Safety valve for high-pressure tank

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a relief valve capable of discharging a predetermined amount of gas from start-up. [Solution] A safety valve (30) has a main body section (31) and an igniter (34) (one example of an opening unit). The main body (31) has: a male thread section (31A) which is a region in which the male thread has been cut; an internal space (31B) in which the igniter (34) is provided; a cavity part 31C that communicates with the space 10a of the tank main body 10; an openable section (32) which is the bottom of the cavity section (31C) and which is opened by being ignited by an igniter (34) (a hole section is formed by melting, cracking, breaking, or the like); and a discharge port (33) that communicates with the external environment and discharges gas at the time of startup. The total opening area of the discharge port (33) is preferably 0.008-5.5 (mm2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a safety valve for a high-pressure tank. Background Art

[0002] Some high-pressure tanks (gas cylinders) storing compressed gas, etc., are equipped with a safety valve (also called a fusible plug valve). The safety valve has a structure that opens when the fusible plug melts when the ambient temperature rises abnormally for some reason. For example, when the temperature of the high-pressure tank rises abnormally due to a fire, etc., the safety valve will be activated to prevent the high-pressure tank from rupturing.

[0003] Prior art literature:

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 1: Patent Publication No. 5007809 Summary of the invention

[0006] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0007] In the safety valve (fusible plug valve) of Patent Document 1, it takes time for the fusible plug to completely melt, so it is difficult to discharge gas constantly from the start. In addition, if a combustible gas (such as hydrogen) is stored in the high-pressure tank, it is preferred that the gas be discharged in an amount that would have little effect even if hydrogen ignites, within a predetermined time after the safety valve starts to be started.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a safety valve capable of discharging a predetermined amount of gas (for example, an amount that will have a minimal effect even if ignition occurs) from the start.

[0009] Solution to the problem

[0010] (1) The present invention is a safety valve for a high-pressure tank, which can be connected to an opening of a tank body filled with a fluid, and is characterized in that it comprises: a main body having a discharge port in contact with the external environment, and a flow path that can communicate the opening with the external environment via the discharge port; a valve that is arranged at any position of the flow path, normally closes the flow path, and opens the flow path at abnormally high temperature or when an abnormality is detected, and the total opening area of ​​the discharge port is 0.008 to 5.5 (mm 2 ).

[0011] (2) In the safety valve for high-pressure tanks of (1) above, it is preferred that the valve has an openable portion that is opened by driving an opening unit provided in the flow path, the opening unit being provided in the flow path at a downstream side of the openable portion, and opening the openable portion by using energy (heat, pressure, etc.) obtained by ignition of gunpowder as a driving source. The gunpowder referred to here refers to a gunpowder composition such as ignition powder, ignition primer, AI agent, gas generating agent, or a pyrotechnic product in which the same are assembled into an igniter or gas generator.

[0012] (3) From another perspective, in the safety valve for a high-pressure tank described in (2) above, the opening unit is an igniter that is activated by the flow of current through the gunpowder, and the openable portion may include: a cylinder that is arranged in a direction intersecting the flow path; and a piston member that is arranged to be able to slide in the cylinder, close the flow path in an initial state, and when the igniter is started, the flow path is opened by sliding using the driving force obtained by ignition of the igniter.

[0013] (4) In the safety valve for a high-pressure tank according to (2) above, it is preferred that the openable portion is a plate-like member that closes the flow path, and the plate-like member is melted, broken, or ruptured by energy obtained by ignition of the explosive.

[0014] (5) In the safety valve for a high-pressure tank of (2) or (3) above, preferably, the opening unit further includes an automatic ignition agent that automatically ignites at a temperature higher than a predetermined temperature lower than an ignition temperature of the gunpowder to ignite the gunpowder.

[0015] (6) In the safety valve for a high-pressure tank according to (5) above, it is preferred that the openable portion is formed of a metal that is soluble at the abnormally high temperature.

[0016] (7) From another perspective, the safety valve for a high-pressure tank described in (2) above may also include: a power generation unit that generates power by utilizing the Seebeck effect when a temperature difference occurs at a predetermined position; and wiring that electrically connects an igniter that is activated by passing an electric current through the gunpowder and the power generation unit.

[0017] (8) In the safety valve for a high-pressure tank of the above-mentioned (7), preferably, the power generation section is formed by electrically connecting one end of a first semiconductor and one end of a second semiconductor having a Seebeck coefficient different from that of the first semiconductor in series, and a protection section is provided, wherein the protection section internally protects the other end sides of the first semiconductor and the second semiconductor from the influence of heat, so that when the abnormally high temperature is reached, a temperature gradient is generated between the one end side and the other end side of the first semiconductor and the second semiconductor, and the other end sides of the first semiconductor and the second semiconductor are electrically connected to the igniter through the wiring.

[0018] (9) From another perspective, in the safety valve for high-pressure tanks of the above-mentioned (7), the power generation part can also be formed by stacking two or more materials with different Seebeck coefficients among metals and semiconductors into layers, and one side of the stacking of the power generation part is protected from the influence of heat by a protective part to generate a temperature gradient in the stacking direction of the power generation part when the abnormally high temperature is reached.

[0019] (10) From another perspective, in the safety valve for a high-pressure tank of (7) above, the power generation portion may be formed of a metal and configured to generate a temperature gradient between a portion and a portion different from the portion at the abnormally high temperature. The shape of the power generation portion here includes, for example, a layered, plate-like, rod-like, linear, and a combination of these shapes.

[0020] (11) From another perspective, in the safety valve for a high-pressure tank described in (7) above, the power generation section may include at least a first metal component and a second metal component having a Seebeck coefficient different from that of the first metal component, and one end of the first metal component is electrically connected to one end of the second metal component, and the other end sides of the first metal component and the second metal component are electrically connected to the igniter via the wiring, and are arranged in a manner to generate a temperature gradient between the two ends.

[0021] (12) From another perspective, in the safety valve for a high-pressure tank described in (2) above, the opening unit has a movable body having a protrusion that emits a pressure wave generated by igniting the gunpowder toward the openable portion, and when started, the openable portion is broken or cracked by the protrusion of the movable body to open it.

[0022] Effects of the Invention

[0023] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a safety valve for a high-pressure tank that can smoothly discharge a predetermined amount of gas (for example, an amount that has little effect even on hydrogen ignition) from the start. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a high-pressure tank having a safety valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 Yes means Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a partial cross section of a safety valve.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a safety valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a safety valve according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a safety valve according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a safety valve according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a safety valve according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a safety valve according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a safety valve according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.10 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a safety valve according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.11 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a safety valve according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.12 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a safety valve according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of a vehicle equipped with a high-pressure tank including a safety valve according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] <First Embodiment>

[0038] Below, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first embodiment of the present invention is described in detail. The present invention can be implemented in various ways without departing from the main purpose thereof. For example, in the following embodiment, the present invention is applied to a high-pressure tank for fuel gas (high-pressure hydrogen) mounted on a fuel cell vehicle, etc., but the present invention is not limited thereto and can be applied to a high-pressure tank for storing other types of compressed gas or liquefied gas.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the high-pressure tank 100 comprises: a tank body 10 having a space 10a for filling and storing a high-pressure gas (such as hydrogen) inside; an opening 11 disposed at one end of the tank body 10 ( Figure 1opening 12, which is provided at the other end of the tank body 10 ( Figure 1 middle is the upper end).

[0040] A cover member (not shown) is provided on the opening 11, and a valve (tank valve) 20 is mounted on the cover member. A supply port 21 for supplying gas is provided on the valve 20. The supply port 21 is connected to a pipe (not shown) connected to a device using hydrogen as a power source, such as a fuel cell or a hydrogen engine. Under normal circumstances (when abnormal high temperature due to fire does not occur, etc.), the gas in the space 10a of the tank body 10 is supplied to the device using hydrogen as a power source via the valve 20, the supply port 21 and the pipe.

[0041] An internal thread (not shown) is cut on the opening portion 12, and the safety valve 30 is installed by screwing in an external thread (not shown) on a portion of the outer periphery of the safety valve 30 on the tank body 10 side (an external thread portion 31A on the tank body 10 side of the outer periphery of the main body 31 described later).

[0042] The safety valve 30 has a main body 31 and an igniter 34 (an example of an opening unit that is disposed on the downstream side of the gas flow direction of the openable portion 32 with the tank body 10 side as the upstream side in the flow path described later, and uses the energy obtained by driving (starting) as a driving source to open the openable portion 32). The main body 31 has: an external threaded portion 31A, which is a portion cut with an external thread; an internal space 31B, in which the igniter 34 is disposed; a recessed portion 31C, which is connected to the space 10a of the tank body 10; the openable portion 32, which is the bottom of the recessed portion 31C, which is ignited by the igniter 34 and opened (a hole is formed by melting, cracking or breaking, etc.); and a discharge port 33, which is connected to the external environment and discharges gas at the time of starting.

[0043] Here, when hydrogen gas is filled into the space 10 a of the tank body 10 , it is preferable to use a material that takes measures against hydrogen embrittlement for the body portion 31 , and for example, SUS316, SUS316L, or the like is preferably used.

[0044] In addition, in the openable portion 32, a fragile portion such as a notch groove may be formed at a location where the flame from the igniter 34 contacts. This makes it possible to facilitate cracking and suppress scattered objects. In addition, the openable portion 32 may be formed to have a plate thickness such that it is not deformed by the gas pressure in the tank under normal circumstances and cracks when the igniter 34 is activated. In addition, the openable portion 32 is formed integrally with the main body 31, but is not limited to this. A through hole may be provided, a bursting disc is provided to close the through hole, and the bursting disc is cracked by the activation of the igniter 34.

[0045] The size of the total opening area varies depending on the critical constant (σ), gas constant (R), temperature (T), pressure in the tank (P), gas volume in the tank (V), and gas discharge time (t). The general formula is as follows.

[0046]

Number 1

[0047]

[0048] However, the technically storage capacity of the tank is fixed, and it is also difficult to produce a small total opening area in terms of processing technology. In addition, in the case of a small total opening area, the discharge port may be blocked by foreign matter and the effect of exhausting the gas cannot be achieved. In addition, if the total opening area is set to be above a certain value, the gas discharge speed will increase, and the high concentration of gas will mix with the oxygen in the air, which will increase the risk of fire and detonation. Taking all these into consideration, in order to exhaust the gas at an appropriate speed, the total opening area in the discharge port 33 is preferably 0.008~5.5 (mm 2 ), more preferably 0.08 to 3.2 (mm 2 ).

[0049] In addition, it is preferred to set the exhaust port 33 toward the ground side, or further install a pipe to discharge the gas toward the ground side. Thus, even if the hydrogen catches fire, a small amount (amount that is not likely to cause damage to people, equipment, etc.) can be discharged from the exhaust port 33. In addition, since the hydrogen can be discharged relatively smoothly, even if a high temperature abnormality caused by a fire occurs, the explosion of the tank body 10 can be prevented, and the impact caused by the ignition of the discharged hydrogen can be minimized.

[0050] On the external environment side of the internal space 31B ( Figure 2 A fixing component 36 is fixed to the upper side of the igniter 34 to fix it.

[0051] The igniter 34 is used to generate flames, and includes an ignition portion (not shown) and a pair of terminal pins 35. The ignition portion includes therein ignition powder that ignites and burns to generate flames at the time of starting, and a resistor for igniting the ignition powder.

[0052] More specifically, the ignition unit includes a cup-shaped squib cup and a plug that closes the open end of the squib cup and inserts a pair of terminal pins 35 to hold it, a resistor (bridge wire) is installed to connect the front ends of the pair of terminal pins 35 inserted into the squib cup, and an ignition charge is loaded into the squib cup to surround the resistor or close to the resistor. In addition to the ignition charge, ignition charge and / or AI agent may be loaded into the squib cup as needed.

[0053] Here, as the resistor, nickel-chromium alloy wire or the like is generally used, and as the ignition powder, ZPP (zirconium·potassium perchlorate), ZWPP (zirconium·tungsten·potassium perchlorate), ignition powder (basic copper nitrate, zirconium) lead trioctylate or the like is generally used. In addition, as a combustion aid that releases a large amount of flame, and further as an ignition powder, a composition composed of metal powder / oxidant represented by B / KNO3, B / NaNO3, Sr(NO3)2, etc., a thermite composition, a composition composed of titanium hydride / potassium perchlorate, and a composition composed of titanium / potassium perchlorate can be used; as an AI agent, a composition composed of B / 5-aminotetrazole / potassium nitrate / molybdenum trioxide or 5-aminotetrazole / potassium nitrate / molybdenum trioxide or 5-aminotetrazole / potassium nitrate / strontium nitrate / molybdenum trioxide, or a composition made of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one / sodium nitrate, or a smokeless powder with nitrocellulose as the main component can be cited. In addition, the above-mentioned squib cup and plug are usually made of metal or plastic.

[0054] A pair of terminal pins 35 are connected to the ignition part in order to ignite the ignition powder, and are connected to a power source 40 (battery, etc.) via wiring 41. For example, when the detected temperature of a temperature sensor (not shown) for detecting the external temperature of the tank body 10 is above a predetermined temperature, the power source 40 receives a command signal sent from a control part (not shown) and flows a predetermined amount of current to the pair of terminal pins 35 via wiring 41. That is, by flowing a predetermined amount of current through the resistor, Joule heat is generated in the resistor, and the ignition powder begins to burn. The high-temperature flame generated by the combustion ruptures the squib cup containing the ignition powder. When a nickel-chromium alloy wire is used as the resistor, the time from the flow of current through the resistor to the start of the igniter 34 is generally less than 2 [ms].

[0055] Next, the operation and activation of the safety valve 30 in the high-pressure tank 100 of the present embodiment will be described.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 When the high-pressure tank 100 is exposed to an abnormally high temperature above a predetermined temperature, the temperature is detected by the temperature sensor, and based on this, according to a command from the control unit, a current flows from the power source 40 to the igniter 34 as a driving source via the wiring 41, and the igniter 34 is started. The flame generated by the start of the igniter 34 opens the openable portion 32 (forming a hole by melting, cracking or breaking, etc.), and the internal space 31B and the concave portion 31C are connected. Through the internal space 31B and the concave portion 31C are connected, the gas filled in the space 10a of the tank body 10 is discharged to the external environment through the flow path formed by the concave portion 31C, the internal space 31B, and the discharge port 33.

[0057] According to the safety valve 30 having the above-described structure, a predetermined amount of gas (for example, an amount that has a slight effect even if ignition occurs) can be discharged from the start.

[0058] In particular, when used for a high-pressure tank 100 filled with hydrogen, by setting the diameter of the discharge port 33 to 0.001 mm to 0.2 mm, more preferably 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm, even if the hydrogen catches fire, a minimal amount of hydrogen can be discharged from the discharge port 33. In addition, since the hydrogen can be discharged relatively smoothly, even if a high temperature abnormality caused by a fire occurs, the tank body 10 can be prevented from bursting, and the impact caused by the ignition of the discharged hydrogen can be minimized.

[0059] <Second Embodiment>

[0060] Next, refer to Figure 3 The second embodiment of the present invention is described in detail. In addition, since the high-pressure tank of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the description and illustration of the same parts will be omitted unless otherwise specified. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the last two digits of the symbols in this embodiment are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown in (a), the safety valve 130 is different from the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment mainly in that: the main body 131 is overall slender in shape compared with the main body 31 of the first embodiment; the openable portion 132 as the bottom of the closed recessed cavity 131C is formed by welding, riveting, cutting or pasting a plate-like member; one or more exhaust ports 133 are formed; the igniter 134 is fixed by riveting or molding by a fixing member 136; and the main body 131 and the igniter 134 are sealed by an O-ring 137.

[0062] Since a part of the openable portion 132 is exposed to the compressed gas for a long time, the openable portion 132 is preferably formed of a nickel-based alloy component formed of a thin metal plate. For example, as the openable portion 132, it is preferred to use a metal thin plate having heat resistance and corrosion resistance (for example, a thickness of about 200 [μm]), and it is particularly preferred to use a thin plate composed of stainless steel such as SUS316, SUS316L (JIS standard symbol) or chromium-nickel-iron alloy (Inconel 625) composed of Ni: 10 [weight %], Cr: 23 [weight %], Mn: 6 [weight %], Mo: 2 [weight %], C: 0.01 [weight %], N: 0.5 [weight %], and other component ratios. In addition, on the openable portion 132, a fragile portion such as a notch groove can also be formed at a location where the flame from the igniter 134 contacts.

[0063] In addition, among the plurality of exhaust ports 133, the exhaust ports that can be arranged toward the ground side can remain as they are, and it is preferred that the exhaust ports that cannot be arranged toward the ground side be equipped with pipes to exhaust gas toward the ground side. If the structure of the exhausted gas does not burn, or if the structure is heat-insulating or fire-proof so that no other harm will be caused even if the flame burns, it may not be on the ground side.

[0064] Next, the activation of the safety valve 130 in this embodiment will be described.

[0065] Reference Figure 3 When the high pressure tank is exposed to an abnormally high temperature above a predetermined temperature, the temperature is detected by the temperature sensor, and based on this, according to a command from the above-mentioned control unit, a current flows from a power source (not shown) to the igniter 134 via the wiring 141, and the igniter 134 is started. The flame generated by the start of the igniter 134 opens the openable portion 132 (forming the hole portion 132a by melting, cracking or breaking, etc.), and the internal space 131B and the concave portion 131C are connected (refer to Figure 3 (b)) Since the internal space 131B and the recessed portion 131C are connected, the gas filled in the internal space of the tank body 110 is discharged to the external environment through the flow path formed by the recessed portion 131C, the hole portion 132a, the internal space 131B, and the discharge port 133.

[0066] According to the safety valve 130 having the above-described structure, it is possible to achieve the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

[0067] <Third Embodiment>

[0068] Next, refer to Figure 4 The third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, since the high-pressure tank of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the description and illustration of the same parts will be omitted unless otherwise specified. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the last two digits of the symbols in this embodiment are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, the safety valve 230 differs from the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment mainly in that: a main body 231 composed of multiple components is used; ignition powder 234A and automatic ignition agent (AI agent) 234B are used as the opening unit 234 instead of the igniter; and a filter 238 is provided on the exhaust port 233.

[0070] The main body 231 includes a first component 231a having a concave cross section, a second component 231b having a substantially plate-like shape, and a third component 231c having a substantially T-shaped cross section. A discharge port 233 is formed in the central portion of the first component 231a. A concave portion 231B1 is formed on the third component 231c side of the central portion of the second component 231b, and a concave portion 231C1 is formed on the second component 231b side of the central portion of the third component 231c. Furthermore, an ignition powder 234A disposed on the concave portion 231C1 side and an AI agent 234B disposed on the concave portion 231B1 side are sandwiched between the concave portion 231B1 and the concave portion 231C1. The ignition powder 234A and the AI ​​agent 234B may be disposed so that one of them is disposed on the concave portion 231C1 side, and the ignition powder 234A may be contained in the AI ​​agent 234B, or the AI ​​agent 234B may be a single body. In addition, annular recessed portions 231B2 and 231C2 for arranging the sealing member 237 between the second member 231b and the third member 231c are provided on the respective opposing surfaces of the second member 231b and the third member 231c.

[0071] The sealing member 237 is, for example, an O-ring, a seal or a gasket. As the material of the sealing member 237, fluororubber, styrene rubber, olefin rubber, etc. can be used. As another method, it is also possible to apply an adhesive to the sealing member 237 for sealing. As the adhesive, for example, an adhesive containing cyanoacrylate resin, silicone resin, styrene rubber or olefin rubber as a raw material can be preferably used. In addition, the sealing member 237 can also be a metal member containing at least one of stainless steel, copper, copper alloy, aluminum, and aluminum alloy.

[0072] Examples of the ignition powder 234A include ZPP (zirconium·potassium perchlorate), ZWPP (zirconium·tungsten·potassium perchlorate), and lead trioctylate.

[0073] AI agent 234B is a gunpowder with an auto-ignition (AI) function. When the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature lower than the ignition temperature of the ignition powder, it reacts to the heat generated by the temperature and automatically ignites. Here, AI agent 234B preferably automatically ignites at a temperature lower than the burst temperature of the high-pressure tank, for example, below the ignition temperature of 230°C. Furthermore, considering the thermal conductivity and the distance from the heat source, it is preferably automatically ignited below 200°C. In addition, for example, AI agent 234B preferably contains the following components (A) or (B).

[0074] (A) AI agent formed by bonding a fuel component, an oxidant and a combustion regulator with a binder. Here, as an example of the fuel component, an organic substance containing nitrogen atoms composed of aminotetrazole or its salt can be cited. As an example of the oxidant, an oxidant containing nitrate in an amount of 50% by weight or more can be cited. Examples of the combustion regulator include molybdenum, iron or their oxides. Examples of the binder include binders selected from the following groups (1), (2), and (3).

[0075] (1) A hydrotalcite compound represented by the following general formula

[0076] 〔M 2+ 1-x M 3+ x (OH)2〕 x+ 〔A n- x / n ·mH2O〕 x-

[0077] Here, M 2+ :Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Fe 2+ 、Co 2+ 、Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ 、Zn 2+ Divalent metals

[0078] M 3+ :Al 3+ , Fe 3+ Cr 3+ 、Co 3+ 、In 3+ Trivalent metals

[0079] A n- :OH - 、F - , Cl - Br - 、NO3 - 、CO3 2- ,

[0080] SO4 2- 、Fe(CN)6 3- 、CH3COO - , oxalate ion, salicylate ion and other n-valent anions

[0081] x:0 <x≦0.33

[0082] (2)Acid clay

[0083] (3) Polymer binder

[0084] The polymer binder can improve the fracture strength and other mechanical properties when the gunpowder is made into a desired molded body. As the polymer binder, specifically, metal salts of carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, nitrocellulose, guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polysaccharide derivatives such as starch, stearates, fluororubber, SBS rubber and other organic binders can be exemplified. These polymer binders can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0085] (B) An AI agent containing the following components in respective composition ratios: (a) 3 to 25 (weight %) of 5-aminotetrazole, (b) 5 to 30 (weight %) of boron, (c) 50 to 85 (weight %) of potassium nitrate, and (d) 0.2 to 10 (weight %) of molybdenum trioxide, and having a calorific value of 4500 J / g or more.

[0086] Next, the activation operation of the safety valve 230 in this embodiment will be described.

[0087] Reference Figure 4 When the high-pressure tank is exposed to an abnormally high temperature above a predetermined temperature lower than the explosion temperature, the heat generated by the temperature reacts, the AI ​​agent 234B automatically ignites, and the ignition charge 234A burns, thereby starting the opening unit 234. The flame generated by the start of the opening unit 234 can open the opening parts 232A and 232B (by melting, cracking or breaking, etc., forming a hole at the bottom of each of the recessed parts 231B1 and the recessed part 231C1), and the discharge port 233 is connected to the recessed part 231C. By connecting the discharge port 233 and the recessed part 131C, the gas filled in the internal space of the tank body 210 is discharged to the external environment through the recessed part 131C, the hole formed at the bottom of the recessed part 231C1, the hole formed at the bottom of the recessed part 231C1, the recessed part 231B1, and the recessed part 231B1, and the flow path formed by the discharge port 233. In addition, a filter 238 can also be arranged in the discharge port 233 as needed. The filter 238 has the function of collecting the residues generated when the ignition powder 234A and the AI ​​agent 234B are burned, and taking away the heat of the generated gas to cool or extinguish the flame.

[0088] According to the above structure, the same effect as the first embodiment can be achieved. In addition, since an external power supply such as the power supply 40 is not required, the weight of the safety valve 230 can be reduced compared to the case of using the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment. In addition, even when the vehicle is parked, etc., when no current is supplied to the controller or the sensor, it is possible to detect (abnormality detection) a fire and start safely.

[0089] <Fourth Implementation Method>

[0090] Next, refer to Figure 5 The fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, since the high-pressure tank of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the description and illustration of the same parts will be omitted unless otherwise specified. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the last two digits of the symbols in this embodiment are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, the safety valve 330 is different from the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment mainly in that a power generation unit 350 is used as a current supply source to the igniter 334; a wiring 341 is provided for transmitting the current generated in the power generation unit 350; and a fixing component 336 is provided on the inner side of the power generation unit 350.

[0092] The power generation unit 350 includes an inner first metal layer 351, a middle semiconductor layer 352, and an outer second metal layer 353, and the semiconductor layer 352 is sandwiched between the first metal layer 351 and the second metal layer 353. In addition, the power generation unit 350 is formed by stacking two or more materials with different Seebeck coefficients in the semiconductor into layers, and any component that can generate current when exposed to abnormally high temperatures above a predetermined temperature can be used. In addition, the so-called Seebeck coefficient generally refers to the proportional coefficient of the temperature difference and the voltage that generates a voltage proportional to the temperature difference when a temperature difference occurs between the two ends of the metal and the semiconductor. Here, as examples of two combinations of semiconductors, n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors can be cited. In addition, when selecting two or more metals and semiconductors, materials with different Seebeck coefficients can be appropriately selected from the materials listed in the following two combinations of metals and the above two combinations of semiconductors. Examples of the combination of two metals include iridium and rhodium, platinum and rhodium, copper and constantan, iron and constantan, copper and iron, gold and platinum, nickel and molybdenum, tungsten and rhenium, gold and palladium, platinum and palladium, etc. In addition, the power generation section 350 may be composed of only one metal that obtains the Seebeck effect by being configured so that a temperature difference (temperature gradient) occurs between the outside and the inside when the outside becomes abnormally high temperature.

[0093] Next, the operation of the safety valve 330 in this embodiment will be described.

[0094] Reference Figure 5When the high-pressure tank is exposed to an abnormally high temperature above a predetermined temperature, current flows from the power generation section 350 to the igniter 334 via the wiring 341, and the igniter 334 is started. The flame generated by the start of the igniter 334 causes the openable portion 332 to open (by melting, cracking, or breaking to form a hole), and the internal space 331B and the concave portion 331C are connected. Through the internal space 331B and the concave portion 331C being connected, the gas filled in the tank body is discharged to the external environment via the flow path formed by the concave portion 331C, the internal space 331B, and the discharge port 333.

[0095] According to the above structure, the same effect as the first embodiment can be achieved. In addition, since an external power supply such as the power supply 40 is not required, the weight of the safety valve 330 can be reduced compared to the case of using the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment. In addition, even when the current is not supplied to the controller or the sensor when the vehicle is parked, it is possible to detect (abnormality detection) a fire and start safely.

[0096] <Fifth Implementation Method>

[0097] Next, refer to Figure 6 The fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, since the high-pressure tank of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the description and illustration of the same parts will be omitted unless otherwise specified. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the last two digits of the symbols in this embodiment are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0098] like Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 1 , the safety valve 430 is different from the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment mainly in that an opening unit 434 is used instead of an igniter.

[0099] The opening unit 434 has a plate-shaped base 434A having a piston function, a pin component 434C (protrusion), and an AI agent 434B. The plate-shaped base 434A is attached to the openable portion 432 side of the AI ​​agent 434B. The pin component 434C is fixed to the openable portion 432 side of the plate-shaped base 434A and is a component with a pointed tip.

[0100] Next, the operation of the safety valve 430 in this embodiment will be described.

[0101] Reference Figure 6When the high-pressure tank is exposed to an abnormally high temperature above a predetermined temperature lower than the burst temperature, the heat generated by the temperature reacts and the AI ​​agent 434B automatically ignites. Due to the pressure wave (including static pressure and dynamic pressure) generated by the automatic ignition of the AI ​​agent 434B, the plate-shaped base 434A moves toward the openable portion 432, and the openable portion 432 is opened by the pin component 434C (a hole is formed by cracking or breaking, etc.), and the internal space 431B is connected to the hole 431C. Through the communication between the internal space 431B and the concave portion 431C, the gas filled in the tank body is discharged to the external environment through the flow path formed by the concave portion 431C, the internal space 431B, and the exhaust port 433.

[0102] According to the above structure, the same effect as the first embodiment can be achieved. In addition, since an external power supply such as the power supply 40 is not required, the weight of the safety valve 430 can be reduced compared with the case of using the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment. In addition, even when the vehicle is parked, etc., when no current is supplied to the controller or the sensor, it is possible to detect (abnormality detection) a fire and start safely.

[0103] <Sixth Implementation Method>

[0104] Next, refer to Figure 7 The sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, since the high-pressure tank of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the description and illustration of the same parts will be omitted unless otherwise specified. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the last two digits of the symbols in this embodiment are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0105] like Figure 7 As shown, the safety valve 530 is different from the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment mainly in that a fixed member 536 having a cylinder portion 536a is used and a piston member 539 (moving body) disposed in the cylinder portion 536a is used.

[0106] Next, the activation of the safety valve 530 in this embodiment will be described.

[0107] Reference Figure 7When the high-pressure tank is exposed to an abnormally high temperature above a predetermined temperature, the temperature is detected by a temperature sensor (not shown), and based on this, according to a command from the above-mentioned control unit, an electric current flows from a power source (not shown) to the igniter 534 via the wiring 541, and the igniter 534 is started. Due to the pressure wave (including static pressure and dynamic pressure) generated by the start of the igniter 534, the piston member 539 slides toward the openable portion 532 side inside the cylinder portion 536a. Then, because of the front end portion of the piston member 539, the openable portion 532 is opened (the hole portion 532a is formed by cracking or breaking), and the internal space 531B is connected to the recessed portion 531C (refer to Figure 7 (b)) Since the internal space 531B and the recessed hole 531C are connected, the gas filled in the tank body is discharged to the external environment through the flow path formed by the recessed hole 531C, the internal space 531B, and the discharge port 533.

[0108] According to the above configuration, it is possible to achieve the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment.

[0109] <Seventh Implementation Method>

[0110] Next, refer to Figure 8 The seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, since the high-pressure tank of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the description and illustration of the same parts will be omitted unless otherwise specified. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the last two digits of the symbols in this embodiment are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0111] like Figure 8 As shown in the initial state of FIG. 6A , the safety valve 630 is different from the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment mainly in that the openable portion 632 as the bottom of the closed recessed portion 631C is opened by using the plane ( Figure 8 (a) lower side) and the sealing member 650 are closed; the piston member 639 (moving body) is set to slide in the internal space 631B due to the pressure wave (including static pressure and dynamic pressure) when the igniter 634 is started. Figure 8 As shown in (a), the piston member 639 is pushed to the sealing member 650 side by the bolt member 660 screwed into the through hole 651, and becomes a state that can fully seal the high-pressure gas. The internal space 631B and the concave hole 631C are not connected in the initial state. In addition, a discharge port 633 connected to the outside is formed inside the bolt member 660. Figure 8 In the state shown in (b), the internal space 631B and the outside are connected via the discharge port 633.

[0112] Next, the operation of the safety valve 630 in this embodiment will be described.

[0113] Reference Figure 8 When the high-pressure tank is exposed to an abnormally high temperature above a predetermined temperature, the temperature is detected by a temperature sensor (not shown), and based on this, according to a command from the above-mentioned control unit, an electric current flows from a power source (not shown) to the igniter 634 via the wiring 641, and the igniter 634 is started. Due to the pressure wave (including static pressure and dynamic pressure) generated by the start of the igniter 634, the piston member 639 slides in the internal space 631B toward the side opposite to the igniter 634. As a result, the openable portion 632 formed by the piston member 639 and the sealing member 650 is opened, and the internal space 631B is connected to the recessed portion 631C (refer to Figure 8 (b)) Since the internal space 631B and the recessed hole 631C are connected, the gas filled in the tank body is discharged to the external environment through the flow path formed by the recessed hole 631C, the internal space 631B, and the discharge port 633.

[0114] According to the above configuration, it is possible to achieve the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment.

[0115] <Eighth Implementation Method>

[0116] Next, refer to Fig. 9 The eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, since the high-pressure tank of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the description and illustration of the same parts will be omitted unless otherwise specified. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the last two digits of the symbols in this embodiment are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0117] like Fig. 9 As shown, the safety valve 730 is different from the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment mainly in that: a power generation unit 750 is used as a current supply source to the igniter 734; a wiring 741 is provided for transmitting the current generated in the power generation unit 750; a fixing component 736 is provided in a part of the power generation unit 750 to support the igniter 734; and an internal space 731B is formed by a main body 731 and a cover 737.

[0118] The power generation unit 750 includes a first semiconductor 752A, a second semiconductor 752B, and conductive members 754, 755A, and 755B. For example, the first semiconductor 752A is an n-type semiconductor, and the second semiconductor 752B is a p-type semiconductor.

[0119] One end (outer end) of the first semiconductor 752A and one end (outer end) of the second semiconductor 752B are electrically connected via the conductive member 754. In addition, the other end of the first semiconductor 752A is electrically connected to one terminal pin 735 via the conductive member 755A and the wiring 741 on one side. In addition, the other end of the second semiconductor 752B is electrically connected to the other terminal pin 735 via the conductive member 755B and the wiring 741 on the other side. The conductive members 755A and 755B are fixed to the inner wall of the main body 731 by an adhesive such as resin in a state of being electrically insulated from the main body 731.

[0120] The internal space 731B is formed by surrounding a main body 731 having a concave portion in the center and a cover 737 provided to close the concave portion. In addition, the main body 731 and the cover 737 also function as a protection portion for protecting the other end side (the igniter 734 side) of the first semiconductor 752A and the second semiconductor 752B from external heat.

[0121] In addition, the first semiconductor 752A and the second semiconductor 752B of the power generation section 750 are respectively provided through the through holes 737a and 737b provided in the cover section 737. Although not shown, the through holes 737a and 737b are sealed by the first semiconductor 752A and the second semiconductor 752B and resin, etc., so that gas does not leak. In addition, the first semiconductor 752A and the second semiconductor 752B are electrically insulated from the through holes 737a and 737b.

[0122] The igniter 734 is supported by a fixing member 736 fixed to the igniter 734 side of the conductive members 755A and 755B.

[0123] Next, the operation of the safety valve 730 in this embodiment will be described.

[0124] Reference Fig. 9 When the high-pressure tank is exposed to an abnormally high temperature above a predetermined temperature, a temperature difference is generated between the outer portion of the first semiconductor 752A and the second semiconductor 752B and the inner space 731B side portion of the first semiconductor 752A and the second semiconductor 752B. Due to the Seebeck effect, current flows from the power generation section 750 to the igniter 734 via the wiring 741, and the igniter 734 is started. Due to the flame generated by the start of the igniter 734, the openable portion 732 is opened (by melting, cracking or breaking to form a hole), and the gas filled in the tank body is discharged to the external environment via the flow path formed by the inner space 731B and the exhaust port 733. In addition, as needed, a filter circuit using a transistor protection circuit or a diode can be connected between the wiring 741 and the igniter 734 to cut off the current below a certain current value. In this way, it is possible to prevent erroneous starting under unintentional conditions.

[0125] According to the above structure, the same effect as the first embodiment can be achieved. In addition, since an external power supply such as the power supply 40 is not required, the weight of the safety valve 730 can be reduced compared with the case of using the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment. In addition, even when the current is not supplied to the controller or the sensor when the vehicle is parked, it is possible to detect (abnormality detection) a fire and start safely.

[0126] <Ninth Implementation Method>

[0127] Next, refer to Fig.10 The ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, since the high-pressure tank of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the description and illustration of the same parts will be omitted unless otherwise specified. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the last two digits of the symbols in this embodiment are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0128] like Fig.10 As shown, the safety valve 830 is different from the safety valve 730 of the eighth embodiment mainly in that a power generation unit 850 provided separately from the main body 831 is used as a current supply source for the igniter 834. In addition, the safety valve 830 is different from the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment in that the power generation unit 850 is used instead of the power source 40 (battery, etc.) of the first embodiment.

[0129] The power generation unit 850 includes a first semiconductor 852A, a second semiconductor 852B, conductive members 854, 855A, 855B, and a box-shaped protection unit 837. The protection unit 837 is a member for protecting from external heat and is formed of the same material as the main body 831 or a heat-resistant material.

[0130] One end (outer end) of the first semiconductor 852A and one end (outer end) of the second semiconductor 852B are electrically connected via a conductive member 854. In addition, the other end of the first semiconductor 852A is electrically connected to one terminal pin 835 via a conductive member 855A and a wiring 841 on one side. In addition, the other end of the second semiconductor 852B is electrically connected to the other terminal pin 835 via a conductive member 855B and a wiring 841 on the other side. The conductive members 855A and 855B are fixed to the inner wall of the protective portion 837 by an adhesive such as a resin.

[0131] In addition, the first semiconductor 852A and the second semiconductor 852B of the power generation section 850 are respectively provided through the through holes 837a and 837b provided on the upper side of the protection section 837. In addition, although not shown, the through holes 837a and 837b are sealed by the first semiconductor 852A, the second semiconductor 852B, and a resin, etc. In addition, the first semiconductor 852A, the second semiconductor 852B and the through holes 837a and 837b are electrically insulated.

[0132] Next, the operation of the safety valve 830 in this embodiment will be described.

[0133] Reference Fig.10 When the power generation section 850 is exposed to an abnormally high temperature above a predetermined temperature, a temperature difference is generated between the outer portion of the first semiconductor 852A and the second semiconductor 852B and the inner space 837A side portion of the first semiconductor 852A and the second semiconductor 852B, and due to the Seebeck effect, current flows from the power generation section 850 to the igniter 834 via the wiring 841, and the igniter 834 is started. Due to the flame generated by the start of the igniter 834, the openable portion 832 is opened (by melting, cracking or breaking to form a hole), and the gas filled in the tank body is discharged to the external environment via the flow path formed by the inner space 831B and the exhaust port 833. In addition, as needed, a filter circuit using a transistor protection circuit or a diode or the like can be connected between the wiring 841 and the igniter 834 to cut off the current below a certain current value. In this way, it is possible to prevent erroneous starting under unintentional conditions.

[0134] According to the above structure, the same effects as those of the first and eighth embodiments can be achieved. In addition, since an external power supply such as the power supply 40 is not required, the safety valve 830 can be made lighter than the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment. In addition, even when no current is supplied to the controller or the sensor, such as when the vehicle is parked, a fire can be detected (abnormality detection) and the vehicle can be started safely.

[0135] <10th Implementation Method>

[0136] Next, refer to Fig.11 The tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, since the high-pressure tank of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the description and illustration of the same parts will be omitted unless otherwise specified. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the last two digits of the symbols in this embodiment are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0137] like Fig.11As shown, the safety valve 930 is different from the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment mainly in that: a power generation unit 950 is used as a current supply source to the igniter 934; a wiring 941 is provided for transmitting the current generated in the power generation unit 950; and a fixing component 936 is provided on the internal space 931B side of the power generation unit 950.

[0138] The power generation part 950 is made of the same metal, and includes a first part 951 provided on the outside, a second part 952 provided on the inside so as to face the first part 951, and a connection part 953 that electrically connects the end of the first part 951 and the end of the second part 952. In addition, the second part 952 has a protrusion 952A on the inner space 931B side, and the power generation part 950 is a heat sink.

[0139] The internal space 931B is surrounded by the main body 931 having a concave portion at the center and the power generation portion 950 provided to close the concave portion. The main body 931 and the power generation portion 950 also function as a protection portion for protecting the second portion 952 from external heat.

[0140] Next, the operation of the safety valve 930 in this embodiment will be described.

[0141] Reference Fig.11 When the high-pressure tank is exposed to an abnormally high temperature above a predetermined temperature, a temperature difference is generated between the first part 951 and the second part 952. Due to the Seebeck effect, current flows from the power generation part 950 to the igniter 934 via the wiring 941, and the igniter 934 starts. Due to the flame generated by the start of the igniter 934, the openable part 932 is opened (a hole is formed by melting, cracking or breaking), and the gas filled in the tank body is discharged to the external environment via the flow path formed by the internal space 931B and the exhaust port 933. In addition, as needed, a filter circuit using a transistor protection circuit or a diode can be connected between the wiring 941 and the igniter 934 to cut off the current below a certain current value. In this way, it is possible to prevent erroneous starting under unintentional conditions.

[0142] According to the above structure, the same effect as the first embodiment can be achieved. In addition, since an external power supply such as the power supply 40 is not required, the weight of the safety valve 930 can be reduced compared to the case of using the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment. In addition, even when the vehicle is parked, etc., when no current is supplied to the controller or the sensor, it is possible to detect (abnormality detection) a fire and start safely.

[0143] <11th Implementation Method>

[0144] Next, refer to Fig.12The 11th embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, since the high-pressure tank of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the description and illustration of the same parts will be omitted unless otherwise specified. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the last two digits of the symbols in this embodiment are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0145] like Fig.11 As shown, the safety valve 1030 is different from the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment mainly in that: the power generation unit 1050 is used as the current supply source to the igniter 1034; a wiring 1041 is provided for transmitting the current generated in the power generation unit 1050; and a fixing member 936 is provided on the inner space 1031B side of the power generation unit 1050. Fig.11 As shown, the safety valve 1030 differs from the safety valve 930 of the tenth embodiment mainly in that a power generation portion 850 having a portion (a first portion 1051 described later) separated from the main body portion 1031 is used as a current supply source for the igniter 1034 .

[0146] The power generation part 1050 is made of the same metal and includes a first part 1051, a second part 1052, and a connection part 1053. The first part 1051 is provided separately from the main body 1031, and the second part 1052 is electrically connected to the first part 1051 via the connection part 1053. In addition, the second part 1052 has a protrusion 1052A on the outside, and the power generation part 1050 is a heat sink. In addition, the protrusion 1052A may also be provided on the inside of the main body 1031.

[0147] Internal space 1031B is surrounded by body 1031 having a recess at the center and second portion 1052 of power generation portion 1050 provided to close the recess. Fixing member 1036 is provided on the igniter 1034 side of second portion 1052 to support igniter 1034.

[0148] Next, the operation of the safety valve 1030 in this embodiment will be described.

[0149] Reference Fig.12When the first part 1051 is exposed to an abnormally high temperature above a predetermined temperature, a temperature difference is generated between the first part 1051 and the second part 1052, and due to the Seebeck effect, current flows from the power generation part 1050 to the igniter 1034 via the wiring 1041, and the igniter 1034 starts. Due to the flame generated by the start of the igniter 1034, the openable part 1032 is opened (by melting, cracking or breaking to form a hole), and the gas filled in the tank body is discharged to the external environment through the flow path formed by the internal space 1031B and the exhaust port 1033. In addition, as needed, a filter circuit using a transistor protection circuit or a diode can be connected between the wiring 1041 and the igniter 1034 to cut off the current below a certain current value. In this way, it is possible to prevent erroneous starting under unintentional conditions.

[0150] According to the above structure, the same effect as the first embodiment can be achieved. In addition, since an external power supply such as the power supply 40 is not required, the weight of the safety valve 1030 can be reduced compared to the case of using the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment. In addition, even when the vehicle is parked, etc., when no current is supplied to the controller or the sensor, it is possible to detect (abnormality detection) a fire and start safely.

[0151] <12th Implementation Method>

[0152] Next, refer to Fig.13 The twelfth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, since the high-pressure tank of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the description and illustration of the same parts will be omitted unless otherwise specified. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the last two digits of the symbols in this embodiment are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0153] The vehicle 1100 includes a vehicle body 1101 and a high-pressure tank 1102 mounted at the center of the lower portion of the vehicle body 1101. The high-pressure tank 1102 includes a tank body 1103. Although not shown, the tank body 1103 is provided with a plurality of safety valves similar to the safety valve 830 shown in the ninth embodiment or the safety valve 1030 shown in the eleventh embodiment.

[0154] The safety valve includes an igniter (not shown), power generation units 1150A, 1150B, and wirings 1141A, 1141B. The power generation unit 1150A is provided at the front portion of the lower portion of the vehicle body 1101, and the power generation unit 1150B is provided at the rear portion of the lower portion of the vehicle body 1101. In addition, similar to the case of the safety valve 830 or the safety valve 1030, the power generation units 1150A, 1150B are electrically connected to the igniter via wirings 1141A, 1141B. That is, the power generation units 1150A, 1150B are provided separately from the main body of the safety valve.

[0155] Next, the operation of the safety valve in this embodiment will be described.

[0156] Reference Fig.13 When the power generation section 1150A or the power generation section 1150B is exposed to an abnormally high temperature higher than a predetermined temperature, a temperature difference is generated between the first section 1051 and the second section 1052, and due to the Seebeck effect, a current flows from the power generation section 1050 to the igniter 1034 via the wiring 1041, and the igniter 1034 is started. Due to the flame generated by the start of the igniter 1034, the openable section 1032 is opened (a hole is formed by melting, cracking or breaking), and the gas filled in the tank body is discharged to the external environment through the flow path formed by the internal space 1031B and the exhaust port 1033.

[0157] According to the above structure, the same effect as the first embodiment can be achieved. In addition, since an external power supply such as the power supply 40 is not required, the weight of the safety valve 1030 can be reduced compared to the case of using the safety valve 30 of the first embodiment. In addition, even when the vehicle is parked, etc., when no current is supplied to the controller or the sensor, it is possible to detect (abnormality detection) a fire and start safely.

[0158] Furthermore, in addition to power generation units 1150A and 1150B, another power generation unit similar to power generation units 1150A and 1150B may be provided at any location of the vehicle body, and the other power generation unit may be electrically connected to the igniter via wiring.

[0159] The above has been described the embodiments of the present invention, but only specific examples are illustrated, and the present invention is not particularly limited. The specific structure, etc. can be appropriately designed and changed. In addition, the effects and effects recorded in the embodiments of the present invention are only the most preferred effects and effects produced by the present invention, and the effects and effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects and effects recorded in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0160] For example, if the gas discharged from the discharge port of the safety valve in each embodiment is a flammable gas, it is preferably discharged toward the ground side. Therefore, a pipe or the like that restricts the discharge direction of the gas discharged from the safety valve to the ground side may be appropriately provided at the discharge port. However, if the gas is not particularly flammable, the discharge port may be provided to face an appropriate direction within a range that does not affect the human body or the like.

[0161] In addition, the second member 231b and the third member 231c in the third embodiment may be formed of a material that is soluble when the peripheral temperature of the high-pressure tank becomes high (abnormally high) due to an external fire or the like (for example, an alloy of metals composed of two or more of lead, tin, bismuth, indium, and antimony). Thus, when a fire occurs externally and heat is conducted, the second member 231b and the third member 231c become fragile, and when the safety valve 230 is activated, the openable portions 232A and 232B are easily opened (cracked or broken). In this case, the openable portions 232A and 232B can be opened with a smaller amount of ignition charge 234A than in the case of the third embodiment.

[0162] In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the safety valve is activated at abnormally high temperature, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The activation of each safety valve may be based on a command signal from an ECU (electronic control unit) issued when a sensor or the like detects an abnormality. For example, when a sensor or the like detects a collision, each safety valve may also be activated according to a command signal output by the ECU.

[0163] In addition, regarding the shape of the power generation part that generates electricity by the Seebeck effect in the above-mentioned embodiments and modified examples (especially the shape of the power generation part formed of a single metal), various shapes such as layered, plate-like, rod-like, linear, and combinations of these shapes can be adopted.

[0164] In the tenth and eleventh embodiments, the power generation section is formed of one metal, but the invention is not limited thereto. For example, the power generation section may be formed of metals having different Seebeck coefficients in the first and second sections.

[0165] In addition, the various parts of the above-mentioned embodiment and modified examples may be appropriately combined as needed.

[0166] Description of Reference Numerals

[0167] 10, 110, 210, 1103 tank body

[0168] 10a Space

[0169] 11, 12, 112, 212 opening

[0170] 20 valve

[0171] 21 Supply port

[0172] 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530, 630, 730, 830, 930, 1030 Safety valve 31, 131, 231, 331, 431, 531, 631, 731, 831, 931, 1031 Main body 31A, 131A, 231A, 331A, 431A, 531A, 631A, 731A, 831A, 931A, 1031A External threaded portion

[0173] 31B, 131B, 331B, 431B, 531B, 631B, 731B, 831B, 837A, 931B, 1031B internal space

[0174] 31C, 131C, 231C, 331C, 431C, 531C, 631C, 931C, 1031C concave portion 32, 132, 232A, 232B, 332, 432, 532, 632, 732, 832, 932, 1032 openable portion

[0175] 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633, 733, 833, 933, 1033 outlet

[0176] 34, 134, 334, 534, 634, 734, 834, 934, 1034 Ignition

[0177] 35, 135, 335, 535, 635, 735, 835, 935, 1035 terminal pins

[0178] 36, 136, 336, 536, 736, 836, 936, 1036 fixed parts

[0179] 40 Power Supply

[0180] 41, 141, 341, 541, 641, 741, 841, 941, 1041, 1141A, 1141B wiring

[0181] 234B, 434B AI

[0182] 100, 1102 High-pressure tank

[0183] 132a, 532a hole

[0184] 137, 237, 650 sealing parts

[0185] 231B1, 231B2, 231C1, 231C2 concave part

[0186] 231a Part 1

[0187] 231b Part 2

[0188] 231c Part 3

[0189] 234, 434 open units

[0190] 234A Ignition powder

[0191] 238 Filters

[0192] 350, 750, 850, 950, 1050, 1150A, 1150B Power generation unit

[0193] 351 1st Metal Layer

[0194] 352 Semiconductor layer

[0195] 353 2nd Metal Layer

[0196] 434A Plate base

[0197] 434C Pin Assembly

[0198] 536a Cylinder

[0199] 539, 639 piston parts

[0200] 651, 737a, 737b, 837a, 837b through hole

[0201] 737 cover

[0202] 752A, 852A No.1 Semiconductor

[0203] 752B, 852B 2nd Semiconductor

[0204] 754, 755A, 755B, 855A, 855B Conductive parts

[0205] 837 Protection Department

[0206] 951, 1051 Part 1

[0207] 952, 1052 Part 2

[0208] 953, 1053 connection

[0209] 1100 Vehicles

[0210] 1101 Carbody

Claims

1. A safety valve for a high-pressure tank, which can be connected to an opening of a tank body filled with a fluid, characterized in that: have: a main body having a discharge port in contact with an external environment and a flow path capable of communicating the opening and the external environment via the discharge port; A valve is provided at any position of the flow path, which normally closes the flow path and opens the flow path when the temperature is abnormally high or an abnormality is detected. The total opening area of ​​the discharge port is 0.008 to 5.5 (mm 2 ).

2. The safety valve for a high pressure tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve has an openable portion that is opened by driving an opening unit provided in the flow path. The opening unit is provided on the downstream side of the openable portion in the flow path, and opens the openable portion using energy obtained by ignition of explosive as a driving source.

3. The safety valve for a high pressure tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opening unit is an igniter that starts the gunpowder by passing current through it. The openable portion includes: a cylinder, which is arranged in a direction intersecting the flow path; and a piston component, which is arranged to be able to slide in the cylinder, close the flow path in an initial state, and when the igniter is started, slide and open the flow path by utilizing the pressure wave obtained by ignition of the igniter.

4. The safety valve for a high pressure tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The openable portion is a plate-shaped member that closes the flow path. The plate-like member is melted, fractured or cracked by the energy obtained by ignition of the explosive.

5. The safety valve for a high pressure tank according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The opening unit further includes an automatic ignition agent that automatically ignites at a predetermined temperature lower than an ignition temperature of the gunpowder to ignite the gunpowder.

6. The safety valve for a high pressure tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The openable portion is formed of a metal that is soluble at the abnormally high temperature.

7. The safety valve for a high pressure tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: have: a power generation unit that generates electricity using the Seebeck effect when a temperature difference occurs at a predetermined position; A wiring electrically connects an igniter that is activated by flowing an electric current through the explosive and the power generation unit.

8. The safety valve for a high pressure tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power generation unit is formed by stacking two or more materials having different Seebeck coefficients among metals and semiconductors in a layered manner. One side of the stack of the power generation parts is protected from heat by a protection part so as to generate a temperature gradient in the stacking direction of the power generation parts at the abnormally high temperature.

9. The safety valve for a high pressure tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power generation unit is formed by electrically connecting one end of a first semiconductor and one end of a second semiconductor having a Seebeck coefficient different from that of the first semiconductor in series. A protection portion is provided, wherein the protection portion protects the other end side of the first semiconductor and the second semiconductor from heat, so that a temperature gradient is generated between the one end side and the other end side of the first semiconductor and the second semiconductor at the abnormally high temperature. The other end sides of the first semiconductor and the second semiconductor are electrically connected to the igniter through the wiring.

10. The safety valve for a high pressure tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power generation portion is formed of a metal and is configured to generate a temperature gradient between a portion and a portion different from the portion at the abnormally high temperature.

11. The safety valve for a high pressure tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power generation unit includes at least a first metal member and a second metal member having a Seebeck coefficient different from that of the first metal member, and one end of the first metal member is electrically connected to one end of the second metal member. The other end sides of the first metal member and the second metal member are electrically connected to the igniter via the wiring, and are arranged so as to generate a temperature gradient between both ends.

12. The safety valve for a high pressure tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opening unit has a moving body having a protruding portion that emits a pressure wave generated by igniting the gunpowder toward the openable portion. At the time of starting, the openable portion is broken or ruptured by the protruding portion of the moving body to be opened.

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