Rotary ultrasonic-assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary ultrasonic-assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing machining and manufacturing method. The method comprises the following steps that (1) the center of a workpiece penetrates through a drainage polishing pipe and is fixed to a workpiece clamp; (2) polishing liquid containing nano abrasive particles is added into a liquid collecting tank, a hydraulic pump is started, and the polishing liquid flows into a rotary polishing shaft along a liquid conveying pipe; (3) an ultrasonic generator is started, ultrasonic waves are focused into the rotary polishing shaft through an ultrasonic transducer and an amplitude-change pole, and a large number of cavitation bubbles enveloped by nanometer abrasive particles are generated in the polishing solution; (4) a speed regulator is started, and a rotator drives the rotary polishing shaft to rotate at a high speed; and (5) under the action of ultrasonic waves, cavitation bubbles formed in the polishing solution have a thickening effect on the polishing solution. The invention further provides a rotary ultrasonic-assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing machining and manufacturing device. According to the polishing machine, chips are easy to remove, heat dissipation is fast, the material removal rate is high, polishing liquid is efficiently recycled and utilized, and the requirement for machining equipment is relatively low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of ultra-precision grinding and polishing, and in particular relates to a rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing processing manufacturing method and device. Background Art

[0002] Due to space structure limitations or thrust-to-weight ratio requirements, slender tubes or related hole parts are widely used in the medical, aviation and aerospace fields, such as artificial blood vessels, medical minimally invasive introduction devices, hydraulic catheters, etc., which have very high requirements for the quality of their inner surfaces. However, during the processing of slender tubes, wrinkles, cracks and other defects are prone to appear on the inner surface, affecting the reliability and service life of the parts. Most domestic methods use chemical polishing to finish the inner surface of the tube. However, chemical processing fluids can easily pollute the environment. Ultra-precision grinding and polishing is a near / non-destructive processing and manufacturing technology that removes surface burrs, damaged layers and other defects without changing the physical properties of the workpiece material, thereby improving the accuracy and integrity of the workpiece surface. It is often used in aerospace, 3D printing, optical components and other difficult-to-process material components or high-performance manufacturing of plastic material parts.

[0003] Abrasive Water Jet Polishing (AWJP) is an ultra-precision cold processing technology that uses a tiny nozzle to spray an aqueous solution containing abrasives onto the surface of the workpiece. The impact and shearing between the abrasive particles and the workpiece surface can achieve trace material removal. Compared with traditional mechanical processing methods, this method has the advantages of no tool wear, no thermal damage, no thermal deformation, high processing flexibility, high precision and low cost. In the processing of AWJP, various process parameters have a significant impact on the processing performance, such as jet kinetic energy parameters, nozzle structure parameters, abrasive parameters and additives. AWJP technology involves extremely complex fluid mechanics characteristics, complex processing parameters and the establishment of workpiece material models, which makes AWJP technology extremely demanding.

[0004] Ultrasonic assistant abrasive flow polishing (UVAFP) is a composite polishing method that combines ultrasonic vibration and abrasive flow polishing technology. This method is particularly suitable for processing hard, brittle and difficult-to-process material surfaces and surfaces with complex shapes. It expands the application field of abrasive flow polishing technology, thereby improving the polishing efficiency and workpiece surface quality. UVAFP technology is divided into two types according to the different action principles of ultrasonic vibration: one is part processing based on ultrasonic energy, and the other is part processing based on the composite action mechanism of ultrasonic waves and abrasive flow. Compared with traditional technology, adding ultrasonic capacity on the basis of the relative kinetic energy of abrasive particles will greatly improve processing efficiency and significantly improve polishing effect.

[0005] The invention patent (CN114800060A) has been published, a rotary ultrasonic machining device, including a support plate, a transducer is arranged on the top of the support plate, the lower end of the transducer passes through the inside of the support plate and is threadedly connected with a variable amplitude rod, the lower end of the variable amplitude rod is threadedly connected with an automatic tool change spindle, and an ultrasonic machining head is arranged inside the automatic tool change spindle, characterized in that: the bottom of the support plate is symmetrically fixedly connected with a lifting rod, the bottoms of the two lifting rods are commonly fixedly connected with a support table, and a collection mechanism is arranged between the two side plates of the support table, and the collection mechanism includes two suction pipes that are fixedly connected to the inside of the support table and extend to the outside of the support table. In this method, the fan is driven to rotate at a high speed by the rotation of the rotating motor, and a vacuum is formed inside the conical shell, and the debris generated during the processing is sucked into the inside of the conical shell. The debris inside the conical shell falls into the inside of the collection bucket due to gravity, and the debris generated during the processing is collected to improve the processing efficiency. However, this patent does not involve the abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing mechanism, as well as the recovery and utilization of the polishing liquid.

[0006] The invention patent (CN112157596A) has been published, which is an acoustic-magnetic coupling cavitation-assisted liquid jet polishing device and its use method. It can solve the problems of insufficient cavitation bubble impact energy and low bubble transport efficiency during ultrasonic cavitation-assisted liquid jet polishing. This patented technology includes an ultrasonic generator, a piezoelectric transducer, a horn, an acoustic lens, a cavity cover, an outer sleeve, a conical cavity, an electromagnetic coil frame, a gasket, an electromagnetic coil, a magnetic isolation sleeve, a jet nozzle, a magnetic field power supply and a liquid inlet connector. It avoids the premature collapse of cavitation bubbles and improves the polishing efficiency of ultrasonic cavitation-assisted liquid jet. However, the single-point jet polishing adopted in this patent is expected to further improve the efficient grinding and polishing performance of parts.

[0007] The Chinese invention patent (CN115533627A) has been published, a rotary ultrasonic grinding device, including an actuator, the actuator is electrically connected to a control mechanism, the actuator includes an adjustment component and a tool component, the adjustment component and the tool component are detachably connected, the tool component is arranged at the bottom of the control mechanism, the adjustment component penetrates the control mechanism and extends to the top of the control mechanism; a number of laser scanners distributed in a ring array are also arranged between the adjustment component and the tool component, and the laser scanner is electrically connected to the control mechanism; there are an actuator, a control mechanism and a laser scanner, this invention device can reduce tool wear and reduce the fracture rate of the workpiece; the rotary ultrasonic grinding control method can make full use of historical data to set a preset trajectory and optimize each ultrasonic grinding process. However, this patent cannot process hole-type parts, so it is expected to further improve the shape of parts, the expansion of part processing materials and performance. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, such as the inability to remove materials with high precision, the difficulty in polishing the inner wall of small holes, the serious damage, and the recovery and utilization of polishing liquid, the present invention provides a rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing processing method and device.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0010] A rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

[0011] (1) Pass the center of the workpiece through the drainage polishing tube and fix it on the workpiece fixture;

[0012] (2) adding the polishing liquid containing nano-abrasive particles into the liquid collecting tank, turning on the hydraulic pump, and allowing the polishing liquid to flow into the rotating polishing shaft through the liquid infusion tube;

[0013] (3) Turn on the ultrasonic signal generator, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal transmission line, the ultrasonic wave is focused into the rotating polishing shaft through the ultrasonic transducer and the horn, and a large number of cavitation bubbles coated by nano-abrasive particles are generated in the polishing liquid;

[0014] (4) Turn on the speed regulator, and the rotor drives the rotating polishing shaft to rotate at high speed;

[0015] (5) Under the action of ultrasound, the cavitation bubbles formed in the polishing liquid have a thickening rheological effect on the polishing liquid. During the polishing process, the polishing liquid is ejected from the four sides of the drainage polishing tube. The cavitation bubbles in the polishing liquid are accompanied by abrasives to form a cavitation thickening rotating jet to perform microscopic shear on the inner hole of the workpiece. At the same time, the strong shock wave generated by the collapse of the cavitation bubbles and the hydraulic shock and rotational motion of the abrasive flow can remove nanoscale materials from the surface of the inner hole of the workpiece, thereby realizing rotary ultrasonic-assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (3), the ultrasonic transducer that converts the signal into ultrasonic vibration uses giant magnetostrictive material, which has the advantages of greater energy density, higher conversion efficiency and response speed compared with traditional materials; under ultrasonic frequency, the transducer of giant magnetostrictive material has serious heating phenomenon, and heat sinks are arranged around it to alleviate the overheating of the transducer to a certain extent. Heat dissipation holes are arranged on both sides of the upper end of the box body. The purpose of the heat dissipation holes is the same as that of the heat sink, and the position is also arranged near the transducer, so that part of the generated heat can be discharged through the heat dissipation port.

[0017] In the step (4), the speed regulator can adjust the rotation speed of the rotor according to the material and size of the workpiece to achieve the best polishing effect.

[0018] In the step (2), the nano-abrasive particles include one or a mixture of at least two of nano-diamond, cubic boron oxide, boron carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, gallium oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, lithium fluoride, graphite and Al2O3.

[0019] A rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing device comprises an ultrasonic auxiliary device, a rotary auxiliary device, a polishing liquid circulation auxiliary device and a polishing device, wherein the ultrasonic auxiliary device is located at the upper end of a box body, and heat dissipation holes are provided on both sides of the box body; the rotary auxiliary device is located in the middle of the box body; the polishing device is located in the middle and lower part of the box body; and the polishing device is located in the middle of the box body.

[0020] Furthermore, the ultrasonic auxiliary device includes an ultrasonic signal generator, an ultrasonic signal transmission line, an ultrasonic transducer, a heat sink and a variable amplitude rod from top to bottom. The ultrasonic signal generator is connected to the ultrasonic transducer through the ultrasonic signal transmission line. The ultrasonic transducer is wrapped by the heat sink. Heat dissipation holes are provided on both sides of the box at the same horizontal height as the heat sink. The lower end of the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the variable amplitude rod, and the lower end of the variable amplitude rod converges with the two infusion tubes.

[0021] Furthermore, the rotation auxiliary device includes an end cover, an adjustment gasket, a bearing, a bearing seat, a sleeve, a rotator, a rotary polishing shaft and a speed regulator. The bearing and the rotary polishing shaft adopt a transition fit and are connected to the housing by an interference fit. The upper end of the bearing is connected to the end cover, and an adjustment gasket is stored in the end cover and the housing. The lower end of the bearing is connected to the sleeve, and the rotator is tightly attached to the bottom of the sleeve. The rotator is fixed on the rotary polishing shaft, and the speed regulator is placed on the left side of the rotator. The bearing seat is located at the lower end of the recovery tank and is sleeved on the tail end of the drainage polishing tube.

[0022] Furthermore, the polishing liquid circulation auxiliary device includes an infusion pipe, a hydraulic pump, a recovery tank and a liquid collecting tank. The recovery tank is located below the workpiece, the liquid collecting tank is located below the rotating polishing shaft, and two hydraulic pumps and two infusion pipes are provided at the lower end of the liquid collecting tank. The inlets of the two infusion pipes are connected to the bottom end of the liquid collecting tank, and the outlets are connected to the upper end of the rotating polishing shaft, thereby realizing the circulation of the polishing liquid.

[0023] The polishing device includes a workpiece, a workpiece fixture, a rotating polishing shaft, a tool changer and a drainage polishing tube. The lower end of the rotating polishing shaft is connected to the drainage polishing tube through the tool changer. The drainage polishing tube is provided with dense polishing holes. The workpiece fixture is located at the same horizontal height as the drainage polishing tube and is responsible for clamping the cylindrical workpiece. The clamping radius is larger than the radius of the drainage polishing tube. From the outside to the inside, there are the workpiece fixture, the workpiece and the drainage polishing tube. The polishing liquid is sprayed out from the small holes in the drainage polishing tube to achieve polishing of the inner surface of the workpiece.

[0024] The upper end of the rotating polishing shaft is connected to the gathering place of the infusion tube and the amplitude transformer to receive ultrasound and polishing liquid; the rotating polishing shaft and the bearing are connected by transition fit, the rotator is fixed on the rotating polishing shaft and is located at the lower end of the bearing to provide high-speed rotation for the rotating polishing shaft; the lower end of the rotating polishing shaft is connected to the drainage polishing tube through the tool changing disc, and the drainage polishing tube is provided with dense polishing holes, and the abrasive flow will spray out from the holes, thereby processing the inner surface of the workpiece.

[0025] The recovery tank is located at the lower end of the workpiece, and the recovered polishing liquid contains grinding chips and does not participate in the polishing liquid circulation; the collecting tank is located at the lower end of the rotating polishing shaft, and the recovered polishing liquid does not contain grinding chips and participates in the polishing liquid circulation. When the polishing liquid is insufficient, it is supplemented by adding polishing liquid to the collecting tank.

[0026] The tool changer disc is provided with connection holes of various sizes, which can be connected to drainage polishing tubes of different radii.

[0027] The drainage and polishing tube is made of high-hardness and high-wear-resistant materials such as ceramics. According to the requirements of the workpiece to be processed, it can be divided into a slender drainage and polishing tube with a diameter of 2.4-2.6mm and a length of approximately 100-1000mm, a conventional drainage and polishing tube with a diameter of 100mm-200mm, and a special-shaped drainage and polishing tube for processing special parts.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in:

[0029] 1) Easy chip removal. During the polishing process, chips are generated, which accumulate continuously and affect the surface processing accuracy. The present invention uses abrasive water jet technology to remove the chips. During the processing, the polishing liquid can effectively remove the chips in time, so that the workpiece surface is kept clean, thereby ensuring the polishing process.

[0030] 2) Fast heat dissipation. The workpiece and the removal tool remove materials by mutual friction, which generates a lot of heat in the removal process, thereby affecting the surface processing accuracy of the workpiece and causing burns on the workpiece surface. The present invention adopts the cavitation effect, which can not only accelerate the mechanical damage to the workpiece surface, but also fully play a cooling and lubricating effect, thereby reducing or avoiding the problem of burns on the workpiece surface caused by traditional processing.

[0031] 3) Removal of materials with higher precision. Abrasive water jet uses the principle of hydraulic supercharging to generate a high-speed water jet and abrasive to produce violent turbulent diffusion and mixing to form a high-speed abrasive water jet. In the process of processing hard and brittle materials, the material is mainly removed by shear wear. Since the abrasive water jet has a high pressure, the abrasive particles erode the workpiece with a high impact kinetic energy, the ceramic material undergoes brittle fracture, micro cracks are generated on the surface of the workpiece, and a large number of erosion pits are formed, and the precision is not high. The rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing technology adopted by the present invention, under the action of ultrasonic waves, the cavitation bubbles formed in the polishing liquid have a thickening effect on the polishing liquid. During the polishing process, the polishing liquid is sprayed from all sides of the drainage polishing tube. The cavitation bubbles in the polishing liquid are accompanied by the abrasive to form a cavitation thickening rotating jet to microscopically shear the inner hole of the workpiece. At the same time, the strong shock wave generated by the collapse of the cavitation bubbles and the hydraulic shock and rotational motion of the abrasive flow can remove nanoscale materials from the inner hole surface of the workpiece, thereby realizing rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing.

[0032] 4) Efficient recovery and utilization of polishing liquid. In the traditional polishing liquid recovery device, the polishing liquid involved in the polishing process is uniformly recovered and reused without treatment. The grinding chips contained in the polishing liquid will seriously affect the polishing accuracy. The present invention is provided with two recovery devices, namely a recovery tank and a liquid collection tank. The recovery tank is located at the lower end of the workpiece, and the recovered polishing liquid contains grinding chips and does not participate in the polishing liquid circulation; the liquid collection tank is located at the lower end of the rotating polishing shaft, and the recovered polishing liquid does not contain grinding chips and participates in the polishing liquid circulation. When the polishing liquid is insufficient, it is supplemented by adding polishing liquid to the liquid collection tank.

[0033] 5) The present invention has relatively low requirements on processing equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the manufacturing device for rotary ultrasonic-assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing.

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the processing parts of the rotary ultrasonic-assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing device.

[0036] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the processing method of the rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing device.

[0037] Figure 4 Microscopic diagram of material removal.

[0038] Among them, 1. box; 2. ultrasonic signal generator; 3. ultrasonic signal transmission line; 4. ultrasonic transducer; 5. amplitude transformer; 6. bearing; 7. rotator; 8. speed regulator; 9. rotating polishing shaft; 10. tool changer; 11. drainage polishing tube; 12. workpiece; 13. workpiece fixture; 14. recovery tank; 15. bearing seat; 16. infusion tube; 17. collecting tank; 18. hydraulic pump; 19. end cover; 20. adjustment gasket; 21. sleeve; 22. heat sink; 23. heat dissipation hole; 301. high-speed rotation; 302. ultrasonic wave; 303. cavitation bubbles; 304. nano-abrasive particles; 401. aggregation phenomenon; 402. shear removal; 403. crushing effect; 404. water jet. Specific implementation methods

[0039] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 4 , a rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing method, the polishing manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) The center of the workpiece 12 passes through the drainage polishing tube 11 and is fixed on the workpiece fixture 13;

[0042] (2) Add the polishing liquid containing nano-abrasive particles into the liquid collecting tank 17, start the hydraulic pump 18, and let the polishing liquid flow into the rotating polishing shaft 9 along the liquid infusion tube 16;

[0043] (3) Turn on the ultrasonic signal generator 2, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal transmission line 3, the ultrasonic wave is focused into the rotating polishing shaft 9 through the ultrasonic transducer 4 and the horn 5, and a large number of cavitation bubbles coated by nano-abrasive particles are generated in the polishing liquid;

[0044] (4) Turn on the speed regulator 8, and the rotator 7 drives the rotating polishing shaft 9 to rotate at high speed;

[0045] (5) Under the action of ultrasound, the cavitation bubbles formed in the polishing liquid have a thickening rheological effect on the polishing liquid. During the polishing process, the polishing liquid is ejected from the four sides of the drainage polishing tube 11. The cavitation bubbles in the polishing liquid are accompanied by abrasives to form a cavitation thickening rotating jet to perform microscopic shear on the inner hole of the workpiece 12. At the same time, the strong shock wave generated by the collapse of the cavitation bubbles and the hydraulic shock and rotational motion of the abrasive flow can remove nanoscale materials from the inner hole surface of the workpiece 12, thereby realizing rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing.

[0046] The rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing of this embodiment is a composite polishing manufacturing method that uses ultrasonic assisted polishing liquid to form cavitation bubbles to achieve a thickening effect, and then removes the material by jetting and impacting a rotary abrasive water jet, so that it can achieve a nanoscale polishing manufacturing effect.

[0047] A rotary ultrasonic-assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing device includes an ultrasonic auxiliary device, a rotary auxiliary device, a polishing liquid circulation auxiliary device and a polishing device. The ultrasonic auxiliary device includes an ultrasonic signal generator 2, an ultrasonic signal transmission line 3, an ultrasonic transducer 4, a heat sink 22 and an amplitude transformer 5 from top to bottom, and the ultrasonic auxiliary device is located at the upper end of a box 1, and heat dissipation holes 23 are provided on both sides of the box 1; the rotary auxiliary device includes a bearing 6, a rotator 7 and a speed regulator 8, and the rotary auxiliary device is located in the middle of the box 1; the polishing liquid circulation auxiliary device includes a liquid infusion pipe 16, a hydraulic pump 18, a recovery tank 14 and a liquid collecting tank 17, and the polishing liquid circulation auxiliary device is located in the middle and lower part of the box 1; the polishing device includes a workpiece 12, a workpiece fixture 13, a rotary polishing shaft 9, a tool changer 10 and a drainage polishing pipe 11, and the polishing device is located in the middle of the box 1.

[0048] The ultrasonic auxiliary device includes an ultrasonic signal generator 2, an ultrasonic signal transmission line 3, an ultrasonic transducer 4, a heat sink 22 and a horn 5. The ultrasonic signal generator 2 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 4 through the ultrasonic signal transmission line 3. The ultrasonic transducer 4 is wrapped by the heat sink 22. Heat dissipation holes 23 are provided on both sides of the box 1 at the same horizontal height as the heat sink 22. The lower end of the ultrasonic transducer 4 is connected to the horn 5, and the lower end of the horn 5 converges with two infusion tubes 16.

[0049] Optionally, the ultrasonic transducer 4 uses giant magnetostrictive material, which has the advantages of greater energy density, higher conversion efficiency and response speed compared to traditional materials.

[0050] Optionally, at ultrasonic frequencies, the transducer of the giant magnetostrictive material has a serious heating phenomenon, and heat sinks 22 are arranged around it to alleviate the overheating of the transducer to a certain extent. Heat dissipation holes 23 are arranged on both sides of the upper end of the box body 1. The purpose of the heat dissipation holes 23 is the same as that of the heat sink 22, and the position is also arranged near the transducer, so that part of the generated heat can be discharged through the heat dissipation port.

[0051] The rotation auxiliary device includes an end cover 19, an adjustment gasket 20, a bearing 6, a bearing seat 15, a sleeve 21, a rotator 7, a rotary polishing shaft 9 and a speed regulator 8. The bearing 6 and the rotary polishing shaft 9 adopt a transition fit, and the bearing 6 and the housing 1 adopt an interference fit connection. The upper end of the bearing 6 is connected to the end cover 19, and the end cover 19 and the housing 1 store an adjustment gasket 20. The lower end of the bearing 6 is connected to the sleeve 21, and the lower part of the sleeve 21 is close to the rotator 7. The rotator 7 is fixed on the rotary polishing shaft 9, and the speed regulator 8 is placed on the left side of the rotator 7. The bearing seat 15 is located at the lower end of the recovery tank 14 and is sleeved on the tail end of the drainage polishing tube 11.

[0052] Optionally, the adjusting gasket 20 is made of rubber material and plays a role in adjusting the compensation gap.

[0053] Optionally, the speed regulator 8 can adjust the rotation speed of the rotator 7 according to the material and size of the workpiece 12 to achieve the best polishing effect.

[0054] Optionally, the bearing seat 15 is located at the rear end of the drainage polishing tube 11 to play a role in positioning and fixing, thereby preventing the drainage polishing tube 11 from shaking left and right and improving the polishing accuracy.

[0055] The polishing device includes a workpiece 12, a workpiece fixture 13, a rotating polishing shaft 9, a tool changer 10 and a drainage polishing tube 11. The lower end of the rotating polishing shaft is connected to the drainage polishing tube 11 through the tool changer 10. The drainage polishing tube 11 is provided with dense polishing holes. The workpiece fixture 13 is located at the same level as the drainage polishing tube 11 and is responsible for clamping the cylindrical workpiece 12. The clamping radius is larger than the radius of the drainage polishing tube 11. From the outside to the inside, there are the workpiece fixture 13, the workpiece 12 and the drainage polishing tube 11. The polishing liquid is sprayed from the small holes of the drainage polishing tube 11 to achieve polishing of the inner surface of the workpiece 12.

[0056] Optionally, the upper end of the rotating polishing shaft is connected to the gathering place of the infusion tube and the amplitude transformer to receive ultrasound and polishing fluid; the rotating polishing shaft and the bearing are connected by a transition fit, and the rotator is fixed on the rotating polishing shaft and located at the lower end of the bearing to provide high-speed rotation for the rotating polishing shaft; the lower end of the rotating polishing shaft is connected to the drainage polishing tube 11 through the tool changing plate 10, and the drainage polishing tube 11 is provided with dense polishing holes, and the abrasive flow will be ejected from the holes, thereby processing the inner surface of the workpiece.

[0057] Optionally, the cutter disc 10 has connecting holes of various sizes, which can be connected to drainage polishing tubes 11 of different radii.

[0058] Optionally, the drainage polishing tube 11 is made of high hardness and high wear-resistant material such as ceramics, and can be divided into a slender drainage polishing tube 11 with a diameter of 2.4-2.6mm and a length of approximately 100-1000mm, a conventional drainage polishing tube 11 with a diameter of 100mm-200mm, and a special-shaped drainage polishing tube 11 for processing special parts according to the requirements of the workpiece to be processed.

[0059] The polishing liquid circulation auxiliary device includes an infusion pipe 16, a hydraulic pump 18, a recovery tank 14 and a liquid collecting tank 17. The recovery tank 14 is located below the workpiece 12, and the liquid collecting tank is located below the rotating polishing shaft 9. Two hydraulic pumps 18 and two infusion pipes 16 are provided at the lower end of the liquid collecting tank. The inlets of the two infusion pipes 16 are connected to the bottom end of the liquid collecting tank, and the outlets are connected to the upper end of the rotating polishing shaft 9, thereby realizing the circulation of the polishing liquid.

[0060] Optionally, the recovery tank 14 is located at the lower end of the workpiece 12, and the recovered polishing liquid contains abrasive chips and does not participate in the polishing liquid circulation; the collecting tank 17 is located at the lower end of the rotary polishing, 9, and the recovered polishing liquid does not contain abrasive chips and participates in the polishing liquid circulation. When the polishing liquid is insufficient, it is supplemented by adding polishing liquid to the collecting tank.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] The present invention is used for processing the additive manufacturing of slender tubes (such as silicon materials, optical crystals, etc., and various difficult-to-process materials) with a size of 3mm in diameter and 90-900mm in length. The selected processing equipment is a horizontal rotating ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing processing device ( Figure 1 The vertical rotating ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing processing device is shown)

[0063] The horizontal rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing processing device has the same components as the vertical rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing processing device (not described here in detail). The difference is that the ultrasonic assisted device, polishing rotating shaft, tool changer, drainage polishing tube and the components matched therewith are arranged horizontally.

[0064] The polishing manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

[0065] (1) The center of the additively manufactured slender tube workpiece 12 passes through the drainage polishing tube 11 and is fixed on the workpiece fixture 13;

[0066] A slender drainage polishing tube 11 with a diameter of 2.6 mm and a length of about 100-1000 mm is installed on the tool changer 10.

[0067] (2) Add the polishing liquid containing nano-abrasive particles into the liquid collecting tank 17 , turn on the hydraulic pump 18 , and let the polishing liquid flow into the rotating polishing shaft 9 along the liquid infusion tube 16 .

[0068] (3) Turn on the ultrasonic signal generator 2, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal transmission line 3, and the ultrasonic wave is focused to the rotating polishing shaft 9 through the ultrasonic transducer 4 and the horn 5, and a large number of cavitation bubbles coated by nano-abrasive particles are generated in the polishing liquid.

[0069] (4) Turn on the speed regulator 8, and the rotator 7 drives the rotating polishing shaft 9 to rotate at high speed.

[0070] (5) Under the action of ultrasound, the cavitation bubbles formed in the polishing liquid have a thickening rheological effect on the polishing liquid. During the polishing process, the polishing liquid is ejected from the four sides of the drainage polishing tube 11. The cavitation bubbles in the polishing liquid are accompanied by abrasives to form a cavitation thickening rotating jet to efficiently shear the inner hole of the additively manufactured slender hole workpiece 12. At the same time, the strong shock wave generated by the collapse of the cavitation bubbles and the hydraulic shock and rotational motion of the abrasive flow can remove nanoscale materials from the inner hole surface of the additively manufactured slender hole workpiece 12, thereby realizing rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] The invention is used for processing the inner wall of a glass or metal tube with a diameter of 90 mm and a length of 200 mm.

[0073] The polishing method includes the following steps:

[0074] (1) The center of a glass or metal tube workpiece 12 is passed through the drainage polishing tube 11 and fixed on a workpiece fixture 13;

[0075] A conventional drainage polishing tube 11 with a diameter of 80 mm and a length of 240 mm is installed on the cutter disc 10 .

[0076] (2) Add the polishing liquid containing nano-abrasive particles into the liquid collecting tank 17 , turn on the hydraulic pump 18 , and let the polishing liquid flow into the rotating polishing shaft 9 along the liquid infusion tube 16 .

[0077] (3) Turn on the ultrasonic signal generator 2, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal transmission line 3, and the ultrasonic wave is focused to the rotating polishing shaft 9 through the ultrasonic transducer 4 and the horn 5, and a large number of cavitation bubbles coated by nano-abrasive particles are generated in the polishing liquid.

[0078] (4) Turn on the speed regulator 8, and the rotator 7 drives the rotating polishing shaft 9 to rotate at high speed.

[0079] (5) Under the action of ultrasonic waves, the cavitation bubbles formed in the polishing liquid have a thickening rheological effect on the polishing liquid. During the polishing process, the polishing liquid is ejected from the four sides of the drainage polishing tube 11. The cavitation bubbles in the polishing liquid are accompanied by abrasives to form a cavitation thickening rotating jet to efficiently shear the inner hole of the glass or metal tube inner wall workpiece 12. At the same time, the strong shock wave generated by the collapse of the cavitation bubbles and the hydraulic shock and rotational motion of the abrasive flow can remove nanoscale materials from the inner hole surface of the glass or metal tube inner wall workpiece 12, thereby realizing rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] The present invention is used for processing the inner wall of a truncated cone with a size of 100 mm in diameter at the large end and 60 mm in diameter at the small end (such as silicon materials, optical crystals, etc., and various difficult-to-process materials).

[0082] The polishing method includes the following steps:

[0083] (1) The center of the truncated cone workpiece 12 passes through the drainage polishing tube 11 and is fixed on the workpiece fixture 13;

[0084] A truncated cone-shaped drainage polishing tube 11 with a large end diameter of 90 mm and a small end diameter of 50 mm is installed on the tool changer 10 .

[0085] (2) Add the polishing liquid containing nano-abrasive particles into the liquid collecting tank 17 , turn on the hydraulic pump 18 , and let the polishing liquid flow into the rotating polishing shaft 9 along the liquid infusion tube 16 .

[0086] (3) Turn on the ultrasonic signal generator 2, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal transmission line 3, and the ultrasonic wave is focused to the rotating polishing shaft 9 through the ultrasonic transducer 4 and the horn 5, and a large number of cavitation bubbles coated by nano-abrasive particles are generated in the polishing liquid.

[0087] (4) Turn on the speed regulator 8, and the rotator 7 drives the rotating polishing shaft 9 to rotate at high speed.

[0088] (5) Under the action of ultrasonic waves, cavitation bubbles formed in the polishing liquid have a thickening rheological effect on the polishing liquid. During the polishing process, the polishing liquid is ejected from the four sides of the drainage polishing tube 11. The cavitation bubbles in the polishing liquid are accompanied by abrasives to form a cavitation thickening rotating jet to efficiently shear the inner hole of the frustum inner wall workpiece 12. At the same time, the strong shock wave generated by the collapse of the cavitation bubbles and the hydraulic shock and rotational motion of the abrasive flow can remove nanoscale materials from the inner hole surface of the frustum inner wall workpiece 12, thereby realizing rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing.

[0089] The contents described in the embodiments of this specification are merely enumerations of implementation forms of the inventive concept and are for illustrative purposes only. The protection scope of the present invention should not be considered to be limited to the specific forms described in this embodiment, and the protection scope of the present invention also extends to equivalent technical means that can be thought of by ordinary technicians in this field based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) Pass the center of the workpiece through the drainage polishing tube and fix it on the workpiece fixture; (2) adding the polishing liquid containing nano-abrasive particles into the liquid collecting tank, turning on the hydraulic pump, and allowing the polishing liquid to flow into the rotating polishing shaft through the liquid infusion tube; (3) Turn on the ultrasonic signal generator, the signal is transmitted by the ultrasonic signal transmission line, the ultrasonic wave is focused into the rotating polishing shaft through the ultrasonic transducer and the horn, and a large number of cavitation bubbles coated by nano-abrasive particles are generated in the polishing liquid; (4) Turn on the speed regulator, and the rotor drives the rotating polishing shaft to rotate at high speed; (5) Under the action of ultrasound, the cavitation bubbles formed in the polishing liquid have a thickening rheological effect on the polishing liquid. During the polishing process, the polishing liquid is ejected from the four sides of the drainage polishing tube. The cavitation bubbles in the polishing liquid are accompanied by abrasives to form a cavitation thickening rotating jet to perform microscopic shear on the inner hole of the workpiece. At the same time, the strong shock wave generated by the collapse of the cavitation bubbles and the hydraulic shock and rotational motion of the abrasive flow can remove nanoscale materials from the surface of the inner hole of the workpiece, thereby realizing rotary ultrasonic-assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing.

2. The rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the ultrasonic transducer that converts the signal into ultrasonic vibration adopts giant magnetostrictive material. At the ultrasonic frequency, heat sinks are arranged around the ultrasonic transducer, and heat dissipation holes are arranged on both sides of the upper end of the box. The heat dissipation holes are also arranged in a position close to the transducer.

3. The rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the step (4), the speed regulator can adjust the rotation speed of the rotor according to the material and size of the workpiece to achieve the best polishing effect.

4. The rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the step (2), the nano-abrasive particles include one or a mixture of at least two of nano-diamond, cubic boron oxide, boron carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, gallium oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, lithium fluoride, graphite and Al2O3.

5. A device for implementing the rotary ultrasonic assisted abrasive water jet thickening rheological polishing manufacturing method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The device includes an ultrasonic auxiliary device, a rotation auxiliary device, a polishing liquid circulation auxiliary device and a polishing device. The ultrasonic auxiliary device is located at the upper end of the box, and heat dissipation holes are opened on both sides of the box; the rotation auxiliary device is located in the middle of the box; the polishing device is located in the lower middle part of the box; and the polishing device is located in the middle of the box.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The ultrasonic auxiliary device includes an ultrasonic signal generator, an ultrasonic signal transmission line, an ultrasonic transducer, a heat sink and a horn from top to bottom. The ultrasonic signal generator is connected to the ultrasonic transducer through the ultrasonic signal transmission line. The ultrasonic transducer is wrapped by the heat sink. Heat dissipation holes are provided on both sides of the box at the same level as the heat sink. The lower end of the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the horn, and the lower end of the horn converges with the two infusion tubes.

7. The device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The rotation auxiliary device includes an end cover, an adjustment gasket, a bearing, a bearing seat, a sleeve, a rotator, a rotary polishing shaft and a speed regulator. The bearing and the rotary polishing shaft adopt a transition fit and are connected to the housing by an interference fit. The upper end of the bearing is connected to the end cover, and an adjustment gasket is stored in the end cover and the housing. The lower end of the bearing is connected to the sleeve, and the sleeve is tightly attached to the rotator below. The rotator is fixed on the rotary polishing shaft, and the speed regulator is placed on the left side of the rotator. The bearing seat is located at the lower end of the recovery tank and is sleeved on the tail end of the drainage polishing tube.

8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The polishing liquid circulation auxiliary device includes an infusion pipe, a hydraulic pump, a recovery tank and a liquid collecting tank. The recovery tank is located below the workpiece, and the liquid collecting tank is located below the rotating polishing shaft. Two hydraulic pumps and two infusion pipes are provided at the lower end of the liquid collecting tank. The inlets of the two infusion pipes are connected to the bottom end of the liquid collecting tank, and the outlets are connected to the upper end of the rotating polishing shaft, thereby realizing the circulation of the polishing liquid.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that The polishing device includes a workpiece, a workpiece fixture, a rotating polishing shaft, a tool changer and a drainage polishing tube. The lower end of the rotating polishing shaft is connected to the drainage polishing tube through the tool changer. The drainage polishing tube is provided with dense polishing holes. The workpiece fixture is located at the same horizontal height as the drainage polishing tube and is responsible for clamping the cylindrical workpiece. The clamping radius is larger than the radius of the drainage polishing tube. From the outside to the inside, there are the workpiece fixture, the workpiece and the drainage polishing tube. The polishing liquid is sprayed out from the small holes in the drainage polishing tube to achieve polishing of the inner surface of the workpiece.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The upper end of the rotating polishing shaft is connected to the gathering place of the infusion tube and the amplitude transformer to receive ultrasound and polishing liquid; the rotating polishing shaft and the bearing are connected by transition fit, the rotator is fixed on the rotating polishing shaft and is located at the lower end of the bearing to provide high-speed rotation for the rotating polishing shaft; the lower end of the rotating polishing shaft is connected to the drainage polishing tube through the tool changing disc, and the drainage polishing tube is provided with dense polishing holes, and the abrasive flow will spray out from the holes, thereby processing the inner surface of the workpiece.

Images