Ash removal device for horizontal flue of boiler
By designing ash discharge and monitoring mechanism in the boiler horizontal flue, the problem of excessive load caused by bottom ash accumulation is solved, and efficient ash removal and energy savings of the flue are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411368221.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
AI Technical Summary
In coal-fired power plants, the load of horizontal flue is too high due to excessive accumulation of bottom ash, which can easily cause flue blockage, denitrification and increased air preload resistance.
A boiler horizontal flue ash removal device is designed, including an ash discharge mechanism and a monitoring mechanism. The ash discharge mechanism pushes the ash accumulation to the ash bucket through a shovel assembly and a bin pump. The monitoring mechanism monitors and control units in real time and Control the dust removal operation to ensure the timely discharge of dust accumulation in the ash bucket.
Effectively remove ash accumulation at the bottom of the horizontal flue, reduce the load on the flue, improve the flue gas flow state, and achieve energy saving through energy saving control.
Smart Images
Figure CN119123449A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of flue dust removal, and in particular to a boiler horizontal flue dust removal device. Background Art
[0002] The waste heat boiler flue gas comes out of the boiler and first enters the economizer. After being ash-removed by the economizer ash hopper, it enters the SCR denitration catalyst layer along the horizontal flue and the vertical flue. As the current coal-fired power plant units are in a low-load state for a long time, the flue gas flow rate is at a low level, and the negative pressure at the horizontal flue is too low. At the same time, with the extension of time, it is very easy to form a large amount of bottom ash at the bottom of the horizontal flue, which is easy to cause flue blockage, resulting in problems such as excessive horizontal flue load, increased resistance at denitration and air preheater. Summary of the invention
[0003] In order to improve the problem of excessive load on the horizontal flue due to excessive accumulation of bottom ash, the present application provides a ash removal device for the horizontal flue of a boiler.
[0004] The present application provides a boiler horizontal flue dust removal device adopts the following technical solution: A boiler horizontal flue dust removal device, comprising An ash discharge mechanism is used to discharge the ash accumulated in the horizontal flue, the ash discharge mechanism includes an ash hopper connected to the bottom of the horizontal flue, an ash shoveling assembly used to push the ash accumulated in the horizontal flue into the ash hopper, and a bin pump used to accelerate the discharge of the ash accumulated in the ash hopper, the bin pump is located at the bottom of the ash hopper, and the ash shoveling assembly is located on the horizontal flue; The monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the amount of ash accumulated in the horizontal flue in real time. The monitoring mechanism includes a first level meter installed on the inner wall of the horizontal flue and a first control unit electrically connected to the first level meter. The first control unit is located on the outer wall of the horizontal flue and is electrically connected to the ash shoveling assembly.
[0005] Furthermore, the ash scraping assembly includes a motor installed on the outer wall of the horizontal flue, a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, a circular seat fixed on the end of the rotating shaft away from the motor, and a plurality of scrapers fixed on the circumferential side of the circular seat. The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the horizontal flue, and the ash hopper includes a central ash hopper and side ash hoppers located on both sides of the central ash hopper. The circular seat is located directly above the central ash hopper and is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft. The plurality of scrapers are evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular seat. The scrapers are in sliding contact with the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue, and the projection of the end of the scraper close to the circular seat on the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue is located in the central ash hopper. The rotating scraper can push the accumulated ash on the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue into the central ash hopper and / or the side ash hopper.
[0006] Furthermore, an elastic scraping strip abutting against the bottom wall of the horizontal flue is arranged at the bottom of the scraper.
[0007] Furthermore, the scraper strip is arranged in an arc shape, one end of the arc-shaped scraper strip points to the circular seat, and the rotating shaft drives the scraper plate to rotate toward the inner arc side of the arc-shaped scraper strip.
[0008] Furthermore, the scraper strip is arranged in a straight line, one end of the straight scraper strip points to the circular seat, and the length direction of the straight scraper strip is arranged at an angle to the radial direction of the circular seat, and the rotating shaft drives the scraper to rotate toward the inclined direction of the straight scraper strip.
[0009] Furthermore, the scraper strip is detachably mounted on the bottom of the scraper plate.
[0010] Furthermore, an electric plug-in door is provided inside the ash hopper for opening and closing.
[0011] Furthermore, a second level meter for monitoring the amount of ash accumulated in the ash hopper is provided on the inner wall of the ash hopper, a second control unit electronically connected to the second level meter is provided on the outer wall of the ash hopper, and the electric plug door is electronically connected to the second control unit. The second control unit can control the opening and closing of the electric plug door according to the monitoring conditions of the second level meter.
[0012] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By setting up the ash removal mechanism and monitoring mechanism, the ash removal operation process of the horizontal flue can be completed efficiently, the ash accumulation at the bottom of the horizontal flue can be effectively removed, the load of the horizontal flue can be reduced, the flow area of the horizontal flue can be increased, and the flue gas flow state of the entire flue can be improved; 2. By providing the first material level meter, the first control unit, the second material level meter and the second control unit, the cleaning process of the horizontal flue can be started and stopped at the right time to achieve the purpose of saving energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the ash hopper, silo pump, motor, rotating shaft, circular seat and scraper in the horizontal flue in the embodiment of the present application.
[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the side ash hopper, the center ash hopper, the circular seat and the scraper in the horizontal flue in the embodiment of the present application.
[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating shaft, circular seat, scraper and scraper strip in the embodiment of the present application.
[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ash hopper, the electric plug-in door and the second level meter in the embodiment of the present application.
[0018] Figure numerals: 1. horizontal flue; 2. ash hopper; 21. central ash hopper; 22. side ash hopper; 3. silo pump; 4. first material level meter; 5. first control unit; 6. motor; 7. rotating shaft; 8. circular seat; 9. scraper; 10. scraper strip; 11. electric plug-in door; 12. second material level meter; 13. second control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] The present application discloses a boiler horizontal flue dust removal device. Figure 1 and Figure 2 A boiler horizontal flue ash removal device includes an ash discharge mechanism for discharging the ash accumulated in the horizontal flue 1 and a monitoring mechanism for real-time monitoring the amount of ash accumulated in the horizontal flue 1. The ash discharge mechanism and the monitoring mechanism can be set to a suitable number of groups according to the length of the horizontal flue 1. In the embodiment of the present application, the ash discharge mechanism and the monitoring mechanism are both provided with three groups, and the three groups of ash discharge mechanisms correspond to the three groups of monitoring mechanisms one by one. The three groups of ash discharge mechanisms and the three groups of monitoring mechanisms are spaced apart along the length direction of the horizontal flue. The monitoring mechanism is electrically connected to the ash discharge mechanism. The monitoring mechanism drives the ash discharge mechanism in a timely manner according to the ash accumulation in the horizontal flue 1 monitored. While ensuring the timely discharge of the ash accumulated in the horizontal flue 1, it also has the effect of energy saving and consumption reduction.
[0021] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The ash discharge mechanism includes an ash hopper 2 connected to the bottom of the horizontal flue 1, an ash shoveling assembly for pushing the accumulated ash in the horizontal flue 1 into the ash hopper 2, and a silo pump 3 for accelerating the discharge of the accumulated ash in the ash hopper 2. The ash hopper 2 includes a central ash hopper 21 and side ash hoppers 22 located on both sides of the central ash hopper 21. The central ash hopper 21 and the two side ash hoppers 22 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the horizontal flue 1. The silo pump 3 is located at the bottom of the ash hopper 2 and is connected to the central ash hopper 21 and the two side ash hoppers 22.
[0022] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The ash scraping assembly is located on the horizontal flue 1, and includes a motor 6 mounted on the top outer wall of the horizontal flue 1, a rotating shaft 7 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 6, a circular seat 8 fixed on the end of the rotating shaft 7 away from the motor 6, and a plurality of scrapers 9 fixed on the circumference of the circular seat 8. The rotating shaft 7 vertically penetrates the top wall of the horizontal flue 1 and is rotatably arranged in the horizontal flue 1, and the rotating shaft 7 is located directly above the central ash hopper 21. The circular seat 8 is coaxially fixed to the bottom of the rotating shaft 7, and the diameter of the circular seat 8 is smaller than the diameter of the central ash hopper 21. In the embodiment of the present application, twelve scrapers 9 are provided. The twelve scrapers 9 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the circular seat 8. The twelve scrapers 9 are symmetrical along the circular seat 8. One end of the scraper 9 is fixedly connected to the circular seat 8, and the projection on the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue 1 is located in the central ash hopper 21. The other end points to the side away from the circular seat 8. When the circular seat 8 drives the scraper 9 to rotate above the two side ash hoppers 22, the end of the scraper 9 away from the circular seat 8 is located on the side of the side ash hopper 22 away from the central ash hopper 21, and at the same time, the scraper 9 is in sliding contact with the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue 1. As the flue gas flows, the accumulated ash in the horizontal flue 1 will be blown to the sides of the central ash hopper 21 and the side ash hopper 22, so that under the drive of the motor 6, the rotating shaft 7 drives the scraper 9 through the circular seat 8 to rotate and scrape in the horizontal flue 1, and the accumulated ash on the sides of the central ash hopper 21 and the side ash hopper 22 can be quickly pushed into the central ash hopper 21 and / or the side ash hopper 22, thereby achieving the effect of accelerating the discharge of ash in the horizontal flue 1, and avoiding the problem of excessive load of the horizontal flue 1 due to excessive ash accumulation.
[0023] In order to improve the scraping effect of the scraper 9 on the dust accumulation in the horizontal flue 1, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The bottom of the scraper 9 is provided with an elastic scraper strip 10 that abuts against the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue 1. In the embodiment of the present application, the scraper strip 10 is made of a rubber strip, and in other embodiments, the scraper strip 10 is made of a silicone strip. The scraper strip 10 elastically abuts against the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue 1, so that as the scraper 9 rotates, the scraper strip 10 can push the accumulated ash in the horizontal flue 1 into the ash hopper 2 as much as possible. Considering that the scraper strip 10 is prone to wear after long-term use, resulting in a reduced scraping effect on the accumulated ash in the horizontal flue 1, for this reason, the scraper strip 10 is detachably installed at the bottom of the scraper 9, and the detachable method can be screw connection, can also be clamped, and can also be bonded.
[0024] In order to further improve the scraping efficiency of the ash in the horizontal flue 1, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3In a feasible embodiment, the scraper strip 10 is arranged to be arc-shaped, one end of the arc-shaped scraper strip 10 points to the circular seat 8, and the rotating shaft 7 drives the scraper plate 9 to rotate toward the inner arc side of the arc-shaped scraper strip 10, so that the accumulated ash in the horizontal flue 1 accumulates on the inner arc side of the arc-shaped scraper strip 10, and flows toward the circular seat 8 along the bending direction of the arc-shaped scraper strip 10, thereby enabling the accumulated ash to be quickly pushed into the central ash hopper 21 and / or the side ash hopper 22. In another feasible embodiment, the scraper strip 10 is arranged to be linear, one end of the linear scraper strip 10 points to the circular seat 8, and the length direction of the linear scraper strip 10 is arranged at an angle to the radial direction of the circular seat 8, and the rotating shaft 7 drives the scraper 9 to rotate toward the inclined direction of the linear scraper strip 10, so that the accumulated ash in the horizontal flue 1 accumulates on one side of the inclined direction of the linear scraper strip 10, and flows toward the circular seat 8 along the inclined direction of the linear scraper strip 10, thereby enabling the accumulated ash to be quickly pushed to the central ash hopper 21 and / or the side ash hopper 22.
[0025] In order to save energy, the motor 6 can be started in time according to the monitoring situation of the monitoring mechanism and drive the scraper 9 to drive the scraper 10 to scrape and clean the dust through the rotating shaft 7. Figure 1 The monitoring mechanism includes a first material level meter 4 installed on the inner wall of the horizontal flue 1 and a first control unit 5 electrically connected to the first material level meter 4. The first control unit 5 is located on the outer wall of the horizontal flue 1 and electrically connected to the motor 6. The first material level meter 4 is located on the side of the corresponding circular seat 8 close to the flue gas inlet, and can quickly and accurately determine the ash accumulation in the horizontal flue 1 at the current position and transmit the signal to the first control unit 5. When the ash accumulation exceeds the set range, the first control unit 5 promptly controls the motor 6 to start, ensuring that the scraper 9 and the scraper strip 10 can quickly respond and scrape and push the ash accumulation into the corresponding ash hopper 2.
[0026] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 , an electric plug-in door 11 is also provided in the ash hopper 2 for opening and closing, a second material level meter 12 for monitoring the amount of ash accumulated in the ash hopper 2 is installed on the inner wall of the ash hopper 2, a second control unit 13 electrically connected to the second material level meter 12 is provided on the outer wall of the ash hopper 2, and the electric plug-in door 11 is electrically connected to the second control unit 13. After the scraper 10 pushes the ash accumulated in the horizontal flue 1 into the ash hopper 2, the electric plug-in door 11 is in a closed state, so that the ash is temporarily stored in the ash hopper 2, and the second material level meter 12 monitors the amount of ash temporarily stored in the ash hopper 2 in real time, and transmits the signal to the second control unit 13. When the amount of ash accumulated in the ash hopper 2 exceeds the set range, the second control unit 13 drives the electric plug-in door 11 to open, and the ash accumulated in the ash hopper 2 falls into the silo pump 3 under the action of gravity, and then the second control unit 13 drives the electric plug-in door 11 to close, so as to realize the segmented discharge of the ash accumulated in the horizontal flue 1, and avoid the waste of energy caused by the silo pump 3 working continuously for a long time.
[0027] The implementation principle of a boiler horizontal flue ash removal device in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: as the flue gas flows in the horizontal flue 1, the ash contained therein will accumulate on the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue 1. When the first level meter 4 detects that the ash amount in the horizontal flue 1 at the current position exceeds the set range, the first control unit 5 controls the motor 6 to start, and the motor 6 drives the circular seat 8, the scraper 9 and the scraper bar 10 to rotate through the rotating shaft 7, so that under the scraping and guiding action of the scraper bar 10, the ash in the horizontal flue 1 can be quickly pushed to the central ash hopper 21 and / or the side ash hopper 22, thereby achieving the effect of accelerating the discharge of ash in the horizontal flue 1, and avoiding the problem of excessive load on the horizontal flue 1 due to excessive ash accumulation.
[0028] After the scraper 10 pushes the accumulated ash in the horizontal flue 1 into the ash hopper 2, the electric plug-in door 11 is in a closed state, so that the accumulated ash is temporarily stored in the ash hopper 2. The second level meter 12 monitors the amount of accumulated ash temporarily stored in the ash hopper 2 in real time, and transmits the signal to the second control unit 13. When the amount of accumulated ash in the ash hopper 2 exceeds the set range, the second control unit 13 drives the electric plug-in door 11 to open. At this time, the accumulated ash in the ash hopper 2 falls into the silo pump 3 under the action of gravity. Then the second control unit 13 drives the electric plug-in door 11 to close, so as to realize the segmented discharge of the accumulated ash in the horizontal flue 1, thereby avoiding the waste of energy caused by the silo pump 3 working continuously for a long time.
[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A boiler horizontal flue dust removal device, characterized in that: include An ash discharge mechanism is used to discharge the ash accumulated in the horizontal flue, the ash discharge mechanism includes an ash hopper connected to the bottom of the horizontal flue, an ash shoveling assembly used to push the ash accumulated in the horizontal flue into the ash hopper, and a bin pump used to accelerate the discharge of the ash accumulated in the ash hopper, the bin pump is located at the bottom of the ash hopper, and the ash shoveling assembly is located on the horizontal flue; The monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the amount of ash accumulated in the horizontal flue in real time. The monitoring mechanism includes a first level meter installed on the inner wall of the horizontal flue and a first control unit electrically connected to the first level meter. The first control unit is located on the outer wall of the horizontal flue and is electrically connected to the ash shoveling assembly.
2. A boiler horizontal flue dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash scraping assembly includes a motor installed on the outer wall of the horizontal flue, a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, a circular seat fixed on the end of the rotating shaft away from the motor, and a plurality of scrapers fixed on the circumferential side of the circular seat. The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the horizontal flue. The ash hopper includes a central ash hopper and side ash hoppers located on both sides of the central ash hopper. The circular seat is located directly above the central ash hopper and is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft. The plurality of scrapers are evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular seat. The scrapers are in sliding contact with the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue, and the projection of the end of the scraper close to the circular seat on the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue is located in the central ash hopper. The rotating scraper can push the accumulated ash on the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue into the central ash hopper and / or the side ash hopper.
3. A boiler horizontal flue dust removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the scraper is provided with an elastic scraper strip which abuts against the inner bottom wall of the horizontal flue.
4. A boiler horizontal flue dust removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraper strip is arranged in an arc shape, one end of the arc-shaped scraper strip points to the circular seat, and the rotating shaft drives the scraper plate to rotate toward the inner arc side of the arc-shaped scraper strip.
5. A boiler horizontal flue dust removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraper strip is arranged in a straight line, one end of the straight scraper strip points to the circular seat, and the length direction of the straight scraper strip is arranged at an angle to the radial direction of the circular seat, and the rotating shaft drives the scraper to rotate in the inclined direction of the straight scraper strip.
6. A boiler horizontal flue dust removal device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The scraper strip is detachably mounted on the bottom of the scraper plate.
7. A boiler horizontal flue dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric plug-in door is provided inside the ash hopper for opening and closing.
8. A boiler horizontal flue dust removal device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second level meter for monitoring the amount of ash accumulated in the ash hopper is arranged on the inner wall of the ash hopper, a second control unit electrically connected to the second level meter is arranged on the outer wall of the ash hopper, the electric plug-in door is electrically connected to the second control unit, and the second control unit can control the opening and closing of the electric plug-in door according to the monitoring conditions of the second level meter.