Methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system for inland ship and operation control method of methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system

Abstract

The invention discloses an inland ship methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system and an operation control method thereof, belongs to the technical field of hybrid power propulsion, and solves the problem that hydrogen fuel and a methanol engine are difficult to apply to medium and large ships. The immersed pump is installed in the methanol storage tank and is responsible for conveying methanol to the evaporator and the methanol engine. The evaporator generates methanol steam to be supplied to the reactor, and the steam generator provides steam. Hydrogen-rich synthesis steam generated by the reactor enters a separator, and water vapor and hydrogen-rich synthesis gas are separated out. The hydrogen-rich synthesis gas is treated by the buffer tank and the purifier and is respectively conveyed to the methanol engine and the hydrogen fuel cell. Waste gas generated by the methanol engine and the hydrogen fuel cell is exhausted to the atmosphere, the methanol engine drives the generator through the transmission shaft, and electric energy generated by the generator and the hydrogen fuel cell is merged into a ship power grid after passing through the AC / DC converter. Efficient energy utilization and high reliability of an inland ship power system are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hybrid propulsion, and in particular to a methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system suitable for inland river ships to produce hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis. Background Art

[0002] Methanol, as a low-carbon, easily synthesized fuel, is one of the best ways to achieve deep carbon emission reduction in the shipping sector. However, methanol has a large latent heat of vaporization and a slow combustion rate. Spark-ignition methanol engines have incomplete combustion, resulting in reduced engine thermal efficiency and increased unconventional emissions. At present, methanol engines are prone to combustion instability at low loads and are easily affected by knock at high loads.

[0003] Hydrogen fuel cells use high-purity hydrogen as fuel. The basic principle is the reverse reaction of water electrolysis. Hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to the anode and cathode respectively. After hydrogen diffuses outward through the anode and reacts with the electrolyte, it releases electrons through the external load to reach the cathode. Hydrogen fuel cells use electrochemical reactions to directly convert the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into chemical energy. In the energy conversion process, they are not limited by the theoretical Carnot cycle. They have the advantages of high thermal efficiency (up to 60% or more, and the combined heat and power capacity reaches 90%) and high energy density (up to 4kW / L). They have bright application prospects on ships. However, fuel cell thermal management is an extremely important point. Rapid reduction of circulating water in hydrogen fuel cells is an important part of thermal management.

[0004] Hydrogen has a fast combustion rate and low ignition energy. Blending it with methanol can effectively improve the combustion process of the methanol engine, reduce the generation of unconventional emissions, and improve the engine's power performance, economic performance, and emission performance. Hydrogen fuel cells have high thermal efficiency (up to 60% or more, and the combined heat and power capacity reaches 90%), but the power of a single hydrogen fuel cell stack is small (200-300kW), which greatly limits its application on medium and large ships. In addition, due to storage and transportation issues, the application of hydrogen on ships has been greatly limited. Therefore, how to realize the application of hydrogen and fuel cells on medium and large ships has always been an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system for inland river ships to produce hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis and a method for its operation control, which solves the problems of difficulty in storing and transporting hydrogen fuel on board, poor power performance of methanol engines, and difficulty in applying hydrogen fuel cells on medium and large ships.

[0006] A methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis on an inland ship, comprising a submersible pump, a methanol storage tank, an evaporator, a water vapor generator, a reactor, a separator, a buffer tank, a purifier, a methanol engine, a generator, a ship power grid, a hydrogen fuel cell and an AC / DC converter, wherein the submersible pump is arranged in the methanol storage tank, the outlet of the submersible pump is simultaneously connected to the fuel inlet of the evaporator and the methanol inlet of the methanol engine, the methanol vapor outlet of the evaporator is connected to the methanol vapor inlet of the reactor, the water vapor outlet of the water vapor generator is connected to the water vapor inlet of the reactor, the hydrogen-rich synthetic vapor outlet of the reactor is connected to the hydrogen-rich synthetic vapor inlet of the separator, and the separator is connected to the methanol storage tank. The water vapor outlet is connected to the methanol vapor inlet of the reactor, the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas outlet of the separator is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank, the outlet of the buffer tank is connected to the inlet of the purifier, the low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas outlet of the purifier is connected to the low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas inlet of the methanol engine, the low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas pipeline of the purifier is connected to the atmospheric environment through a valve, the high-purity hydrogen outlet of the purifier is connected to the high-purity hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell, the methanol engine and the hydrogen fuel cell are both connected to the atmospheric environment, the methanol engine is fixedly connected to the engine through a transmission shaft, the generator is electrically connected to the ship's power grid, the hydrogen fuel cell is electrically connected to the AC / DC converter, and the AC / DC converter is electrically connected to the ship's power grid.

[0007] Furthermore, the methanol engine includes an intake duct, a turbocharger, a gas common rail pipe, an engine cylinder and an exhaust pipe. A branch of the outlet of the submersible pump is connected to the inlet of the intake duct of the methanol engine, the intake duct introduces outside air through the turbocharger, and the outlet of the intake duct is connected to the inside of the engine cylinder, the low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas outlet of the purifier is connected to the inlet of the gas common rail pipe of the methanol engine, the outlet of the gas common rail pipe is connected to the inside of the engine cylinder, the outlet of the engine cylinder is connected to the inlet of the exhaust pipe, and the outlet of the exhaust pipe is connected to the turbocharger.

[0008] Furthermore, an exhaust gas heating pipeline is arranged inside the reactor, the outlet of the exhaust pipe is connected to the inlet of the exhaust gas heating pipeline through the turbine part of the turbocharger, and the outlet of the exhaust gas heating pipeline is connected to the atmospheric environment.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydrogen fuel cell includes a fuel cell positive electrode, a fuel cell negative electrode, a fuel cell exhaust gas outlet, a fuel cell air inlet, a fuel cell reaction water outlet and a fuel cell hydrogen inlet. The fuel cell positive electrode and the fuel cell negative electrode are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrode interfaces of the AC / DC converter respectively. The fuel cell air inlet is connected to the atmospheric environment. The fuel cell hydrogen inlet is connected to the high-purity hydrogen outlet of the purifier. The fuel cell exhaust gas outlet and the fuel cell reaction water outlet are both connected to the atmosphere.

[0010] Furthermore, the inland river vessel methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system also includes a cooling water storage tank, the hydrogen fuel cell also includes a fuel cell cooling system low-temperature water inlet and a fuel cell cooling system high-temperature water outlet, the fuel cell cooling system low-temperature water inlet and the fuel cell cooling system high-temperature water outlet are both arranged on the outer casing of the hydrogen fuel cell and are connected through a water circulation cavity inside the hydrogen fuel cell, a heat exchange pipeline is arranged inside the evaporator, the inlet of the heat exchange pipeline is connected to the high-temperature water outlet of the fuel cell cooling system, the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline is connected to the inlet of the cooling water storage tank, and the outlet of the cooling water storage tank is connected to the low-temperature water inlet of the fuel cell cooling system.

[0011] Furthermore, the inland vessel methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system also includes a first methanol stop valve and a second methanol stop valve, and the first methanol stop valve and the second methanol stop valve are respectively installed in two pipelines formed by connecting the outlet of the submersible pump with the air inlet and the fuel inlet of the evaporator.

[0012] Furthermore, the inland river vessel methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system also includes an automatic heating device, which is arranged in the reactor.

[0013] An operating method of a methanol engine and a fuel cell hybrid power system for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis on an inland river vessel is based on the above-mentioned methanol engine and a fuel cell hybrid power system for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis on an inland river vessel. Liquid methanol is arranged inside a methanol storage tank. A submersible pump pumps the liquid methanol inside the methanol storage tank into an evaporator. After the evaporator vaporizes the liquid methanol, the methanol vapor flows into a reactor. At the same time, the water vapor generated by a water vapor generator also flows into the reactor. The methanol vapor and the water vapor undergo a hydrolysis reaction in the reactor to generate hydrogen-rich synthesis steam containing water vapor. The hydrogen-rich synthesis steam flows into a separator to separate the water vapor from the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas. The water vapor flows back into the reactor to continue to participate in the hydrolysis reaction. The hydrogen-rich synthesis gas flows into a purifier through a buffer tank. The purifier purifies the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas into high-purity hydrogen and low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas. The high-purity hydrogen undergoes an electrochemical reaction in the hydrogen fuel cell via the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell and the air entering via the air inlet of the fuel cell to generate direct current to an AC / DC converter. The water and waste gas after the reaction flow out of the hydrogen fuel cell via the reaction water outlet of the fuel cell and the waste gas outlet of the fuel cell.

[0014] The low-hydrogen synthesis gas flowing out of the purifier is sprayed into the engine cylinder through the fuel gas common rail pipe by low-pressure injection. The submersible pump is connected to the methanol engine intake duct. Liquid methanol is sprayed through the intake duct, mixed with air to form a combustible mixture and enters the cylinder. It is mixed with the low-hydrogen synthesis gas and burned to do work. The exhaust gas after combustion enters the turbocharger through the exhaust pipe to do work. The high-temperature exhaust gas after work continues to enter the reactor to provide energy for the methanol hydrolysis reaction, and then enters the atmospheric environment. The automatic heating device assists in heating the inside of the reactor when the residual heat of the engine exhaust turbine is insufficient. The low-temperature water in the cooling water storage tank flows into the hydrogen fuel cell, circulates in the cavity inside the hydrogen fuel cell, absorbs the heat of the hydrogen fuel cell to dissipate it, and is converted into high-temperature water and flows out through the high-temperature water outlet of the fuel cell cooling system. The high-temperature water enters the heat exchange pipeline of the evaporator to release the heat to the methanol liquid for heat exchange. The low-temperature water after heat exchange circulates into the cooling water storage tank. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the fuel cell output direct current to the AC / DC converter, which is converted into alternating current and incorporated into the ship power grid. The methanol engine is connected to the generator through the transmission shaft to drive the generator to generate electricity, and the generator generates alternating current and enters the ship power grid.

[0015] A storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the operation control method of the above-mentioned methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system for inland ship methanol hydrolysis to produce hydrogen.

[0016] A computer device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor executes the program to implement the above-mentioned operation control method of a methanol engine and a fuel cell hybrid power system for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis for inland vessels.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention adopts a methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production system, which can produce hydrogen online according to real-time demand, solving the problem of difficulty in storing and transporting hydrogen on ships.

[0019] 2. The present invention can fully utilize the waste heat of methanol engine exhaust gas and the heat of high-temperature cooling water of fuel cell to heat the reactor and evaporator respectively. While improving the energy utilization rate, it realizes the rapid reduction of the cooling water temperature of the fuel cell and improves the cooling efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0020] 3. The present invention uses hydrogen in low-hydrogen synthesis gas to increase the combustion rate of methanol, improve the combustion instability of the methanol engine at low load, and uses carbon dioxide in low-hydrogen synthesis gas to inhibit the knock tendency of the methanol engine, reduce the knock intensity of the methanol engine at full load, and can further increase the upper limit of hydrogen blending of the methanol engine. The power performance, economic performance, and emission performance of the methanol engine after blending are better.

[0021] 4. The present invention makes comprehensive use of fuel cells and methanol engines, combining the advantages and disadvantages of the two. The fuel cell has a higher thermal efficiency (up to 60% or more, and the combined heat and power capacity reaches 90%), but the current largest fuel cell single stack power is 200-300kW, which cannot be used on medium and large ships, while the methanol engine has a large single unit power (can reach more than 2000kW), but the thermal efficiency is low (about 40%). The fuel cell-methanol engine power system proposed by the present invention can be used on medium and large inland ships, and can make the overall operation efficiency of the system higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis for inland vessels of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 The invention discloses an operation control method of a methanol engine and a fuel cell hybrid power system for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis on an inland vessel.

[0024] Among them, 1 is a submersible pump, 2 is a methanol storage tank, 3 is a first methanol stop valve, 4 is a second methanol stop valve, 5 is an evaporator, 6 is a water vapor generator, 7 is a reactor, 8 is an automatic heating device, 9 is a separator, 10 is a buffer tank, 11 is a purifier, 12 is an air intake, 13 is a turbocharger, 14 is a gas common rail pipe, 15 is an engine cylinder, 16 is an exhaust pipe 16, 17 is a generator, 18 is a ship power grid, 19 is a hydrogen fuel cell, 20 is an AC / DC converter, 21 is a fuel cell positive electrode, 22 is a fuel cell negative electrode, 23 is a fuel cell exhaust gas outlet, 24 is a fuel cell air inlet, 25 is a fuel cell reaction water outlet, 26 is a fuel cell cooling system low-temperature water inlet, 27 is a fuel cell hydrogen inlet, 28 is a fuel cell cooling system high-temperature water outlet, and 29 is a cooling water storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Reference Figure 1As shown, a methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis on an inland ship comprises a submersible pump 1, a methanol storage tank 2, an evaporator 5, a water vapor generator 6, a reactor 7, a separator 9, a buffer tank 10, a purifier 11, a methanol engine, a generator 17, a ship power grid 18, a hydrogen fuel cell 19 and an AC / DC converter 20. The submersible pump 1 is arranged in the methanol storage tank 2, and the outlet of the submersible pump 1 is simultaneously connected to the fuel inlet of the evaporator 5 and the methanol inlet of the methanol engine, the methanol vapor outlet of the evaporator 5 is connected to the methanol vapor inlet of the reactor 7, the water vapor outlet of the water vapor generator 6 is connected to the water vapor inlet of the reactor 7, the hydrogen-rich synthetic vapor outlet of the reactor 7 is connected to the hydrogen-rich synthetic vapor inlet of the separator 9, and the separator 9 The water vapor outlet of the separator 9 is connected to the methanol steam inlet of the reactor 7, the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas outlet of the separator 9 is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank 10, the outlet of the buffer tank 10 is connected to the inlet of the purifier 11, the low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas outlet of the purifier 11 is connected to the low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas inlet of the methanol engine, the low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas pipeline of the purifier 11 is connected to the atmospheric environment through a valve, the high-purity hydrogen outlet of the purifier 11 is connected to the high-purity hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 19, the methanol engine and the hydrogen fuel cell 19 are both connected to the atmospheric environment, the methanol engine is fixedly connected to the engine 17 through a transmission shaft, the generator 17 is electrically connected to the ship power grid 18, the hydrogen fuel cell 19 is electrically connected to the AC / DC converter 20, and the AC / DC converter 20 is electrically connected to the ship power grid 18.

[0027] Specifically, the system of the present invention adopts methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production technology, which can produce the required hydrogen online according to real-time demand, effectively solving the problem of difficulty in storing and transporting hydrogen on ships. By utilizing the waste heat of exhaust gas generated by the methanol engine and the heat of high-temperature cooling water generated by the fuel cell, the system can improve the energy utilization efficiency while heating the reactor 7 and the evaporator 5. And the system of the present invention performs heat exchange through the high-temperature cooling water output by the hydrogen fuel cell 19, realizing the rapid reduction of the cooling water temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell 19, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 19. In terms of the methanol engine, by blending low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas, the combustion rate of the methanol engine is improved, the combustion stability at low load is improved, and the carbon dioxide component therein is used to suppress the knock phenomenon at high load, thereby improving the power performance, economic performance and emission performance of the methanol engine. The present invention combines the advantages of fuel cells and methanol engines. The fuel cell has a high thermal efficiency (up to 60% or more, and the combined heat and power capacity reaches 90%), while the methanol engine has a large single-unit power (can exceed 2000kW). This hybrid configuration can be applied on medium and large ships, while improving the overall operating efficiency of the system. Methanol engines and hydrogen fuel cells can meet the heating needs of heat users under different conditions and have good environmental adaptability. By optimizing the combustion process and improving energy conversion efficiency, the system of the present invention helps to reduce pollutant emissions and improve the environmental performance of ships.

[0028] Furthermore, the methanol engine includes an intake duct 12, a turbocharger 13, a gas common rail pipe 14, an engine cylinder 15 and an exhaust pipe 16. A branch of the outlet of the submersible pump 1 is connected to the inlet of the intake duct 12 of the methanol engine. The intake duct 12 introduces external air through the turbocharger 13, and the outlet of the intake duct 12 is connected to the inside of the engine cylinder 15. The low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas outlet of the purifier 11 is connected to the inlet of the gas common rail pipe 14 of the methanol engine, the outlet of the gas common rail pipe 14 is connected to the inside of the engine cylinder 15, the outlet of the engine cylinder 15 is connected to the inlet of the exhaust pipe 16, and the outlet of the exhaust pipe 16 is connected to the turbocharger 13.

[0029] Specifically, the present invention achieves multi-faceted performance improvement and efficiency optimization through the detailed configuration of the methanol engine. Specifically, the present invention improves the intake efficiency and combustion conditions, and increases the intake volume and pressure through the turbocharger 13, thereby optimizing the combustion efficiency. At the same time, the introduction of the gas common rail pipe 14 ensures the uniform distribution of low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas in the engine cylinder 15, improving the combustion efficiency and the balance of power output. In addition, the precisely controlled injection system reduces harmful emissions and improves environmental performance. The design of the exhaust pipe 16 not only reduces heat energy loss, but also further improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system through the reuse of exhaust gas.

[0030] Furthermore, an exhaust gas heating pipeline is provided inside the reactor 7, the outlet of the exhaust pipe 16 is connected to the inlet of the exhaust gas heating pipeline through the turbine part of the turbocharger 13, and the outlet of the exhaust gas heating pipeline is connected to the atmospheric environment.

[0031] Specifically, the present invention realizes the effective recovery and utilization of waste heat energy by integrating the exhaust gas heating pipeline inside the reactor 7 and connecting it with the exhaust pipe 16 and the turbine part of the turbocharger 13, which not only improves the efficiency of heat energy utilization and promotes the methanol hydrolysis reaction, but also strengthens the thermal management inside the system and reduces the need for additional auxiliary heating equipment. At the same time, it also improves the working performance and response speed of the system at different ambient temperatures and enhances environmental adaptability.

[0032] Furthermore, the hydrogen fuel cell 19 includes a fuel cell positive electrode 21, a fuel cell negative electrode 22, a fuel cell exhaust gas outlet 23, a fuel cell air inlet 24, a fuel cell reaction water outlet 25 and a fuel cell hydrogen inlet 27. The fuel cell positive electrode 21 and the fuel cell negative electrode 22 are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrode interfaces of the AC / DC converter 20, respectively. The fuel cell air inlet 24 is connected to the atmospheric environment. The fuel cell hydrogen inlet 27 is connected to the high-purity hydrogen outlet of the purifier 11. The fuel cell exhaust gas outlet 23 and the fuel cell reaction water outlet 25 are both connected to the atmosphere.

[0033] Specifically, the careful design of the hydrogen fuel cell 19 in the present invention achieves efficient energy conversion and environmentally friendly emissions. The electrical connection between the fuel cell positive electrode 21 and the fuel cell negative electrode 22 and the AC / DC converter 20 ensures that the DC power generated by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen is efficiently converted and transmitted to the ship's power grid. At the same time, the hydrogen inlet 27 is connected to the high-purity hydrogen outlet of the purifier 11 to ensure the pure supply of hydrogen fuel, and the opening of the air inlet 24 ensures a continuous supply of oxygen. The setting of the fuel cell exhaust outlet 23 and the reaction water outlet 25 allows the exhaust gas and water to be discharged into the atmosphere safely and environmentally friendly.

[0034] Furthermore, the inland river vessel methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system also includes a cooling water storage tank 29, and the hydrogen fuel cell 19 also includes a fuel cell cooling system low-temperature water inlet 26 and a fuel cell cooling system high-temperature water outlet 28, the fuel cell cooling system low-temperature water inlet 26 and the fuel cell cooling system high-temperature water outlet 28 are both arranged on the outer casing of the hydrogen fuel cell 19, and are connected through the water circulation cavity inside the hydrogen fuel cell 19, and a heat exchange pipeline is arranged inside the evaporator 5, the inlet of the heat exchange pipeline is connected to the fuel cell cooling system high-temperature water outlet 28, the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline is connected to the inlet of the cooling water storage tank 29, and the outlet of the cooling water storage tank 29 is connected to the low-temperature water inlet 26 of the fuel cell cooling system.

[0035] Specifically, the present invention realizes effective management of the heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 19, prevents overheating, and ensures the stable operation of the battery by setting the low-temperature water inlet 26 and the high-temperature water outlet 28 of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell 19. The cooling water tank 29 and the fuel cell cooling system form a closed loop. The high-temperature water is extracted from the hydrogen fuel cell 19 and passes through the heat exchange pipeline in the evaporator 5 to transfer the heat to the methanol, thereby realizing the reuse of thermal energy. The design of the heat exchange pipeline enables the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 19 to be utilized to heat the methanol, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency of the entire system. After losing heat, the high-temperature water re-enters the hydrogen fuel cell 19 through the cooling water tank 29 to form a cycle, and utilizes the physical and chemical characteristics of the large latent heat of vaporization of methanol to realize rapid cooling of the fuel cell cooling book, which is more conducive to the thermal management of the fuel cell, and realizes the multi-stage utilization of heat, reduces energy loss, and improves the energy utilization efficiency of the entire system.

[0036] Furthermore, the inland vessel methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system also includes a first methanol stop valve 3 and a second methanol stop valve 4, and the first methanol stop valve 3 and the second methanol stop valve 4 are respectively installed in two pipelines formed by connecting the outlet of the submersible pump 1 with the air inlet 12 and the fuel inlet of the evaporator 5.

[0037] Specifically, in the methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system for inland ship methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production, the first methanol stop valve 3 and the second methanol stop valve 4 are added. The two stop valves are respectively installed on the pipeline between the outlet of the submersible pump 1 and the fuel inlet of the air inlet 12 and the evaporator 5, providing precise control of the flow of methanol, thereby enhancing the operational flexibility and safety of the system. In an emergency, they can quickly cut off the methanol supply, prevent leakage, and ensure the safe operation of the system. At the same time, the independently controlled stop valves facilitate system maintenance and overhaul, improve maintenance efficiency and reduce costs. In addition, by adjusting the stop valves, the system can quickly respond to changes in methanol supply demand and maintain operational stability and reliability.

[0038] Furthermore, the inland river vessel methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system also includes an automatic heating device 8, which is arranged in the reactor 7.

[0039] Specifically, the automatic heating device 8 is located inside the reactor 7. It enhances the system's ability to be self-sufficient in thermal energy at various ambient temperatures, ensuring the efficiency and speed of the methanol hydrolysis reaction. When the waste heat of the exhaust gas is insufficient, the automatic heating device 8 can replenish heat in time to ensure the continuity and stability of the reaction. At the same time, it improves the system's adaptability to different climatic conditions, optimizes the internal utilization and distribution of energy, improves the level of automation control, avoids unnecessary waste of energy, and thus improves the overall energy efficiency and reliability of the system, ensuring that the ship's power system can operate efficiently and stably under a variety of operating conditions.

[0040] An operation control method of an inland river ship methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system, based on the above-mentioned inland river ship methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system, the principle is: liquid methanol is arranged inside the methanol storage tank 2, the submersible pump 1 pumps the liquid methanol inside the methanol storage tank 2 into the evaporator 5, the evaporator 5 vaporizes the liquid methanol, the methanol vapor flows into the reactor 7, and the water vapor generated by the water vapor generator 6 also flows into the reactor 7, the methanol vapor and the water vapor undergo a hydrolysis reaction in the reactor 7 to generate hydrogen-rich synthetic steam containing water vapor, and the hydrogen-rich synthetic steam is heated to 100 % by the water vapor generator 6. The synthesis steam flows into the separator 9 to separate the water vapor from the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas, and the water vapor flows back into the reactor 7 to continue to participate in the hydrolysis reaction. The hydrogen-rich synthesis gas flows into the purifier 11 through the buffer tank 10. The purifier 11 purifies the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas into high-purity hydrogen and low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas. The high-purity hydrogen undergoes an electrochemical reaction in the hydrogen fuel cell 19 via the fuel cell hydrogen inlet 27 and the air entering via the fuel cell air inlet 24 to generate direct current to the AC / DC converter 20. The water and exhaust gas after the reaction flow out of the hydrogen fuel cell 19 via the fuel cell reaction water outlet 25 and the fuel cell exhaust outlet 23.

[0041] The low-hydrogen synthesis gas flowing out of the purifier 11 is sprayed into the engine cylinder 15 through the fuel gas common rail pipe 14 by low-pressure injection. The submersible pump 1 is connected to the methanol engine intake duct 12. Liquid methanol is sprayed through the intake duct 12 and mixed with air to form a combustible mixture that enters the cylinder 15 and is mixed with the low-hydrogen synthesis gas to burn and do work. The exhaust gas after combustion enters the turbocharger 13 through the exhaust pipe 16 to do work. The high-temperature exhaust gas after work continues to enter the reactor 7 to provide energy for the methanol hydrolysis reaction and then enters the atmospheric environment. The automatic heating device 8 assists in heating the inside of the reactor 7 when the residual heat of the engine exhaust turbine is insufficient. The low-temperature water in the cooling water tank 29 flows into the hydrogen fuel In the battery 19, it circulates in the cavity inside the hydrogen fuel cell 19, absorbs the heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 19 to dissipate the heat, and is converted into high-temperature water and flows out through the high-temperature water outlet 28 of the fuel cell cooling system. The high-temperature water enters the heat exchange pipeline of the evaporator 5 to release the heat to the methanol liquid to exchange heat. The low-temperature water after heat exchange circulates into the cooling water storage tank 29. The fuel cell positive electrode 21 and the fuel cell negative electrode 22 output direct current to the AC / DC converter 20, which is converted into alternating current and incorporated into the ship power grid 18. The methanol engine is connected to the generator 17 through the transmission shaft, driving the generator 17 to generate electricity. The generator 17 generates alternating current and enters the ship power grid 18.

[0042] The active heating device 8 and the purifier 11 in the reactor 7 separate and supply the synthesis gas to the methanol engine and automatically adjust it according to the system operation load. The operation control method includes low load condition, medium load condition and high load condition:

[0043] High load condition: the propulsion system load is 70%-100%, and the methanol engine and the hydrogen fuel cell 19 are required to jointly propel, and the automatic heating device 8 is started. The energy required for the methanol hydrolysis reaction is jointly provided by the exhaust gas of the methanol engine and the automatic heating device 8. The purifier 11 provides the hydrogen fuel cell 19 with sufficient high-purity hydrogen, and the remaining synthesis gas enters the methanol engine to participate in combustion. At this time, the fuel cell operates at full load conditions, consuming a large amount of high-purity hydrogen. The synthesis gas leading to the methanol engine has a low hydrogen content and a high carbon dioxide content. The use of carbon dioxide can suppress the physical and chemical characteristics of the methanol blending engine detonation, suppress the detonation tendency after the methanol blending engine, and further increase the amount of hydrogen blending in the methanol engine;

[0044] Medium load condition: the propulsion system load is 40%-70%, requiring the methanol engine and the fuel cell to propel together, the automatic heating device 8 is turned off, and the methanol hydrolysis reaction energy is provided solely by the exhaust gas of the methanol engine. At this time, the hydrogen fuel cell 19 operates in the medium load condition, and the purifier 11 provides the hydrogen fuel cell 19 with sufficient high-purity hydrogen, and the remaining synthesis gas all enters the engine, using the fast combustion characteristics of hydrogen to improve methanol combustion, improve the combustion characteristics of the methanol engine, and improve the combustion thermal efficiency of the methanol engine;

[0045] Low load condition: The propulsion system load is 0%-40%. This condition is divided into two modes: methanol engine / fuel cell joint propulsion and fuel cell single propulsion. The control method is as follows:

[0046] Methanol engine / fuel cell joint propulsion mode: start the automatic heating device 8, the methanol hydrolysis reaction energy is provided by the exhaust gas of the methanol engine and the automatic heating device 8, at this time, the operating load of the hydrogen fuel cell 19 is determined by the overall propulsion system, the synthesis gas leading to the methanol engine has a high hydrogen content, and the hydrogen burns quickly, which improves the low-load combustion stability of the methanol engine and reduces the cycle fluctuation rate of the methanol engine operation process;

[0047] Fuel cell single propulsion mode: shut down the methanol engine, start the automatic heating device 8, the methanol hydrolysis reaction energy is provided solely by the automatic heating device 8, the purifier 11 separates the hydrogen to supply the hydrogen fuel cell 19, and the separated carbon dioxide is discharged into the atmosphere.

[0048] Specifically, a submersible pump 1 is arranged inside the methanol storage tank 2, and the submersible pump 1 is connected to the fuel inlet end of the evaporator 5 through a pipeline. The vaporized methanol vapor flows into the reactor 7 from the outlet end of the evaporator 5. The water vapor generator 6 stores water and can generate water vapor to flow into the reactor 7. The methanol vapor and the water vapor undergo a hydrolysis reaction in the reactor 7 to generate hydrogen-rich synthesis steam containing water vapor. The hydrogen-rich synthesis steam flows into the separator 9 to separate the water vapor from the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas. The water vapor flows into the reactor 7 to continue to complete the hydrolysis reaction. The hydrogen-rich synthesis gas flows into the buffer tank 10. The hydrogen-rich synthesis gas in the buffer tank 10 continues to flow into the purifier 11 and is purified into high-purity hydrogen and low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas. The high-purity hydrogen undergoes an electrochemical reaction with the air entering through the fuel cell air inlet 24 via the fuel cell hydrogen inlet 27, and the water and waste gas after the reaction flow out of the fuel cell via the fuel cell reaction water outlet 25 and the fuel cell waste gas outlet 23. The low-hydrogen synthesis gas flowing out of the purifier 11 is sprayed into the cylinder 15 by low-pressure injection through the fuel gas common rail pipe 14. The submersible pump 1 is connected to the methanol engine intake duct 12. Liquid methanol is sprayed through the intake duct 12, mixed with air to form a combustible mixture and enters the engine cylinder 15. It is mixed with the low-hydrogen synthesis gas and burned. The exhaust gas after combustion enters the turbocharger 13 through the exhaust pipe 16 to do work. The high-temperature exhaust gas after doing work continues to enter the reactor 7 to provide energy for the methanol hydrolysis reaction, and then enters the atmospheric environment. The reactor 7 is arranged with an automatic heating device 8, which can assist in heating when the residual heat of the engine exhaust turbine is insufficient. The cooling water storage tank 29 is connected to the low-temperature water inlet 26 of the fuel cell cooling system. The water in the cooling water storage tank 29 flows into the fuel cell to dissipate heat for the fuel cell, and flows out through the high-temperature water outlet 28 of the fuel cell cooling system. The high-temperature water enters the evaporator 5 to exchange heat with the methanol liquid. The low-temperature water after heat exchange circulates into the cooling water storage tank 29. The fuel cell positive electrode 21 and the fuel cell negative electrode 22 output direct current to the AC / DC converter 20, which is converted into alternating current and connected to the power grid. The methanol engine is connected to the generator 17 through the transmission shaft, and the alternating current generated by the generator 17 enters the ship power grid 18. The synthetic steam after hydrolysis in the reactor 7 enters the separator 9 and decomposes into water vapor and hydrogen-rich synthesis gas. The water vapor re-enters the reactor 7 for reaction, and the separated hydrogen-rich synthesis gas enters the buffer tank 10. The synthesis gas in the buffer tank 10 forms high-purity hydrogen and low-hydrogen synthesis gas under the action of the purifier 11. The high-purity hydrogen enters the hydrogen fuel cell 19 to undergo an electrochemical reaction, and the low-hydrogen synthesis gas is passed into the engine cylinder 15 to burn and do work.The evaporator 5 uses the high-temperature water (70-100°C) flowing out of the high-temperature water outlet 28 of the fuel cell cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell 19 to evaporate the methanol liquid (methanol boiling temperature is about 30°C) in the evaporator 5, so as to achieve rapid vaporization of methanol and rapid cooling of the fuel cell circulating water; the reactor 7 and the water vapor generated by the water vapor generator 6 undergo a hydrolysis reaction to produce hydrogen, and the energy of the hydrolysis process is provided by the exhaust gas flowing out of the turbocharger 13. The methanol hydrolysis reaction temperature is about 200-250°C, and the exhaust gas temperature after the methanol engine turbine is between 280-350°C. In addition, an automatic heating device 8 is arranged in the reactor 7, which can assist in heating when the residual heat of the engine exhaust gas turbine is insufficient. The low-hydrogen synthesis gas flowing out of the purifier 11 contains carbon dioxide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and incompletely hydrolyzed methanol vapor, which is sprayed into the engine cylinder 15 by low-pressure injection through the gas common rail pipe 14. The submersible pump 1 is connected to the intake duct 12 of the methanol engine. Liquid methanol is sprayed through the intake duct 12, mixed with air to form a combustible mixture and enters the engine cylinder 15, and is mixed with the low-hydrogen synthesis gas for combustion. The hydrogen in the low-hydrogen synthesis gas burns faster, which can effectively improve the combustion of methanol and improve the combustion instability of the methanol engine at low load, while carbon dioxide can inhibit the knock tendency of the methanol engine and reduce the knock intensity of the methanol engine at full load. The methanol engine has better power performance, economic performance and emission performance after blending. The methanol engine drives the generator 17 through the output shaft to generate AC power input into the ship power grid 18, and the DC power generated by the fuel cell 19 is converted into AC power through the AC / DC converter 20 and incorporated into the ship power grid 18.

[0049] A storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the operation control method of the above-mentioned methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system for inland ship methanol hydrolysis to produce hydrogen.

[0050] Specifically, the technical solution of the present invention realizes efficient automatic control of the methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system of inland ship methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production by embedding a well-designed computer program on the storage medium and executing these programs by the processor. This method not only ensures the accuracy of operation and reduces human errors, but also enhances the reliability and stability of the system and simplifies the daily maintenance and management process. The rapid response capability of the automation program enables the system to adapt to changes in the external environment and internal state in a timely manner, while intelligent control strategies such as fault self-diagnosis and adaptive adjustment further enhance the intelligence level of the system. In addition, this automated control method also improves the adaptability and energy utilization efficiency of the system, providing a flexible and efficient power system operation solution for ships.

[0051] A computer device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor executes the program to implement the above-mentioned operation control method of a methanol engine and a fuel cell hybrid power system for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis for inland vessels.

[0052] Specifically, the computer device in the present invention integrates a memory, a processor and a special computer program, and provides an automated and intelligent control platform for the operation of the methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system of inland ships using methanol hydrolysis to produce hydrogen. The device reduces the errors caused by human operation through automated control and enhances the stability and reliability of the system; intelligent management allows the system to optimize performance based on real-time data, simplifies the maintenance process and improves maintenance efficiency. At the same time, the rapid response mechanism ensures that the system can adapt to various changes in a timely manner, while precise energy allocation and use improve overall energy efficiency. In addition, the flexibility of the program enables the system to adapt to changing operating conditions and enhances environmental adaptability. In short, the application of the computer device brings an efficient, stable and easy-to-manage operation mode to the ship power system, significantly improving the energy utilization efficiency and the overall performance of the system.

[0053] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system for inland waterway vessels, characterized in that: The invention comprises a submersible pump (1), a methanol storage tank (2), an evaporator (5), a water vapor generator (6), a reactor (7), a separator (9), a buffer tank (10), a purifier (11), a methanol engine, a generator (17), a ship power grid (18), a hydrogen fuel cell (19) and an AC / DC converter (20), characterized in that the submersible pump (1) is arranged in the methanol storage tank (2), the outlet of the submersible pump (1) is simultaneously connected to the fuel inlet of the evaporator (5) and the methanol inlet of the methanol engine, the methanol vapor outlet of the evaporator (5) is connected to the methanol vapor inlet of the reactor (7), the water vapor outlet of the water vapor generator (6) is connected to the water vapor inlet of the reactor (7), the hydrogen-rich synthetic vapor outlet of the reactor (7) is connected to the hydrogen-rich synthetic vapor inlet of the separator (9), and the water vapor outlet of the separator (9) is connected to the reactor. The methanol steam inlet of (7) is connected, the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas outlet of the separator (9) is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank (10), the outlet of the buffer tank (10) is connected to the inlet of the purifier (11), the low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas outlet of the purifier (11) is connected to the low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas inlet of the methanol engine, the low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas pipeline of the purifier (11) is connected to the atmospheric environment through a valve, the high-purity hydrogen outlet of the purifier (11) is connected to the high-purity hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell (19), the methanol engine and the hydrogen fuel cell (19) are both connected to the atmospheric environment, the methanol engine is fixedly connected to the engine (17) through a transmission shaft, the generator (17) is electrically connected to the ship power grid (18), the hydrogen fuel cell (19) is electrically connected to the AC / DC converter (20), and the AC / DC converter (20) is electrically connected to the ship power grid (18).

2. The hybrid power system of methanol engine and fuel cell for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis for inland waterway vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methanol engine comprises an intake duct (12), a turbocharger (13), a fuel gas common rail pipe (14), an engine cylinder (15) and an exhaust pipe (16); a branch of the outlet of the submersible pump (1) is connected to the inlet of the intake duct (12) of the methanol engine; the intake duct (12) introduces external air through the turbocharger (13); and the outlet of the intake duct (12) is connected to the inside of the engine cylinder (15); the low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas outlet of the purifier (11) is connected to the inlet of the fuel gas common rail pipe (14) of the methanol engine; the outlet of the fuel gas common rail pipe (14) is connected to the inside of the engine cylinder (15); the outlet of the engine cylinder (15) is connected to the inlet of the exhaust pipe (16); and the outlet of the exhaust pipe (16) is connected to the turbocharger (13).

3. The hybrid power system of methanol engine and fuel cell for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis for inland waterway vessels according to claim 2, characterized in that: An exhaust gas heating pipeline is arranged inside the reactor (7), the outlet of the exhaust pipe (16) is connected to the inlet of the exhaust gas heating pipeline through the turbine part of the turbocharger (13), and the outlet of the exhaust gas heating pipeline is connected to the atmospheric environment.

4. The hybrid power system of methanol engine and fuel cell for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis for inland vessels according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell (19) comprises a fuel cell positive electrode (21), a fuel cell negative electrode (22), a fuel cell exhaust gas outlet (23), a fuel cell air inlet (24), a fuel cell reaction water outlet (25) and a fuel cell hydrogen inlet (27); the fuel cell positive electrode (21) and the fuel cell negative electrode (22) are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrode interfaces of the AC / DC converter (20), respectively; the fuel cell air inlet (24) is connected to the atmospheric environment; the fuel cell hydrogen inlet (27) is connected to the high-purity hydrogen outlet of the purifier (11); and the fuel cell exhaust gas outlet (23) and the fuel cell reaction water outlet (25) are both connected to the atmosphere.

5. The hybrid power system of methanol engine and fuel cell for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis for inland waterway vessels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inland river vessel methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system also includes a cooling water storage tank (29), and the hydrogen fuel cell (19) also includes a fuel cell cooling system low-temperature water inlet (26) and a fuel cell cooling system high-temperature water outlet (28), the fuel cell cooling system low-temperature water inlet (26) and the fuel cell cooling system high-temperature water outlet (28) are both arranged on the outer shell of the hydrogen fuel cell (19), and are connected through the water circulation cavity inside the hydrogen fuel cell (19), the evaporator (5) is provided with a heat exchange pipeline inside, the inlet of the heat exchange pipeline is connected to the fuel cell cooling system high-temperature water outlet (28), the outlet of the heat exchange pipeline is connected to the inlet of the cooling water storage tank (29), and the outlet of the cooling water storage tank (29) is connected to the low-temperature water inlet (26) of the fuel cell cooling system.

6. The hybrid power system of methanol engine and fuel cell for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis for inland waterway vessels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inland river vessel methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system also includes a first methanol stop valve (3) and a second methanol stop valve (4), and the first methanol stop valve (3) and the second methanol stop valve (4) are respectively installed in two pipelines formed by connecting the outlet of the submersible pump (1) with the air inlet (12) and the fuel inlet of the evaporator (5).

7. The hybrid power system of methanol engine and fuel cell for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis for inland waterway vessels according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inland river vessel methanol hydrolysis hydrogen production methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system further comprises an automatic heating device (8), and the automatic heating device (8) is arranged in the reactor (7).

8. An operation control method of a methanol engine and a fuel cell hybrid power system for inland river vessels, based on the methanol engine and a fuel cell hybrid power system for inland river vessels according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The active heating device (8) and the purifier (11) in the reactor (7) separate and supply the synthesis gas to the methanol engine and automatically adjust it according to the system operation load. The operation control method includes low load condition, medium load condition and high load condition: High load condition: the propulsion system load is 70%-100%, requiring the methanol engine and the hydrogen fuel cell (19) to jointly propel, starting the automatic heating device (8), the energy required for the methanol hydrolysis reaction is jointly provided by the exhaust gas of the methanol engine and the automatic heating device (8), the purifier (11) provides the hydrogen fuel cell (19) with sufficient high-purity hydrogen, and the remaining synthesis gas enters the methanol engine to participate in combustion. At this time, the fuel cell operates at full load conditions, consuming a large amount of high-purity hydrogen. The synthesis gas leading to the methanol engine has a low hydrogen content and a high carbon dioxide content. Carbon dioxide can be used to suppress the physical and chemical characteristics of the methanol blending engine knock, suppress the knock tendency of the methanol blending engine, and further increase the amount of hydrogen blending in the methanol engine; Medium load condition: the propulsion system load is 40%-70%, requiring the methanol engine and the fuel cell to propel together, the automatic heating device (8) is turned off, and the methanol hydrolysis reaction energy is provided solely by the exhaust gas of the methanol engine. At this time, the hydrogen fuel cell (19) operates in the medium load condition, and the purifier (11) provides the hydrogen fuel cell (19) with sufficient high-purity hydrogen, and the remaining synthesis gas all enters the engine, using the fast combustion characteristics of hydrogen to improve methanol combustion, improve the combustion characteristics of the methanol engine, and improve the combustion thermal efficiency of the methanol engine; Low load condition: The propulsion system load is 0%-40%. This condition is divided into two modes: methanol engine / fuel cell joint propulsion and fuel cell single propulsion. The control method is as follows: Methanol engine / fuel cell joint propulsion mode: the automatic heating device (8) is started, and the methanol hydrolysis reaction energy is provided by the exhaust gas of the methanol engine and the automatic heating device (8). At this time, the operating load of the hydrogen fuel cell (19) is determined by the overall propulsion system. The synthesis gas leading to the methanol engine has a high hydrogen content, and the hydrogen burns quickly, thereby improving the low-load combustion stability of the methanol engine and reducing the cycle fluctuation rate of the methanol engine operation process. Fuel cell propulsion mode: the methanol engine is turned off and the automatic heating device (8) is started. The energy for methanol hydrolysis reaction is provided solely by the automatic heating device (8). The purifier (11) separates hydrogen and supplies it to the hydrogen fuel cell (19). The separated carbon dioxide is discharged into the atmosphere.

9. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, the operation control method of the methanol engine and fuel cell hybrid power system for inland waterway vessels described in claim 8 is implemented.

10. A computer device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the operation control method of a methanol engine and a fuel cell hybrid power system for producing hydrogen by methanol hydrolysis for an inland vessel as described in any one of claim 8.

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