Method for feeding red mite

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of plant protection, particularly relates to the technical field of insect feeding, and more particularly relates to a method for feeding red mite. According to the method, firstly, a red mite predatory insect population is established, then the established insect population is used for feeding red mites, the red mite predatory insects are aphids, tobacco is adopted as a host plant, and meanwhile, a proper device is adopted to complete the culture process. In cooperation with a specially-designed culture device, tobacco seedlings in the culture device can be raised for a long time and grow slowly, meanwhile, soil and leaves are provided, and the red mites can move in relatively diverse environments, so that a relatively good raising effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of plant protection, specifically relates to the technical field of insect breeding, and more specifically relates to a method for breeding giant red mite. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the chemical industry, chemical pesticides once became the dominant means in the field of plant protection. However, with the passage of time, the negative effects of chemical pesticides have gradually emerged, and their potential threat to food safety and negative impact on the ecological environment have attracted widespread attention. In addition, due to the emergence of resistance, the control effect of chemical pesticides on many pests and diseases is gradually weakening. Especially on crops, the rapid reproduction and short generation cycle of small pests make their resistance to chemical pesticides particularly serious. The long-term application of chemical pesticides not only increases the chemical residues in agricultural products, seriously threatening the quality and safety of agricultural products, but also leads to a decrease in the number of natural enemies and destroys the ecological balance.

[0003] Predatory mites have unique advantages such as small size, large prey volume, wide distribution range, rapid development and easy reproduction. These characteristics indicate that predatory mites will play a positive role in the control of small pests. In China, the resources of predatory mites are quite abundant, but relatively few have been developed.

[0004] The red mite is a generalist predatory mite that is distributed throughout the country. It has a strong ability to prey on small insects such as spider mites, aphids, whiteflies, scale insects, leafhoppers, and psyllids. In addition, this predatory mite has a long lifespan and a large prey volume, so it has great potential for industrial development. Therefore, if we can artificially breed the red mite on a large scale and release it into the field, it will help to effectively reduce the occurrence of pests and the use of pesticides, and promote the health of the ecological environment. However, it has been observed from experiments that the success rate of artificial breeding of the red mite is not high. The current artificial breeding methods are not perfect, and there is a lack of methods that can continuously cultivate for multiple generations. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for short-term breeding of giant red mite.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for raising giant red mite, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Transplant the tobacco seedlings when they have developed into 2-3 leaflets into the prepared planting pots for cultivation. A base should be placed under the planting pots, and the water in the base is used to keep the soil moist;

[0008] S2 selects wingless tobacco aphids and moves them onto tobacco seedlings, covers the seed pots with tobacco seedlings with transparent covers, and places them in a constant temperature incubator for cultivation to establish tobacco aphid populations;

[0009] S3 picks adult red mites of round fruits and puts them onto the tobacco seedlings with aphids in S2, covers the planting pots with transparent covers to form a culture device, and places the whole device in a constant temperature incubator for culture, wherein the transparent cover has mesh openings for ventilation.

[0010] Preferably, the transparent cover is made of PLA plastic material, the hollow top is closed with gauze to ensure the air permeability of the device, and the two are connected at the interface with hot melt adhesive; the diameter of the transparent cover is slightly smaller than the planting pot below, and the transparent plastic cover is aligned with the diameter of the planting pot and sealed with paper tape to ensure that the two will not shift during the experiment.

[0011] Specifically, the tobacco seedlings in step S1 are cultivated by the following soil culture method: the tobacco seedlings are placed in a seedling tray, water is added in time, and when they develop into 2-3 leaflets, they are transplanted as a whole into a prepared planting pot. During transplanting, the roots should be kept moist to reduce damage to the roots and improve the survival rate.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, the matrix in the planting pot in S1 is composed of vermiculite and nutrient soil, specifically, vermiculite and nutrient soil fully mixed in equal proportions. A base is placed under the planting pot, and water is poured into the base once every 5-10 days to keep the soil moist;

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the wingless tobacco aphids are selected and moved onto the tobacco seedlings in S2 by the following method: before collecting the tobacco seedling leaves with aphids, the operation of attracting and removing winged aphids is also included, specifically: a yellow plate is placed in a transparent cover, winged aphids are attracted and then removed to collect the tobacco seedling leaves with wingless aphids and nymphs.

[0014] Specifically, the culture conditions in the constant temperature incubators in S2 and S3 are: a temperature of 24-26° C., a relative humidity of 50-70%, and a light cycle of 15-17 h:7-9 h.

[0015] More preferably, the culture conditions in the constant temperature incubator in S2 and S3 are: a constant temperature incubator with a temperature of 25° C., a relative humidity of 60%, and a light cycle of 16h:8h.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the planting pot is a hard planting pot with a diameter of 11.5 cm and a bottom diameter of 7 cm. The transparent cover has a diameter of 11 cm and a slightly smaller bottom diameter of 7 cm. Only one giant red mite is placed in each planting pot.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the culture time in step S2 is 6-8 days; preferably, thereafter, 1-2 leaves with 40-60 tobacco aphids are collected from tobacco seedlings, placed on new tobacco seedlings, and cultured under the same conditions to achieve continuous propagation of aphids.

[0018] In another preferred embodiment, after 5-6 weeks of cultivation in step S3, adult red mites are picked from tobacco seedlings and placed on new tobacco seedlings with aphids obtained in step S2 for cultivation to ensure sufficient prey and achieve continuous rearing of red mites.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] The invention discloses a method for raising the giant red mite for generations by first establishing a population of insects preyed upon by the giant red mite, and then utilizing the established insect population.

[0021] Common hosts of the large red mite are perennial plants, such as fruit trees, tea trees or wisteria, and the present invention selects tobacco for its special considerations and advantages. Aphids, especially tobacco aphids, are selected as prey insects for the large red mite. Tobacco seedlings and tobacco aphids are widely available and easy to raise, and tobacco aphids have strong reproductive capacity and can form a large population in a short time, which provides sufficient prey objects for the large red mite, and is convenient for continuous breeding and multiplication indoors. As a host plant for tobacco aphids, tobacco seedlings have a slow growth rate and a long life cycle, which can meet the food needs of multiple generations of tobacco aphids throughout the growth cycle. At the same time, tobacco can also be used as a culture carrier for the large red mite, providing it with necessary nutrition and growth environment. At the same time, the present invention cooperates with a specially designed feeding device, which is made of readily available materials, is low in cost, and is easy to make. The tobacco seedlings in the device can be raised for a long time, with a moderate growth rate, and the presence of soil and leaves provides a habitat more similar to the natural environment for the large red mite. This three-dimensional complex habitat is conducive to the normal activities and reproduction of the large red mite, thereby achieving a better feeding effect. This has also been verified in actual experiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the breeding device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a top view of the breeding device of the present invention.

[0024] The meanings of the symbols in the figure are as follows: 1-transparent cover, 2-gauze, 3-tobacco seedlings, 4-small flower pot, 5-substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, the terms used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] The device for raising the giant red mite used in the present invention is as follows: Figure 1As shown. The upper transparent cover is made of PLA plastic, with a diameter of 11 cm and a bottom diameter of 7 cm. The hollowed-out bottom is sealed with a 200-mesh gauze to ensure the air permeability of the device, and the two are connected at the interface with hot melt adhesive. The transparent cover is cup-shaped as a whole, and other shapes, such as cylindrical, can also be selected. The flowerpot below is a Jiali hard planting pot, model 115, with a diameter of 11.5 cm and a bottom diameter of 7 cm, ensuring that the diameter of the upper transparent cover is slightly smaller than the planting pot below. After the diameter of the transparent cover and the planting pot are aligned, they are sealed with paper tape to ensure that the two will not shift during the experiment.

[0029] The host plant used in the experiment is tobacco, and the cultivation method is soil culture. First, put the tobacco seedlings in the seedling tray, 1-2 seeds per hole and add water in time. After about 3-4 weeks, when it develops into 2-3 leaflets, it will be transplanted as a whole into the prepared planting pot. During transplanting, the roots should be kept moist to reduce damage to the roots and improve the survival rate. The matrix in the planting pot is vermiculite and nutrient soil mixed in equal proportions. At the same time, a base should be placed under the planting pot. The base should be watered once a week to keep the soil moist. The seedling raising devices used in the experiment are placed in a constant temperature incubator with a temperature of 25°C, a relative humidity of 60%, and a light cycle of 16h:8h.

[0030] Embodiment 2:

[0031] The process of the method for raising the giant red mite of the present invention is as follows: the insects preyed by the giant red mite of the present invention are tobacco aphids, and the host plant is tobacco.

[0032] a. Cultivate tobacco seedlings using the device and method of Example 1, and inoculate aphids for further cultivation. Place a yellow plate in a transparent cover to attract winged aphids, remove the winged aphids, and collect tobacco seedling leaves with wingless aphids and nymphs.

[0033] Select wingless tobacco aphids and move them to the host plant in the planting pot, cover them with a transparent cover and place them in a constant temperature incubator for cultivation, the incubator temperature is 25°C, the relative humidity is 60%, and the light cycle is 16h:8h for 7 days;

[0034] b. After 7 days of cultivation, 1-2 host leaves with about 50 tobacco aphids were collected from the host plant, and the collected leaves were placed on new host plants and cultivated under the conditions of temperature of 25°C, relative humidity of 60%, and photoperiod of 16h:8h to achieve continuous propagation of aphids;

[0035] c. Use a fine brush dipped in water to pick up adult red mites collected from the wild and place them on the remaining host plants with aphids. Only one red mites is placed in each rearing device. The rearing devices with red mites are placed in a constant temperature incubator with a temperature of 25°C, a relative humidity of 60%, and a photoperiod of 16h:8h for cultivation using a transparent cover;

[0036] d. After about 5-6 weeks of cultivation, pick the adult red mites from the host plants and re-cultivate them on new tobacco seedlings with aphids to ensure sufficient prey and achieve continuous breeding of red mites.

[0037] Embodiment 3:

[0038] 1. Survival rate

[0039] 50 wild-caught giant red mites were selected and raised according to the method of the above embodiment 2. Their survival was checked daily for a total of 60 days. After 60 days, the transparent cover above was opened, and the surviving giant red mites were picked into a clean culture dish with a fine brush, and their back plates were gently touched with the brush to observe their mobility. Through the experiment, 45 healthy and surviving giant red mites were obtained, and the survival rate could reach 90%.

[0040] 2. Hatching rate and development process

[0041] The device that removed the adult mites was observed in the environment, and the egg masses of the mites attached to the host plants and the edges of the planting pots were found. After marking 200 eggs, the observation was carried out every day. After about 10-30 days, 172 mites were observed to hatch, and the hatching rate was calculated to be 86%.

[0042] The hatched red mites were raised one by one according to the method of Example 2, and their developmental stages were observed in a living environment. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0043] Table 1 Developmental period of the giant red mite

[0044]

[0045] Based on the results in Table 1, it can be seen that under artificial breeding conditions, the development cycle of the fruit mite is shorter than that in the natural environment, because the artificial environment can provide more stable conditions to ensure that it grows in the most suitable environment. The tobacco aphid can also ensure that the fruit mite has sufficient nutritional sources, thereby accelerating its development. The laboratory can control constant temperature and humidity, which is the basis for ensuring that the fruit mite grows in the most suitable environment. Artificially bred fruit mites can be used to study their biological characteristics, such as predatory behavior, developmental mechanism, etc., to provide a scientific basis for pest control. Because the fruit mite can reproduce rapidly under artificial breeding conditions, researchers can more easily collect a sufficient number of fruit mites for indoor research and a small amount of field application.

Claims

1. A method for raising giant red mite, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1 Transplant the tobacco seedlings when they have developed 2-3 leaflets into the prepared planting pots for cultivation. A base should be placed under the planting pots, and the water in the base is used to keep the soil moist; S2 selects wingless tobacco aphids and moves them onto tobacco seedlings, covers the seed pots with tobacco seedlings with transparent covers, and places them in a constant temperature incubator for cultivation to establish tobacco aphid populations; S3 picks adult red mites of round fruits and puts them onto the tobacco seedlings with aphids in S2, covers the planting pots with transparent covers to form a culture device, and places the whole device in a constant temperature incubator for culture, wherein the transparent cover has mesh openings for ventilation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The transparent cover is made of PLA plastic material, and the hollow top is closed with gauze to ensure the air permeability of the device, and the two are connected at the interface with hot melt adhesive; the diameter of the transparent cover is slightly smaller than the planting pot below, and the transparent plastic cover is aligned with the diameter of the planting pot and sealed with paper tape to ensure that the two will not shift during the experiment.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The tobacco seedlings in step S1 are cultivated by the following soil culture method: the tobacco seedlings are placed in a seedling tray, water is added in time, and when they develop into 2-3 leaflets, they are transplanted as a whole into a prepared planting pot. During transplanting, the roots should be kept moist to reduce damage to the roots and improve the survival rate.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In S1, the matrix in the planting pot is composed of vermiculite and nutrient soil, specifically, it is composed of vermiculite and nutrient soil fully mixed in equal proportions.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In S1, a base is placed under the planting pot, and water is poured into the base every 5-10 days to keep the soil moist; In S2, the wingless tobacco aphids are selected and moved onto the tobacco seedlings in the following manner: before collecting the tobacco seedling leaves with aphids, the operation of attracting and removing winged aphids is also included, specifically: a yellow plate is placed in a transparent cover, winged aphids are attracted and then removed to collect the tobacco seedling leaves with wingless aphids and nymphs.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The culture conditions in the constant temperature incubator in S2 and S3 are: temperature 24-26°C, relative humidity 50-70%, and light cycle 15-17h:7-9h.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The culture conditions in the constant temperature incubator in S2 and S3 are: temperature 25°C, relative humidity 60%, and a constant temperature incubator with a light cycle of 16h:8h.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The planting pot is a hard planting pot with a diameter of 11.5cm and a bottom diameter of 7cm. The transparent cover has a diameter of 11cm and a slightly smaller bottom diameter of 7cm. Only one round fruit giant red mite is placed in each planting pot.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The culture time in step S2 is 6-8 days; preferably, thereafter, 1-2 leaves with 40-60 tobacco aphids are collected from the tobacco seedlings, placed on new tobacco seedlings, and cultured under the same conditions to achieve continuous propagation of aphids.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that After 5-6 weeks of cultivation in step S3, adult red mites of the fruit were picked from the tobacco seedlings and placed on new tobacco seedlings with aphids obtained in step S2 for cultivation, so as to ensure sufficient prey and achieve continuous breeding of the red mites of the fruit.

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