Hydrology and water resource surveying device

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrology and water resource surveying device, and belongs to the technical field of hydrology surveying, the hydrology and water resource surveying device comprises an ultrasonic flowmeter and a barrel, the ultrasonic flowmeter is arranged in the barrel, the transmitting end and the collecting end of the ultrasonic flowmeter are arranged downwards along the center line direction of the barrel, and a plurality of buoyancy tanks are fixed at the bottom of the barrel at equal intervals in a surrounding manner; the ultrasonic flowmeter stably suspends right above the water surface through the cylinder and the buoyancy tank, the flow of the water body is measured by the ultrasonic flowmeter, and survey personnel drags the cylinder to move on the water surface by the aid of the traction ropes, so that the flow of the water body is measured, and the flow of the water body is measured by the aid of the traction ropes. According to the invention, the flow of multiple positions can be measured, surveying personnel do not need to repeatedly carry out tedious mounting, dismounting and adjusting work, the convenience of hydrology and water resource surveying operation is improved, and the ultrasonic flowmeter can be prevented from being in contact with water, so that the situations such as short circuit of the ultrasonic flowmeter and the like are prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrological survey, and in particular relates to a hydrological and water resources survey device. Background Art

[0002] Hydrological and water resources surveys mainly include precipitation, evaporation, runoff, and groundwater. Through long-term monitoring and data collection of these elements, hydrological conditions and changing trends can be mastered. Among them, for areas with a large number of rivers and complex water systems in the region, it is necessary to focus on monitoring the runoff of rivers when conducting water resources surveys. By inputting flow parameters into the hydrological model, the hydrological conditions in the basin can be predicted, so as to take preventive measures in advance to avoid floods and other hazards. When monitoring the flow of rivers, hydrological monitoring stations are usually built on the rivers, and flow data is obtained when the water flows through the hydrological monitoring stations. However, for areas with complex water networks, due to the large number of small tributaries such as streams, monitoring the flow through hydrological monitoring stations requires the construction of hydrological monitoring stations in each stream, resulting in a high cost of hydrological surveys.

[0003] At present, when flow monitoring is carried out in a basin with many streams, surveyors mainly carry flow measurement equipment and regularly collect flow data at multiple locations along the waterway of the stream, thereby reducing the cost of hydrological flow survey. Since the ultrasonic flowmeter measures the speed of the water flow by emitting ultrasonic pulses and then obtains the flow of the fluid, the non-contact measurement of the ultrasonic flowmeter is not only suitable for various flow conditions, but also can reduce the corrosion of the measuring equipment during measurement, and is widely used in the flow measurement of various fluids. When collecting flow data, hydrological surveyors often choose to use ultrasonic flowmeters, which fix the ultrasonic flowmeter on the telescopic end of the movable bracket, and then fix the movable bracket on the bank of the waterway measurement position. By adjusting the movable bracket, the ultrasonic flowmeter is suspended in a certain height range directly above the water surface, so that the ultrasonic signal can effectively penetrate the air and reach the water surface almost vertically, thereby ensuring the accuracy of flow measurement. However, each time measurement is performed, the movable bracket needs to be repeatedly fixed and the distance between the ultrasonic flowmeter and the water surface needs to be adjusted, which makes the flow measurement process cumbersome. In addition, when adjusting the height of the ultrasonic flowmeter, an operational error may easily cause the ultrasonic flowmeter to fall into the water, causing a short circuit in the ultrasonic flowmeter. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a hydrological and water resources surveying device to solve the deficiencies in the prior art. The present invention does not require surveyors to repeat tedious installation, disassembly and adjustment work, thereby improving the convenience of hydrological and water resources surveying operations.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a hydrological and water resources surveying device, comprising an ultrasonic flowmeter and a cylinder, wherein the ultrasonic flowmeter is arranged in the cylinder, the transmitting end and the collecting end of the ultrasonic flowmeter are arranged downward along the center line direction of the cylinder, and a plurality of buoyancy boxes are fixed around the bottom of the cylinder at equal intervals so that the cylinder floats vertically on the water surface, so that the distance between the ultrasonic flowmeter and the water surface remains stable, the transmitting end of the ultrasonic flowmeter transmits ultrasonic waves to the water surface, and the collecting end collects reflected ultrasonic waves to measure the flow of water, two traction ropes are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder, one end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to the cylinder, and the movement of the cylinder on the water surface is driven by dragging the traction rope, thereby measuring the flow at multiple positions.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes a guide rope, which passes through the cylinder horizontally. The guide rope is located on one side of the center line of the cylinder, and the two traction ropes are located on the other side of the center line of the cylinder. The cylinder is slidably connected to the guide rope along its length direction.

[0007] Preferably, an annular connecting piece is fixedly mounted on the cylinder, one side edge of the annular connecting piece is a straight line, a through hole is horizontally opened on the side of the annular connecting piece close to the straight line edge, the through hole and the straight line edge are parallel to each other, the guide rope passes through the through hole and is slidably connected to the guide rope, and two traction ropes are fixedly connected to the side of the annular connecting piece away from the straight line edge.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of pairs of guide rollers are horizontally arranged at equal intervals in the through hole, the two guide rollers of each pair are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the through hole, the guide rollers are rotatably connected to the annular connecting piece, the central axis of the guide rollers is perpendicular to the extension direction of the through hole, and the guide ropes pass through between the two guide rollers of each pair and abut against them respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the cross-section of the buoyancy box is fan-shaped, and adjacent buoyancy boxes are located on both sides of the straight side of the fan-shape and abut against each other to form a cylinder. The radius of the fan-shape is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder. A strip slider is horizontally fixed on the side of the buoyancy box close to the ultrasonic flowmeter, and the strip sliders are respectively arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder. A slide groove is opened on the bottom edge of the cylinder, and the strip slider is embedded in the slide groove and slidably connected thereto. A driving mechanism is provided on the cylinder, and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the buoyancy box to drive the buoyancy box to move back and forth along the length direction of the corresponding strip slider.

[0010] Preferably, an annular support plate is horizontally provided in the cylinder and is coaxial with the center line of the cylinder. The annular support plate is slidably connected to the cylinder along the direction of the center line of the cylinder. The ultrasonic flowmeter is fixed on the upper side of the annular support plate. The longitudinal section of the annular support plate is a right-angled trapezoid. The hypotenuse of the right-angled trapezoid is located on the lower side of the annular support plate. The thickness of the annular support plate gradually decreases from one side close to the inner wall of the cylinder to the other side. Support rods are vertically fixed on the upper sides of a plurality of buoyancy tanks close to one end thereof, and the end of the support rod away from the buoyancy tank abuts against the lower side of the annular support plate.

[0011] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes: a plurality of electric telescopic rods and a connecting arm, wherein the plurality of electric telescopic rods are horizontally arranged at equal intervals around the outside of the bottom of the cylinder, the electric telescopic rods are arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder, one end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the cylinder, and the other end is connected to the buoyancy box through the connecting arm.

[0012] Preferably, the heights of the plurality of buoyancy tanks decrease from one end close to each other to the other end.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a hydrological and water resources surveying device, which enables an ultrasonic flowmeter to be stably suspended just above the water surface through a cylinder and a buoyancy box, and uses the ultrasonic flowmeter to measure the flow of the water body. The surveyor then uses a traction rope to drag the cylinder to move on the water surface, and then measures the flow at multiple positions. The surveyor does not need to repeat tedious installation, disassembly and adjustment work, thereby improving the convenience of hydrological and water resources surveying operations and preventing the ultrasonic flowmeter from contacting water, thereby preventing the ultrasonic flowmeter from short-circuiting and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a top view of the surveying device of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 is a front view of the surveying device of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 1 AA section view;

[0017] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 2 BB section view;

[0018] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 2 CC section view;

[0019] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 2 DD section view;

[0020] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention provides a hydrological and water resources survey device, which is combined with Figures 1 to 7 The present invention is described with reference to the structural schematic diagram of FIG.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0023] Hydrological and water resources survey is a process of studying and evaluating the distribution, change patterns and utilization potential of hydrology and water resources through a series of investigation, measurement and analysis methods. The hydrological survey process is usually carried out in various natural environments to provide a scientific basis for water conservancy project planning, environmental protection, water resources management, etc. Hydrological and water resources survey mainly includes precipitation, evaporation, runoff, and groundwater. Through long-term monitoring and data collection of these elements, the hydrological conditions and change trends can be mastered. Among them, for areas with a large number of rivers and complex water systems in the region, it is necessary to focus on monitoring the runoff of rivers when conducting water resources surveys. By inputting flow parameters into the hydrological model, the hydrological conditions in the basin can be predicted, so as to take preventive measures in advance to avoid floods and other hazards. When monitoring the flow of a river, a hydrological monitoring station is usually built on the river, and the flow data is obtained when the water flows through the hydrological monitoring station. However, for areas with complex water networks, due to the large number of small tributaries such as streams, monitoring the flow through hydrological monitoring stations requires the construction of hydrological monitoring stations in each stream, resulting in a high cost of hydrological surveys.

[0024] At present, when flow monitoring is carried out in the case of many streams in the basin, it is mainly carried out by surveyors carrying flow measurement equipment and regularly collecting flow data at multiple locations along the waterway of the stream, thereby reducing the cost of hydrological flow survey. Since the ultrasonic flowmeter measures the speed of the water flow by emitting ultrasonic pulses, and then obtains the flow of the fluid, the non-contact measurement of the ultrasonic flowmeter is not only suitable for various flow conditions, but also can reduce the corrosion of the measuring equipment during measurement, and is widely used in the flow measurement of various fluids. When collecting flow data, hydrological surveyors often choose to use ultrasonic flowmeters, which fix the ultrasonic flowmeter on the telescopic end of the movable bracket, and then fix the movable bracket on the bank of the waterway measurement position. By adjusting the movable bracket, the ultrasonic flowmeter is suspended in a certain height range (10 to 20 cm) directly above the water surface, so that the ultrasonic signal can effectively penetrate the air and reach the water surface almost vertically, thereby ensuring the accuracy of flow measurement. However, each time measurement is performed, the movable bracket needs to be repeatedly fixed and the distance between the ultrasonic flowmeter and the water surface needs to be adjusted, which makes the flow measurement process cumbersome. In addition, when adjusting the height of the ultrasonic flowmeter, an operational error may easily cause the ultrasonic flowmeter to fall into the water, causing a short circuit in the ultrasonic flowmeter.

[0025] Based on the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrological and water resources surveying device, which uses a cylinder and a buoyancy box to stably suspend an ultrasonic flowmeter just above the water surface, and uses the ultrasonic flowmeter to measure the flow of the water body. The surveyor then uses a traction rope to drag the cylinder to move on the water surface, and then measures the flow at multiple positions. There is no need for the surveyor to repeat tedious installation, disassembly and adjustment work, which improves the convenience of hydrological and water resources surveying operations and can prevent the ultrasonic flowmeter from contacting water, thereby preventing the ultrasonic flowmeter from short-circuiting. The surveying device of the present invention is easy to use, has high stability, and is highly practical, and is worthy of promotion.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a top view of the survey device of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, a hydrological and water resources surveying device comprises an ultrasonic flowmeter 1 and a cylinder 2. The ultrasonic flowmeter 1 is arranged in the cylinder 2. The transmitting end and the collecting end of the ultrasonic flowmeter 1 are arranged downward along the center line direction of the cylinder 2. A plurality of buoyancy boxes 3 are fixed around the bottom of the cylinder 2 at equal intervals so that the cylinder 2 floats vertically on the water surface, so that the distance between the ultrasonic flowmeter 1 and the water surface remains stable. The transmitting end of the ultrasonic flowmeter 1 transmits ultrasonic waves to the water surface, and the collecting end collects the reflected ultrasonic waves to measure the flow of water. Two traction ropes 4 are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder 2, and one end of the traction rope 4 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 2. The traction rope 4 is dragged to drive the cylinder 2 to move on the water surface, thereby measuring the flow at multiple positions.

[0027] The hydrological and water resources surveying device proposed in this embodiment is mainly used for flow survey of waterways with complex water network and mainly streams in the basin. When the surveyors collect the flow regularly, they fix the ultrasonic flow meter 1 in the cylinder 2 in advance, and make the transmitting end and collecting end of the ultrasonic flow meter 1 downward along the center line direction of the cylinder 2. During the measurement process, the cylinder 2 is slowly placed on the water surface of the stream. The cylinder 2 floats vertically on the water surface by using the buoyancy box at the bottom. The surveyors stand on the banks of both sides of the stream and drive the cylinder 2 to move to the flow measurement point on the water surface by dragging the traction rope 4. Then, by pulling the two traction ropes 4 away from each other, the two traction ropes 4 are tightened so that the cylinder 2 is at the measurement point and remains stable. The transmitting end of the ultrasonic flow meter 1 is moved to Ultrasonic waves are emitted from the water surface, and the collection end collects the reflected ultrasonic waves to obtain the flow rate of the water at that position, and then the flow data is calculated by the flow rate and the measurement cross-sectional area. After the measurement of the current measurement point is completed, the surveyor drives the cylinder 2 to move on the water surface to the next measurement point by dragging the traction rope 4, and then measures the flow at multiple positions. There is no need for the surveyor to repeat the tedious installation, disassembly and adjustment work. At the same time, the buoyancy of the water is used to carry the cylinder 2 and the ultrasonic flowmeter 1 during the survey process, so as to avoid the surveyor carrying the survey equipment to move, thereby improving the convenience of hydrological and water resources survey operations. The distance between the ultrasonic flowmeter and the water surface is always within a safe range, which can prevent the ultrasonic flowmeter from contacting the water, thereby preventing the ultrasonic flowmeter from short-circuiting and the like.

[0028] When the hydrological and water resources survey device in this embodiment measures flow, in order to ensure the normal operation of the ultrasonic flowmeter, a power supply, a data storage device, a controller, a wireless signal transmitter and other devices are also provided inside the cylinder 2, so that the surveyors on the shore can start the ultrasonic flowmeter 1 for measurement when they arrive at the measuring point. The above-mentioned devices are widely used in the prior art, and those skilled in the art can choose the specifications and models for use according to their needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0029] As a further optimization scheme, the present embodiment also includes a guide rope 5, which passes horizontally through the cylinder 2. The guide rope 5 is located on one side of the center line of the cylinder 2, and the two traction ropes 4 are located on the other side of the center line of the cylinder 2. The cylinder 2 is slidingly connected to the guide rope 5 along its length direction.

[0030] In this embodiment, by arranging a guide rope 5 on the cylinder 2, the surveyors on both sides of the shore can use the guide rope 5 and the traction rope 4 to form a stretcher-type traction, so that the cylinder can be kept in a vertical state during measurement. At the same time, when the slope of the waterway is large, the stretcher-type traction can be used to separate the cylinder 2 from the water surface and briefly move across the area. In addition, the cylinder 2 slides on the guide rope 5, which facilitates the adjustment of the position of the cylinder 2 in the width direction of the waterway, further improving the ease of use.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 , Figure 2 is a front view of the surveying device of this embodiment, Figure 4 FIG. BB is a cross-sectional view of the survey device of this embodiment. Figure 2 , 4 As shown, as a further optimization scheme, in this embodiment, an annular connector 6 is fixedly mounted on the cylinder 2, one side edge of the annular connector 6 is a straight line, a through hole 61 is horizontally opened on the side of the annular connector 6 close to the straight line edge, the through hole 61 and the straight line edge are parallel to each other, the guide rope 5 passes through the through hole 61 and is slidably connected thereto, and the two traction ropes 4 are fixedly connected to the side of the annular connector 6 away from the straight line edge.

[0032] In this embodiment, a through hole 61 is used to set the straight edge rope of the annular connector 6, and the guide rope 5 passes through the through hole 61 to realize the change from point support to line support of the cylinder 2, thereby further improving the support stability of the cylinder 2. At the same time, the annular connector 6 is used to increase the distance between the guide rope 6 and the two traction ropes 4, thereby further improving the stability of dragging the cylinder 2 on the water surface.

[0033] In this embodiment, two U-shaped connecting seats 63 are arranged on the side of the annular connecting member 6 away from the through hole 61. The bottom of the U-shaped connecting seat 63 is fixedly connected to the annular connecting member 6. The connecting shaft 64 is vertically arranged in the U-shaped connecting seat 63 and fixedly connected thereto. The horizontal section of the T-shaped shaft sleeve 65 is coaxially sleeved on the connecting shaft 64 and slidably connected thereto. An internal threaded hole is opened on the tip of the T-shaped shaft sleeve 65. A stud 66 is fixed to one end of the traction rope 4, and the stud 66 is fixedly connected to the internal threaded hole by threaded cooperation.

[0034] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the survey device at E in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 7 As shown, as a further optimization scheme, in this embodiment, a plurality of pairs of guide rollers 62 are horizontally provided with equal intervals in the through hole 61, and the two guide rollers 62 of each pair are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the through hole 61, and the guide rollers 62 are rotatably connected to the annular connecting member 6, and the central axis of the guide roller 62 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the through hole 61, and the guide rope 5 passes through between the two guide rollers 62 of each pair and abuts against them respectively.

[0035] In this embodiment, guide rollers 62 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the through hole 61 to improve the smoothness of sliding between the guide rope 5 and the annular connector 6, thereby preventing the guide rope 5 from being severely worn and broken during use.

[0036] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5This is a CC cross-sectional view of the survey device of this embodiment, Figure 6 DD is a cross-sectional view of the survey device of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 , 6 As shown, as a further optimization scheme, the cross-section of the buoyancy box 3 in this embodiment is fan-shaped, and adjacent buoyancy boxes 3 are located on both sides of the straight side of the fan-shaped and abut each other to form a cylinder. The radius of the fan-shaped is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder 2. A strip slider 31 is horizontally fixed on one side of the buoyancy box 3 close to the ultrasonic flowmeter 1. The strip sliders 31 are arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder 2. A slide groove 21 is opened on the bottom edge of the cylinder 2. The strip slider 31 is embedded in the slide groove 21 and is slidably connected thereto. A driving mechanism is provided on the cylinder 2, and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the buoyancy box 3 to drive the buoyancy box 3 to move back and forth along the length direction of the corresponding strip slider 31.

[0037] In this embodiment, multiple floats 3 with fan-shaped cross-sections are slidably connected to the cylinder 2 by means of a strip slider 31 and a slide groove 21, and a driving mechanism is used to achieve synchronous diffusion or contraction of multiple floats 3, so that when the cylinder 2 is dragged to move, the floats 3 are contracted to form a cylinder, which not only improves the buoyancy support effect on the cylinder 2, but also avoids water splashing inside the cylinder onto the ultrasonic flowmeter 1 during movement. At the same time, after reaching the measuring point, the driving mechanism is used to drive the floats 3 to diffuse and move outward, so that the ultrasonic flowmeter 1 can measure normally, thereby improving the stability of flow measurement.

[0038] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 FIG. 2 is an AA cross-sectional view of the survey device of this embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, as a further optimization scheme, in this embodiment, an annular support plate 22 is horizontally provided in the cylinder 2 and is coaxial with the center line of the cylinder 2. The annular support plate 22 is slidably connected to the cylinder 2 along the center line direction. The ultrasonic flowmeter 1 is fixed on the upper side of the annular support plate 22. The longitudinal section of the annular support plate 22 is a right-angled trapezoid. The hypotenuse of the right-angled trapezoid is located on the lower side of the annular support plate 22. The thickness of the annular support plate 22 gradually decreases from one side close to the inner wall of the cylinder 2 to the other side. Support rods 32 are vertically fixed on the upper sides of the multiple buoyancy boxes 3 close to one end thereof, and the support rods 32 are abutted against the lower side of the annular support plate 22 at one end away from the buoyancy box 3.

[0039] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic flowmeter 1 is carried by the annular support plate 22. The output and collection end of the ultrasonic flowmeter 1 generates ultrasonic signals from the inner side of the annular support plate 22 and collects reflected ultrasonic signals. At the same time, the float 3 uses the support rod 32 to move the annular support plate 22 upward when it is retracted, so as to further prevent water from splashing onto the ultrasonic flowmeter 1. After reaching the measuring point and the cylinder 2 is stable, the driving mechanism drives the float 3 to diffuse outward, so as to move the annular support plate 22 downward, so that the output and collection end of the ultrasonic flowmeter 1 maintain a suitable distance from the water surface, so that the ultrasonic signal can effectively penetrate the air and reach the water surface almost vertically and be reflected back.

[0040] In this embodiment, a limiting groove 23 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 2 along the center line thereof, and a limiting block is fixed on the outer side of the annular support plate 22 , and the limiting block is inserted into the limiting groove 23 and slidably connected thereto.

[0041] As a further optimization scheme, the driving mechanism in this embodiment includes a plurality of electric telescopic rods 33 and a connecting arm 34. The plurality of electric telescopic rods 33 are horizontally arranged at equal intervals around the bottom outer side of the cylinder 2. The electric telescopic rods 33 are arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder 2. One end of the electric telescopic rod 33 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 2, and the other end is connected to the buoyancy box 3 through the connecting arm 34.

[0042] In this embodiment, the electric telescopic rod 33 and the connecting arm 34 are used to drive the pontoon 3 to move. The connecting arm 34 is L-shaped, and the horizontal end of the connecting arm 34 is fixedly connected to the pontoon 3, and the vertical end of the connecting arm 34 is fixedly connected to the electric telescopic rod 33.

[0043] As a further optimization solution, in this embodiment, the heights of the plurality of pontoons 3 decrease from one end close to each other to the other end.

[0044] In this embodiment, the bottom of the buoyancy box 3 is arc-shaped, so that the bottom of the cylinder formed by folding a plurality of buoyancy boxes 3 is conical, thereby further improving the stability of the towing cylinder 2 moving on the water surface.

[0045] The above disclosure is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrological and water resources survey device, comprising: The ultrasonic flow meter (1) is characterized by further comprising: A cylinder (2), wherein the ultrasonic flowmeter (1) is arranged in the cylinder (2), and the transmitting end and the collecting end of the ultrasonic flowmeter (1) are arranged downward along the center line direction of the cylinder (2); A plurality of buoyancy boxes (3) are fixed around the bottom of the cylinder (2) at equal intervals, so that the cylinder (2) floats vertically on the water surface, so that the distance between the ultrasonic flow meter (1) and the water surface remains stable. The transmitting end of the ultrasonic flow meter (1) transmits ultrasonic waves to the water surface, and the collecting end collects the reflected ultrasonic waves to measure the flow of water; Two traction ropes (4) are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder (2); one end of the traction rope (4) is fixedly connected to the cylinder (2); the cylinder (2) is driven to move on the water surface by dragging the traction rope (4), thereby measuring the flow at multiple positions.

2. The hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A guide rope (5) passes through the cylinder (2) horizontally, the guide rope (5) is located on one side of the center line of the cylinder (2), and two traction ropes (4) are located on the other side of the center line of the cylinder (2), and the cylinder (2) is slidably connected with the guide rope (5) along the length direction thereof.

3. The hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular connecting member (6) is fixedly mounted on the cylinder (2), one side edge of the annular connecting member (6) is a straight line, a through hole (61) is horizontally opened on the side of the annular connecting member (6) close to the straight line edge, the through hole (61) and the straight line edge are parallel to each other, the guide rope (5) passes through the through hole (61) and is slidably connected thereto, and two traction ropes (4) are fixedly connected to the side of the annular connecting member (6) away from the straight line edge.

4. The hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The through hole (61) is horizontally provided with a plurality of pairs of guide rollers (62) at equal intervals, and the two guide rollers (62) of each pair are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the through hole (61). The guide rollers (62) are rotatably connected to the annular connecting member (6), and the central axis of the guide roller (62) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the through hole (61). The guide rope (5) passes through between the two guide rollers (62) of each pair and abuts against them respectively.

5. The hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the buoyancy box (3) is fan-shaped, and adjacent buoyancy boxes (3) are located on both sides of the straight side of the fan and abut against each other to form a cylinder. The radius of the fan is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder (2). A strip slider (31) is horizontally fixedly provided on the side of the buoyancy box (3) close to the ultrasonic flow meter (1). The strip sliders (31) are arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder (2). A slide groove (21) is opened on the bottom edge of the cylinder (2). The strip slider (31) is embedded in the slide groove (21) and is slidably connected thereto. A driving mechanism is provided on the cylinder (2), and the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the buoyancy box (3) to drive the buoyancy box (3) to move back and forth along the length direction of the corresponding strip slider (31).

6. The hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular support plate (22) is horizontally arranged in the cylinder (2) and is coaxial with the center line of the cylinder (2). The annular support plate (22) is slidably connected to the cylinder (2) along the center line direction. The ultrasonic flowmeter (1) is fixed on the upper side of the annular support plate (22). The longitudinal section of the annular support plate (22) is a right-angled trapezoid. The hypotenuse of the right-angled trapezoid is located on the lower side of the annular support plate (22). The thickness of the annular support plate (22) gradually decreases from one side close to the inner wall of the cylinder (2) to the other side. Support rods (32) are respectively vertically fixed on the upper sides of the ends of the plurality of buoyancy boxes (3) close to each other. The end of the support rod (32) away from the buoyancy box (3) abuts against the lower side of the annular support plate (22).

7. The hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises: a plurality of electric telescopic rods (33) and a connecting arm (34); the plurality of electric telescopic rods (33) are horizontally arranged at equal intervals around the outside of the bottom of the cylinder (2); the electric telescopic rods (33) are arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder (2); one end of the electric telescopic rod (33) is fixedly connected to the cylinder (2), and the other end is connected to the buoyancy box (3) via the connecting arm (34).

8. The hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heights of the plurality of buoyancy boxes (3) decrease from one end close to each other to the other end.

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