Device and method for smelting vanadium-iron alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw material

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of special alloy production, and provides a device and method for smelting ferrovanadium from a low-vanadium complex vanadium raw material, and the device comprises a raw material collecting tank, a raw material mixing device, an integration bin, a feeding pipe and a smelting furnace; the raw material collecting tank is positioned inside the raw material mixing device; the bottom of the raw material collecting tank is connected with the top of the integration bin, the bottom of the integration bin is connected with one end of the feeding pipe, and the other end of the feeding pipe is connected with a smelting furnace. In the smelting process, reduced vanadium needs to be alloyed with metal elements such as iron, energy consumption is reduced, the vanadium element can be more effectively extracted from the low-vanadium complex raw materials by optimizing the smelting process and equipment design, and therefore the yield and the utilization rate of vanadium are increased, and the risk and the cost of manual operation are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of special alloy production, and more specifically to a device and method for smelting ferrovanadium alloy with low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials. Background Art

[0002] The low vanadium content in low-vanadium raw materials means that more raw materials need to be processed to obtain a certain amount of ferrovanadium alloy, which increases the complexity and cost of the smelting process. In addition to vanadium, the raw materials also contain a variety of impurity elements, such as silicon, aluminum, calcium, phosphorus, etc. These impurity elements will interact with vanadium during the smelting process, affecting the reduction and alloying effects of vanadium, and may even reduce the purity of ferrovanadium alloy.

[0003] Due to the low vanadium content and high impurities in the raw materials, traditional smelting methods often have difficulty in efficiently reducing vanadium from the raw materials. This may result in a low vanadium yield and increase smelting costs. During the smelting process, the reduced vanadium needs to be alloyed with metal elements such as iron. However, due to the presence of impurity elements in the raw materials, the alloying process may be disturbed, affecting the uniformity and quality of the alloy.

[0004] During the smelting process, the equipment may be damaged by factors such as high temperature and corrosion. The maintenance and replacement of equipment not only increases the smelting cost, but also may affect the continuity and stability of the smelting process. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes an apparatus and method for smelting ferrovanadium alloy from low-vanadium and complex vanadium raw materials, which can smelt low-vanadium and complex vanadium to obtain ferrovanadium alloy, with easy composition control and high alloy yield.

[0006] Based on the above purpose, the present invention proposes a device for smelting vanadium iron alloy with low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials, including: a raw material collection tank, a raw material mixing device, an integrated warehouse, a feed pipe and a smelting furnace The raw material collection tank is located inside the raw material mixing device; The bottom of the raw material collecting tank is connected to the top of the integrated warehouse, the bottom of the integrated warehouse is connected to one end of the feed pipe, and the other end of the feed pipe is connected to the smelting furnace.

[0007] In some embodiments, the raw material collection tank includes a truncated cone-shaped tank body, a flap handle, a positioning handle, a locking handle, and a sealing gasket; The flap handle, the positioning handle and the locking handle are arranged in parallel and are all arranged vertically along a horizontal plane at one end of the small cross section of the truncated cone-shaped tank body; The sealing gasket is arranged at the bottom of the raw material collecting tank.

[0008] In some embodiments, the raw material mixing device includes a box, a hydraulic system, a transmission system, a braking system, a chain, an A-end rotating shaft, an oil cylinder, a frame, a pressing frame, a guide column, a B-end rotating shaft, a rotating joint, a reflective plate grating, a positioning plate and a photoelectric detection element; The hydraulic system, transmission system and brake system are arranged inside the box body to which the A-end rotating shaft is connected, and a reflector grating is arranged on the frame of the box body to which the A-end rotating shaft is connected; A reflector grating and a photoelectric detection element are provided on the box frame corresponding to the B-end rotating shaft; The raw material collection tank is located inside the frame of the raw material mixing device, the bottom of the raw material collection tank is connected to the frame via a positioning plate, the top of the raw material collection tank is in contact with the pressing frame, and the pressing frame is vertically connected to the oil cylinder; The two sides of the frame are connected to the inner sides of the A-end rotating shaft and the B-end rotating shaft respectively through guide columns, and the outer side of the A-end rotating shaft is connected to the corresponding box through a chain; The B-end rotating shaft is connected to the corresponding box through a rotating joint.

[0009] In some embodiments, the feed pipe includes a pneumatic gate valve, a cylinder, a telescopic tube retraction detection element, a telescopic tube connection detection element, a telescopic tube and a furnace receiving portion; The bottom of the integrated bin is connected to one end of the telescopic tube of the feed pipe, and a pneumatic gate valve is provided at the connection of the integrated bin, a cylinder is connected in parallel to the outside of the telescopic tube, and a telescopic tube retraction detection element and a telescopic tube connection detection element are provided on the telescopic tube; The other end of the telescopic tube is connected to the furnace material receiving part.

[0010] In some embodiments, the smelting furnace includes a furnace frame, a water-cooled furnace cover, a water-cooled support, a heat-resistant inclined feeding cover, a furnace body and an arc frame; The top of the furnace body is connected to the water-cooled furnace cover, and the bottom is connected to the arc frame, and the arc frame is located on the furnace frame; The center of the water-cooled furnace cover is provided with the heat-resistant inclined feeding cover; The water-cooling bracket is connected above the water-cooling furnace cover.

[0011] In some embodiments, the smelting furnace further includes a hydraulically controlled one-way valve, a furnace tilting cylinder, and a maximum iron tapping angle detection element; A liquid one-way valve is arranged on the outer side of the tilting furnace oil cylinder; The furnace tilting oil cylinder is located below the arc frame and connected to the furnace frame, and the maximum iron tapping angle detection element is arranged at the connection of the furnace tilting oil cylinder.

[0012] In some embodiments, the smelting furnace further includes a three-way feed pipe of a core furnace cover, a graphite electrode, a conductive cross arm, a rotating seat, a cross arm support guide wheel, a rotating shaft and a rotating opening and closing detection element; The first end of the three-way feeding pipe of the core furnace cover is connected to the furnace receiving part, and the second end is connected to the outside world; The graphite electrode is arranged in parallel with the three-way feeding pipe of the core furnace cover, the conductive cross arm is vertically connected to the top of the graphite electrode, and the conductive cross arm and the cross arm support guide wheel are connected through the cross arm support in the vertical direction; The cross arm supports the guide wheel and is located on the furnace frame; The rotating shaft is supported and arranged on the arc frame in parallel with the cross arm, and a rotating opening and closing detection element is arranged at the connection of the rotating shaft; The water cooling bracket is connected to the rotating seat, and the rotating seat is arranged on the cross arm support.

[0013] In some embodiments, the heat-resistant inclined surface feeding cover includes an A-phase electrode hole, a B-phase electrode hole, a C-phase electrode hole, and an inclined surface feeding hole; The A-phase electrode hole, the B-phase electrode hole and the C-phase electrode hole are symmetrically arranged and are all through holes; The cross section of the inclined feeding hole is an inverted trapezoid.

[0014] In some embodiments, the third end of the three-way feed pipe of the core furnace cover is connected to the inclined feed hole of the heat-resistant inclined feed cover; The A-phase electrode hole, the B-phase electrode hole and the C-phase electrode hole are all penetrated by graphite electrodes; The bottom of the graphite electrode is connected to the furnace body.

[0015] The present invention provides a method for smelting ferrovanadium alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials, comprising: Mixing low vanadium, complex vanadium and other materials; The mixed material is fed into the device for smelting vanadium iron alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials as described above for smelting; Adjust the molten pool temperature range to 1680℃-1900℃, add aluminum particles in batches to separate slag from iron, and then discharge the slag; The iron discharged from the slag is refined again to obtain vanadium-iron alloy.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention proposes a device and method for smelting vanadium iron alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials. The device includes: a raw material collecting tank, a raw material mixing device, an integrated warehouse, a feed pipe and a smelting furnace. The raw material collecting tank is located inside the raw material mixing device; the bottom of the raw material collecting tank is connected to the top of the integrated warehouse, the bottom of the integrated warehouse is connected to one end of the feed pipe, and the other end of the feed pipe is connected to the smelting furnace. In the smelting process of the present invention, it is necessary to alloy the reduced vanadium with metal elements such as iron to reduce energy consumption. By optimizing the smelting process and equipment design, vanadium elements can be more effectively extracted from low-vanadium complex raw materials, thereby improving the yield and utilization rate of vanadium and reducing the risk and cost of manual operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A simplified diagram of an apparatus for smelting vanadium-iron alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A front view of a collecting tank of an apparatus for smelting vanadium-ferroalloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 3 A side view of a collecting tank of an apparatus for smelting vanadium-ferroalloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 4 A mixing device engineering diagram of a device for smelting vanadium-ferroalloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 5 A diagram of a heat-resistant inclined feeding cover of an apparatus for smelting vanadium-ferroalloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 6 An integrated diagram of a device for smelting vanadium-ferroalloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 7 A flow chart showing a method for smelting vanadium-ferroalloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Among them, 1. raw material collection tank; 11. tank body; 12. flap handle; 13. positioning handle; 14. locking handle; 15. sealing gasket; 2. Raw material mixing device; 21. Hydraulic system; 22. Transmission system; 23. Braking system; 24. Chain; 25. A-end rotating shaft; 26. Oil cylinder; 27. Frame; 28. Pressing frame; 29. ​​Guide column; 210. B-end rotating shaft; 211. Rotating joint; 212. Reflector grating; 213. Positioning plate; 214. Photoelectric detection element; 3. Integrated warehouse; 4. Feed pipe; 41. Pneumatic gate valve; 42. Cylinder; 43. Telescopic tube retracts detection element; 44. Telescopic tube connects detection element; 45. Telescopic tube; 46. Furnace receiving part; 5. Smelting furnace; 51. Water-cooled furnace cover; 52. Water-cooled bracket; 53. Heat-resistant inclined feeding cover; 54. Furnace body; 55. Arc-shaped frame; 56. Hydraulic-controlled one-way valve; 57. Furnace tilting cylinder; 58. Maximum iron tapping angle detection element; 59. Three-way feeding pipe of the core furnace cover; 510. Graphite electrode; 511. Conductive cross arm; 512. Rotating seat; 513. Cross arm supporting guide wheel; 514. Rotating shaft; 515. Rotating opening and closing detection element; 531. A-phase electrode hole; 532. B-phase electrode hole; 533. C-phase electrode hole; 534. Inclined feeding hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific implementation of the present disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and is not used to limit the present disclosure.

[0026] In addition, reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0027] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as the general understanding of those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with an idealized or overly formal meaning unless specifically defined as in the embodiments of this application.

[0028] The present invention proposes a device for smelting vanadium-ferroalloy with low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials, comprising: a raw material collecting tank 1, a raw material mixing device 2, an integrated warehouse 3, a feed pipe 4 and a smelting furnace 5. The raw material collecting tank 1 is located inside the raw material mixing device 2; the bottom of the raw material collecting tank 1 is connected to the top of the integrated warehouse 3, the bottom of the integrated warehouse 3 is connected to one end of the feed pipe 4, and the other end of the feed pipe 4 is connected to the smelting furnace 5.

[0029] The present invention can process low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials, converting raw materials that may have been regarded as waste into valuable ferrovanadium alloys, thereby improving the overall utilization rate of resources. By optimizing the smelting process and equipment design, these devices can reduce energy consumption and raw material consumption in the production process while ensuring product quality, thereby reducing production costs. The ferrovanadium alloy smelted from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials may have certain advantages in performance due to the unique smelting process, such as higher purity, more uniform chemical composition, etc., thereby enhancing the market competitiveness of the product.

[0030] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The raw material collecting tank 1 includes a truncated cone-shaped tank body 11, a flap handle 12, a positioning handle 13, a locking handle 14 and a sealing gasket 15; the flap handle 12, the positioning handle 13 and the locking handle 14 are arranged in parallel and are all arranged at one end of the small cross-section of the truncated cone-shaped tank body 11; the sealing gasket 15 is arranged at the bottom of the raw material collecting tank 1.

[0031] The flap handle 12 includes a flap in addition to the rotating shaft and the handle portion, one end of the flap is coaxial with the rotating shaft portion, and the flap is used to block the discharge port of the tank body 11.

[0032] The positioning handle 13 includes a rotating shaft and a handle, which are perpendicular to each other to form an L-shaped handle. The rotating shaft of the handle is inserted vertically into the tank body 11, and the handle is vertically upward in the initial state. According to different working states, it performs corresponding rotational movement.

[0033] The locking handle 14 includes a long rotating shaft for locking the positioning handle 13. Figure 2 It can be observed that the positioning handle 13 and the locking handle 14 are relatively close to each other in order to facilitate the locking handle 14 to fix the positioning handle 13.

[0034] The sealing gasket 15 includes a flat gasket installed at the bottom of the raw material collection tank 1 and a rectangular collection box. When the tank body 11 stops moving and discharges the material, a small cross-section is used as the discharge port and is sleeved in the collection box to prevent the raw material from overflowing. The flap handle 12 is removed, the flat gasket is removed, and the raw material flows out and passes through the part blocked by the flat gasket into the integrated bin below.

[0035] The tank body 11 is the main part of the raw material collecting tank, and stores the raw materials safely and stably. The tank body 11 is made of a strong and durable material, such as carbon steel or stainless steel.

[0036] The flap handle 12 makes the feeding and discharging process more convenient, controls the opening and closing of the flap, and realizes the rapid feeding and taking out of the raw materials.

[0037] The positioning handle 13 ensures that the flap can accurately and tightly fit the tank body or other components when closed, thereby enhancing the sealing of the tank body and helping to prevent leakage and contamination of raw materials during storage.

[0038] The locking handle 14 enables the flap to be securely locked in a closed state, thereby enhancing the sealing performance of the tank body.

[0039] In some embodiments, the raw material mixing device 2 includes a box, a hydraulic system 21, a transmission system 22, a brake system 23, a chain 24, an A-end rotating shaft 25, an oil cylinder 26, a frame 27, a clamping frame 28, a guide column 29, a B-end rotating shaft 210, a rotary joint 211, a reflective plate grating 212, a positioning plate 213 and a photoelectric detection element 214; the hydraulic system 21, the transmission system 22 and the brake system 23 are arranged inside the box to which the A-end rotating shaft 25 is connected, and a reflective plate grating 212 is arranged on the box frame to which the A-end rotating shaft 210 is connected; and a reflective plate grating 212 and a photoelectric detection element 214 are arranged on the box frame to which the B-end rotating shaft 210 is connected; The raw material collecting tank 1 is located inside the frame 27 of the raw material mixing device 2, the bottom of the raw material collecting tank 1 is connected to the frame 27 via a positioning plate 213, the top of the raw material collecting tank 1 is in contact with the pressing frame 28, and the pressing frame 28 is vertically connected to the oil cylinder; The two sides of the frame 27 are connected to the inner sides of the A-end rotating shaft 25 and the B-end rotating shaft 210 respectively through guide columns 29, and the outer side of the A-end rotating shaft 25 is connected to the corresponding box through a chain 24; The B-end rotating shaft 25 is connected to the corresponding box through a rotating joint 211.

[0040] The raw material mixing device 2 adopts a modular design, so that each component is relatively independent and easy to disassemble and replace, which is convenient for locating problems and handling them during equipment maintenance and overhaul.

[0041] Through the coordinated work of the hydraulic system 21, the transmission system 22 and the braking system 23, the raw material mixing device 2 can achieve automatic mixing of raw materials, greatly reducing the links of manual operation and improving production efficiency. The automated mixing system can work continuously and stably, without being affected by manual fatigue or operating errors, ensuring the continuous operation capacity of the production line. The frame 27 serves as the main supporting structure of the entire mixing device, ensuring stability and strength, withstanding various forces and vibrations during the operation of the equipment, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment. Through real-time monitoring and feedback of components such as the reflector grating 212, the positioning plate 213 and the photoelectric detection element 214, strong support is provided for maintenance and overhaul work.

[0042] In some embodiments, the feed pipe 4 includes a pneumatic gate valve 41, a cylinder 42, a telescopic tube retraction detection element 43, a telescopic tube connection detection element 44, a telescopic tube 45 and a furnace receiving portion 46; The bottom of the integrated bin 3 is connected to one end of the telescopic tube 45 of the feed pipe 4, and a pneumatic gate valve 41 is provided at the connection of the integrated bin 3, a cylinder 42 is connected in parallel to the outside of the telescopic tube 45, and a telescopic tube retraction detection element 43 and a telescopic tube connection detection element 44 are provided on the telescopic tube 45; the other end of the telescopic tube 45 is connected to the furnace receiving part 46.

[0043] The pneumatic gate valve 41 has the advantages of simple structure and flexible operation, and can quickly and accurately control the flow rate or delivery amount of the material. Driven by the cylinder 42, the gate valve can be quickly opened and closed, thereby accurately controlling the feeding time and amount of the material. As an important component in the compressor and other machinery, the cylinder 42 has the advantages of high efficiency, good safety, and long service life. In the feed pipe, the stability and reliability of the cylinder 42 ensure the precise control of the gate valve, avoiding material leakage or equipment damage caused by improper operation or equipment failure.

[0044] The telescopic tube retraction detection element 43 and the telescopic tube connection detection element 44 improve the safety and stability of the feed tube 4. These detection elements can monitor the state and position of the telescopic tube in real time, ensuring that the telescopic tube 45 performs telescopic operation at the correct time and position. The telescopic tube 45 is retractable and can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different feeding distances and heights. The adaptability is improved so that it can adapt to different production environments and process requirements. At the same time, the telescopic tube 45 is made of stainless steel, copper, aluminum and other materials, has strong corrosion resistance and pressure bearing capacity, can operate stably in harsh working environments, and prolongs the service life of the equipment.

[0045] The various components work together to ensure that the materials can be accurately and stably transported to the furnace receiving part 46. The cylinder drives the gate valve 41 to accurately control the feeding time and amount of the materials. The telescopic tube 45 is adjusted to adapt to different feeding distances and heights as needed. The detection element monitors the state and position of the telescopic tube in real time to ensure safe and stable operation, and finally accurately transports the materials to the furnace receiving part for subsequent processing.

[0046] In some embodiments, the smelting furnace 5 includes a furnace frame, a water-cooled furnace cover 51, a water-cooled bracket 52, a heat-resistant inclined feeding cover 53, a furnace body 54 and an arc frame 55; the top of the furnace body 54 is connected to the water-cooled furnace cover 51, and the bottom is connected to the arc frame 55. The arc frame 55 is located on the furnace frame; the heat-resistant inclined feeding cover 53 is arranged at the center of the water-cooled furnace cover 51; the water-cooled bracket 52 is connected to the top of the water-cooled furnace cover 51.

[0047] The water-cooled furnace cover 51 effectively reduces the temperature of the furnace cover, reduces heat loss, and improves thermal efficiency through a circulating water cooling system. The furnace frame, as a supporting structure for the furnace body, reduces smelting interruptions and equipment damage caused by equipment vibration or deformation. The heat-resistant inclined feeding cover 53 helps to optimize the feeding method of raw materials, so that the raw materials can enter the furnace more evenly, improving the uniformity and consistency of the smelting process. It reduces heat loss and gas escape during the feeding process, and improves smelting efficiency and safety.

[0048] In some embodiments, the smelting furnace 5 also includes a hydraulically controlled one-way valve 56, a tilting furnace cylinder 57 and an iron-out angle detection element 58; a liquid one-way valve 56 is arranged on the outer side of the tilting furnace cylinder 57; the tilting furnace cylinder 57 is located below the arc frame 55, connected to the furnace frame, and the iron-out angle detection element 58 is arranged at the connection of the tilting furnace cylinder 57.

[0049] The hydraulically controlled non-return valve 56 controls the flow direction and pressure of the fluid, and prevents the reverse flow of the fluid caused by pressure fluctuations or operating errors. The hydraulically controlled non-return valve 56 is added to the oil circuit, and the tightness of the cone valve closing can be used to maintain the pressure of the oil circuit for a long time. Prevent the accidental sliding of moving parts such as the piston and the hydraulic cylinder slider. When the reversing valve is in the middle position, the hydraulically controlled non-return valve can tightly seal the oil in the two chambers of the hydraulic cylinder to ensure that the piston will not move due to external forces.

[0050] The furnace tilting cylinder 57 can achieve precise control of the tilting angle and speed of the smelting furnace body by precisely controlling its telescopic action, thereby optimizing the smelting process and improving the smelting efficiency and product quality.

[0051] The maximum iron tapping angle detection element 58 can monitor the inclination angle of the smelting furnace 5 in real time and send a signal when the preset maximum angle is reached, thereby preventing accidents and damages caused by excessive inclination of the smelting furnace 5 and ensuring the safety and stability of the smelting process.

[0052] In some embodiments, the smelting furnace 5 also includes a three-way feed pipe 59 of the movement furnace cover, a graphite electrode 510, a conductive cross arm 511, a rotating seat 512, a cross arm support guide wheel 513, a rotating shaft 514 and a rotating opening and closing detection element 515; the first end of the three-way feed pipe 59 of the movement furnace cover is connected to the furnace receiving part 46, and the second end is connected to the outside world; the graphite electrode 510 is arranged in parallel with the three-way feed pipe 59 of the movement furnace cover, and the conductive cross arm 511 is vertically connected to the top of the graphite electrode 510, and the conductive cross arm 511 and the cross arm support guide wheel 513 are connected through the vertical cross arm support; the cross arm support guide wheel 513 is located on the furnace frame; the rotating shaft 514 is arranged on the arc frame parallel to the cross arm support, and a rotating opening and closing detection element 515 is arranged at the connection of the rotating shaft 514; the water-cooling bracket 52 is connected to the rotating seat 512, and the rotating seat 512 is arranged on the cross arm support.

[0053] The three-way feed pipe 59 of the core furnace cover can optimize the feeding path of the raw materials, so that the raw materials can enter the furnace more smoothly and quickly, thereby improving the feeding efficiency of the smelting furnace. The three-way structure allows the raw materials to be fed from different directions or positions, which enhances the feeding flexibility of the smelting furnace and can be adjusted according to actual production needs.

[0054] The graphite electrode 510 has good electrical conductivity and can efficiently conduct current to generate an arc, providing the necessary heat for the smelting process. The graphite electrode 510 can work stably in a high temperature environment and is not easily melted or damaged, ensuring the continuity and stability of the smelting process. It has good corrosion resistance to most molten metals and slags, extending the service life of the electrode.

[0055] The conductive cross arm 511 serves as both a supporting component and a conductive component, which simplifies the structure of the smelting furnace and ensures the stability of the electrode and the effective transmission of the current. The design of the hollow section and the internal water cooling channel reduces the impedance, improves the electrothermal efficiency, and helps to improve the smelting effect. The conductive cross arm 511 has a lifting function, which is convenient for adjusting the position and angle of the electrode according to the needs of the smelting process.

[0056] The components such as the rotating seat, the cross arm support guide wheel and the rotating shaft work together to ensure the stable operation of the conductive cross arm and the graphite electrode during the smelting process, and prevent equipment damage or degradation of smelting effect due to vibration or deviation.

[0057] The rotation opening and closing detection element 515 can monitor the rotation status of relevant components in the smelting furnace in real time to prevent safety accidents caused by uncontrolled or abnormal rotation.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the heat-resistant inclined feeding cover 53 includes an A-phase electrode hole 531, a B-phase electrode hole 532, a C-phase electrode hole 533 and an inclined feeding hole 534; the A-phase electrode hole 531, the B-phase electrode hole 532 and the C-phase electrode hole 533 are symmetrically arranged with each other and are all through holes; the cross-section of the inclined feeding hole 534 is an inverted trapezoid.

[0059] The design of the A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase electrode holes enables the graphite electrode 510 to be accurately aligned and installed, ensuring stable contact between the electrode and the metal liquid surface in the furnace, thereby ensuring effective transmission of electrical energy and stable combustion of the arc. The independent electrode hole design facilitates the installation, removal, and maintenance of the electrode, reducing the difficulty of operation and downtime.

[0060] The inclined feeding hole 534 allows the raw materials to smoothly enter the furnace along the inclined surface, optimizes the feeding path, and reduces the accumulation and blockage of raw materials during the feeding process. Inclined feeding helps the raw materials to quickly enter the furnace under the action of gravity, improves the feeding efficiency, and shortens the smelting cycle. Inclined feeding can also achieve uniform distribution of raw materials in the furnace, which helps to improve the smelting effect and product quality.

[0061] The combination of the inclined feeding hole 534 and the water-cooled furnace cover 51 helps to reduce heat loss from the feed port, maintain a stable temperature in the furnace, and improve energy efficiency.

[0062] In some embodiments, the third end of the three-way feed pipe 59 of the movement furnace cover is connected to the inclined feeding hole 534 of the heat-resistant inclined feeding cover 53; the A-phase electrode hole 531, the B-phase electrode hole 532 and the C-phase electrode hole 533 are all penetrated by the graphite electrode 510; the bottom of the graphite electrode 510 is connected to the furnace body 54.

[0063] The present invention proposes a method for smelting vanadium iron alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials. Figure 6 and Figure 7 ,include: S1. Mixing low vanadium, complex vanadium and other materials; S2, the mixed material is sent to the device for smelting vanadium iron alloy with low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials as described in the embodiment of the present application for smelting; S3, adjusting the temperature of the molten pool to 1680°C-1900°C, adding aluminum particles in batches to separate slag from iron, and then discharging the slag; S4, refining the slag iron to obtain vanadium iron alloy.

[0064] Among them, the working process of the device for smelting vanadium-ferroalloy with low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials is as follows. The device is externally connected to a PLC control system, and the entire production process is controlled by the PLC control system. First, the PLC control system runs to detect the rotation trigger signal of the water-cooled furnace cover 51; the telescopic tube retracts the detection element 45 and the telescopic tube connection detection element 44 triggers the signal; the pneumatic plug valve 41 is opened, and the material in the integrated control bin 3 is automatically loaded into the furnace; the material level meter in the integrated bin 3 is triggered-the filling of materials is completed; the pneumatic plug valve 41 is closed; the cylinder of the telescopic tube 45 retracts-trigger signal; the closing signal of the electromagnetic reversing valve of the water-cooled furnace cover 51 is triggered; the PLC control center retrieves: cooling circulating water flow, pressure, hydraulic system flow, pressure, furnace body horizontal interlock is normal, the system has no faults, alarms, and displays are normal; the alloy smelting electric furnace transformer is high-voltage closed, and the PLC controls the electrode ignition for smelting. In order to address the technical difficulties such as uneven allocation of complex vanadium resources, lack of means to detect smelting temperature and incomplete slag-metal separation, we innovatively applied batch feeding and real-time monitoring of elements in slag, accurately added aluminum particles to reduce the vanadium content in the slag and achieved slag-iron separation.

[0065] Magnesia sand is used to densely bake and cast ingots and insulation covers to optimize the growth of ferrovanadium alloy crystals, achieving the goal of "both V element and impurity elements meet the standards and are better than the national standards" for ferrovanadium products. The quality of ferrovanadium products meets the national standards and special contract requirements, slag vanadium TV≤0.85%, and vanadium recovery rate>96.5%.

[0066] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 6 The present invention discloses a method for smelting ferrovanadium alloy with low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials. In the early stage of smelting, a rectangular alloy smelting material mixing device is used to mix non-standard V2O3, V2O5 and low-grade flake vanadium purchased from the complex vanadium resource market, vanadium infiltration alloy, reduced black material, dust removal ash pellet material, low-vanadium high-phosphorus vanadium oxide, low-aluminum and low-iron auxiliary materials, infiltration alloy, residual alloy, fine powder and rich slag with different particle size, bulk density and density. The materials are added in batches through the automatic feeding system of the electric furnace, the composition of the slag phase is monitored during the process, and the temperature control, slag-metal separation and crystal growth theory of smelting ferrovanadium are innovated by using the electric-heat-kinetic energy conversion equation. The temperature iteration calculation model of ferrovanadium smelting by aluminothermic reduction in a 6300kVA large tilting furnace and the calculation geometric model of slag-iron separation speed are studied to guide on-site production and improve the technical and economic indicators such as on-site ferrovanadium product output and yield, which has important practical significance for creating economic benefits for enterprises.

[0067] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0068] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0069] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for smelting vanadium iron alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials, characterized in that: include: A raw material collecting tank (1), a raw material mixing device (2), an integrated bin (3), a feed pipe (4) and a smelting furnace (5); The raw material collection tank (1) is located inside the raw material mixing device (2); The bottom of the raw material collection tank (1) is connected to the top of the integrated bin (3), the bottom of the integrated bin (3) is connected to one end of the feed pipe (4), and the other end of the feed pipe (4) is connected to the smelting furnace (5).

2. The device for smelting ferrovanadium alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material collection tank (1) comprises a truncated cone-shaped tank body (11), a flap handle (12), a positioning handle (13), a locking handle (14) and a sealing gasket (15); The flap handle (12), the positioning handle (13) and the locking handle (14) are arranged in parallel and are all arranged at one end of the small cross section of the truncated cone-shaped tank body (11); The sealing gasket (15) is arranged at the bottom of the raw material collection tank (1).

3. The device for smelting ferrovanadium alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material mixing device (2) comprises a housing, a hydraulic system (21), a transmission system (22), a braking system (23), a chain (24), an A-end rotating shaft (25), an oil cylinder (26), a frame (27), a pressing frame (28), a guide column (29), a B-end rotating shaft (210), a rotating joint (211), a reflector grating (212), a positioning plate (213) and a photoelectric detection element (214); The hydraulic system (21), the transmission system (22) and the brake system (23) are arranged inside the box body to which the A-end rotating shaft (25) is connected; and a reflective plate grating (212) is arranged on the frame of the box body to which the A-end rotating shaft (210) is connected; A reflective plate grating (212) and a photoelectric detection element (214) are provided on the box frame to which the B-end rotating shaft (210) is connected correspondingly; The raw material collection tank (1) is located inside the frame (27) of the raw material mixing device (2); the bottom of the raw material collection tank (1) and the frame (27) are connected via a positioning plate (213); the top of the raw material collection tank (1) is in contact with the pressing frame (28); and the pressing frame (28) and the oil cylinder (26) are vertically connected; The two sides of the frame (27) are respectively connected to the inner sides of the A-end rotating shaft (25) and the B-end rotating shaft (210) via guide columns (29), and the outer side of the A-end rotating shaft (25) is connected to the corresponding box via a chain (24); The B-end rotating shaft (25) is connected to the corresponding box via a rotating joint (211).

4. The device for smelting ferrovanadium alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed pipe (4) comprises a pneumatic gate valve (41), a cylinder (42), a telescopic tube retraction detection element (43), a telescopic tube connection detection element (44), a telescopic tube (45) and a furnace material receiving portion (46); The bottom of the integrated bin (3) is connected to one end of the telescopic tube (45) of the feed pipe, and a pneumatic gate valve (41) is provided at the connection of the integrated bin (3). A cylinder (42) is connected in parallel to the outside of the telescopic tube (45), and a telescopic tube retraction detection element (43) and a telescopic tube connection detection element (44) are provided on the telescopic tube (45); The other end of the telescopic tube (45) is connected to the furnace material receiving portion (46).

5. The device for smelting ferrovanadium alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The smelting furnace (5) comprises a furnace frame, a water-cooled furnace cover (51), a water-cooled support (52), a heat-resistant inclined feeding cover (53), a furnace body (54) and an arc frame (55); The top of the furnace body (54) is connected to the water-cooled furnace cover (51), and the bottom is connected to the arc frame (55), and the arc frame (55) is located on the furnace frame; The heat-resistant inclined feeding cover (53) is arranged at the center of the water-cooled furnace cover (51); The water-cooling bracket (52) is connected above the water-cooling furnace cover (51).

6. The device for smelting ferrovanadium alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The smelting furnace (5) further comprises a hydraulically controlled one-way valve (56), a furnace tilting cylinder (57) and a maximum iron tapping angle detection element (58); A liquid one-way valve (56) is provided on the outer side of the tilting cylinder (57); The furnace tilting cylinder (57) is located below the arc frame (55) and is connected to the furnace frame, and the maximum iron tapping angle detection element (58) is provided at the connection of the furnace tilting cylinder (57).

7. The device for smelting ferrovanadium alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The smelting furnace (5) further comprises a core furnace cover three-way feeding pipe (59), a graphite electrode (510), a conductive cross arm (511), a rotating seat (512), a cross arm supporting guide wheel (513), a rotating shaft (514) and a rotating opening and closing detection element (515); The first end of the three-way feeding pipe (59) of the core furnace cover is connected to the furnace receiving portion (46), and the second end is connected to the outside world; The graphite electrode (510) is arranged in parallel with the three-way feeding pipe (59) of the core furnace cover; the upper part of the graphite electrode (510) is vertically connected to the conductive cross arm (511); the conductive cross arm (511) and the cross arm support guide wheel (513) are connected via a cross arm support in a vertical direction; The cross arm supporting guide wheel (513) is located on the furnace frame; The rotating shaft (514) is arranged on the arc frame in parallel with the cross arm support, and a rotating opening and closing detection element (515) is arranged at the connection of the rotating shaft (514); The water-cooling bracket (52) is connected to the rotating seat (512), and the rotating seat (512) is arranged on the cross arm support.

8. The device for smelting ferrovanadium alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat-resistant inclined surface feeding cover (53) comprises an A-phase electrode hole (531), a B-phase electrode hole (532), a C-phase electrode hole (533) and an inclined surface feeding hole (534); The A-phase electrode hole (531), the B-phase electrode hole (532) and the C-phase electrode hole (533) are symmetrically arranged with respect to each other and are all through holes; The cross section of the inclined feeding hole (534) is an inverted trapezoid.

9. The device for smelting ferrovanadium alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: The third end of the three-way feeding pipe (59) of the core furnace cover is connected to the inclined feeding hole (534) of the heat-resistant inclined feeding cover (53); The A-phase electrode hole (531), the B-phase electrode hole (532), and the C-phase electrode hole (533) are all penetrated by a graphite electrode (510); The bottom of the graphite electrode (510) is connected to the furnace body (54).

10. A method for smelting vanadium iron alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials, characterized in that: include: Mixing low vanadium, complex vanadium and other materials; The mixed material is fed into the device for smelting ferrovanadium alloy from low-vanadium complex vanadium raw materials as described in claims 1 to 9 for smelting; Adjust the molten pool temperature range to 1680℃-1900℃, add aluminum particles in batches to separate slag from iron, and then discharge the slag; The iron discharged from the slag is refined again to obtain vanadium-iron alloy.

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