water onto the surface of the radiator, wherein the battery heat dissipation system includes a battery liquid cooling system 10 and a spray cooling system 20, and the battery liquid cooling system 10 includes a radiator.

[0229] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second control module 122 may be configured to control the first electronic water pump to pressurize the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water provided by the water collection system; and control the injection system to uniformly spray the atomized droplets onto the radiator surface.

[0230] The spray cooling system disclosed in the present invention collects hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, and after being pressurized by an electronic water pump, atomized droplets are evenly sprayed onto the surface of the liquid cooling system radiator through a nozzle, thereby coupling the two systems and achieving the purpose of enhancing heat exchange and recycling water generated by the fuel cell.

[0231] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller of the present disclosure can also be configured to obtain the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan; when the inlet and outlet water temperatures are lower than a predetermined threshold, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are controlled to be closed, and the water collecting tank is controlled to collect and cool the reaction water; when the inlet and outlet water temperatures are greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, the first solenoid valve is controlled to be opened; according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, a water pump speed control signal is sent to the first electronic water pump to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system.

[0232] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller of the present disclosure can be configured to query a correspondence diagram of the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell, the electronic fan speed and the injection flow rate according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the electronic fan speed, determine the water pump speed control signal, and send a water pump speed control signal to the first electronic water pump to control the injection flow rate of the spray cooling system, so as to control the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell within a safe threshold range.

[0233] The hydrogen stack heat dissipation control module disclosed in the present invention is based on the parameters such as the hydrogen fuel cell inlet and outlet water temperatures and the electronic fan speed collected by the VCU / FCU, and according to the water temperature-electronic fan speed-injection flow MAP diagram, accurately controls the injection flow of the spray system, and controls the hydrogen fuel cell inlet and outlet water temperatures within the safety threshold range, thereby ensuring that the hydrogen fuel cell system operates within the optimal operating temperature range.

[0234] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller of the present disclosure may also be configured to obtain the ambient temperature collected by the ambient temperature sensor; determine whether the ambient temperature is less than a predetermined temperature threshold; when the ambient temperature is less than the predetermined temperature threshold, control the spray cooling system to stop working; when the ambient temperature is not less than the predetermined temperature threshold, control the injection flow of the spray cooling system according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

[0235] When the temperature is low in winter, the hydrogen stack heat dissipation control module (controller) obtains the ambient temperature collected by the ambient temperature sensor, and cuts off the operation of the spray cooling system by controlling the solenoid valve arranged on the pumping pipeline, thereby avoiding ice on the outer surface of the liquid cooling system and improving the life of the liquid cooling system.

[0236] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller of the present disclosure may also be configured to control the first solenoid valve to close when the ambient temperature is less than a predetermined temperature threshold, so as to control the spray cooling system to stop working.

[0237] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller of the present disclosure can also be configured to control the first solenoid valve to open when the ambient temperature is not less than a predetermined temperature threshold, and control the injection flow of the spray cooling system according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

[0238] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller of the present disclosure can also be configured to open a second solenoid valve switch located in the cab to discharge the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water based on a water level signal of the water collecting tank and current vehicle position information, wherein the second solenoid valve is arranged between the water collecting tank and the drain port, the drain port is configured to discharge the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, the water collecting tank is configured to collect the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, and the liquid level sensor is configured to obtain the water level signal of the water collecting tank.

[0239] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller of the present disclosure can also be configured to control the forced air cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system, wherein the battery liquid cooling system includes a radiator, an electronic fan, and a second electronic water pump, and the radiator includes a forced liquid cooling system caused by the second electronic water pump and a forced air cooling system caused by the electronic fan; the spray cooling system is controlled to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system.

[0240] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller of the present disclosure can be configured to control the forced air cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system by strengthening air flow to improve heat transfer, enhance liquid film evaporation and forced convection, while controlling the forced air cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system.

[0241] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller of the present disclosure can be configured to control the spray cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system based on isenthalpic humidification, liquid film evaporation and forced convection when controlling the spray cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system.

[0242] The battery heat dissipation system disclosed in the present invention is mainly composed of a liquid cooling system and a spray cooling system. The present invention uses isenthalpic humidification, liquid film evaporation and forced convection to enhance the heat dissipation of the two coupled systems.

[0243] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller of the present disclosure can also be configured to determine the hydrogen consumption based on the hydrogen stack power, Faraday coefficient, hydrogen fuel cell cell voltage and the molar mass of hydrogen when the hydrogen stack of the whole vehicle is output at rated power; calculate the amount of water generated at the corresponding vehicle speed based on the hydrogen consumption as the flow injection limit; determine the model parameters of the first electronic water pump, the number of nozzles of the array injection system, the injection angle and the injection height based on the flow injection limit.

[0244] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller of the present disclosure can also be configured to determine the nozzle arrangement rules of the array injection system based on the flow injection limit and the critical heat flux density conclusion, wherein the spray cooling system includes the injection system, and the injection system includes a plurality of nozzles, nozzle seats, three-way joints, four-way joints, etc. arranged in an array.

[0245] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller 222 of the present disclosure may be configured to execute any of the above embodiments (e.g. Figures 8 to 11 The battery heat dissipation control method described in any embodiment).

[0246] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the structure of some other embodiments of the controller disclosed in the present invention. Fig.13 As shown, the controller of the present disclosure (e.g. Figure 2 The controller 222 of the embodiment includes a memory 71 and a processor 72 .

[0247] The memory 71 is used to store instructions. The processor 72 is coupled to the memory 71. The processor 72 is configured to execute the above-mentioned embodiments (for example, Figures 8 to 11 A battery heat dissipation control method involved in any one of the embodiments.

[0248] like Fig.13 As shown, the controller also includes a communication interface 73 for information exchange with other devices. At the same time, the controller also includes a bus 74, through which the processor 72, the communication interface 73, and the memory 71 communicate with each other.

[0249] The memory 71 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory. The memory 71 may also be a memory array. The memory 71 may also be divided into blocks, and the blocks may be combined into virtual volumes according to certain rules.

[0250] In addition, the processor 72 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0251] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, any of the above embodiments (for example Figures 8 to 11 The battery heat dissipation control method described in any embodiment).

[0252] The computer-readable storage medium of the present disclosure may be implemented as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.

[0253] Based on the technical bottleneck of the heat dissipation difficulty of hydrogen fuel cells in new energy heavy trucks, the present invention adds a spray cooling system to the hydrogen fuel cell liquid cooling system, and uses isenthalpic humidification, liquid film evaporation and forced convection to explain the heat dissipation mechanism of the two coupled systems. The heat dissipation of the liquid cooling system is enhanced by recycling the reaction water of the hydrogen fuel cell and spraying it on the radiator surface, and the precise matching of the injection flow rate is achieved by collecting the outlet water temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the fan speed.

[0254] The spray cooling system disclosed in the present invention has the advantages of small heat transfer resistance, strong heat dissipation capacity, good temperature uniformity and low medium flow demand. The heat dissipation technology coupled with the liquid cooling system can effectively reduce the layout space of the whole vehicle, reduce the number of parts used, reduce the energy consumption of the battery heat dissipation system, reduce user operating costs, solve the technical bottleneck of hydrogen fuel cell power increase and heat dissipation difficulties, and promote the promotion and application of zero-emission hydrogen fuel cell heavy trucks.

[0255] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as methods, devices, or computer program products. Therefore, the present disclosure may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable non-transient storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0256] The present disclosure is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram and the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0257] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0258] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0259] The controller, the first control module and the second control module described above may be implemented as a general purpose processor, a programmable logic controller (PLC), a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components or any appropriate combination thereof for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0260] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps of the above-described embodiment method of the present disclosure may be accomplished by hardware, and the hardware may be implemented as a general-purpose processor, a programmable logic controller, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or any appropriate combination thereof for executing the method described in the present disclosure.

[0261] So far, the present disclosure has been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solution disclosed here.

[0262] A person skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments may be accomplished by hardware, or may be accomplished by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0263] The description of the present disclosure is given for the purpose of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present disclosure to the disclosed form. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present disclosure, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present disclosure and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A battery cooling system, comprising: A battery liquid cooling system, wherein the battery liquid cooling system comprises a radiator and an electronic fan; A spray cooling system is configured to recover hydrogen fuel cell reaction water and spray it on the surface of the radiator, wherein the spray cooling system includes a pumping system and a spraying system; Wherein, the pumping system comprises: a first electronic water pump configured to pressurize hydrogen fuel cell reaction water provided by the water collection system; The controller is configured to obtain the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan; query the corresponding relationship diagram of the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell, the speed of the electronic fan and the injection flow rate according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, and determine the water pump speed control signal; send the water pump speed control signal to the first electronic water pump, control the injection flow rate of the spray cooling system, and control the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell within a safe threshold range; The controller is further configured to determine the hydrogen consumption according to the hydrogen stack power, Faraday coefficient, hydrogen fuel cell cell voltage and hydrogen molar mass when the hydrogen stack of the vehicle is at rated power output; determine the amount of generated water at the corresponding vehicle speed according to the hydrogen consumption as the flow injection limit; and determine the model parameters of the first electronic water pump, the number of nozzles of the array injection system, the injection angle and the injection height according to the flow injection limit; Wherein, the controller is also configured to determine the nozzle arrangement rule according to the flow injection limit and the critical heat flux density conclusion.

2. The battery cooling system according to claim 1, wherein: The battery liquid cooling system also includes a second electronic water pump; The spray cooling system is configured to recycle the reaction water of the hydrogen fuel cell, which is pressurized by a first electronic water pump and atomized by an atomizing nozzle and then sprayed on the surface of the radiator.

3. The battery cooling system according to claim 1, wherein: The spray cooling system also includes: a water collection system configured to collect hydrogen fuel cell reaction water; Wherein, the pumping system is configured to pressurize the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water provided by the water collection system; The spray system is configured to use an atomizing nozzle to evenly spray atomized droplets onto the surface of the radiator.

4. The battery cooling system according to claim 3, wherein: The controller is also configured to control the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve to close when the inlet and outlet water temperatures are lower than a predetermined threshold, and to control the water collecting tank to collect and cool the reaction water; when the inlet and outlet water temperatures are greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, control the first solenoid valve to open, and send a water pump speed control signal to the first electronic water pump according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system.

5. The battery cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The pumping system further comprises: an ambient temperature sensor configured to obtain an ambient temperature and send the ambient temperature to a controller; Among them, the controller is also configured to determine whether the ambient temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature threshold; when the ambient temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature threshold, the spray cooling system is controlled to stop working; when the ambient temperature is not lower than the predetermined temperature threshold, the spray cooling system's injection flow is controlled according to the hydrogen fuel cell inlet and outlet water temperatures and the electronic fan speed.

6. The battery cooling system according to claim 5, wherein: The pumping system further comprises: A first solenoid valve; Among them, the controller is also configured to control the first solenoid valve to close when the ambient temperature is less than a predetermined temperature threshold so as to control the spray cooling system to stop working; when the ambient temperature is not less than the predetermined temperature threshold, control the first solenoid valve to open, and control the injection flow of the spray cooling system according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

7. The battery cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The water collection system comprises: a water collection tank configured to collect hydrogen fuel cell reaction water; A liquid level sensor is configured to obtain a water level signal of the water collecting tank; a drain port, configured to discharge hydrogen fuel cell reaction water; A second solenoid valve is disposed between the water collecting tank and the drain outlet; The controller is further configured to open a second solenoid valve switch disposed in the cab to discharge the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water according to a water level signal from the water collecting tank and current vehicle position information.

8. The battery cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The battery liquid cooling system includes: Radiator, forced liquid cooling system caused by a second electronic water pump in the radiator; Electronic fan, wherein the electronic fan causes a forced air cooling system; Among them, the forced air cooling system is used to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system; The spray cooling system is used to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system.

9. The battery cooling system according to claim 8, wherein: Spray cooling system, used to enhance the heat dissipation of forced liquid cooling system based on isenthalpic humidification, liquid film evaporation and forced convection; Forced air cooling system is used to enhance the heat dissipation of spray cooling system and forced liquid cooling system by enhancing air flow to improve heat transfer, enhance liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

10. The battery cooling system according to claim 8, wherein: The injection system is arranged on a first side of the radiator, and the electronic fan is arranged on a second side of the radiator, where the second side is opposite to the first side.

11. The battery cooling system according to claim 10, wherein: The radiator comprises heat pipes and heat belts arranged at intervals; The coolant flows in the heat pipe and conducts the heat out through the heat dissipation belt. The electronic fan transfers the heat from the heat dissipation belt to the surrounding environment by enhancing the air flow.

12. The battery cooling system according to claim 11, wherein: The spray system includes an atomizing nozzle; The distance between the atomizing nozzle and the surface of the radiator is a predetermined height, and the atomizing nozzle sprays on the surface of the radiator at a first predetermined angle, wherein the first predetermined angle is the angle between the spraying direction and the wind direction of the electronic fan.

13. The battery cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein; The injection system comprises a plurality of nozzles, a nozzle seat, a three-way joint and a four-way joint arranged in an array.

14. A battery heat dissipation control method, comprising: Control the spray cooling system to recycle hydrogen fuel cell reaction water; Controlling the spray cooling system to spray hydrogen fuel cell reaction water onto the surface of the radiator, wherein the battery heat dissipation system includes a battery liquid cooling system and a spray cooling system, the battery liquid cooling system includes a radiator and an electronic fan; the spray cooling system includes a pumping system and a spraying system; The controlling the spray cooling system to spray the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water onto the radiator surface comprises: Controlling the first electronic water pump to pressurize the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water provided by the water collection system; Wherein, the battery heat dissipation control method also includes Obtain the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan; According to the inlet and outlet water temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, query the corresponding relationship diagram of the inlet and outlet water temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, the speed of the electronic fan and the injection flow rate to determine the water pump speed control signal; Sending a water pump speed control signal to the first electronic water pump to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system and to control the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell within a safe threshold range; Wherein, the battery heat dissipation control method further includes: Under the condition of rated power output of hydrogen stack of the whole vehicle, the hydrogen consumption is determined according to the hydrogen stack power, Faraday coefficient, hydrogen fuel cell cell voltage and molar mass of hydrogen; The amount of water generated at the corresponding vehicle speed is calculated based on the hydrogen consumption as the flow injection limit; According to the flow rate injection limit, determine the model parameters of the first electronic water pump, the number of nozzles of the array injection system, the injection angle and the injection height; The nozzle arrangement rules are determined based on the flow injection limit and critical heat flux density conclusions.

15. The battery heat dissipation control method according to claim 14, wherein: The controlling spray cooling system to recover hydrogen fuel cell reaction water comprises: Control the water collection system to collect hydrogen fuel cell reaction water; Wherein, the controlling the spray cooling system to spray the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water onto the radiator surface also includes: The spray system is controlled to spray the atomized droplets evenly onto the surface of the radiator.

16. The battery heat dissipation control method according to claim 14, further comprising: When the inlet and outlet water temperatures are lower than a predetermined threshold, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are controlled to close, and the water collecting tank is controlled to collect and cool the reaction water; When the inlet and outlet water temperatures are greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, the first solenoid valve is controlled to open; according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, a water pump speed control signal is sent to the first electronic water pump to control the injection flow of the spray cooling system.

17. The battery heat dissipation control method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, further comprising: Get the ambient temperature collected by the ambient temperature sensor; Determining whether the ambient temperature is less than a predetermined temperature threshold; When the ambient temperature is lower than a preset temperature threshold, the spray cooling system is controlled to stop working; When the ambient temperature is not less than a predetermined temperature threshold, the spray flow rate of the spray cooling system is controlled according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

18. The battery heat dissipation control method according to claim 17, wherein: The controlling the spray cooling system to stop working includes controlling the first solenoid valve to close, so as to control the spray cooling system to stop working; Controlling the spray flow of the spray cooling system according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan includes: controlling the first solenoid valve to open, and controlling the spray flow of the spray cooling system according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan.

19. The battery heat dissipation control method according to claim 17, further comprising: According to the water level signal of the water collecting tank and the current position information of the vehicle, the second solenoid valve is opened to discharge the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, wherein the second solenoid valve is arranged between the water collecting tank and the drain port, the drain port is configured to discharge the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, the water collecting tank is configured to collect the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water, and the liquid level sensor is configured to obtain the water level signal of the water collecting tank.

20. The battery heat dissipation control method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, further comprising: Controlling the forced air cooling system to strengthen the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system, wherein the battery liquid cooling system includes a radiator, an electronic fan, and a second electronic water pump, and the radiator includes a forced liquid cooling system caused by the second electronic water pump and a forced air cooling system caused by the electronic fan; Control the spray cooling system to intensify the cooling of the forced liquid cooling system.

21. The battery heat dissipation control method according to claim 20, wherein: The controlling of the forced air cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system comprises: controlling the forced air cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the spray cooling system and the forced liquid cooling system by enhancing air flow to improve heat transfer, enhance liquid film evaporation and forced convection; The controlling the spray cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system includes: controlling the spray cooling system to enhance the heat dissipation of the forced liquid cooling system based on isenthalpic humidification, liquid film evaporation and forced convection.

22. The battery heat dissipation control method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein: The spray system includes a plurality of spray heads and spray seats arranged in an array.

23. A controller comprising: A first control module is configured to control a spray cooling system to recover hydrogen fuel cell reaction water; A second control module is configured to control the spray cooling system to spray hydrogen fuel cell reaction water onto the surface of the radiator, wherein the battery heat dissipation system includes a battery liquid cooling system and a spray cooling system, the battery liquid cooling system includes a radiator and an electronic fan; the spray cooling system includes a pumping system and a spraying system; Wherein, the second control module is configured to control the first electronic water pump to pressurize the hydrogen fuel cell reaction water provided by the water collection system; The controller is configured to obtain the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan; query the corresponding relationship diagram of the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell, the speed of the electronic fan and the injection flow rate according to the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell and the speed of the electronic fan, and determine the water pump speed control signal; send the water pump speed control signal to the first electronic water pump, control the injection flow rate of the spray cooling system, and control the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the hydrogen fuel cell within the safety threshold range; Among them, the controller is also configured to determine the hydrogen consumption according to the hydrogen stack power, Faraday coefficient, hydrogen fuel cell cell voltage and the molar mass of hydrogen when the vehicle's hydrogen stack has rated power output; determine the amount of water generated at the corresponding vehicle speed according to the hydrogen consumption as the flow injection limit; determine the model parameters of the first electronic water pump, the number of nozzles of the array injection system, the injection angle and the injection height according to the flow injection limit; determine the nozzle arrangement rules according to the flow injection limit and the critical heat flux density conclusion.

24. A controller comprising: A memory for storing instructions; The processor is used to execute the instruction so that the controller implements the battery heat dissipation control method as described in any one of claims 14-22.

25. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the battery heat dissipation control method according to any one of claims 14 to 22 is implemented.

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