Spiral groove grinding wheel of asymmetric trapezoidal turbulent flow structure and preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a spiral groove grinding wheel of an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulent flow structure and a preparation method, the spiral groove grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel body, a spiral groove is formed in the grinding surface of the grinding wheel body, and the section of the spiral groove is rectangular; a turbulent flow structure is arranged in the spiral groove, the cross section of the turbulent flow structure is in an asymmetric trapezoid shape, and the bottom edge of the turbulent flow structure is in an arc shape and completely attached to the bottom face of the spiral groove. The turbulent flow structures are distributed at equal intervals in the spiral groove by taking the spiral groove as a guide; the asymmetric trapezoidal turbulent flow structure is additionally arranged on the surface of the spiral groove grinding wheel, the flow characteristic of grinding fluid can be improved, the absorption effect of the grinding fluid on the surface of the grinding wheel is improved, the effective flow of a grinding arc area in the grinding process is increased, and then grinding heat exchange is further enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grinding wheel structure improvement, and in particular to a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Grinding is a common metal processing method, which realizes the grinding of the workpiece surface based on the interaction between the grinding wheel and the workpiece. However, a large amount of grinding heat will be generated during the grinding process, which will lead to a decrease in the surface quality of the workpiece, and may cause problems such as workpiece deformation and thermal cracks, and even damage to the workpiece surface. Since the heat capacity of ordinary grinding wheels is small, they cannot absorb and store a large amount of heat, and the smooth surface structure of ordinary grinding wheels makes it difficult to form a heat exchange channel, and the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid is low. When the grinding wheel generates a large amount of heat during high-speed friction grinding, the heat cannot be dissipated quickly, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the grinding wheel and the workpiece, and the ordinary grinding wheel can only transfer the heat to the workpiece locally, but cannot evenly disperse the heat. This will cause uneven temperature distribution on the workpiece surface, thereby affecting the accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece and even thermal deformation and thermal damage.

[0003] In past studies, scholars have found that by making the surface of the grinding wheel present certain rules and structuring the surface of the grinding wheel, the heat exchange effect during the grinding process can be enhanced. In order to further enhance the grinding heat exchange, surface structured grinding wheels came into being. Among them, the spiral groove grinding wheel is a structured grinding wheel that has been widely studied and applied. The grooves of this grinding wheel are spiral in shape, which effectively improves the heat exchange efficiency during the grinding process by increasing the surface area of ​​the grinding wheel and changing the flow path of the grinding fluid. However, the spiral groove grinding wheel has certain limitations in increasing the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid. It still relies on the groove structure of the grinding wheel surface to naturally absorb the grinding fluid into the grinding arc area, and this absorption effect is not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure and a preparation method. By adding an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure on the surface of the spiral groove grinding wheel, the flow characteristics of the grinding fluid can be improved, the absorption effect of the grinding fluid on the grinding wheel surface can be improved, and the effective flow rate in the grinding arc zone during the grinding process can be increased, thereby achieving further enhancement of grinding heat exchange.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure is provided, characterized in that it comprises a grinding wheel body, a grinding surface of the grinding wheel body is provided with a spiral groove, and the cross-sectional shape of the spiral groove is a rectangle;

[0007] A spoiler structure is arranged in the spiral groove. The cross-sectional shape of the spoiler structure is an asymmetric trapezoid. The bottom edge of the spoiler structure is arc-shaped and completely fits the bottom surface of the spiral groove. The spoiler structure is evenly distributed in the spiral groove with the spiral groove as the guide.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the height of the spoiler structure matches the height of the spiral groove, and the width of the spoiler structure matches the width of the spiral groove.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the height of the spoiler structure is smaller than the height of the spiral groove, and the width of the spoiler structure is smaller than the width of the spiral groove.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the asymmetric trapezoid is a right-angled trapezoid, the length of the lower base of the right-angled trapezoid is greater than the length of the upper base, wherein the lower bottom surface is arc-shaped and completely fits the bottom surface of the spiral groove.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inclined surface of the spoiler structure acts as the windward surface to push the air, and the right-angled surface acts as the leeward surface. When the grinding wheel rotates at high speed, the air flow rate is less than the grinding wheel rotation speed, thereby generating a pressure difference, that is, generating negative pressure, thereby producing a suction effect on the grinding fluid.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the starting position and the ending position of the spiral groove are symmetrical in the thickness direction of the grinding wheel body.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the depth and width of the spiral groove are the same.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the spoiler structure and the groove are formed by laser removal based on an ordinary grinding wheel, and the spoiler structure and the grinding wheel are an integrated structure.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the grinding surface of the grinding wheel body contacts the surface of the workpiece to be ground, and a grinding fluid nozzle is provided at the front side of the grinding wheel body to spray the grinding fluid.

[0016] In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure is provided, comprising:

[0017] Determine the depth, width and pitch of the groove, and then determine the size, number and spacing of the spoiler structure, and form the spoiler structure and grooves by laser removal on the grinding surface of an ordinary grinding wheel;

[0018] Among them, the structural parameters of the groove and the spoiler structure are based on the principle of facilitating grinding wheel processing requirements. The number of spiral rotations is small. While the spoiler structure plays a corresponding role, the spoiler structure is close to the groove width and depth dimensions, which is easy for grinding wheel molding.

[0019] One or more technical solutions of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The present invention can increase the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid, thereby enhancing the cooling and chip removal effects: the negative pressure entrainment effect unique to the grooved grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure is due to the negative pressure phenomenon gradually generated at the gap between the grinding wheel and the workpiece when the clockwise rotation speed of the grinding wheel is significantly higher than the air speed it follows, so that the leeward side of the spoiler structure "sucks" the grinding fluid into the grinding arc area, and the windward side "pushes" the grinding fluid into the grinding arc area, thereby forming a "negative pressure entrainment effect" to "actively" suck the grinding fluid into the grinding arc area, increasing the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid. The coolant can enter the grinding area better, which helps to reduce the grinding temperature and reduce thermal deformation, cracking, and other thermal damage. In addition, the spiral grooves also help to remove chips and avoid grinding wheel blockage, and the design of the spoiler structure can make the grinding fluid produce turbulence, further enhancing the transfer and diffusion of heat, reducing heat concentration and friction during the grinding process, and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the grinding process.

[0021] (2) The present invention can improve the surface quality of the workpiece and realize various grinding processes: the design of the spiral groove can better guide the movement of the grinding wheel and improve the grinding accuracy. Due to the guiding effect of the spiral groove, the grinding wheel is more stable during the grinding process. At the same time, the contact area between the workpiece and the grinding wheel is reduced to reduce the grinding force. In addition, the spoiler structure can timely guide the large amount of grinding heat generated during the grinding process to reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece and improve the surface quality of the workpiece. At the same time, by further adjusting the shape, angle, height and other parameters of the spoiler structure, various grinding processes can be realized, such as rough grinding, fine grinding, super fine grinding, etc., to meet different processing requirements.

[0022] (3) The present invention can reduce the noise and vibration of the grinding wheel during operation: the asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure spiral groove grinding wheel reduces the contact area between the workpiece and the grinding wheel while utilizing the spoiler structure to ensure grinding efficiency, which can effectively reduce the friction and vibration between the grinding wheel and the workpiece and reduce the generation of noise. Compared with the traditional flat grinding wheel, the asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure spiral groove grinding wheel generates less noise when rotating at high speed, which is more beneficial to the hearing health of the operator.

[0023] (4) The present invention can extend the service life of the grinding wheel: the spoiler structure at the bottom of the groove enables the grinding fluid to remove the grinding chips in time in the grinding arc area due to the high turbulent kinetic energy heat exchange channel flow field driven by the spoiler structure, which can reduce the wear and chip accumulation of the grinding wheel and extend the service life of the grinding wheel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A top view of the spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure according to the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 3 A top view of the spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure according to the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Grinding wheel body; 2. Spiral groove; 3. Turbulence structure; 4. Workpiece to be ground; 5. Grinding fluid nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Research on further enhancing the grinding heat transfer effect has always been one of the key issues in the grinding process. During the grinding process, the heat generated by grinding is mainly carried away by air, grinding chips, grinding fluid, grinding wheel and workpiece surface. The intense friction between the grinding wheel and the workpiece surface generates a lot of energy, which is released in the form of heat. However, due to the narrow contact area between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, the heat transfer efficiency is low, and the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid is limited, resulting in poor heat transfer effect, which often leads to a decrease in the surface quality of the ground workpiece. Therefore, how to increase the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid between the grinding wheel and the workpiece and further increase the heat transfer efficiency has become the focus of research.

[0034] In view of the above problems, in a typical embodiment of the present invention, a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure is proposed, comprising a grinding wheel body 1, a spiral groove 2 is arranged on the grinding surface of the grinding wheel body 1, and the cross-sectional shape of the spiral groove 2 is rectangular;

[0035] A spoiler structure 3 is arranged in the spiral groove 2. The cross-sectional shape of the spoiler structure 3 is an asymmetric trapezoid. The bottom edge of the spoiler structure is arc-shaped and completely fits the bottom surface of the spiral groove. The spoiler structure is evenly distributed in the spiral groove with the spiral groove as the guide.

[0036] The spiral groove grinding wheel with asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure provided in this embodiment first opens a spiral groove on the surface of an ordinary grinding wheel guided by a spiral line. To further consider the characteristics of the spoiler structure, the cross-sectional shape of the spiral groove is rectangular, and its groove width is slightly wider than that of the spoiler structure, and the groove depth is also slightly higher than that of the spoiler structure. The appearance of the spiral groove makes it easier for the grinding fluid to enter the grinding heat exchange channel, increases the effective flow rate, improves the heat exchange capacity during the grinding process, and also has certain benefits for improving the chip removal capacity and reducing the grinding force during the grinding process. However, for the surface structured grinding wheel with only spiral grooves, the grinding fluid is in a powerless state after entering the heat exchange channel, and can only "take things as they come" as the grinding wheel rotates, and the increase in the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid is limited.

[0037] The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure proposed in this embodiment can improve the heat exchange effect during the grinding process by designing an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure on the surface of the spiral groove grinding wheel. The spiral grooves of the spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure change the flow path of the grinding fluid. The characteristics of the asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure can drive the air to generate negative pressure between the grinding arc areas when the grinding wheel rotates at high speed, so that the windward side and the leeward side of the spoiler structure respectively push and attract the grinding fluid, increase the contact area between the grinding fluid and the grinding wheel, and at the same time, the design of the asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure can make the grinding fluid produce turbulence, further enhance the transfer and diffusion of heat, thereby improving the grinding heat exchange effect.

[0038] In order to improve the grinding heat exchange capacity, this embodiment proposes to further arrange a spoiler structure on the groove surface of the spiral groove grinding wheel. In particular, when the grinding wheel is in a high-speed rotation state, the addition of the spoiler structure enables the grinding fluid to have a kinetic force in the heat exchange channel to form a high-speed turbulence effect, thereby exerting the cooling effect of the grinding fluid to a greater extent and increasing the heat distribution ratio of the grinding fluid during the grinding process. The spoiler structure is also guided by the spiral line and evenly distributed on the spiral groove surface. Its cross-sectional shape is set to an asymmetric trapezoid to achieve the "negative pressure entrainment effect". The negative pressure is generated by the high-speed rotating grinding wheel driving the air in the gap between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, resulting in a pressure difference with the grinding wedge area. The asymmetric trapezoidal design of the spoiler structure further exerts the "pushing" effect of the windward side of the spoiler structure on the grinding fluid, and the "suction" effect of the leeward side, further enhancing the ability of the "negative pressure entrainment effect", so that the workpiece temperature during the grinding process is effectively controlled, the grinding accuracy is increased while the grinding efficiency is improved, the chips and grinding dust in the cutting area are effectively washed away to avoid their accumulation on the grinding wheel and workpiece surface, the fluctuation of the grinding force is reduced, and the stability and quality of the grinding are improved.

[0039] The structural properties of the spiral groove have certain settings, wherein the spiral line structural parameters mainly include: the starting point position of the spiral line, the spiral line pitch and the number of rotations; the groove parameters include the groove cross-sectional shape, groove width and groove depth. Preferably, the starting position and the end position of the spiral groove are symmetrical in the thickness direction of the grinding wheel body.

[0040] In this embodiment, the characteristics of the asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure mainly include: structure height, structure width, length of the upper bottom side of the structure and length of the lower bottom side of the structure (the length of the lower bottom side of the structure is a parameter when the spoiler structure is designed separately, and the lower bottom side of the spoiler structure in the overall design of the grinding wheel is arc-shaped and completely fits in the spiral groove). At the same time, the cross-sectional hypotenuse of the asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure at the contact position between the grinding wheel and the workpiece should be on the left side of the main viewing direction. The outer diameter and inner diameter of the grinding wheel are consistent with those of an ordinary grinding wheel. Preferably, the asymmetric trapezoid is a right-angled trapezoid, and the length of the lower bottom side of the right-angled trapezoid is greater than the length of the upper bottom side, wherein the lower bottom surface is arc-shaped and completely fits in the bottom surface of the spiral groove.

[0041] Furthermore, the height of the spoiler structure matches the height of the spiral groove, and the width of the spoiler structure matches the width of the spiral groove. Specifically, the height of the spoiler structure is slightly smaller than the height of the spiral groove, and the width of the spoiler structure is slightly smaller than the width of the spiral groove, so that there is a certain gap between the spoiler structure and the groove surface. In this way, in actual grinding, the grinding fluid can be distributed between the two sides of the spoiler structure, further improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0042] In this embodiment, the spoiler structure and the groove are formed by laser removal based on an ordinary grinding wheel, and the spoiler structure and the grinding wheel are an integrated structure.

[0043] In a specific implementation of this embodiment, the specific dimensions of the spiral groove and the spoiler structure are: the pitch of the spiral groove is 16.5mm, the number of rotations is 2, the groove width is 5mm, and the groove depth is 5mm. The spoiler structure is an asymmetric trapezoid, the height of the spoiler structure is 4mm, the width is 4mm, the upper bottom length is 6mm, and the lower bottom length is 18mm. The spoiler structures are equidistantly distributed in the groove, the angle between adjacent spoiler structures is 7.2°, and the distance between two adjacent structures is 0.126 radians.

[0044] like Figure 6As shown, when in use, the grinding surface of the grinding wheel body contacts the surface of the workpiece 4 to be ground, and a grinding fluid nozzle 5 is arranged on the front side of the grinding wheel body to spray the grinding fluid. In actual grinding of the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel generally rotates clockwise, so that the inclined surface of the spoiler structure acts as the windward surface to push the air. At the same time, due to the design of the inclined surface, the pushing effect on the air is weak, so the airflow field generated during the actual grinding of the grinding wheel has a smaller hindering effect. The right-angle surface acts as the leeward surface. When the grinding wheel rotates at high speed, the air flow rate is much smaller than the grinding wheel speed, thereby generating a pressure difference, that is, generating a negative pressure, thereby generating a suction effect on the grinding fluid.

[0045] The asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure uses its unique geometric spoiler structure to generate structural advantages to form a "negative pressure entrainment effect" and actively attract the grinding fluid to the grinding arc area. This structure further improves the effective flow rate in the grinding arc area during the grinding process by changing the flow path and flow velocity distribution of the grinding fluid, thereby achieving a further enhanced heat exchange effect. By adding an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure to the surface of the spiral groove grinding wheel, the flow characteristics of the grinding fluid can be improved, the absorption effect of the grinding fluid on the grinding wheel surface can be improved, and the effective flow rate in the grinding arc area during the grinding process can be increased, thereby achieving further enhanced grinding heat exchange. The research on this technology is of great significance for improving the heat exchange efficiency in the grinding process, improving the surface quality of the workpiece, and reducing thermal damage in the grinding process. At the same time, it provides new ideas and methods for thermal management in the grinding process, and is expected to be widely used in industrial production.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure is provided, comprising:

[0048] Determine the depth, width and pitch of the groove, and then determine the size, number and spacing of the spoiler structure, and form the spoiler structure and grooves by laser removal on the grinding surface of an ordinary grinding wheel;

[0049] Among them, the structural parameters of the groove and the spoiler structure are based on the principle of facilitating grinding wheel processing requirements. The number of spiral rotations is small. While the spoiler structure plays a corresponding role, the spoiler structure is close to the groove width and depth dimensions, which is easy for grinding wheel molding.

[0050] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure, characterized in that: It comprises a grinding wheel body, a grinding surface of which is provided with a spiral groove, and the cross-sectional shape of the spiral groove is a rectangle; A spoiler structure is arranged in the spiral groove. The cross-sectional shape of the spoiler structure is an asymmetric trapezoid. The bottom edge of the spoiler structure is arc-shaped and completely fits the bottom surface of the spiral groove. The spoiler structure is evenly distributed in the spiral groove with the spiral groove as the guide.

2. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the spoiler structure matches the height of the spiral groove, and the width of the spoiler structure matches the width of the spiral groove.

3. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the spoiler structure is smaller than the height of the spiral groove, and the width of the spoiler structure is smaller than the width of the spiral groove.

4. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The asymmetric trapezoid is a right-angled trapezoid, the length of the lower base of the right-angled trapezoid is greater than the length of the upper base, wherein the lower bottom surface is arc-shaped and completely fits the bottom surface of the spiral groove.

5. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The inclined surface of the spoiler structure acts as the windward surface to push the air, and the right-angled surface acts as the leeward surface. When the grinding wheel rotates at high speed, the air flow rate is lower than the grinding wheel speed, thereby generating a pressure difference, that is, generating negative pressure, thereby generating a suction effect on the grinding fluid.

6. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The starting position and the end position of the spiral groove are symmetrical in the thickness direction of the grinding wheel body.

7. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth and width of the spiral groove are the same.

8. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoiler structure and the groove are formed by laser removal based on an ordinary grinding wheel, and the spoiler structure and the grinding wheel are an integrated structure.

9. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding surface of the grinding wheel body contacts the surface of the workpiece to be ground, and a grinding fluid nozzle is arranged at the front side of the grinding wheel body to spray grinding fluid.

10. A method for preparing a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal spoiler structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Determine the depth, width and pitch of the groove, and then determine the size, number and spacing of the spoiler structure, and form the spoiler structure and grooves by laser removal on the grinding surface of an ordinary grinding wheel; Among them, the structural parameters of the groove and the spoiler structure are based on the principle of facilitating grinding wheel processing requirements. The number of spiral rotations is small. While the spoiler structure plays a corresponding role, the spoiler structure is close to the groove width and depth dimensions, which is easy for grinding wheel molding.

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