Underground and underground combined wet-type concrete injection system and flow mixer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wet-type concrete spraying of underground roadways of coal mines, and particularly provides an underground combined wet-type concrete spraying system and a flow mixer. The specific working process of the underground combined wet-type concrete injection system comprises the steps that on the ground, various dry materials and additives are added into a dry material mixer through a dry material mixing system to be evenly mixed to form a dry mixed material, and then the evenly mixed dry mixed material is packaged through a dry material packaging machine; unpacking and concrete preparation are carried out underground, and then wet concrete is conveyed to a guniting system for guniting operation. A flow mixer comprises an output pipe, a taper pipe, an input pipe and an air guide pipe. According to the scheme, an existing dry spraying process and an existing wet spraying process can be replaced, the supporting strength is effectively improved, meanwhile, the problem that the dust concentration in a roadway is high during guniting construction is solved, and the body health of workers is better facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wet concrete spraying in underground coal mine tunnels, and in particular provides an underground and underground combined wet concrete spraying system and a mixer. Background Art

[0002] In coal mining, underground tunnel construction faces problems such as easy weathering and crushing of surrounding rocks, low strength, and difficult support. Therefore, timely reinforcement of surrounding rocks is crucial. Shotcrete is a commonly used support method that aims to seal the surrounding rocks and enhance their strength. At present, concrete shotcrete technology mainly includes three processes: dry shotcrete, damp shotcrete, and wet shotcrete. The dry shotcrete process involves manually mixing dry materials and then transporting them with compressed air, but the mixing is uneven and the quality of the concrete is unstable. The damp shotcrete process moistens the aggregate by pre-adding a small amount of water to reduce dust, but there are also problems of uneven mixing and low strength. The wet shotcrete process mixes the dry materials into concrete slurry and transports them by pumping or screw extrusion. It has the advantages of less dust, uniform concrete quality and high strength, but requires special equipment.

[0003] At present, mine tunnels mainly use dry or wet spraying processes, which have problems such as high rebound rate, large amount of dust, low efficiency and high labor intensity, which have a great impact on the health of workers. These processes lead to unstable concrete quality, low strength, and easy shedding. A few mines use commercial concrete trucks to transport concrete prepared on the ground. Although wet spraying is achieved, the cost is high and the transportation volume is limited. Direct transportation of dry mix can reduce the pressure of auxiliary transportation, but it will generate dust, affect air quality, and make unloading difficult, increase labor intensity and secondary dust problems.

[0004] Coal mine shotcrete equipment usually uses a rotor structure and compressed air power, but there are problems such as large rebound, excessive dust and low concrete strength. To solve these problems, national regulators have banned the use of dry shotcrete machines and promoted wet shotcrete machines.

[0005] In summary, it is necessary to develop a set of above-and-below combined wet concrete spraying process technology and supporting equipment to realize an above-and-below combined wet concrete spraying system that integrates a precise configuration of the dry mix system on the ground, an underground remote-controlled automatic feeding system, an underground wet concrete preparation and pumping system, and an underground remote-controlled robotic arm-assisted spraying system. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a combined wet concrete spraying system above and below the well, including a dry mix system, a dry mix conveying system, a concrete preparation pumping system and a spraying system, wherein the dry mix system and the dry mix conveying system are arranged above the well, and the concrete preparation pumping system and the spraying system are arranged below the well; The shotcrete system includes a shotcrete mechanical arm assembly, a mixer and a nozzle. The shotcrete mechanical arm assembly has a built-in concrete delivery pipeline. The input end of the concrete delivery pipeline is connected to the concrete preparation pumping system through a pipeline. The output end of the concrete delivery pipeline is connected to the input end of the mixer. The nozzle is assembled at the working end of the shotcrete mechanical arm assembly. The output end of the mixer is connected to the nozzle. The underground compressed air system is connected to the air inlet of the mixer through the compressed air pipeline in the tunnel. The wet concrete mixed with the liquid accelerating agent is mixed into the air flow through the mixer. The specific workflow is as follows: On the well, various dry materials and admixtures are weighed separately through the dry mixing system, and various dry materials and admixtures with required specific gravity are added to the dry material mixer according to the ratio requirements. Then the dry material mixer is started to mix the dry materials to form a dry mix, and finally the mixed dry mix is ​​packaged by the dry material packaging machine; The packaged dry mix is ​​transported to the concrete preparation pumping system underground through the dry mix transport system; After unpacking, the downhole concrete preparation pumping system is loaded with materials through the downhole loading equipment, and then the dry mix is ​​mixed with water through the concrete preparation pumping system to prepare wet concrete in the downhole, and then transported to the shotcrete system deployed in the nearby location; The spraying system pressurizes the wet concrete and then sprays it on the tunnel wall; Among them, the pressurization process uses a mixer to mix compressed air into the flow of wet concrete.

[0007] Furthermore, the dry mix is ​​packaged in ton bags.

[0008] Furthermore, the dry mixing system includes a silo, an additive storage tank, a weighing scale, a dry material mixer and a dry material baler. The output ends of the silo and the additive storage tank are both provided with weighing scales, and the silo and the additive storage tank are connected to the dry material mixer through pipelines. The dry material baler is arranged at the output end of the dry material mixer.

[0009] Furthermore, the dry mix conveying system adopts a pipeline system or a mining auxiliary transport vehicle, which can convey the dry mix to the concrete preparation pumping system.

[0010] Furthermore, the shotcrete system also includes a liquid accelerator adding device and a hydraulic power system. The shotcrete robotic arm assembly is equipped with a built-in liquid accelerator adding device, which is connected to the concrete conveying pipeline. When the wet concrete flows through the position of the liquid accelerator adding device in the concrete conveying pipeline, the liquid accelerator is quantitatively added.

[0011] A flow mixer, comprising an output pipe, a cone pipe, an input pipe and an air guide pipe, wherein the output pipe is welded to the constricted end of the cone pipe, the expanded end of the cone pipe is equipped with a first flange, the middle part of the outer side wall of the input pipe is equipped with a second flange, the air guide pipe is a three-way pipe, the three pipe openings are respectively a first air outlet, a second air outlet and an air inlet, the first air outlet and the second air outlet both extend from the rear side through the second flange to the front side thereof, and a conical flange is arranged at the front end of the input pipe; Among them, the air inlet is connected to the underground compressed air system through a pipeline, and the input pipe is connected to the concrete preparation pumping system through a pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the first air outlet and the second air outlet are both inclined, and the inclination directions of the two are opposite, that is, when the first air outlet is inclined upward, the second air outlet is inclined downward, and vice versa, when the first air outlet is inclined downward, the second air outlet is inclined upward, so that the airflow has a tangential velocity along the inner wall of the cone tube after being ejected from the air outlet, and a spiral airflow can be formed inside the cone tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the distance between the front end face of the input pipe and the front end face of the tapered pipe neck is 26 cm, the diameter reduction angle between the inclined side wall of the tapered pipe and the side wall of the output pipe is 154 degrees, and the vertical distance between the inclined surface of the tapered flange and the inclined side wall of the tapered pipe is 10 cm.

[0014] The beneficial effects of using the present invention are: The present invention adopts a construction mode of quantitatively premixing dry materials on the well and then transporting them to the well to quantitatively add water and liquid accelerating setting agent, which can effectively improve the batching accuracy of coal mine concrete construction operations. At the same time, it optimizes the construction process, is conducive to the automation transformation of the operation process, and reserves space for subsequent optimization of the construction plan; Transporting dry mixes without adding water can effectively improve transportation efficiency. Packing dry mixes in ton bags can effectively avoid dust during transportation. The packaging and unpacking processes of ton bags are less time-consuming and do not affect the overall transportation efficiency. The use of fully automatic mechanical equipment for loading avoids the problem of increased labor intensity of operators by manual loading, and does not cause secondary dusting of dry mixed materials; Use underground loading equipment to load materials, which reduces the labor intensity of loading operations and reduces the secondary dust generated during the loading process; It makes the wet shotcrete technology of underground tunnels more practical, is conducive to the large-scale promotion of the wet shotcrete technology, replaces the existing dry shotcrete technology and wet shotcrete technology, effectively improves the support strength, and solves the problem of high dust concentration in the tunnel during shotcrete construction, which is more beneficial to the health of the workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the combined wet concrete spraying system above and below the well; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dry mix system of the above-and-below combined wet concrete spraying system; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the concrete preparation pumping system of the above-and-below well combined wet concrete spraying system; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shotcrete mechanical arm assembly of the above-and-below combined wet concrete spraying system; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment connection of the above-and-below well combined wet concrete spraying system; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mixer; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mixer in the split state; Figure 8 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the mixer; Reference numerals include: 1. Output tube; 2. Conical tube; 201. First flange; 3. input pipe; 301. conical flange; 4. Air duct; 401. Second flange; 402. First air outlet; 403. Second air outlet; 404. Air inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0017] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 A combined above-and-below well wet concrete spraying system includes a dry mix system, a dry mix conveying system, a concrete preparation pumping system and a spraying system, wherein the dry mix system and the dry mix conveying system are arranged above the well, and the concrete preparation pumping system and the spraying system are arranged below the well.

[0018] The dry material mixing system includes a silo, an admixture storage tank, a weighing scale, a dry material mixer and a dry material baler. The silo and the admixture storage tank are respectively equipped with weighing scales. Various dry materials and admixtures are weighed respectively. According to the proportion requirements, various dry materials and admixtures with the required specific gravity are added to the dry material mixer. Then, the dry material mixer is started to mix the dry materials to form a dry mixture. Finally, the mixed dry mixture is packaged by the dry material baler. Preferably, the dry mix is ​​packaged in ton bags.

[0019] Specifically, there are multiple silos, and the types of dry materials contained in the silos are determined according to the composition of the dry mix required for construction; Taking conventional wet concrete as an example, the main components of the dry mix required are fly ash, cement, gravel and sand. Correspondingly, the silos include fly ash silo, cement silo, gravel silo and sand silo.

[0020] The dry mix conveying system uses a pipeline system or a mining auxiliary transport vehicle to transport the packaged dry mix to the underground. When using mining auxiliary transport vehicles, directly call on idle mining auxiliary transport vehicles underground to transport the packaged dry mix to the underground storage and transportation yard; When the pipeline system is used, the packed ton bags are sent to the underground storage and transportation yard through the pipeline shafts connected above and below the mine using the ton bag's own gravity, and the mine's auxiliary transport trucks are no longer needed for transportation underground.

[0021] The ton bags are loaded into trucks at the underground storage and transportation yard and transported to the construction site by mining trucks. The construction site is equipped with underground loading equipment. The underground feeding equipment has a mechanical crane and a loader. The mechanical crane is used to lift the ton bag filled with dry mix from the mine car to the input end of the loader. Then the automatic bag breaking mechanism is used to disassemble the ton bag, and the dry mix in the ton bag is leaked into the loader through the input end of the loader. Finally, the loader transports the dry mix to the concrete preparation pumping system.

[0022] The concrete preparation pumping system includes a mixer, a hydraulic power system, a quantitative water supply mechanism and a pumping mechanism. The quantitative water supply mechanism is connected to the mixer through a pipeline. The pumping mechanism is arranged on the output pipeline of the mixer. The hydraulic power system is used to increase the hydraulic power of other mechanisms. The underground feeding equipment transports the dry mix to the mixer, and the quantitative water supply mechanism adds water to the mixer. At the same time, the mixer runs to mix the dry mix into the wet concrete required for shotcrete, and finally transports it to the shotcrete system through the pipeline by the pumping mechanism.

[0023] The shotcrete system includes a liquid accelerator adding device, a shotcrete mechanical arm assembly, a hydraulic power system, a mixer and a nozzle. The shotcrete mechanical arm assembly has a built-in concrete conveying pipeline and a liquid accelerator adding device. The liquid accelerator adding device is connected to the concrete conveying pipeline. When wet concrete flows through the position of the liquid accelerator adding device in the concrete conveying pipeline, liquid accelerator is quantitatively added. The input end of the concrete conveying pipeline is connected to the concrete preparation pumping system through a pipeline, and the output end of the concrete conveying pipeline is connected to the input end of the mixer. The nozzle is assembled at the working end of the shotcrete mechanical arm assembly, and the output end of the mixer is connected to the nozzle. The underground compressed air system is connected to the air inlet of the mixer through the compressed air pipeline in the tunnel. The wet concrete mixed with the liquid accelerator is mixed into the air flow through the mixer and finally sprayed out through the nozzle to realize the wet concrete shotcrete operation. The hydraulic power system is used to increase the hydraulic power of other mechanisms.

[0024] Among them, the bottom of the shotcrete system is equipped with a self-propelled base. Example

[0025] Reference Figure 6-Figure 8 A flow mixer is used in a well-upper and lower combined wet concrete spraying system, comprising an output pipe 1, a cone pipe 2, an input pipe 3 and an air guide pipe 4, wherein the output pipe 1 is welded to the constricted end of the cone pipe 2, the expanded end of the cone pipe 2 is equipped with a first flange 201, the middle part of the outer wall of the input pipe 3 is equipped with a second flange 401, the air guide pipe 4 is a three-way pipe, and the three pipe openings are respectively a first air outlet 402, a second air outlet 403 and an air inlet 404, the first air outlet 402 and the second air outlet 403 are both extended from the rear side through the second flange 401 to the front side thereof, and the front end of the input pipe 3 is provided with a conical flange 301; When the first flange 201 and the second flange 401 are assembled with each other by bolts, the front end of the inlet pipe 3, the first air outlet 402 and the second air outlet 403 of the air guide pipe 4 are all inserted into the cone pipe 2 from the expanded opening.

[0026] Preferably, the first air outlet 402 and the second air outlet 403 are both inclined, and the inclination directions of the two are opposite, that is, when the first air outlet 402 is inclined upward, the second air outlet 403 is inclined downward, and vice versa, when the first air outlet 402 is inclined downward, the second air outlet 403 is inclined upward, so that the airflow has a tangential velocity along the inner wall of the cone tube 2 after being ejected from the air outlet, and a spiral airflow can be formed inside the cone tube 2.

[0027] Specifically, the distance m between the front end face of the input pipe 3 and the front end face of the tapered pipe 2 is 26 cm, the diameter reduction angle α between the inclined side wall of the tapered pipe 2 and the side wall of the output pipe 1 is 154 degrees, and the vertical distance n between the inclined surface of the tapered flange 301 and the inclined side wall of the tapered pipe 2 is 10 cm.

[0028] The above contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, many changes can be made in the specific implementation methods and application scopes based on the ideas of the present invention. As long as these changes do not deviate from the concept of the present invention, they all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined wet concrete spraying system for above and below wells, characterized by: It includes a dry mix system, a dry mix conveying system, a concrete preparation pumping system and a shotcrete system. The dry mix system and the dry mix conveying system are arranged above the well, and the concrete preparation pumping system and the shotcrete system are arranged below the well. The shotcrete system includes a shotcrete mechanical arm assembly, a mixer and a nozzle. The shotcrete mechanical arm assembly has a built-in concrete delivery pipeline. The input end of the concrete delivery pipeline is connected to the concrete preparation pumping system through a pipeline. The output end of the concrete delivery pipeline is connected to the input end of the mixer. The nozzle is assembled at the working end of the shotcrete mechanical arm assembly. The output end of the mixer is connected to the nozzle. The underground compressed air system is connected to the air inlet of the mixer through the compressed air pipeline in the tunnel. The wet concrete mixed with the liquid accelerating agent is mixed into the air flow through the mixer. The specific workflow is as follows: On the well, various dry materials and admixtures are weighed separately through the dry mixing system, and various dry materials and admixtures with required specific gravity are added to the dry material mixer according to the ratio requirements. Then the dry material mixer is started to mix the dry materials to form a dry mix, and finally the mixed dry mix is ​​packaged by the dry material packaging machine; The packaged dry mix is ​​transported to the concrete preparation pumping system underground through the dry mix transport system; After unpacking, the downhole concrete preparation pumping system is loaded with materials through the downhole loading equipment, and then the dry mix is ​​mixed with water through the concrete preparation pumping system to prepare wet concrete in the downhole, and then transported to the shotcrete system deployed in the nearby location; The spraying system pressurizes the wet concrete and then sprays it on the tunnel wall; Among them, the pressurization process uses a mixer to mix compressed air into the flow of wet concrete.

2. According to the above-and-below well combined wet concrete spraying system of claim 1, it is characterized by: The dry mix is ​​packaged in ton bags.

3. According to the above-and-below well combined wet concrete spraying system of claim 1, it is characterized by: The dry mixing system includes a silo, an additive storage tank, a weighing scale, a dry material mixer and a dry material baler. The output ends of the silo and the additive storage tank are both provided with weighing scales, and the silo and the additive storage tank are connected to the dry material mixer through pipelines. The dry material baler is arranged at the output end of the dry material mixer.

4. The above-and-below combined wet concrete spraying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dry mix conveying system adopts a pipeline system or a mining auxiliary transport vehicle, and can convey the dry mix to the concrete preparation pumping system.

5. The above-and-below combined wet concrete spraying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shotcrete system also includes a liquid accelerating agent adding device and a hydraulic power system. The shotcrete mechanical arm assembly is built with the liquid accelerating agent adding device, and the liquid accelerating agent adding device is connected to the concrete conveying pipeline. When the wet concrete flows through the position of the liquid accelerating agent adding device in the concrete conveying pipeline, the liquid accelerating agent is quantitatively added.

6. A flow mixer, applied to a well-to-well combined wet concrete spraying system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes an output pipe, a cone pipe, an input pipe and an air guide pipe, wherein the output pipe is welded to the contracted end of the cone pipe, the expanded end of the cone pipe is equipped with a first flange, the middle part of the outer wall of the input pipe is equipped with a second flange, the air guide pipe is a three-way pipe, and the three pipe openings are respectively a first air outlet, a second air outlet and an air inlet, the first air outlet and the second air outlet both extend from the rear side through the second flange to the front side thereof, and a conical flange is arranged at the front end of the input pipe; Among them, the air inlet is connected to the underground compressed air system through a pipeline, and the input pipe is connected to the concrete preparation pumping system through a pipeline.

7. A flow mixer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first air outlet and the second air outlet are both inclined, and the inclination directions of the two are opposite, that is, when the first air outlet is inclined upward, the second air outlet is inclined downward, and vice versa, when the first air outlet is inclined downward, the second air outlet is inclined upward, so that the airflow has a tangential velocity along the inner wall of the cone tube after being ejected from the air outlet, and a spiral airflow can be formed inside the cone tube.

8. A flow mixer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the front end face of the input pipe and the front end face of the tapered pipe is 26 cm, the diameter reduction angle between the inclined side wall of the tapered pipe and the side wall of the output pipe is 154 degrees, and the vertical distance between the inclined surface of the tapered flange and the inclined side wall of the tapered pipe is 10 cm.

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