Multi-shaft crushing device with automatic material blocking treatment structure and method

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-shaft crushing device with an automatic material blocking treatment structure and a method, and belongs to the technical field of mineral crushing devices.The multi-shaft crushing device comprises an equipment support, a crushing box is arranged on the left side of the upper surface of the equipment support, and a variable frequency motor is arranged on the right side of the crushing box; through the arrangement of the first-stage crushing roller and the second-stage crushing roller, the particle size range of treated solid minerals is large, the material treatment capacity of a common double-shaft double-roller crusher is generally within 200 mm and is larger than the material treatment range of a common double-shaft double-roller crusher and can reach 350 mm or above, the double-layer crushing roller structure is adopted, the first-stage crushing roller is used for treating materials with larger particle size, and the material treatment efficiency is greatly improved. The secondary crushing roller treats materials with relatively small particles, through the arranged anti-clamping baffle, part of materials flying out due to collision, splashing during crushing and the like in the crushing process can be blocked by the anti-clamping baffle and then brought back to the space between the crushing rollers by the crushing teeth to enter the crushing process again, and the crushing effect and the crushing quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mineral crushing devices, and in particular relates to a multi-axis crushing device and method with an automatic material handling structure. Background Art

[0002] In the crushing process of solid minerals, due to the unevenness of the raw materials, larger particles often appear. These large particles are one of the important reasons for material jamming and blockage in the crushing process. Some minerals will be mixed with some debris during transportation for various reasons, such as wood strips, woven bags, rubber strips, iron wire, etc. These debris may be entangled in the crushing device during the crushing process, resulting in a decrease in the crushing efficiency of the equipment. In severe cases, it may cause the equipment to stop, affecting production.

[0003] At present, the multi-axis crushing devices for crushing minerals mainly include double-axis double-roll crushers, three-axis crushers, four-axis crushers, multi-axis crushers, etc. Double-axis double-roll crushers are generally used in laboratories to crush minerals below 25mm to below 3mm step by step. Large double-axis double-roll crushers and other multi-axis crushers can crush minerals above 200mm to below 13mm step by step in industry. At present, the feed particle size of multi-axis crushing devices has certain limitations. For example, the feed particle size of a certain device is not more than 150mm. When encountering materials of about 200mm, the crushing shaft may be stuck due to the large particles. Some crushers with smaller feed particle sizes, such as crushers with feed particle size of 100mm, when encountering debris, due to the small crushing power, they will be entangled or stuck by the debris and cannot continue to operate.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a multi-axis crushing device and method with an automatic material handling structure to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the feed particle size of the equipment is no more than 150mm. When encountering materials of about 200mm, the crushing shaft may be stuck because the particles are too large. Some crushers with smaller feed particle sizes, such as crushers with feed particle size of 100mm, when encountering debris, due to the small crushing power, will be entangled or stuck by the debris and cannot continue to operate. A multi-axis crushing device and method with an automatic material jamming processing structure are proposed.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: comprising an equipment support, a crushing box is arranged on the left side of the upper surface of the equipment support, a variable frequency motor is arranged on the right side of the crushing box, and two variable frequency motors are arranged symmetrically front and back, the power output ends of the two variable frequency motors are both connected with a reducer in transmission, the two reducers are arranged on the right side of the upper surface of the equipment support, the output ends of the two reducers are both connected with a primary crushing roller in transmission, and the primary crushing roller includes a primary crushing roller shaft and a primary crushing tooth, a torque sensor is arranged on the circumferential surface of the connection between the output end of the reducer and the primary crushing roller, the primary crushing tooth is arranged on the circumferential surface of the primary crushing roller shaft, an anti-stuck baffle is arranged on the upper end of the primary crushing tooth, and the anti-stuck baffle is arranged on the top inner wall of the crushing box, a transmission gear is arranged on the circumferential surface of the right end of the primary crushing roller shaft, the lower end of the transmission gear is connected with a driven gear 2 through a driven gear 1, a secondary crushing roller is arranged on the left end of the driven gear 2, and the secondary crushing roller includes a secondary crushing roller shaft and a secondary crushing tooth, and the secondary crushing tooth is arranged on the circumferential surface of the secondary crushing roller shaft;

[0007] The torque sensor is used to handle the jamming of materials during mineral crushing. When the crusher is idling, the torque sensor receives a signal F with a value of X, that is, F = X. When the crusher is working normally, the torque sensor receives a signal F = aX, where a is a variable that changes with the processing volume and particle size, and its maximum value is a. max ; When F = a max The duration of its maximum value is T max When encountering foreign matter, the torque sensor receives a signal F = (a + b) X, where b is related to the type and quantity of the foreign matter, and the value of b is directly related to the subsequent action of the crushing roller. The system determines b, T max to control the movement of the crushing roller and automatically handle the blockage. When the system determines that blockage has occurred, it automatically stops the movement of each motor and prompts manual intervention.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a material inlet is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the crushing box, and a material outlet is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the crushing box.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a driven shaft is arranged inside the driven gear 1, and the primary crushing roller shaft, the secondary crushing roller shaft and the driven shaft are all rotatably mounted inside the crushing box.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper ends of the two groups of the first-level crushing teeth are staggered with the lower ends of the two groups of the anti-stuck baffles, the lower ends of the two groups of the first-level crushing teeth are staggered with the upper ends of the two groups of the second-level crushing teeth, and the two groups of the second-level crushing teeth are staggered with each other.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an installation box is provided on the left outer wall of the crushing box, a cleaning pipe is slidably installed inside the installation box, and the cleaning pipe is located above the secondary crushing teeth and between the two primary crushing teeth, an L-shaped connecting plate is provided on the circumferential surface of the left end of the cleaning pipe, an electric telescopic rod is provided on the right side of the front end of the L-shaped connecting plate, and the electric telescopic rod is provided on the upper surface of the crushing box, the right end of the cleaning pipe is plugged into the left end of the crushing box through a sealing plate, and a slot matching the sealing plate is provided on the right inner wall of the crushing box.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, transverse outlets are provided in the middle of the front and rear ends of the cleaning pipe, and the two transverse outlets are respectively directed toward the two primary crushing rollers; oblique outlets are provided below the front and rear ends of the cleaning pipe, and the two oblique outlets are respectively directed toward the two secondary crushing rollers; a movable groove is provided at the upper end of the installation box, and the movable groove matches the L-shaped connecting plate.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a multi-axis crushing method with an automatic material handling structure specifically comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1, feed the minerals to be crushed into the crushing box through the feed port, small pieces of materials fall between the secondary crushing rollers, and large pieces of materials are crushed between the primary crushing rollers. At the same time, start two variable frequency motors, which drive the reducer to rotate, so that the reducer drives the primary crushing roller shaft to rotate. The primary crushing roller shaft rotates and drives the primary crushing teeth, driven gear 1, driven gear 2 and the secondary crushing roller shaft to rotate through the transmission gear. The two primary crushing teeth rotate to crush the large pieces of materials. During the crushing process, some materials that fly out due to collision, splashing during crushing, etc. are blocked by the anti-stuck baffle, and then brought back to the space between the crushing rollers by the crushing teeth and re-enter the crushing process. The materials crushed by the primary crushing teeth and the small pieces of materials enter the secondary crushing teeth together. Driven by the secondary crushing roller shaft, the two groups of secondary crushing teeth rotate to further crush the small pieces of materials. The qualified materials flow out through the gap between the two groups of secondary crushing teeth and are discharged from the crushing box through the discharge port to complete the crushing of the minerals.

[0015] Step 2: During the mineral crushing process, when the crushing roller is stuck, the signal received by the torque sensor on the primary crushing roller shaft is F = (a + b) X. After being processed by the system, when b ≤ a, the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller begin to reverse. After reversing 1-3 circles, they continue to operate normally. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor exceeds 2 to 5 times of T after the action, max, an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that there may be material blockage. When a<b≤2a, the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller reverse 1 to 3 circles, then rotate forward 1 to 3 circles, and repeat this process 1 to 3 times. At the same time, the inverter adjusts the power to more than 80% of the full power. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor exceeds 2 to 5 times of T after the action, max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that material blockage may occur. When 2a<b, the inverter adjusts the motor power to full power, and the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller reverse 1 to 3 circles, then forward 1 to 3 circles, and repeat this process 2 to 5 times. At the same time, an early warning signal is issued to the control system to remind the operator that material blockage may occur. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor exceeds 2 to 5 times of T after the action max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that there may be material blockage. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor exceeds 5 times T max , an alarm signal is issued to inform the operator that material is blocked and the system automatically stops working;

[0016] Step 3: After the mineral processing is completed, the equipment continues to run. When the equipment is running normally, the difference in the number of teeth of the transmission gear between the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller causes a certain speed difference between the two. The first crushing teeth on the primary crushing roller and the second crushing teeth on the secondary crushing roller contact each other. Because of the different linear speed differences, the sides of the two teeth will clean up the materials that may be adhered to each other when they contact. There is also a certain speed difference between the two secondary crushing rollers due to the different number of gear teeth. The working process is the same as above. When the crushing teeth on the primary crushing roller pass through the anti-stuck baffle, the anti-stuck baffle can also remove the materials adhered to the crushing teeth, thereby realizing the self-cleaning of the crushing rollers inside the crushing box.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) Through the setting of the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller, a wide range of solid mineral particle sizes can be processed. The material processing capacity of the ordinary double-roll crusher is generally within 200 mm, which is larger than that of the ordinary double-shaft double-roll crusher, reaching more than 350 mm. The double-layer crushing roller structure is adopted. The primary crushing roller processes materials with larger particle sizes, and the secondary crushing roller processes materials with relatively smaller particles. Through the setting of the anti-stuck baffle, part of the material that flies out due to collision, splashing during crushing, etc. during the crushing process can be blocked by the anti-stuck baffle, and then brought back to the space between the crushing rollers by the crushing teeth and re-enter the crushing process, thereby improving the crushing effect and crushing quality;

[0019] (2) By setting the angle between adjacent crushing teeth on the surface of the primary crushing roller between 15-40°, the crushing teeth can more easily grasp large pieces of material, preventing the nearly spherical material from rolling repeatedly between the crushing rollers, and the crushing efficiency of large pieces can be increased by more than 30%;

[0020] (3) By leaving space between the two sets of primary crushing rollers, when encountering materials with a particle size of more than 150 mm, the materials will roll between the crushing rollers. When the large particles are too large to be caught by the crushing teeth, the crushing teeth will gradually destroy the outer layer of the large particles, and the particle size of the large particles will gradually decrease until they can be caught by the crushing teeth and sent between the crushing rollers to be crushed;

[0021] (4) Through the torque sensor installed between the primary crushing roller and the reducer, when encountering large pieces, long strips, foreign objects and other materials that are easy to cause equipment jamming, the equipment can control the movement of the crushing roller according to the feedback signal by increasing the instantaneous power of the motor, adjusting the speed, reversing the crushing roller on one side or both sides, etc., to solve the jamming problem. When the system determines that material jamming occurs, it automatically stops the movement of each motor and prompts manual intervention;

[0022] (5) Through the staggered arrangement of the primary crushing teeth and the anti-stuck baffle, when the crushing teeth pass through the anti-stuck baffle, the anti-stuck baffle can also remove the materials adhering to the crushing teeth. At the same time, there is a certain speed difference between the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller, so that when the crushing roller is idling, the sides of the two teeth can clean each other when they are in contact, thereby realizing the self-cleaning work of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a left cutaway perspective view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a top-down perspective view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the primary crushing teeth and the secondary crushing teeth of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention provided with an installation box;

[0029] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The front section stereogram of

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cleaning pipe of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Equipment support; 2. Crushing box; 3. Frequency conversion motor; 4. Speed ​​reducer; 5. Primary crushing roller; 6. Torque sensor; 7. Primary crushing teeth; 8. Anti-stuck baffle; 9. Transmission gear; 10. Driven gear 1; 11. Driven shaft; 12. Driven gear 2; 13. Secondary crushing roller; 14. Secondary crushing teeth; 15. Feed inlet; 16. Discharge outlet; 17. Installation box; 18. Cleaning pipe; 19. Horizontal outlet; 20. Oblique outlet; 21. L-shaped connecting plate; 22. Electric telescopic rod; 23. Sealing plate; 24. Slot; 25. Moving slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] See also Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, a multi-axis crushing device with an automatic material handling structure includes an equipment support 1, a crushing box 2 is arranged on the left side of the upper surface of the equipment support 1, and an inlet 15 is opened in the middle of the upper surface of the crushing box 2. The setting of the inlet 15 facilitates the smooth delivery of minerals into the crushing box 2 through the inlet 15 for crushing. A discharge port 16 is opened in the middle of the lower surface of the crushing box 2. The setting of the discharge port 16 facilitates the discharge and collection of crushed qualified materials through the discharge port 16. A variable frequency motor 3 is arranged on the right side of the crushing box 2, and two variable frequency motors 3 are symmetrically arranged front and back. The power output ends of the two variable frequency motors 3 are both transmission-connected with reducers 4. The two reducers 4 are arranged on the right side of the upper surface of the equipment support 1. The two reducers 4 The output end of the reducer 4 is connected to a primary crushing roller through a coupling, and the primary crushing roller includes a primary crushing roller shaft 5 and a primary crushing tooth 7. A torque sensor 6 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the connection between the output end of the reducer 4 and the primary crushing roller. The primary crushing tooth 7 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the primary crushing roller shaft 5. An anti-stuck baffle 8 is arranged on the upper end of the primary crushing tooth 7, and the anti-stuck baffle 8 is arranged on the top inner wall of the crushing box 2. The anti-stuck baffle 8 can be set so that part of the material flying out due to splashing during crushing can be blocked by the anti-stuck baffle 8, and then brought back to the space between the crushing rollers by the crushing teeth, and re-enter the crushing process, thereby improving the crushing quality. After the crushing is completed, the equipment can be idled, and then the material adhering to the primary crushing tooth 7 can be removed;

[0035] It should be noted that there are multiple crushing teeth arranged on the first-level crushing roller. By selecting different crushing teeth, the angle between adjacent crushing teeth can be selected from 10° to 90°. Preferably, the angle between adjacent crushing teeth is between 15-40°. The angle between the rear crushing teeth is preferred, which allows the crushing teeth to grab large pieces of material more easily and avoids the nearly spherical material from rolling repeatedly between the crushing rollers. The crushing efficiency of large pieces can be increased by more than 30%.

[0036] A transmission gear 9 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the right end of the primary crushing roller shaft 5, and the lower end of the transmission gear 9 is connected to the driven gear 2 12 through the driven gear 1 10, and the left end of the driven gear 2 12 is arranged with a secondary crushing roller, and the secondary crushing roller includes a secondary crushing roller shaft 13 and secondary crushing teeth 14, and the secondary crushing teeth 14 are arranged on the circumferential surface of the secondary crushing roller shaft 13, and the upper ends of the two groups of primary crushing teeth 7 are staggered with the lower ends of the two groups of anti-stuck baffles 8, and the lower ends of the two groups of primary crushing teeth 7 are staggered with the upper ends of the two groups of secondary crushing teeth 14, and the two groups of secondary crushing teeth 14 are staggered with each other;

[0037] It should be noted that the setting of the driven gear 10 creates a speed difference between the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller. The linear speed of the place where the teeth on the primary crushing roller contact the teeth on the secondary crushing roller differs by 1 to 10%, preferably 5 to 8%. The different linear speeds will allow the sides of the two teeth to clean each other from the materials that may be adhered to each other when they contact. There is a certain speed difference between the two secondary crushing rollers. The linear speed between the front and rear secondary crushing teeth 14 differs by 1 to 15%, preferably 3 to 8%. The working process is the same as above. Before each crushing operation, the crushing roller will run at the maximum operating speed for 1 to 3 minutes to self-clean the crushing teeth. After each crushing operation, the crushing roller will run at a variable speed between the maximum operating speed and 20% of the operating speed for 1 to 5 minutes to self-clean the crushing teeth.

[0038] The torque sensor 6 is used to handle the jamming of materials during mineral crushing. When the crusher is idling, the signal received by the torque sensor 6 is pre-set to be F, and the value is X, that is, F = X. When the crusher is working normally, the signal received by the torque sensor 6 is F = aX, where a is a variable that changes with the processing volume and particle size, and its maximum value is a. max ; When F = a max The duration of its maximum value is T max When encountering foreign matter, the signal received by the torque sensor 6 is F=(a+b)X, where b is related to the type and quantity of the foreign matter, and the value of b is directly related to the subsequent action of the crushing roller. The system determines b, T maxThe system controls the action of the crushing rollers and automatically handles the blockage. When the system determines that a blockage has occurred, it automatically stops the action of each motor and prompts manual intervention. The two variable frequency motors 3 control the first and second crushing rollers in front and behind, respectively. A torque sensor 6 is installed on the coupling of each motor, and the two are independently controlled according to the logic described in this article.

[0039] The following is an example of a program automatically handling material blockage. When b≤a, the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller begin to reverse. After reversing 1-3 circles, they continue to operate normally. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor 6 exceeds 2 to 5 times of T max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that there may be material blockage. When a<b≤2a, the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller reverse 1 to 3 circles, then rotate forward 1 to 3 circles, and repeat this process 1 to 3 times. At the same time, the inverter adjusts the power to more than 80% of the full power. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor 6 exceeds 2 to 5 times of T after the action, max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that material blockage may occur. When 2a<b, the inverter adjusts the motor power to full power, and the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller rotate 1 to 3 times in reverse, and then rotate 1 to 3 times in the forward direction. This process is repeated 2 to 5 times. At the same time, an early warning signal is issued to the control system to remind the operator that material blockage may occur. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor 6 exceeds 2 to 5 times of T after the action, max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that there may be material blockage. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor 6 exceeds 5 times T max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that material is blocked and the system automatically stops working.

[0040] A driven shaft 11 is arranged inside the driven gear 10, and the primary crushing roller shaft 5, the secondary crushing roller shaft 13 and the driven shaft 11 are all rotatably installed inside the crushing box 2. The primary crushing roller shaft 5, the secondary crushing roller shaft 13 and the driven shaft 11 can be installed inside the crushing box 2 without affecting the rotation of the primary crushing roller shaft 5, the secondary crushing roller shaft 13 and the driven shaft 11.

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] Please refer to Figure 5 - Figure 7As shown, a mounting box 17 is provided on the left outer wall of the crushing box 2, and a cleaning pipe 18 is slidably installed inside the mounting box 17, and the cleaning pipe 18 is located above the secondary crushing teeth 14 and between the two primary crushing teeth 7. An L-shaped connecting plate 21 is provided on the circumferential surface of the left end of the cleaning pipe 18, and an electric telescopic rod 22 is provided on the right side of the front end of the L-shaped connecting plate 21, and the electric telescopic rod 22 is arranged on the upper surface of the crushing box 2. The right end of the cleaning pipe 18 is plugged into the left end of the crushing box 2 through a sealing plate 23, and a slot 24 matching the sealing plate 23 is provided on the right inner wall of the crushing box 2. The sealing plate 23 is provided to close the left side of the crushing box 2 when the cleaning pipe 18 is not in use, so as to prevent the material from leaking through the connection between the sealing plate 23 and the crushing box 2 during crushing. When the cleaning pipe 18 flushes the inside of the crushing box 2, it can be plugged into the slot 24 on the right inner wall of the crushing box 2 to support the cleaning pipe 18, thereby improving the stability of the cleaning pipe 18.

[0043] A transverse outlet 19 is provided in the middle of both front and rear ends of the cleaning pipe 18, and the two transverse outlets 19 face the two primary crushing rollers 5 respectively. An oblique outlet 20 is provided below both front and rear ends of the cleaning pipe 18, and the two oblique outlets 20 face the two secondary crushing rollers 13 respectively. A moving groove 25 is provided at the upper end of the installation box 17, and the moving groove 25 matches the L-shaped connecting plate 21. The setting of the moving groove 25 provides a movable space for the L-shaped connecting plate 21, so that the L-shaped connecting plate 21 can smoothly move horizontally left and right.

[0044] In the prior art, generally, a flushing mechanism is not provided on the crushing box 2. Generally, a water pipe is directly extended into the crushing box 2 through the feed port 15 for flushing. The operation is troublesome, and the crushing roller needs to be rotated during the flushing process. Because it is also relatively dangerous, a cleaning pipe 18 is provided on the left side of the crushing box 2. When the crushing roller needs to be cleaned, the left end of the cleaning pipe 18 is first connected to the water pump, and then the electric telescopic rod 22 is started. The electric telescopic rod 22 drives the L-shaped connecting plate 21 and the cleaning pipe 18 to move horizontally to the right. When the sealing plate 23 is inserted into the slot 24, the cleaning pipe 18 provided with the water outlet portion has been moved into the crushing box 2 as a whole, and the sealing plate 23 is inserted into the slot 24, which improves the stability of the cleaning pipe 18 , and then start the water pump, and water will be sprayed out from the two lateral outlets 19 and the oblique outlet 20 of the cleaning pipe 18 to rinse the two primary crushing roller shafts 5 and the two secondary crushing roller shafts 13. After cleaning, the water pump can be disassembled, and the left end of the cleaning pipe 18 is connected to the air pump, so that the cleaning pipe 18 can blow air to quickly dry or dry the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller, so as to avoid the evaporation of water droplets and the rust of the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller in time, thereby improving the service life of the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller, and improving the cleanliness of the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller. After the cleaning is completed, the electric telescopic rod 22 is started again to reset the cleaning pipe 18, so that the sealing plate 23 closes the left through hole of the crushing box 2, and then does not affect the subsequent crushing of materials;

[0045] It should be noted that, through the cleaning pipe 18, liquid or high-pressure gas can be introduced through the cleaning pipe 18, so that after the cleaning pipe 18 enters the crushing box 2, clean water is sprayed from the cleaning pipe 18, so that the surface of the crushing roller can be cleaned. High-pressure gas can also be directly introduced. When high-pressure gas is used for cleaning, there is no need to use an air pump for subsequent drying operations.

[0046] Embodiment 3:

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also discloses a multi-axis crushing method with an automatic material jamming processing structure, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Feed the minerals to be crushed into the crushing box 2 through the feed port 15. Small pieces of material fall between the secondary crushing rollers, and large pieces of material are crushed between the primary crushing rollers. At the same time, start the two variable frequency motors 3, and the variable frequency motors 3 drive the reducer 4 to rotate, so that the reducer 4 drives the primary crushing roller shaft 5 to rotate. The primary crushing roller shaft 5 rotates through the transmission gear 9 to drive the primary crushing teeth 7, the driven gear 1 10, the driven gear 2 12 and the secondary crushing roller shaft 13 to rotate. The two primary crushing teeth 7 rotate to crush the large pieces of material. Part of the materials that fly out due to collision, splashing during crushing, etc. are blocked by the anti-stuck baffle 8, and then brought back to the space between the crushing rollers by the crushing teeth, and re-enter the crushing process. The materials crushed by the primary crushing teeth 7 and the small pieces of materials enter the secondary crushing teeth 14 together. Driven by the secondary crushing roller shaft 13, the two groups of secondary crushing teeth 14 rotate to further crush the small pieces of materials. The qualified crushed materials flow out through the gaps between the two groups of secondary crushing teeth 14 and are discharged from the crushing box 2 through the discharge port 16, completing the crushing of the minerals.

[0049] Step 2: During the mineral crushing process, when the crushing roller is stuck, the signal received by the torque sensor 6 on the primary crushing roller shaft 5 is F=(a+b)X, which is processed by the system. For example, when b≤a, the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller start to reverse, and after reversing 1-3 circles, they continue to operate normally. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor 6 exceeds 2 to 5 times of T max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that there may be material blockage. When a<b≤2a, the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller reverse 1 to 3 circles, then rotate forward 1 to 3 circles, and repeat this process 1 to 3 times. At the same time, the inverter adjusts the power to more than 80% of the full power. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor 6 exceeds 2 to 5 times of T after the action, max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that material blockage may occur. When 2a<b, the inverter adjusts the motor power to full power, and the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller rotate 1 to 3 times in reverse, and then rotate 1 to 3 times in the forward direction. This process is repeated 2 to 5 times. At the same time, an early warning signal is issued to the control system to remind the operator that material blockage may occur. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor 6 exceeds 2 to 5 times of T after the action, max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that there may be material blockage. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor 6 exceeds 5 times T max , an alarm signal is issued to inform the operator that material is blocked and the system automatically stops working;

[0050] Step 3, after the mineral processing is completed, the left end of the cleaning pipe 18 is connected to the water pump, and the electric telescopic rod 22 is started. The electric telescopic rod 22 drives the cleaning pipe 18 to move horizontally to the right, so that the sealing plate 23 is inserted into the inside of the slot 24, and the cleaning pipe 18 with the water outlet part has been moved into the inside of the crushing box 2 as a whole, so that the equipment continues to run, and the water pump is started at the same time. When the equipment is operating normally, the difference in the number of teeth of the transmission gear between the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller causes a certain speed difference between the two. The primary crushing teeth 7 on the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing teeth 14 on the secondary crushing roller contact the place where the two teeth contact each other because of the different linear speed differences. When contacting, the side surfaces of the two teeth clean each other up. The materials that may be adhered to each other are also different due to the difference in the number of gear teeth between the two secondary crushing rollers. At a certain speed difference, the action process is the same as above. When the crushing teeth on the primary crushing roller pass through the anti-stuck baffle 8, the anti-stuck baffle 8 can also remove the materials adhered to the crushing teeth, thereby realizing the self-cleaning of the crushing rollers inside the crushing box 2. Water will be sprayed out from the two lateral outlets 19 and the oblique outlet 20 of the cleaning pipe 18 to rinse the two primary crushing roller shafts 5 and the two secondary crushing roller shafts 13, and the cleaned impurities will be washed away by the water flow. After cleaning, the water pump can be disassembled, and the left end of the cleaning pipe 18 can be connected to the air pump, so that the cleaning pipe 18 can blow air to quickly dry or dry the primary crushing rollers and the secondary crushing rollers. After cleaning, the electric telescopic rod 22 is started again to reset the cleaning pipe 18, so that the sealing plate 23 closes the left through hole of the crushing box 2, and then does not affect the subsequent crushing of materials.

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-axis crushing device with an automatic material handling structure, comprising a device support (1), a crushing box (2) is arranged on the left side of the upper surface of the device support (1), characterized in that: A variable frequency motor (3) is arranged on the right side of the crushing box (2), and two variable frequency motors (3) are symmetrically arranged front and back. The power output ends of the two variable frequency motors (3) are both connected to reducers (4) in a transmission manner. The two reducers (4) are arranged on the right side of the upper surface of the equipment support (1). The output ends of the two reducers (4) are both connected to a primary crushing roller in a transmission manner. The primary crushing roller includes a primary crushing roller shaft (5) and a primary crushing tooth (7). A torque sensor (6) is arranged on the circumferential surface of the connection between the output end of the reducer (4) and the primary crushing roller. The primary crushing tooth (7) is arranged on the primary crushing roller shaft. (5), the upper end of the primary crushing tooth (7) is provided with an anti-stuck baffle (8), and the anti-stuck baffle (8) is arranged on the top inner wall of the crushing box (2), the circumferential surface of the right end of the primary crushing roller shaft (5) is provided with a transmission gear (9), the lower end of the transmission gear (9) is connected to a driven gear 2 (12) through a driven gear 1 (10), the left end of the driven gear 2 (12) is provided with a secondary crushing roller, and the secondary crushing roller includes a secondary crushing roller shaft (13) and secondary crushing teeth (14), and the secondary crushing teeth (14) are arranged on the circumferential surface of the secondary crushing roller shaft (13); The torque sensor (6) is used to handle the jamming of materials during mineral crushing. It is pre-set that when the crusher is idling, the signal received by the torque sensor (6) is F, and the value is X, that is, F=X. When the crusher is working normally, the signal received by the torque sensor (6) is F=aX, where a is a variable that changes with the processing volume and particle size, and its maximum value is a max ; When F = a max The duration of its maximum value is T max When encountering foreign matter, the torque sensor (6) receives a signal F = (a + b) X, where the value of b is directly related to the subsequent action of the crushing roller. By judging b, T max to control the movement of the crushing roller and automatically handle the blockage. When it is determined that blockage occurs, the motors will be automatically stopped and manual intervention will be prompted.

2. A multi-axis crushing device with an automatic material jamming processing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material inlet (15) is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the crushing box (2), and a material outlet (16) is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the crushing box (2).

3. The multi-axis crushing device with automatic material handling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A driven shaft (11) is arranged inside the driven gear 1 (10), and the primary crushing roller shaft (5), the secondary crushing roller shaft (13) and the driven shaft (11) are all rotatably mounted inside the crushing box (2).

4. The multi-axis crushing device with automatic material jamming processing structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper ends of the two groups of primary crushing teeth (7) are respectively arranged in an interlaced manner with the lower ends of the two groups of anti-jamming baffles (8), the lower ends of the two groups of primary crushing teeth (7) are respectively arranged in an interlaced manner with the upper ends of the two groups of secondary crushing teeth (14), and the two groups of secondary crushing teeth (14) are arranged in an interlaced manner with each other.

5. The multi-axis crushing device with automatic material handling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The left outer wall of the crushing box (2) is provided with an installation box (17), a cleaning pipe (18) is slidably installed inside the installation box (17), and the cleaning pipe (18) is located above the secondary crushing teeth (14) and between the two primary crushing teeth (7). The left end circumferential surface of the cleaning pipe (18) is provided with an L-shaped connecting plate (21), and the right side of the front end of the L-shaped connecting plate (21) is provided with an electric telescopic rod (22), and the electric telescopic rod (22) is arranged on the upper surface of the crushing box (2). The right end of the cleaning pipe (18) is plugged into the left end of the crushing box (2) through a sealing plate (23), and the right inner wall of the crushing box (2) is provided with a slot (24) matching the sealing plate (23).

6. The multi-axis crushing device with automatic material handling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning pipe (18) is provided with a transverse outlet (19) in the middle of both front and rear ends, and the two transverse outlets (19) are respectively oriented toward the two primary crushing rollers (5); the cleaning pipe (18) is provided with an oblique outlet (20) below both front and rear ends, and the two oblique outlets (20) are respectively oriented toward the two secondary crushing rollers (13); the upper end of the installation box (17) is provided with a movable groove (25), and the movable groove (25) matches the L-shaped connecting plate (21).

7. A multi-axis crushing method with an automatic material handling structure, characterized in that A multi-axis crushing device with an automatic material handling structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1: The mineral to be crushed is fed into the crushing box (2) through the feed port (15), and small pieces of material fall between the secondary crushing rollers, and large pieces of material are crushed between the primary crushing rollers. At the same time, two variable frequency motors (3) are started, and the variable frequency motors (3) drive the reducer (4) to rotate, so that the reducer (4) drives the primary crushing roller shaft (5) to rotate. The primary crushing roller shaft (5) rotates through the transmission gear (9) to drive the primary crushing teeth (7), the driven gear 1 (10), the driven gear 2 (12) and the secondary crushing roller shaft (13) to rotate. The two primary crushing teeth (7) rotate in opposite directions. Large pieces of material are crushed. Part of the material that flies out during the crushing process is blocked by the anti-stuck baffle (8), and then brought back to the space between the crushing rollers by the crushing teeth and re-enters the crushing process. The material crushed by the primary crushing teeth (7) and the small pieces of material enter the secondary crushing teeth (14) together. Driven by the secondary crushing roller shaft (13), the two groups of secondary crushing teeth (14) rotate to further crush the small pieces of material. The crushed qualified material flows out through the gap between the two groups of secondary crushing teeth (14) and is discharged from the crushing box (2) through the discharge port (16), completing the crushing of the minerals. Step 2: During the mineral crushing process, when the crushing roller is stuck, the signal received by the torque sensor (6) on the primary crushing roller shaft (5) is F = (a + b) X. When b ≤ a, the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller begin to reverse. After reversing 1-3 turns, they continue to operate normally. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor (6) exceeds 2 to 5 times of T after the action, max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that there may be material blockage. When a<b≤2a, the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller rotate 1~3 times in reverse, and then rotate 1~3 times forward. This process is repeated 1~3 times. At the same time, the inverter adjusts the power to more than 80% of the full power. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor (6) exceeds 2~5 times of T max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that material blockage may occur. When 2a<b, the frequency converter adjusts the motor power to full power, and the first-stage crushing roller and the second-stage crushing roller rotate 1 to 3 times in reverse, and then rotate 1 to 3 times in the forward direction. This process is repeated 2 to 5 times, and an early warning signal is issued at the same time to remind the operator that material blockage may occur. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor (6) exceeds 2 to 5 times of T after the action, max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that there may be a material blockage. If the duration of the maximum value of the torque sensor (6) exceeds 5 times T max , an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator that material is blocked and the work is automatically stopped; Step 3: After the mineral processing is completed, the equipment is allowed to continue to operate. When the equipment is operating normally, the difference in the number of teeth of the transmission gears between the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing roller causes a certain speed difference between the two. The primary crushing teeth (7) on the primary crushing roller and the secondary crushing teeth (14) on the secondary crushing roller contact each other at the contact point. Due to the different linear speed differences, the side surfaces of the two teeth clean the materials adhering to each other when they contact. There is also a certain speed difference between the two secondary crushing rollers due to the difference in the number of gear teeth. When the crushing teeth on the primary crushing roller pass through the anti-stuck baffle plate (8), the anti-stuck baffle plate (8) removes the materials adhering to the crushing teeth, thereby realizing the self-cleaning of the crushing rollers inside the crushing box (2).

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