Sand mold casting device for special-shaped part and using method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sand mold casting forming, and discloses a sand mold casting device for a special-shaped workpiece and a using method.The device comprises a casting sand mold, a casting mold cavity is formed in the casting sand mold, a temperature sensor is embedded in the casting sand mold, the casting sand mold is connected with an attached casting radiator sand mold, and the attached casting radiator sand mold is connected with the casting mold cavity; a casting accessory casting part cavity is formed in the accessory casting radiator sand mold, a pipeline radiator is embedded in the casting accessory casting part cavity, the casting accessory casting part cavity is communicated with the casting cavity, the pipeline radiator is provided with a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end, the liquid inlet end of the pipeline radiator is connected with a cooling liquid pipeline, and the liquid outlet end of the pipeline radiator is connected with a cooling liquid outlet. And the cooling liquid pipeline is provided with a flow control device. The auxiliary casting part is arranged beside the needed casting, temperature control is conducted through the auxiliary casting part, and temperature field control and rapid solidification cooling are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sand casting, and in particular relates to a sand casting device for special-shaped parts and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] For traditional casting process methods, 3D sand casting can achieve rapid prototyping, but the temperature field control during the casting process is difficult, resulting in the microstructure of the casting parts being difficult to meet the ideal requirements and unable to meet the molding needs of complex special-shaped parts.

[0003] Metal mold casting can control the temperature field distribution through heating and cooling pipelines, but the temperature field control technology is complex, the process design is difficult, the mold manufacturing cycle is long, the processing cost is high, and it often takes multiple optimization and mold repairs to obtain satisfactory internal quality and organization. It is difficult to meet the needs of rapid model development and multi-variety, small-batch R&D.

[0004] The Chinese patent publication number is CN113042685A, and the name is a patent application for a 3DP sand casting process suitable for complex thin-walled components of ZL205A aluminum alloy. The method includes: first, using 3D drawing software to design the pouring system of the casting to obtain the 3D structure of the casting, and obtain the casting 3D printing slice data; then slicing the data, using silica sand with a mesh size of 70-140, furan resin as a binder, and toluene sulfuric acid as a catalyst, using a 3D printer to print the 3DP sand mold; setting printing parameters: the printing layer thickness is 0.28mm, and the resin content is 1.5wt.%; then, the 3DP sand mold is cleaned, dried and molded, a layer of water-based zircon powder coating is applied to the inner wall of the 3DP sand mold, and it is dried at a temperature of 120-130℃ for 2.5-3 hours and cooled with the furnace; finally, the ZL205A alloy is melted, and the temperature is reduced to 725±5℃ for casting; after the casting solidifies, the casting is cleaned to obtain the casting. This patent application cannot solve the problems of low heat dissipation coefficient of sand mold, low heat dissipation efficiency, difficult to control temperature field and long solidification time. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sand casting device and a method for using special-shaped parts, by arranging an additional casting component next to the required casting, and controlling the temperature through the additional casting component to achieve temperature field control and rapid solidification and cooling.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a sand casting device for special-shaped parts, comprising: a casting sand mold, wherein the casting sand mold has a casting cavity, wherein a temperature sensor is embedded in the casting sand mold, wherein the casting sand mold is connected to a cast radiator sand mold, wherein the cast radiator sand mold has a casting cast part cavity, wherein a pipe radiator is embedded in the casting cast part cavity, wherein the casting cast part cavity is connected to the casting cavity, wherein the pipe radiator has a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end, wherein the liquid inlet end of the pipe radiator is connected to a coolant pipe, and wherein the coolant pipe has a flow control device.

[0007] Optionally, the pipe radiator is a spiral copper tube.

[0008] Optionally, the mold cavity of the casting attachment part is a cylindrical annular groove.

[0009] Optionally, the casting attachment part cavity is arranged at the bottom of the casting cavity.

[0010] Optionally, the casting sand mold and the attached radiator sand mold are both manufactured by inkjet 3D printing.

[0011] Optionally, the liquid outlet end of the pipe radiator is connected to a drainage pipe.

[0012] Optionally, the pipe radiator is connected to a circulating water cooling device, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the pipe radiator are both connected to the circulating water cooling device.

[0013] Optionally, there are a plurality of temperature sensors, which are buried at different depths in the casting sand mold.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the sand casting device for a special-shaped part, comprising the following steps: The pipe radiator is buried in the cavity of the casting attachment part; Casting is performed on the casting cavity and the casting attachment cavity of the casting; during the casting process, the casting temperature is displayed by a temperature sensor, and the flow rate of the coolant pipeline is controlled by a flow control device; After the casting is completed, the attached casting structure in the mold cavity of the attached casting part of the casting is removed to obtain the casting.

[0015] Optionally, after the casting is completed, the sand mold is cleaned after the casting solidifies, and the attached casting structure in the mold cavity of the attached casting part of the casting is removed by cutting.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Sand casting is convenient for modeling, has low auxiliary material cost, and does not require expensive metal molds, so it is especially suitable for small batch production. However, it also has the disadvantages of low sand mold heat dissipation coefficient, low heat dissipation efficiency, difficult to control temperature field, and long solidification time.

[0017] The sand casting device and use method of special-shaped parts proposed in the present invention can effectively solve the above-mentioned disadvantages and problems, while achieving effective control of heat exchange and temperature field, accelerating the cooling and solidification process, and being more conducive to achieving sequential solidification. Furthermore, the sand casting device and use method of special-shaped parts proposed in the present invention achieve the casting cooling capacity of the metal mold, which is more conducive to achieving sequential solidification, greatly improving the mechanical properties of the casting, and saving the design and manufacturing costs of manufacturing the metal mold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings described herein are for explanation purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components in the drawings are only for illustration purposes to help understand the present invention, and are not intended to specifically limit the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional view of a sand casting device for a special-shaped part of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of a sand casting device for a special-shaped part according to the present invention; Among them, 1: casting cavity, 2: pipe radiator, 3: temperature sensor, 4: casting sand mold, 5: casting auxiliary casting part cavity, 6: auxiliary casting radiator sand mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may also be a central element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiments. If the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly tilted.

[0022] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent figures. In the description of the present invention, it is understood that the terms "include" and "comprise" indicate the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or their collections.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms of "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0024] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, a sand casting device for special-shaped parts of the present invention comprises: a casting sand mold 4, wherein the casting sand mold 4 has a casting cavity 1, wherein a temperature sensor 3 is buried in the casting sand mold 4, wherein the casting sand mold 4 is connected to a cast radiator sand mold 6, wherein the cast radiator sand mold 6 has a casting cast part cavity 5, wherein a pipe radiator 2 is buried in the casting cast part cavity 5, wherein the casting cast part cavity 5 is communicated with the casting cavity 1, wherein the pipe radiator 2 has a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end, wherein the liquid inlet end of the pipe radiator 2 is connected to a coolant pipeline, wherein the coolant pipeline has a flow control device.

[0026] The pipe radiator 2 is a spiral copper tube. The casting attachment part cavity 5 is a columnar annular groove. The casting attachment part cavity 5 is arranged at the bottom of the casting cavity 1.

[0027] The casting sand mold 4 and the attached radiator sand mold 6 are both manufactured by inkjet 3D printing. Inkjet 3D printing is an additive manufacturing method that uses an inkjet print head to accurately control the ink jet and solidification speed to achieve 3D printing. This method uses a nozzle to spray a binder to bond powder to form a shape.

[0028] The pipe radiator 2 is connected to a circulating water cooling device, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the pipe radiator 2 are both connected to the circulating water cooling device. The liquid outlet end of the pipe radiator 2 is connected to a drain pipe. The circulating water cooling device is a cooling water system that uses water as a cooling medium and circulates. After the cold water flows through the pipe radiator 2 that needs to be cooled, the temperature rises. If it is discharged, the cold water can only be used once. By allowing the heated cold water to flow through the pipe radiator 2 to lower the water temperature, and then sending it back to the pipe radiator 2 for reuse, the amount of cold water used can be reduced.

[0029] A sand mold is a casting cavity made of raw sand and binder during the casting production process.

[0030] The casting sand mold is a casting cavity made of raw sand, binder and other auxiliary materials in the casting production process.

[0031] Sand casting is a method of casting in which molten metal is poured into a mold to fill the mold cavity, then solidified and cooled. After the metal is completely solidified, demoulding is performed to remove the casting from the mold.

[0032] A sand casting device for a special-shaped part of the present invention, when used, comprises the following steps: The pipeline radiator 2 is buried in the casting attachment part cavity 5, and the casting cavity 1 and the casting attachment part cavity 5 are cast; during the casting process, the casting temperature is displayed by the temperature sensor 3, and the flow rate of the coolant pipeline is controlled by the flow control device.

[0033] After the casting is completed, the attached casting structure in the casting attachment part cavity 5 is removed to obtain the casting.

[0034] The method of rapid casting of complex special-shaped parts by 3D printing of sand molds based on an attached cast heat sink proposed in the present invention can effectively solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and problems, while achieving effective control of heat exchange and temperature field, accelerating the cooling and solidification process, and being more conducive to achieving sequential solidification. Furthermore, the method for using a sand casting device for special-shaped parts proposed in the present invention achieves the casting cooling capability of a metal mold, is more conducive to sequential solidification, greatly improves the mechanical properties of the casting, and saves the design and manufacturing costs of manufacturing the metal mold. Example 1 The sand casting device of a special-shaped part of the present embodiment comprises a casting sand mold 4, wherein the casting sand mold 4 has a casting cavity 1, and a portion of an attached casting structure extends from the casting cavity 1, and cooling and temperature control are achieved through the attached casting structure. The attached casting structure comprises an attached casting radiator sand mold 6.

[0035] The cast-in-place radiator sand mold 6 has a casting-in-place part cavity 5, in which a pipe radiator 2 is buried. The casting-in-place part cavity 5 is connected to the casting cavity 1, and the pipe radiator 2 has a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end. The liquid inlet end of the pipe radiator 2 is connected to a coolant pipe, and the coolant pipe has a flow control device.

[0036] The attached casting structure of this embodiment is provided with a pipeline radiator 2 having a melting point higher than that of the cast molten material.

[0037] The connection part of the attached casting structure with the casting cavity 1 is connected to the empty wall with the largest cross-sectional area on the casting cavity 1 to ensure the heat dissipation power, and at the same time, it can also ensure that the casting attached casting part cavity 5 has enough volume to accommodate the pipe radiator 2 to ensure the heat exchange capacity. The attached casting structure serves as the main channel for the cooling heat loss of the casting.

[0038] Specifically, the casting attachment part cavity 5 is a cylindrical annular groove.

[0039] In this embodiment, a plurality of temperature sensors 3 are embedded in the casting sand mold 4 .

[0040] Optionally, in this embodiment, the temperature sensor 3 is a thermocouple or a thermal resistor. During the casting process, the thermocouple can be inserted into the sand mold to directly measure the temperature inside the sand mold. The thermal resistor measures the temperature by the characteristic that the resistance value changes with temperature. In sand casting, the thermal resistor can be used to measure the temperature on the surface or inside of the sand mold to help control the temperature change during the casting process.

[0041] Specifically, the pipe radiator 2 is a metal pipe with a melting point higher than that of molten metal and high heat transfer coefficient and heat dissipation performance. A cooling fluid with a controllable flow rate flows through the pipe of the pipe radiator 2 .

[0042] Optionally, the pipe radiator 2 is a spiral copper tube.

[0043] Specifically, during sand molding, a 3D printing sand molding process is used to avoid sand mold assembly and achieve high-precision, rapid molding of complex structures. The casting sand mold 4 and the attached radiator sand mold 6 are both manufactured using inkjet 3D printing.

[0044] In the sand casting device for special-shaped parts of the present embodiment, before casting, the pipe radiator 2 is pre-placed in the casting part cavity 5 of the casting structure, and the cooling fluid source is connected through the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the pipe radiator 2, and the flow control device of the cooling fluid is connected at the same time to realize the adjustment and control of the cooling capacity.

[0045] The sand casting device for a special-shaped part of the present embodiment casts the casting and the attached structure at one time during casting, and realizes forced cooling by adjusting the flow control device of the cooling fluid, so that the sand casting can achieve the effect of rapid sequential solidification.

[0046] The method for using the sand casting device for a special-shaped part described in this embodiment includes the following steps: The pipe radiator 2 is placed in the casting part cavity 5 of the casting structure, and connected to a cooling fluid source pipe with controllable flow. After the casting sand mold 4 and the attached radiator sand mold 6 are ready, casting is performed, and a cooling fluid source with controllable flow rate is connected to force cooling, and the flow rate of the cooling fluid is adjusted according to the temperature change of the temperature sensor 3.

[0047] Example 2 Combine the following Figure 1 The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the sand casting device for a special-shaped part, the cooling fluid is a coolant, the required casting is a complex aluminum alloy shell casting for an aircraft engine, and the material is ZL101A material. ZL101A is an aluminum alloy, the material name is ZAlSi7MgA, the alloy code is ZL101A, and the standard is GB / T1173-2013. ZL101A is an improved version of ZL101 alloy, and it has higher mechanical properties than ZL101 alloy.

[0049] The casting sand mold 4 and the attached radiator sand mold 6 are both manufactured by inkjet 3D printing. The attached casting part cavity 5 of the casting is a cylindrical annular groove.

[0050] In this embodiment, temperature sensors 3 are respectively buried in different depths of the casting sand mold 4, and multiple temperature sensors 3 are arranged at equal intervals.

[0051] By combining the attached casting structure with the casting sand mold 4, a sand mold model having the characteristic of sequential solidification is formed.

[0052] According to the inkjet 3D printing molding process, a casting sand mold 4 for casting is manufactured; after completing various preparations before pouring the aluminum alloy, the pipe radiator 2 is placed in the casting part cavity 5 of the casting radiator sand mold 6, and the pipe radiator 2 includes a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet.

[0053] The liquid inlet end of the pipe radiator 2 is connected to a coolant pipe, the liquid outlet end of the pipe radiator 2 is connected to a drain pipe, and the coolant pipe is connected to a flow control device.

[0054] Furthermore, the pipe radiator 2 is connected to a circulating water cooling device, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet ends of the pipe radiator 2 are both connected to the circulating water cooling device. Specifically, the circulating water cooling device is connected to the liquid inlet end of the pipe radiator 2 through a coolant pipe, and is connected to the liquid outlet end of the pipe radiator 2 through a discharge pipe.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, the casting attachment part cavity 5 is a cylindrical cavity with a solid cylinder in the center, that is, a cylindrical annular groove, and two cylindrical groove bodies are connected to the top of the cylindrical cavity. The solid cylindrical cavity in the center is used to place the pipe radiator 2. The two cylindrical groove bodies are used to place the coolant pipe and the drain pipe. Further, the two cylindrical groove bodies are located in the same plane as the top of the cylindrical annular groove. Further, the coolant pipe and the drain pipe are parallel to each other, and the two cylindrical groove bodies are parallel to each other.

[0056] Specifically, the pipe radiator 2 has a spiral pipe fitting, and the spiral pipe fitting is wound into a hollow cylinder, and the top end of the spiral pipe fitting is connected to the coolant pipe, and the bottom end of the spiral pipe fitting is connected to the drain pipe, and the coolant pipe, the drain pipe and the spiral pipe fitting are all closed pipes.

[0057] Specifically, the outer diameter of the cylindrical annular groove of the casting attachment part cavity 5 is larger than the outer diameter of the pipe radiator 2 , and the inner diameter of the cylindrical annular groove of the casting attachment part cavity 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe radiator 2 .

[0058] Specifically, the circulating water cooling device is a closed-loop cooling liquid device, in which the cooling liquid circulates and exchanges heat with the outside through the cooler device to achieve a cooling effect. The closed-loop cooling liquid device has a heat exchanger, a flow meter, a flow regulating valve and a water pump. The function of the heat exchanger is to transfer the heat generated by the device to the cooling liquid, thereby reducing the temperature.

[0059] Optionally, the pipe radiator 2 is a spiral copper tube.

[0060] The sand casting device for a special-shaped part of the present embodiment forms a casting and an attached structure by casting aluminum alloy melt at one time during the casting process.

[0061] During the solidification process of the sand mold, the thick part of the sand mold can be inserted with the temperature sensor 3 reserved on the casting sand mold 4. During the test, the temperature is displayed according to the temperature sensor 3, and the flow rate of the coolant is adjusted in real time according to the temperature to realize the sequential solidification control of the casting.

[0062] After the casting solidifies, the sand mold is cleaned and the bottom casting structure is cut off to obtain the desired casting.

[0063] Unless otherwise specified, the device elements involved in the above embodiments are all conventional device elements, and the structural settings, working modes or control modes involved are all conventional settings, working modes or control modes in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in the field should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand casting device for special-shaped parts, characterized in that: include: A casting sand mold (4), wherein the casting sand mold (4) comprises a casting mold cavity (1), wherein a temperature sensor (3) is embedded in the casting sand mold (4), wherein the casting sand mold (4) is connected to a cast radiator sand mold (6), wherein the cast radiator sand mold (6) comprises a casting cast part mold cavity (5), wherein a pipe radiator (2) is embedded in the casting cast part mold cavity (5), wherein the casting cast part mold cavity (5) is connected to the casting mold cavity (1), wherein the pipe radiator (2) comprises a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end, wherein the liquid inlet end of the pipe radiator (2) is connected to a coolant pipeline, wherein the coolant pipeline has a flow control device.

2. The sand casting device for special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe radiator (2) is a spiral copper pipe.

3. The sand casting device for special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casting attachment part cavity (5) is a columnar annular groove.

4. The sand casting device for special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casting additional casting part cavity (5) is arranged at the bottom of the casting cavity (1).

5. The sand casting device for special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casting sand mold (4) and the attached radiator sand mold (6) are both manufactured by inkjet 3D printing.

6. The sand casting device for special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid outlet end of the pipe radiator (2) is connected to a liquid discharge pipe.

7. The sand casting device for special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe radiator (2) is connected to a circulating water cooling device, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the pipe radiator (2) are both connected to the circulating water cooling device.

8. The sand casting device for special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of temperature sensors (3), which are buried at different depths in the casting sand mold (4).

9. A method for using a sand casting device for a special-shaped part according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The pipe radiator (2) is embedded in the casting cavity (5); Casting is performed on the casting cavity (1) and the casting attachment cavity (5); during the casting process, the casting temperature is displayed by a temperature sensor (3), and the flow rate of the coolant pipeline is controlled by a flow control device; After the casting is completed, the attached casting structure in the casting attached casting part cavity (5) is removed to obtain the casting.

10. The method for using the sand casting device for special-shaped parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the casting is completed, the sand mold is cleaned after the casting solidifies, and the attached casting structure in the mold cavity (5) of the attached casting part of the casting is removed by cutting.

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