Turning tool interface of turning and milling center main shaft

Abstract

A turning tool connector of a turning center spindle is characterized in that a key and a key groove are respectively arranged on a turning tool handle and an end cover of a milling spindle, one side of the key, which does not bear cutting force, is made into an inclined plane with an inclination angle B, one side of the key groove, which does not bear the cutting force, is provided with a guide groove with a large inside and a small outside, a wedge-shaped sliding block slides in the guide groove, and a spring pushes the wedge-shaped sliding block outwards; a limiting screw prevents the wedge-shaped sliding block from being disengaged, and the wedge-shaped sliding block is also provided with an inclined face with the inclination angle being B. When the turning tool handle is inserted into the main shaft, the inclined plane of the key is contacted with the inclined plane of the wedge-shaped sliding block, the spring is compressed, the elastic force of the spring is amplified by the inclined plane of the wedge-shaped sliding block to become the counter-acting force pressed to the inclined plane of the key, the counter-acting force pushes the key and eliminates the gap between the key and the key groove, the main shaft tensions the tool handle in the state, and it is ensured that the tool is installed every time. The coordinates of the tool nose of the turning tool are not changed, the machining precision is improved, an expensive main shaft with three fluted discs for hydraulic locking is not needed, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal cutting machine tools, and in particular to a main shaft of a turning and milling center and a clamping and positioning method of a tool used therefor. Background Art

[0002] The existing turning and milling center spindle needs to be able to install rotating tools for milling and drilling, and also to install turning tools for turning. In order to simplify the structure by using the same tool holder and the same tool change mechanism, a three-toothed disc clutch and a hydraulic structure are often added to the spindle to lock the spindle when the turning tool is installed, such as patent WO2016 / 037111A1. According to the patent, when the three-toothed disc hydraulic lock is turned on, the rigidity and positioning accuracy of the spindle are unquestionable. However, there is a loophole in the patent, that is, there is a large gap between the keyway of the HSK tool holder and the key of the spindle. This gap is required by the tool change system. According to the German DIN69863 standard, for the HSK-B63 tool holder, the maximum allowable gap is 0.13mm. This gap will cause the coordinates of the turning tool tip to be inconsistent each time the tool is installed. In addition, when the turning tool is subjected to cutting force, the tool tip will move, which leads to a decrease in turning accuracy. Patent CN204711245 U proposes to fix a flat key on the spindle end cover and set a keyway on one side of the turning tool handle. When the turning tool handle is installed on the spindle, the flat key of the spindle end cover is inserted into the keyway of the handle, which plays the role of positioning the turning tool handle and bearing the cutting force, and avoids the complication of the spindle. However, there is also a gap between the key and the keyway of the patent, which will also cause the coordinates of the turning tool tip to be inconsistent each time the tool is installed. In addition, when the turning tool is subjected to cutting force, the tool tip will move, which leads to a decrease in turning accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the turning accuracy is reduced due to the gap between the key of the turning tool handle and the keyway of the spindle end cover.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention designs the following technical solutions:

[0005] The tool interface of the turning and milling center spindle includes a tool seat, which is fixed on the tool handle. A key is set on the plane of the tool seat facing the spindle. A boss is set on the end cover of the milling spindle at a position opposite to the key. A keyway is made in the middle of the boss. The two sides of the keyway, surface C and surface D, are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the spindle end cover. Surface D of the keyway corresponds to surface A of the key. Surface A of the key is parallel to the axis of the tool handle. Surface B of the key is an inclined plane. The angle between surface A and surface B is B, which is smaller than the friction angle between the key and the keyway material. A guide groove with a larger inner side and a smaller outer side is made on the surface C of the keyway. A wedge-shaped slider matches the guide groove. The wedge-shaped slider is provided with a blind hole on the back, and a spring in the blind hole pushes the wedge-shaped slider outward. The wedge-shaped slider has a limit groove on the side, and a limit screw limits the internal and external travel of the wedge-shaped slider. The wedge-shaped slider is provided with an inclined surface on the outside, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is B. When the tool holder is inserted into the spindle, the key side contacts the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped slider and compresses the wedge-shaped slider. The elastic force of the compressed spring is amplified by the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped slider to form a reaction force on the key side. The reaction force pushes the key, so that the key side fits the keyway side, and is maintained in this state to achieve full tension of the spindle on the tool holder. The gap between the key and the keyway is effectively eliminated, ensuring the tool installation accuracy and the ability to resist turning impact. Even if the turning tool is impacted by the reverse torque, the wedge-shaped slider will self-lock and will not move and generate a gap because the angle B is smaller than the friction angle of the key and keyway materials.

[0006] The present invention also has three alternative solutions, all of which can achieve the same purpose:

[0007] Alternative solution 1: the D surface is perpendicular to the spindle end cover, the C surface is an inclined surface, and the angle between it and the D surface is B. The B surface is parallel to the A surface and to the axis of the tool holder. The B surface is provided with a guide groove, and the wedge-shaped slider can slide in the guide groove. The wedge-shaped slider contains the spring to push the wedge-shaped slider outward, and the limit screw limits the inward and outward travel of the wedge-shaped slider. The outside of the wedge-shaped slider is provided with the inclined surface, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is also B.

[0008] Alternative solution two, the key is arranged on the spindle end cover, the boss with the keyway is arranged on the tool seat, the surface A is perpendicular to the spindle end cover, the angle B between the surface A and the surface C is parallel to the surface D and the axis of the tool holder, the surface C is provided with a guide groove, the wedge-shaped slider can slide in the guide groove, the wedge-shaped slider has the spring inside to push the wedge-shaped slider outward, the limit screw limits the inward and outward travel of the wedge-shaped slider, the outside of the wedge-shaped slider is provided with the inclined surface, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is also.

[0009] Alternative solution three, the key is arranged on the spindle end cover, the boss with the keyway is arranged on the tool seat, the surface A is perpendicular to the spindle end cover, the surface B is parallel to the surface A, the surface D is parallel to the axis of the tool holder, the angle between the surface C and the surface D is B, the surface B is formed with a guide groove, the wedge-shaped slider can slide in the guide groove, the wedge-shaped slider has the spring inside to push the wedge-shaped slider outward, the limit screw limits the inward and outward travel of the wedge-shaped slider, the wedge-shaped slider is formed with the inclined surface on the outside, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is also B.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. Ensure that the coordinates of the tool tip remain unchanged each time the tool is installed, which can significantly improve the accuracy of turning processing;

[0012] 2. It is not necessary to use expensive milling spindle with three-toothed disc hydraulic locking mechanism, which reduces costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more specifically and intuitively illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0014] Figure 1 This is the axonometric view of the tool interface of the turning and milling center spindle;

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the tool installation process for the turning tool interface of the turning and milling center spindle;

[0016] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of three alternative solutions for the tool interface of the spindle of the turning and milling center.

[0017] Reference Numbers

[0018] 1 tool holder, 2 tool handle, 3 key, 4 spindle end cover, 5 D surface, 6 C surface, 7 keyway, 8 A surface, 9 B surface, 10 wedge-shaped slider, 11 spring, 12 limit groove, 13 limit screw, 15 inclined surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments.

[0020] Reference Figure 1The tool interface of the turning center spindle includes a tool seat 1, which is fixed on the tool handle 2. A key 3 is set on the plane of the tool seat 2 facing the spindle. A boss is set on the end cover 4 of the milling spindle at a position opposite to the key 3. A keyway 7 is made in the middle of the boss. The two sides of the keyway, the C surface 6 and the D surface 5, are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the spindle end cover 4. The D surface 5 of the keyway corresponds to the A surface 8 of the key 3. The A surface 8 of the key 3 is parallel to the axis of the tool handle. The B surface 9 of the key 3 is an inclined plane. The angle between the A and B surfaces is B, which is smaller than the friction angle of the key and keyway materials; a guide groove with a larger inner side and a smaller outer side is formed on the C surface 6 of the keyway, and a wedge-shaped slider 10 is consistent with the shape of the guide groove and can slide in it. The inner surface of the wedge-shaped slider 10 is provided with a blind hole, and a spring 11 is provided in the blind hole to push the wedge-shaped slider 10 outward. The side of the wedge-shaped slider 10 is provided with a limit groove 12, and the limit screw 13 limits the inner and outer stroke of the wedge-shaped slider 10. The outer surface of the wedge-shaped slider 10 is provided with an inclined surface 15, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is also B. When the tool handle 2 is inserted into the spindle, the second surface 9 of the key 3 contacts the inclined surface 15 of the wedge-shaped slider 10 and compresses the wedge-shaped slider 10. The elastic force of the compressed spring 11 is amplified by the inclined surface 15 of the wedge-shaped slider 10 to form a reaction force on the second surface 9 of the key 3. The reaction force pushes the key 3, so that the first surface 8 of the key 3 fits with the keyway third surface 6, and maintains this state to achieve the complete tightening of the spindle on the tool handle. The gap between the key 3 and the keyway 7 is effectively eliminated, ensuring the tool installation accuracy and the ability to resist turning impact. Even if the turning tool is impacted by a reverse torque, since the angle B is smaller than the friction angle between the key and the keyway material, the wedge-shaped slider 10 will be self-locked and will not move and generate a gap.

[0021] Figure 2 The process of loading the tool interface of the turning and milling center spindle is described. A is the beginning of the tool holder insertion, and there is still a gap between the key and the keyway;

[0022] B is when the key of the tool handle begins to compress the wedge-shaped slider, and the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped slider begins to push the key downward; C is when the tool handle is about to be tightened, and the bottom of the key and the top of the keyway remain in contact.

[0023] Figure 3 Three other variations of the present invention are described, all of which achieve the same purpose.

[0024] Alternative solution 1, the D surface 5 is perpendicular to the spindle end cover 4, the C surface 6 is an inclined surface, and the angle between it and the D surface 5 is B, the B surface 9 is parallel to the A surface 8 and to the axis of the tool holder, and a guide groove is formed on the B surface 9, and the wedge-shaped slider 10 can slide in the guide groove. The wedge-shaped slider 10 has the spring 11 inside to push the wedge-shaped slider 10 outward, and the limit screw 13 limits the inward and outward travel of the wedge-shaped slider 10. The outside of the wedge-shaped slider 10 is formed with the inclined surface 15, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is also B.

[0025] Alternative solution two, the key 3 is arranged on the spindle end cover 4, the boss with the keyway is arranged on the tool holder 1, the surface A 8 is perpendicular to the spindle end cover 4, the surface B 9 has an angle B with the surface A 8, the surface C 6 is parallel to the surface D 5 and to the axis of the tool holder, the surface C 6 is provided with a guide groove, the wedge-shaped slider 10 can slide in the guide groove, the wedge-shaped slider 10 has the spring 11 inside, pushing the wedge-shaped slider 10 outward, the limit screw 13 limits the inward and outward travel of the wedge-shaped slider 10, the wedge-shaped slider 10 is provided with the inclined surface 15 on the outside, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is also B.

[0026] Alternative solution three, the key 3 is arranged on the spindle end cover 4, the boss with the keyway is arranged on the tool holder 1, the surface A 8 is perpendicular to the spindle end cover 4, the surface B 9 is parallel to the surface A 8, the surface D 5 is parallel to the axis of the tool holder, the angle between the surface C 6 and the surface D is B, the surface B 9 is formed with a guide groove, the wedge-shaped slider 10 can slide in the guide groove, the wedge-shaped slider 10 has the spring 11 inside to push the wedge-shaped slider 10 outward, the limit screw 13 limits the internal and external travel of the wedge-shaped slider 10, and the wedge-shaped slider 10 is formed with the inclined surface 15 on the outside, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is also B.

Claims

1. The tool interface of the turning and milling center spindle comprises a tool seat (1), the tool seat (1) is fixed on the tool handle (2), a key (3) is arranged on the plane of the tool seat (2) facing the spindle, a boss is arranged on the end cover (4) of the milling spindle, facing the key (3), a keyway (7) is made in the middle of the boss, the two walls of the keyway, the C surface (6) and the D surface (5) are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the spindle end cover (4), the D surface (5) of the keyway corresponds to the A surface (8) of the key (3), and the characteristics are as follows: The A surface (8) of the key (3) is parallel to the axis of the tool handle, the B surface (9) of the key (3) is an inclined surface, and the angle between the A surface and the B surface is B, which is smaller than the friction angle between the key and the keyway material; A guide groove with a larger inner side and a smaller outer side is formed on the keyway C surface (6), and a wedge-shaped slider (10) is formed in a shape that matches the guide groove and can slide in the guide groove. A blind hole is formed on the inner surface of the wedge-shaped slider (10), and a spring (11) is provided in the blind hole to push the wedge-shaped slider (10) outward. An inclined surface (15) is formed on the outside of the wedge-shaped slider (10), and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is also B. When the tool handle (2) is inserted into the spindle, the B surface (9) of the key (3) and the wedge-shaped slider (10) are aligned. The inclined surface (15) contacts and compresses the wedge-shaped slider (10), and the elastic force of the compressed spring (11) is amplified by the inclined surface (15) of the wedge-shaped slider (10), forming a reaction force on the second surface (9) of the key (3). The reaction force pushes the key (3), so that the first surface (8) of the key (3) fits with the third surface (6) of the keyway, and maintains this state to achieve complete tightening of the spindle on the tool handle, effectively eliminating the gap between the key (3) and the keyway (7).

2. The tool interface of the turning and milling center spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The D surface (5) is perpendicular to the spindle end cover (4), the C surface (6) is an inclined surface, and the angle between it and the D surface (5) is B. The B surface (9) is parallel to the A surface (8) and parallel to the axis of the tool handle. The B surface (9) is provided with a guide groove, and the wedge-shaped slider (10) can slide therein. The wedge-shaped slider (10) has the spring (11) inside to push the wedge-shaped slider (10) outward. The outside of the wedge-shaped slider (10) is provided with the inclined surface (15), and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is also B.

3. The tool interface of the turning and milling center spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The key (3) is arranged on the spindle end cover (4), the boss with the keyway is arranged on the tool holder (1), the surface A (8) is perpendicular to the spindle end cover (4), the surface B (9) forms an angle B with the surface A (8), the surface C (6) is parallel to the surface D (5) and to the axis of the tool holder, the surface C (6) is provided with a guide groove, the wedge-shaped slider (10) can slide therein, the wedge-shaped slider (10) has the spring (11) inside, pushing the wedge-shaped slider (10) outward, the wedge-shaped slider (10) is provided with the inclined surface (15) on the outside, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is also B.

4. The tool interface of the turning and milling center spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The key (3) is arranged on the spindle end cover (4), the boss with the keyway is arranged on the tool holder (1), the surface A (8) is perpendicular to the spindle end cover (4), the surface B (9) is parallel to the surface A (8), the surface D (5) is parallel to the axis of the tool holder, the angle between the surface C (6) and the surface D is B, the surface B (9) is provided with a guide groove, the wedge-shaped slider (10) can slide therein, the wedge-shaped slider (10) has the spring (11) inside to push the wedge-shaped slider (10) outward, the wedge-shaped slider (10) is provided with the inclined surface (15) on the outside, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is also B.

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