A multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from gardening waste and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-effect bio-organic fertilizer prepared from landscaping waste, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers. The fertilizer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200-300 parts of landscaping waste, 10-20 parts of peanut shell nanocellulose, 20-30 parts of composite microbial inoculants, 40-50 parts of earthworm castings, 10-20 parts of furfural residues, and 5-10 parts of potassium chloride. The present invention combines biochar prepared from landscaping waste with peanut shell nanocellulose prepared from peanut shells, which improves the utilization rate of agricultural waste on the one hand, and on the other hand, provides a suitable habitat and breeding place for a large number of beneficial microorganisms and continuously supplies nutrients for microbial reproduction, ensuring that the microorganisms play a role continuously and stably, thereby reducing the use of chemical agents, and having significant economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and in particular relates to a multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from gardening waste, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous promotion of ecological civilization construction and urbanization in my country, the role of gardening and greening in maintaining the urban environment and maintaining the urban ecological balance has received more and more attention. The greening coverage rate has increased significantly, the greening maintenance area has also been continuously expanded, and the amount of gardening and greening waste has also increased sharply. These wastes mainly include dead branches, fallen leaves, withered flowers, grass clippings, and branches and twigs of trees and shrubs, which have become the second largest urban solid waste after urban domestic waste. However, at present, most urban gardening and greening wastes are often treated as domestic waste, which not only causes huge waste of resources and pollution to the urban environment, but also may cause fire accidents and threaten people’s lives and property. Therefore, how to effectively utilize gardening and greening waste resources and turn waste into treasure has become a difficult problem facing urban greening.

[0003] Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is rich in nutritional value and has strong adaptability. It is the fourth largest food crop in the world. In recent years, my country's potato industry has developed rapidly, ranking first in the world in both planting area and total output. With the advancement of potato as a staple food, people's requirements for potato quality are constantly increasing. However, in actual production, the quality and yield of potatoes are affected by many diseases, especially with the increase in the number of years of potato planting, the problems caused by soil-borne diseases have become increasingly prominent. Soil-borne diseases have a very bad impact on potatoes and have always been a key issue in potato planting. So far, nearly 40 soil-borne diseases of potatoes have been discovered worldwide, which are divided into four categories according to the type of pathogens, namely bacterial diseases, fungal diseases, nematode diseases and viral diseases. The soil-borne diseases in the main potato producing areas in my country mainly include potato dry rot, scab, powdery scab, black mole, wilt, verticillium wilt and bacterial wilt, among which black mole, scab and wilt are the most serious damage to the main potato producing areas. According to the survey, the incidence of black mole in the main potato producing areas is 35% to 45%, and the incidence rate in severe potato fields is as high as 90% to 100%; the general disease rate of potato scab is 0 to 30%, and the incidence rate in severe plots is 30% to 50%; the average incidence rate of potato wilt is about 30%, and the incidence rate in severe plots is as high as 80%. Potato soil-borne diseases seriously restrict the development of the potato industry.

[0004] At present, the means of controlling soil-borne diseases mainly include breeding of disease-resistant varieties, chemical control, biological control, etc. Among them, biological control aims to reduce the number of pathogens by using organisms or their metabolites to reduce the harm caused by them. At present, biological control has become the main research direction for the control of soil-borne diseases due to its environmentally friendly characteristics. However, the biological organic fertilizers commonly used in biological control technology currently have problems such as no obvious control effect on soil-borne diseases, short effective control time, and low pertinence. Therefore, the development of a biological organic fertilizer with good and sustainable control effect on potato soil-borne diseases has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared by using garden greening waste. A large amount of garden greening waste is used in the fertilizer, a part of which is used to prepare biochar, and a part of which is added with raw materials such as earthworm manure and furfural residue to ferment and prepare a fermentation product rich in a large number of active microorganisms, thereby improving the utilization rate of garden greening waste, and the prepared biological organic fertilizer has excellent prevention and control effects on potato soil-borne diseases, and has a significant effect of increasing potato production and income, and can also improve soil enzyme activity, enhance soil fertility, reduce soil pH, reduce the content of organic pollutants in the soil, and other multiple effects.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from gardening waste is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200-300 parts of gardening waste, 10-20 parts of peanut shell nanocellulose, 20-30 parts of composite microbial agent, 40-50 parts of earthworm manure, 10-20 parts of furfural residues, and 5-10 parts of potassium chloride; the composite microbial agent is composed of Bacillus velez and Aspergillus flavus.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the composite microbial agent is as follows: Bacillus Velezii and Aspergillus flavus are activated in LB solid culture medium respectively, and then a single colony is picked and inoculated into a test tube of LB liquid culture medium, and cultured at 25°C and 200 r / min until OD 600 ≈1.0, the seed liquid was inoculated into 200 mL of fermentation liquid medium at 1%, and the culture was carried out at 25°C and 200 r / min for 24 h. The fermentation was stopped to obtain two fermentation broths, which were then mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite microbial agent.

[0009] Preferably, the LB solid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 15 g agar powder, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and steam sterilized at 121°C for 20 min.

[0010] Preferably, the LB liquid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 1000 mL distilled water, the pH is adjusted to 7.0; and steam sterilized at 121°C for 20 min.

[0011] Preferably, the fermentation liquid culture medium is composed of: 10 g glucose, 5 g peptone, 0.1 g potassium chloride, 0.01 g ferrous sulfate, 0.05 g magnesium chloride, 0.5 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1000 g water, pH natural, sterilization conditions: 121° C., 20 min.

[0012] Preferably, the peanut shell nanocellulose is prepared by the following method:

[0013] a. Dried peanut shells were crushed through a 60-mesh sieve, 10 g of peanut shell powder was added to a 5% KOH solution, stirred under a constant temperature water bath at 100 ° C for 6 h, filtered several times to remove the alkali solution, and dried to obtain powder A;

[0014] b. Take the powder A obtained in step a, add it to a 2% NaClO2 solution by mass, adjust the pH of the solution to 4.5 with glacial acetic acid, stir and react at 80 ° C for 4h, filter and wash to neutral after the reaction, and dry to obtain powder B;

[0015] c. Take powder B to prepare 200 ml of suspension with a mass fraction of 1%, then pour it into a grinder at a speed of 15000 rpm / min. After grinding for 5 minutes, pour it into a high-pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 1000 bar and homogenize it 3 times. The product is then transferred to an ultrasonic pulverizer for ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes and vacuum freeze-dried for 48 hours to obtain peanut shell nanocellulose powder.

[0016] Preferably, in step a, the ratio of peanut shell powder to KOH solution is 1 g:20 ml; in step b, the ratio of powder A to NaClO2 solution is 1 g:20 ml.

[0017] Preferably, the Bacillus velez is deposited with CGMCC No.1.12669 from China General Microorganism Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is September 10, 2013; the Aspergillus flavus is deposited with CGMCC No.3.6240 from China General Microorganism Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is July 1, 2001. The Bacillus velez and Aspergillus flavus used in the present invention can be purchased through the strain catalog of the collection center without the need for additional deposit.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for preparing multi-effect biological organic fertilizer using gardening waste, which comprises the following steps:

[0019] (1) The garden waste was crushed, dried and divided into two parts, one of which was immersed in a 5% HNO3 solution for 2 h, then filtered and dried in an oven, and finally transferred to a muffle furnace for calcination at 500 °C for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, the biochar was ground;

[0020] (2) taking the other half of the landscaping waste, mixing it with earthworm manure and furfural residue, adding water to make the water content 55-60%, then adding a composite microbial agent, stirring evenly, and composting and fermenting. When the temperature at the center of the pile reaches 55°C, the pile is turned over and the fermentation continues. Thereafter, the pile is turned over once a day. After 15 consecutive days of fermentation, the fermentation is terminated, and the product is dried and crushed to obtain a fermentation product;

[0021] (3) Preparation of peanut shell nanocellulose;

[0022] (4) The biochar obtained in the above step is mixed with peanut shell nanocellulose and then ball-milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 30 min. After the ball-milling is completed, the ball-milled product is evenly mixed with the fermentation product and potassium chloride in proportion, and the ball-milled product is re-granulated by a granulator into particles with a particle size of 3-4 mm to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

[0023] The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared by using gardening waste in preventing and controlling potato soil-borne diseases, which has excellent prevention and control effects on common potato soil-borne diseases such as mole, scab and wilt.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the present invention are commercially available.

[0025] The usage and dosage of the biological organic fertilizer of the present invention are as follows: the biological organic fertilizer is applied once into the soil during planting, and the dosage is 20kg / mu.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) Using a large amount of garden waste and peanut shells as raw materials improves the utilization rate of agricultural waste and has good environmental and social benefits.

[0028] (2) The two strains of Bacillus Velez and Aspergillus flavopsis were used in combination. Bacillus Velez can produce enzymes with antibacterial activity such as glucanase and protease, as well as polyketide antibiotics during fermentation, which can inhibit the growth of various pathogenic fungi. Under certain conditions, Aspergillus flavopsis can produce a variety of antibacterial substances, bioactive substances and xylanase after fermentation. Xylanase can act on the fermentation substrate to obtain a large amount of functional small molecule xylose, which can promote the proliferation of Bacillus Velez and produce more beneficial metabolites, thus better inhibiting the reproduction and growth of harmful bacteria. The synergistic effect of the two has an excellent control effect on potato soil-borne diseases.

[0029] (3) The present invention uses biochar prepared from garden waste. On the one hand, the special microporous structure of biochar can improve the ability of soil to retain water and fertilizer. On the other hand, after mechanical ball milling with the peanut shell nanocellulose prepared by the present invention, a denser and interwoven irregular mesh microporous structure is formed, which provides a suitable place for a large number of microorganisms to live and reproduce. At the same time, the high aspect ratio and high specific surface area of ​​peanut shell nanocellulose help to further increase the adsorption sites of biochar, which is more conducive to the fixation and adsorption of microorganisms. The special structure formed by the combination of biochar and peanut shell nanocellulose has better durability, which can provide long-term and continuous biological protection for potatoes and reduce the incidence of potato soil-borne diseases.

[0030] (4) The bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention has a significant effect on increasing the yield and income of potato planting. At the same time, it can also improve soil enzyme activity, enhance soil fertility, reduce soil pH, reduce the content of organic pollutants in the soil, and other multiple effects. It can effectively reduce the use of chemical pesticides and has good social application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The scanning electron microscope images of the biochar, peanut shell nanocellulose and the bio-organic fertilizer prepared in the present invention are shown in Figure 3, wherein a is the morphology of the biochar prepared from landscaping waste, b is the morphology of the peanut shell nanocellulose, and c is the internal morphology of the bio-organic fertilizer particles obtained in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but is not limited thereto.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from garden greening waste is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 kg of garden greening waste, 10 kg of peanut shell nanocellulose, 20 kg of composite microbial agent, 40 kg of earthworm manure, 10 kg of furfural residue, and 5 kg of potassium chloride; the composite microbial agent is composed of Bacillus Velezii and Aspergillus flavus.

[0035] The preparation method of the composite microbial agent is as follows: Bacillus Velezii and Aspergillus flavus are activated in LB solid culture medium respectively, and then a single colony is picked and inoculated into a test tube of LB liquid culture medium, and cultured at 25°C and 200 r / min until OD 600≈1.0, the seed liquid was inoculated into 200 mL of fermentation liquid medium at 1%, and the culture was carried out at 25°C and 200 r / min for 24 h. The fermentation was stopped to obtain two fermentation broths, which were then mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite microbial agent.

[0036] The LB solid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 15 g agar powder, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0037] The LB liquid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0038] The fermentation liquid medium is composed of: 10 g glucose, 5 g peptone, 0.1 g potassium chloride, 0.01 g ferrous sulfate, 0.05 g magnesium chloride, 0.5 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1000 g water, pH natural, sterilization conditions: 121° C., 20 min.

[0039] The peanut shell nanocellulose is prepared by the following method:

[0040] a. Dried peanut shells were crushed through a 60-mesh sieve, 10 g of peanut shell powder was added to a 5% KOH solution, stirred under a constant temperature water bath at 100 ° C for 6 h, filtered several times to remove the alkali solution, and dried to obtain powder A;

[0041] b. Take the powder A obtained in step a, add it to a 2% NaClO2 solution by mass, adjust the pH of the solution to 4.5 with glacial acetic acid, stir and react at 80 ° C for 4h, filter and wash to neutral after the reaction, and dry to obtain powder B;

[0042] c. Take powder B to prepare 200 ml of suspension with a mass fraction of 1%, then pour it into a grinder at a speed of 15000 rpm / min. After grinding for 5 minutes, pour it into a high-pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 1000 bar and homogenize it 3 times. The product is then transferred to an ultrasonic pulverizer for ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes and vacuum freeze-dried for 48 hours to obtain peanut shell nanocellulose powder.

[0043] In the step a, the ratio of peanut shell powder to KOH solution is 1 g:20 ml; in the step b, the ratio of powder A to NaClO2 solution is 1 g:20 ml.

[0044] The Bacillus velezensis has a deposit number of CGMCC No.1.12669, purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is September 10, 2013; the Aspergillus flavus has a deposit number of CGMCC No.3.6240, purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is July 1, 2001.

[0045] The above-mentioned method for preparing multi-effect biological organic fertilizer using gardening waste comprises the following steps:

[0046] (1) The garden waste was crushed, dried and divided into two parts, one of which was immersed in a 5% HNO3 solution for 2 h, then filtered and dried in an oven, and finally transferred to a muffle furnace for calcination at 500 °C for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, the biochar was ground;

[0047] (2) taking the other half of the landscaping waste, mixing it with earthworm manure and furfural residue, adding water to make the water content 55-60%, then adding a composite microbial agent, stirring evenly, and composting and fermenting. When the temperature at the center of the pile reaches 55°C, the pile is turned over and the fermentation continues. Thereafter, the pile is turned over once a day. After 15 consecutive days of fermentation, the fermentation is terminated, and the product is dried and crushed to obtain a fermentation product;

[0048] (3) Preparation of peanut shell nanocellulose;

[0049] (4) The biochar obtained in the above step is mixed with peanut shell nanocellulose and then ball-milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 30 min. After the ball-milling is completed, the ball-milled product is evenly mixed with the fermentation product and potassium chloride in proportion, and the ball-milled product is re-granulated by a granulator into particles with a particle size of 3-4 mm to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from garden greening waste is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250 kg of garden greening waste, 15 kg of peanut shell nanocellulose, 25 kg of composite microbial agent, 45 kg of earthworm manure, 15 kg of furfural residue, and 8 kg of potassium chloride; the composite microbial agent is composed of Bacillus velez and Aspergillus flavus.

[0052] The preparation method of the composite microbial agent is as follows: Bacillus Velezii and Aspergillus flavus are activated in LB solid culture medium respectively, and then a single colony is picked and inoculated into a test tube of LB liquid culture medium, and cultured at 25°C and 200 r / min until OD 600≈1.0, the seed liquid was inoculated into 200 mL of fermentation liquid medium at 1%, and the culture was carried out at 25°C and 200 r / min for 24 h. The fermentation was stopped to obtain two fermentation broths, which were then mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite microbial agent.

[0053] The LB solid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 15 g agar powder, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0054] The LB liquid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0055] The fermentation liquid medium is composed of: 10 g glucose, 5 g peptone, 0.1 g potassium chloride, 0.01 g ferrous sulfate, 0.05 g magnesium chloride, 0.5 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1000 g water, pH natural, sterilization conditions: 121° C., 20 min.

[0056] The peanut shell nanocellulose is prepared by the following method:

[0057] a. Dried peanut shells were crushed through a 60-mesh sieve, 10 g of peanut shell powder was added to a 5% KOH solution, stirred under a constant temperature water bath at 100 ° C for 6 h, filtered several times to remove the alkali solution, and dried to obtain powder A;

[0058] b. Take the powder A obtained in step a, add it to a 2% NaClO2 solution by mass, adjust the pH of the solution to 4.5 with glacial acetic acid, stir and react at 80 ° C for 4h, filter and wash to neutral after the reaction, and dry to obtain powder B;

[0059] c. Take powder B to prepare 200 ml of suspension with a mass fraction of 1%, then pour it into a grinder at a speed of 15000 rpm / min. After grinding for 5 minutes, pour it into a high-pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 1000 bar and homogenize it 3 times. The product is then transferred to an ultrasonic pulverizer for ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes and vacuum freeze-dried for 48 hours to obtain peanut shell nanocellulose powder.

[0060] In the step a, the ratio of peanut shell powder to KOH solution is 1 g:20 ml; in the step b, the ratio of powder A to NaClO2 solution is 1 g:20 ml.

[0061] The Bacillus velezensis has a deposit number of CGMCC No.1.12669, purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is September 10, 2013; the Aspergillus flavus has a deposit number of CGMCC No.3.6240, purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is July 1, 2001.

[0062] The above-mentioned method for preparing multi-effect biological organic fertilizer using gardening waste comprises the following steps:

[0063] (1) The garden waste was crushed, dried and divided into two parts, one of which was immersed in a 5% HNO3 solution for 2 h, then filtered and dried in an oven, and finally transferred to a muffle furnace for calcination at 500 °C for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, the biochar was ground;

[0064] (2) taking the other half of the landscaping waste, mixing it with earthworm manure and furfural residue, adding water to make the water content 55-60%, then adding a composite microbial agent, stirring evenly, and composting and fermenting. When the temperature at the center of the pile reaches 55°C, the pile is turned over and the fermentation continues. Thereafter, the pile is turned over once a day. After 15 consecutive days of fermentation, the fermentation is terminated, and the product is dried and crushed to obtain a fermentation product;

[0065] (3) Preparation of peanut shell nanocellulose;

[0066] (4) The biochar obtained in the above step is mixed with peanut shell nanocellulose and then ball-milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 30 min. After the ball-milling is completed, the ball-milled product is evenly mixed with the fermentation product and potassium chloride in proportion, and the ball-milled product is re-granulated by a granulator into particles with a particle size of 3-4 mm to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] A multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from garden greening waste is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 kg of garden greening waste, 20 kg of peanut shell nanocellulose, 30 kg of composite microbial agent, 50 kg of earthworm manure, 20 kg of furfural residue, and 10 kg of potassium chloride; the composite microbial agent is composed of Bacillus Velezii and Aspergillus flavus.

[0069] The preparation method of the composite microbial agent is as follows: Bacillus Velezii and Aspergillus flavus are activated in LB solid culture medium respectively, and then a single colony is picked and inoculated into a test tube of LB liquid culture medium, and cultured at 25°C and 200 r / min until OD 600≈1.0, the seed liquid was inoculated into 200 mL of fermentation liquid medium at 1%, and the culture was carried out at 25°C and 200 r / min for 24 h. The fermentation was stopped to obtain two fermentation broths, which were then mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite microbial agent.

[0070] The LB solid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 15 g agar powder, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0071] The LB liquid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0072] The fermentation liquid medium is composed of: 10 g glucose, 5 g peptone, 0.1 g potassium chloride, 0.01 g ferrous sulfate, 0.05 g magnesium chloride, 0.5 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1000 g water, pH natural, sterilization conditions: 121° C., 20 min.

[0073] The peanut shell nanocellulose is prepared by the following method:

[0074] a. Dried peanut shells were crushed through a 60-mesh sieve, 10 g of peanut shell powder was added to a 5% KOH solution, stirred under a constant temperature water bath at 100 ° C for 6 h, filtered several times to remove the alkali solution, and dried to obtain powder A;

[0075] b. Take the powder A obtained in step a, add it to a 2% NaClO2 solution by mass, adjust the pH of the solution to 4.5 with glacial acetic acid, stir and react at 80 ° C for 4h, filter and wash to neutral after the reaction, and dry to obtain powder B;

[0076] c. Take powder B to prepare 200 ml of suspension with a mass fraction of 1%, then pour it into a grinder at a speed of 15000 rpm / min. After grinding for 5 minutes, pour it into a high-pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 1000 bar and homogenize it 3 times. The product is then transferred to an ultrasonic pulverizer for ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes and vacuum freeze-dried for 48 hours to obtain peanut shell nanocellulose powder.

[0077] In the step a, the ratio of peanut shell powder to KOH solution is 1 g:20 ml; in the step b, the ratio of powder A to NaClO2 solution is 1 g:20 ml.

[0078] The Bacillus velezensis has a deposit number of CGMCC No.1.12669, purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is September 10, 2013; the Aspergillus flavus has a deposit number of CGMCC No.3.6240, purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is July 1, 2001.

[0079] The above-mentioned method for preparing multi-effect biological organic fertilizer using gardening waste comprises the following steps:

[0080] (1) The garden waste was crushed, dried and divided into two parts, one of which was immersed in a 5% HNO3 solution for 2 h, then filtered and dried in an oven, and finally transferred to a muffle furnace for calcination at 500 °C for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, the biochar was ground;

[0081] (2) taking the other half of the landscaping waste, mixing it with earthworm manure and furfural residue, adding water to make the water content 55-60%, then adding a composite microbial agent, stirring evenly, and composting and fermenting. When the temperature at the center of the pile reaches 55°C, the pile is turned over and the fermentation continues. Thereafter, the pile is turned over once a day. After 15 consecutive days of fermentation, the fermentation is terminated, and the product is dried and crushed to obtain a fermentation product;

[0082] (3) Preparation of peanut shell nanocellulose;

[0083] (4) The biochar obtained in the above step is mixed with peanut shell nanocellulose and then ball-milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 30 min. After the ball-milling is completed, the ball-milled product is evenly mixed with the fermentation product and potassium chloride in proportion, and the ball-milled product is re-granulated by a granulator into particles with a particle size of 3-4 mm to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

[0084] Comparative Example 1

[0085] A multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from garden greening waste is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 kg of garden greening waste, 30 kg of composite microbial agent, 50 kg of earthworm manure, 20 kg of furfural residue, and 10 kg of potassium chloride; the composite microbial agent is composed of Bacillus Velezii and Aspergillus flavus.

[0086] The preparation method of the composite microbial agent is as follows: Bacillus Velezii and Aspergillus flavus are activated in LB solid culture medium respectively, and then a single colony is picked and inoculated into a test tube of LB liquid culture medium, and cultured at 25°C and 200 r / min until OD 600 ≈1.0, the seed liquid was inoculated into 200 mL of fermentation liquid medium at 1%, and the culture was carried out at 25°C and 200 r / min for 24 h. The fermentation was stopped to obtain two fermentation broths, which were then mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite microbial agent.

[0087] The LB solid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 15 g agar powder, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0088] The LB liquid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0089] The fermentation liquid medium is composed of: 10 g glucose, 5 g peptone, 0.1 g potassium chloride, 0.01 g ferrous sulfate, 0.05 g magnesium chloride, 0.5 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1000 g water, pH natural, sterilization conditions: 121° C., 20 min.

[0090] The Bacillus velezensis has a deposit number of CGMCC No.1.12669, purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is September 10, 2013; the Aspergillus flavus has a deposit number of CGMCC No.3.6240, purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is July 1, 2001.

[0091] The above-mentioned method for preparing multi-effect biological organic fertilizer using gardening waste comprises the following steps:

[0092] (1) The garden waste was crushed, dried and divided into two parts, one of which was immersed in a 5% HNO3 solution for 2 h, then filtered and dried in an oven, and finally transferred to a muffle furnace for calcination at 500 °C for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, the biochar was ground;

[0093] (2) taking the other half of the landscaping waste, mixing it with earthworm manure and furfural residue, adding water to make the water content 55-60%, then adding a composite microbial agent, stirring evenly, and composting and fermenting. When the temperature at the center of the pile reaches 55°C, the pile is turned over and the fermentation continues. Thereafter, the pile is turned over once a day. After 15 consecutive days of fermentation, the fermentation is terminated, and the product is dried and crushed to obtain a fermentation product;

[0094] (3) The biochar obtained in the above steps is ball-milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 30 min. After the ball-milling is completed, the ball-milled product is evenly mixed with the fermentation product and potassium chloride in proportion, and the ball-milled product is re-granulated by a granulator into particles with a particle size of 3-4 mm to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

[0095] This comparative example is the same as Example 3 except that it does not contain peanut shell nanocellulose and its preparation method steps.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] A multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from garden greening waste is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 kg of garden greening waste, 20 kg of peanut shell nanocellulose, 30 kg of composite microbial agent, 50 kg of earthworm manure, 20 kg of furfural residue, and 10 kg of potassium chloride; the composite microbial agent is composed of Bacillus Velezii and Aspergillus flavus.

[0098] The preparation method of the composite microbial agent is as follows: Bacillus Velezii and Aspergillus flavus are activated in LB solid culture medium respectively, and then a single colony is picked and inoculated into a test tube of LB liquid culture medium, and cultured at 25°C and 200 r / min until OD 600 ≈1.0, the seed liquid was inoculated into 200 mL of fermentation liquid medium at 1%, and the culture was carried out at 25°C and 200 r / min for 24 h. The fermentation was stopped to obtain two fermentation broths, which were then mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite microbial agent.

[0099] The LB solid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 15 g agar powder, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0100] The LB liquid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0101] The fermentation liquid medium is composed of: 10 g glucose, 5 g peptone, 0.1 g potassium chloride, 0.01 g ferrous sulfate, 0.05 g magnesium chloride, 0.5 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1000 g water, pH natural, sterilization conditions: 121° C., 20 min.

[0102] The peanut shell nanocellulose is prepared by the following method:

[0103] a. Dried peanut shells were crushed through a 60-mesh sieve, 10 g of peanut shell powder was added to a 5% KOH solution, stirred under a constant temperature water bath at 100 ° C for 6 h, filtered several times to remove the alkali solution, and dried to obtain powder A;

[0104] b. Take the powder A obtained in step a, add it to a 2% NaClO2 solution by mass, adjust the pH of the solution to 4.5 with glacial acetic acid, stir and react at 80 ° C for 4h, filter and wash to neutral after the reaction, and dry to obtain powder B;

[0105] c. Take powder B to prepare 200 ml of suspension with a mass fraction of 1%, then pour it into a grinder at a speed of 15000 rpm / min. After grinding for 5 minutes, pour it into a high-pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 1000 bar and homogenize it 3 times. The product is then transferred to an ultrasonic pulverizer for ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes and vacuum freeze-dried for 48 hours to obtain peanut shell nanocellulose powder.

[0106] In the step a, the ratio of peanut shell powder to KOH solution is 1 g:20 ml; in the step b, the ratio of powder A to NaClO2 solution is 1 g:20 ml.

[0107] The Bacillus velezensis has a deposit number of CGMCC No.1.12669, purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is September 10, 2013; the Aspergillus flavus has a deposit number of CGMCC No.3.6240, purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center, and the deposit date is July 1, 2001.

[0108] The above-mentioned method for preparing multi-effect biological organic fertilizer using gardening waste comprises the following steps:

[0109] (1) crushing and drying the garden waste, mixing it with earthworm manure and furfural residue, adding water to make the water content 55-60%, then adding a composite microbial agent to the mixture, stirring evenly and composting and fermenting. When the temperature at the center of the pile reaches 55°C, turning the pile to continue fermentation, and then turning the pile once a day. After 15 consecutive days of fermentation, the fermentation is terminated, and the product is dried and crushed to obtain a fermentation product;

[0110] (2) Preparation of peanut shell nanocellulose;

[0111] (3) The peanut shell nanocellulose obtained in the above step is ball-milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 30 min. After the ball-milling is completed, the ball-milled product is evenly mixed with the fermentation product and potassium chloride in proportion, and the ball-milled product is re-granulated by a granulator into particles with a particle size of 3-4 mm to obtain a biological organic fertilizer.

[0112] In this comparative example, except that all the gardening waste is directly used for fermentation, everything else is the same as Example 3.

[0113] Comparative Example 3

[0114] A multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from gardening waste is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 kg of gardening waste, 20 kg of peanut shell nanocellulose, 30 kg of microbial agent, 50 kg of earthworm manure, 20 kg of furfural residue, and 10 kg of potassium chloride; the microbial agent is prepared from Bacillus Velezii.

[0115] The preparation method of the microbial agent is as follows: Bacillus Velezii is activated in LB solid culture medium, and then a single colony is picked and inoculated into a test tube of LB liquid culture medium, and cultured at 25°C and 200 r / min until OD 600 ≈1.0, inoculate 1% of the seed liquid into 200 mL of fermentation liquid culture medium, ferment at 25°C, 200 r / min for 24 h, stop the fermentation and obtain the fermentation liquid, which is the microbial agent.

[0116] The LB solid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 15 g agar powder, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0117] The LB liquid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0118] The fermentation liquid medium is composed of: 10 g glucose, 5 g peptone, 0.1 g potassium chloride, 0.01 g ferrous sulfate, 0.05 g magnesium chloride, 0.5 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1000 g water, pH natural, sterilization conditions: 121° C., 20 min.

[0119] The peanut shell nanocellulose is prepared by the following method:

[0120] a. Dried peanut shells were crushed through a 60-mesh sieve, 10 g of peanut shell powder was added to a 5% KOH solution, stirred under a constant temperature water bath at 100 ° C for 6 h, filtered several times to remove the alkali solution, and dried to obtain powder A;

[0121] b. Take the powder A obtained in step a, add it to a 2% NaClO2 solution by mass, adjust the pH of the solution to 4.5 with glacial acetic acid, stir and react at 80 ° C for 4h, filter and wash to neutral after the reaction, and dry to obtain powder B;

[0122] c. Take powder B to prepare 200 ml of suspension with a mass fraction of 1%, then pour it into a grinder at a speed of 15000 rpm / min. After grinding for 5 minutes, pour it into a high-pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 1000 bar and homogenize it 3 times. The product is then transferred to an ultrasonic pulverizer for ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes and vacuum freeze-dried for 48 hours to obtain peanut shell nanocellulose powder.

[0123] In the step a, the ratio of peanut shell powder to KOH solution is 1 g:20 ml; in the step b, the ratio of powder A to NaClO2 solution is 1 g:20 ml.

[0124] The Bacillus velezii was deposited on September 10, 2013 and has a deposit number of CGMCC No. 1.12669.

[0125] The above-mentioned method for preparing multi-effect biological organic fertilizer using gardening waste comprises the following steps:

[0126] (1) The garden waste was crushed, dried and divided into two parts, one of which was immersed in a 5% HNO3 solution for 2 h, then filtered and dried in an oven, and finally transferred to a muffle furnace for calcination at 500 °C for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, the biochar was ground;

[0127] (2) taking the other half of the landscaping waste, mixing it with earthworm manure and furfural residue, adding water to make the moisture content 55-60%, then adding microbial agents to it, stirring evenly and composting and fermenting, turning the pile when the central temperature of the pile reaches 55°C and continuing the fermentation, then turning the pile once a day, and ending the fermentation after 15 consecutive days, and drying and crushing the product to obtain a fermentation product;

[0128] (3) Preparation of peanut shell nanocellulose;

[0129] (4) The biochar obtained in the above step is mixed with peanut shell nanocellulose and then ball-milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 30 min. After the ball-milling is completed, the ball-milled product is evenly mixed with the fermentation product and potassium chloride in proportion, and the ball-milled product is re-granulated by a granulator into particles with a particle size of 3-4 mm to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

[0130] This comparative example is the same as Example 3 except that the microbial agent does not contain Aspergillus flavus.

[0131] Comparative Example 4

[0132] A multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from garden greening waste is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 kg of garden greening waste, 20 kg of peanut shell nanocellulose, 30 kg of microbial agent, 50 kg of earthworm manure, 20 kg of furfural residue, and 10 kg of potassium chloride; the microbial agent is made from Aspergillus flavus.

[0133] The preparation method of the composite microbial agent is as follows: Aspergillus flavus is activated in LB solid culture medium, and then a single colony is picked and inoculated into a test tube of LB liquid culture medium, and cultured at 25°C and 200 r / min until OD 600 ≈1.0, inoculate 1% of the seed liquid into 200 mL of fermentation liquid culture medium, ferment at 25°C, 200 r / min for 24 h, stop the fermentation and obtain the fermentation liquid, which is the microbial agent.

[0134] The LB solid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 15 g agar powder, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0135] The LB liquid culture medium is composed of: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 10 g sodium chloride, 1000 mL distilled water, pH adjusted to 7.0; and sterilized at 121° C. for 20 min.

[0136] The fermentation liquid medium is composed of: 10 g glucose, 5 g peptone, 0.1 g potassium chloride, 0.01 g ferrous sulfate, 0.05 g magnesium chloride, 0.5 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1000 g water, pH natural, sterilization conditions: 121° C., 20 min.

[0137] The peanut shell nanocellulose is prepared by the following method:

[0138] a. Dried peanut shells were crushed through a 60-mesh sieve, 10 g of peanut shell powder was added to a 5% KOH solution, stirred under a constant temperature water bath at 100 ° C for 6 h, filtered several times to remove the alkali solution, and dried to obtain powder A;

[0139] b. Take the powder A obtained in step a, add it to a 2% NaClO2 solution by mass, adjust the pH of the solution to 4.5 with glacial acetic acid, stir and react at 80 ° C for 4h, filter and wash to neutral after the reaction, and dry to obtain powder B;

[0140] c. Take powder B to prepare 200 ml of suspension with a mass fraction of 1%, then pour it into a grinder at a speed of 15000 rpm / min. After grinding for 5 minutes, pour it into a high-pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 1000 bar and homogenize it 3 times. The product is then transferred to an ultrasonic pulverizer for ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes and vacuum freeze-dried for 48 hours to obtain peanut shell nanocellulose powder.

[0141] In the step a, the ratio of peanut shell powder to KOH solution is 1 g:20 ml; in the step b, the ratio of powder A to NaClO2 solution is 1 g:20 ml.

[0142] The Aspergillus flavus has a deposit number of CGMCC No. 3.6240 from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, and the deposit date is July 1, 2001.

[0143] The above-mentioned method for preparing multi-effect biological organic fertilizer using gardening waste comprises the following steps:

[0144] (1) The garden waste was crushed, dried and divided into two parts, one of which was immersed in a 5% HNO3 solution for 2 h, then filtered and dried in an oven, and finally transferred to a muffle furnace for calcination at 500 °C for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, the biochar was ground;

[0145] (2) taking the other half of the landscaping waste, mixing it with earthworm manure and furfural residue, adding water to make the water content 55-60%, then adding a composite microbial agent, stirring evenly, and composting and fermenting. When the temperature at the center of the pile reaches 55°C, the pile is turned over and the fermentation continues. Thereafter, the pile is turned over once a day. After 15 consecutive days of fermentation, the fermentation is terminated, and the product is dried and crushed to obtain a fermentation product;

[0146] (3) Preparation of peanut shell nanocellulose;

[0147] (4) The biochar obtained in the above step is mixed with peanut shell nanocellulose and then ball-milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 30 min. After the ball-milling is completed, the ball-milled product is evenly mixed with the fermentation product and potassium chloride in proportion, and the ball-milled product is re-granulated by a granulator into particles with a particle size of 3-4 mm to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

[0148] This comparative example is the same as Example 3 except that the microbial agent does not contain Bacillus Velezii.

[0149] Field planting trial

[0150] 1. Potato black mole disease prevention and control effect verification test

[0151] Test varieties: The potato variety is Huasong No. 7.

[0152] Test site and test method: A potato planting base in Qitai Town, Shangdu County, Ulanbucha City was selected for the test, where a large area of ​​black mole disease broke out in one year. A total of 8 treatments were set up in the test, namely, the treatment groups of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-4 and the control treatment group, and the area of ​​each plot was 1 mu. Sowing was carried out in early May, and each treatment group applied different fertilizers as basal fertilizers at the time of sowing, with a dosage of 20 kg / mu. The control group applied commercially available compound fertilizers (N:P:K=20:8:20), and other conventional field management was the same. The yield (only the non-illness was calculated) and the incidence of potato black mole disease during the entire growth cycle were counted at the harvest period, and the results are shown in Table 1. Incidence rate = number of diseased plants / total number of plants × 100%; prevention effect = (incidence rate in the control area-incidence rate in the treatment area) / incidence rate in the control area × 100%.

[0153] Table 1 Results of prevention and control of black mole disease

[0154]

[0155] 2. Potato scab disease prevention and control effect verification test

[0156] Test varieties: The potato variety was Favorita.

[0157] Test site and test method: A potato planting base in Siwangzi Banner, Ulanbucha City was selected for the test. A large area of ​​scab broke out on the ground in one year. A total of 8 treatments were set up in the test, namely, the treatment groups of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-4 and the control treatment group, and the area of ​​each plot was 1 mu. Sowing was carried out in early May, and each treatment group applied different fertilizers as basal fertilizers at the time of sowing, with a dosage of 20 kg / mu. The control group applied commercially available compound fertilizers (N:P:K=20:8:20), and other conventional field management was the same. The yield (only the non-illness was calculated) and the incidence of potato scab during the entire growth cycle were counted at the harvest period, and the results are shown in Table 2. Incidence rate = number of diseased plants / total number of plants × 100%; prevention effect = (incidence rate in the control area-incidence rate in the treatment area) / incidence rate in the control area × 100%.

[0158] Table 2 Results of scab control

[0159]

[0160] 3. Potato wilt disease prevention and control effect verification test

[0161] Test varieties: The potato variety is Zhongjia No. 2.

[0162] Test site and test method: A potato planting base in Wuchuan County, Hohhot City was selected for the test. A large area of ​​wilt disease broke out on the ground last year. A total of 8 treatments were set up in the test, namely, the treatment groups of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-4 and the control treatment group, and the area of ​​each plot was 1 mu. Sowing was carried out in early May, and each treatment group applied different fertilizers as basal fertilizers at one time at the time of sowing, with a dosage of 20 kg / mu. The control group applied commercially available compound fertilizers (N:P:K=20:8:20), and other conventional field management was the same. The yield (only the non-illness was calculated) and the incidence of potato wilt during the entire growth cycle were counted at the harvest period, and the results are shown in Table 3. Incidence rate = number of diseased plants / total number of plants × 100%; prevention effect = (incidence rate in the control area-incidence rate in the treatment area) / incidence rate in the control area × 100%.

[0163] Table 3 Results of wilt disease control

[0164]

[0165] It can be seen from the data in Tables 1-3 above that the bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention has good control effects on potato black pathogen, scab and wilt, and the control effects are all above 80%, and has a significant effect on increasing potato yield. However, if any one of the raw materials is changed, the corresponding effect is weakened.

[0166] The soil of the potato scab planting test site located in Siwangzi Banner, Ulanbucha City was selected for testing before and after the planting test, mainly testing the basic physical and chemical properties of the soil, soil enzyme activity and soil microbial biomass.

[0167] Soil sampling method: After harvest, each plot adopts S-shaped sampling. When taking soil, the soil drill is drilled to a depth of 20 cm at one time. Each treatment group is sampled 3 times, and the 3 repeated samples of the same treatment group are mixed into one sample. Visible debris such as gravel and plant roots are removed and brought back to the laboratory for relevant index analysis. The collected soil samples are fully mixed and divided into 2 parts. One part is naturally air-dried in a ventilated place for the determination of soil enzyme activity and organic matter; the other part is stored in a refrigerator at 4℃, and the soil microbial biomass is determined as soon as possible. Soil urease activity is determined by phenol-sodium hypochlorite colorimetry; organic matter is determined by potassium dichromate method; soil bulk density is determined by ring knife method; pH value is determined by potentiometric method (water: soil = 2.5: 1); microbial biomass is determined by fumigation extraction-capacity analysis method. The results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0168] Table 4 Soil test results

[0169]

[0170] From the data in Table 4, we can see that the biological organic fertilizer prepared by Examples 1-3 of the present invention, multi-component synergy, contains rich organic matter and a large number of functional microorganisms, while playing a good prevention and control effect on potato diseases, it also improves soil urease activity, improves soil structure and air permeability, and improves soil water retention capacity and fertility. This is mainly due to the irregular reticular microporous structure formed by the biochar prepared by landscaping waste and peanut shell nanocellulose inside the fertilizer in the present invention, which is more conducive to the reproduction of microorganisms and increases the number of beneficial soil bacteria. A large number of beneficial microorganisms can activate soil production and reduce soil pH, thereby achieving effective improvement of soil. Reduce and change any component in the biological organic fertilizer of the present invention, and the corresponding effect disappears or weakens. Therefore, the biological organic fertilizer components prepared by landscaping waste of the present invention complement each other and are indispensable.

[0171] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only partial embodiments of the preferred methods of implementing the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Obviously, based on the above embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from gardening waste, It is characterized in that The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200-300 parts of garden waste, 10-20 parts of peanut shell nanocellulose, 20-30 parts of composite microbial agent, 40-50 parts of earthworm manure, 10-20 parts of furfural residues and 5-10 parts of potassium chloride; the composite microbial agent is composed of Bacillus velez and Aspergillus flavus; the Bacillus velez has a preservation number of CGMCC No.1.12669, which comes from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center and the preservation date is September 10, 2013; the Aspergillus flavus has a preservation number of CGMCC No.3.6240, which comes from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center and the preservation date is July 1, 2001; the preparation method of the composite microbial agent is as follows: Bacillus velez and Aspergillus flavus are activated in LB solid culture medium respectively, then a single colony is picked and inoculated into a test tube of LB liquid culture medium, and cultured at 25°C and 200 r / min until OD 600 ≈1.0, the seed liquid was inoculated into 200 mL of fermentation liquid medium at 1%, and the culture was carried out at 25°C and 200 r / min for 24 h. The fermentation was stopped to obtain two fermentation broths, which were then mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite microbial agent.

2. The multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from landscaping waste according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The fermentation liquid medium is composed of: 10 g glucose, 5 g peptone, 0.1 g potassium chloride, 0.01 g ferrous sulfate, 0.05 g magnesium chloride, 0.5 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1000 g water, pH natural, sterilization conditions: 121° C., 20 min.

3. The multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from landscaping waste according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The peanut shell nanocellulose is prepared by the following method: a. Dried peanut shells were crushed through a 60-mesh sieve, 10 g of peanut shell powder was added to a 5% KOH solution, stirred under a constant temperature water bath at 100 ° C for 6 h, filtered several times to remove the alkali solution, and dried to obtain powder A; b. Take powder A obtained in step a and add it to 2% NaClO 2 The solution was added, and the pH of the solution was adjusted to 4.5 with glacial acetic acid, and the reaction was stirred at 80°C for 4 hours. After the reaction was completed, the solution was filtered and washed to neutrality, and then dried to obtain powder B; c. Take powder B to prepare 200 ml of suspension with a mass fraction of 1%, then pour it into a grinder at a speed of 15000 rpm / min. After grinding for 5 minutes, pour it into a high-pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 1000 bar and homogenize it 3 times. The product is then transferred to an ultrasonic pulverizer and ultrasonically treated for 30 minutes, and then vacuum freeze-dried for 48 hours to obtain peanut shell nanocellulose powder.

4. The multi-effect biological organic fertilizer prepared from landscaping waste according to claim 3, It is characterized in that In step a, the ratio of peanut shell powder to KOH solution is 1g:20ml; in step b, the ratio of powder A to NaClO 2 The material-liquid ratio of the solution is 1g:20ml.

5. A method for preparing multi-effect biological organic fertilizer using gardening waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is characterized in that It includes the following steps: (1) Crush and dry the garden waste and divide it into two parts. Take one part and immerse it in 5% HNO 3 The mixture was immersed in the solution for 2 h, then filtered and dried in an oven, and finally transferred to a muffle furnace and calcined at 500 °C for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was ground to obtain biochar. (2) taking the other half of the landscaping waste, mixing it with earthworm manure and furfural residue, adding water to make the water content 55-60%, then adding a composite microbial agent, stirring evenly, and composting and fermenting. When the temperature at the center of the pile reaches 55°C, the pile is turned over and the fermentation continues. Thereafter, the pile is turned over once a day. After 15 consecutive days of fermentation, the fermentation is terminated, and the product is dried and crushed to obtain a fermentation product; (3) Preparation of peanut shell nanocellulose; (4) The biochar obtained in the above step is mixed with peanut shell nanocellulose and then ball-milled at a speed of 400 r / min for 30 min. After the ball-milling is completed, the ball-milled product is evenly mixed with the fermentation product and potassium chloride in proportion, and the ball-milled product is re-granulated by a granulator into particles with a particle size of 3-4 mm to obtain biological organic fertilizer.

6. Use of the multi-effect bio-organic fertilizer prepared from gardening waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of potato.

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