Axial echelon grading radial pulse loading unit and mold device

Abstract

The invention relates to an axial echelon grading radial pulse loading unit and a die device.The loading unit comprises at least two stages of hammer head combinations which are sequentially distributed in the axial feeding direction of a blank, and each stage of hammer head combination comprises at least two hammer heads which are distributed in the circumferential direction and can reciprocate in the radial direction; the hammer heads are contained in guide grooves of the annular chuck, the guide grooves are used for guiding the radial movement paths of the hammer heads, the outer ring of the annular chuck is sleeved with a roller type driving device, and under the driving effect of the driving motor, the roller type driving device and the annular chuck move oppositely. And each hammer head in each stage of hammer head combination is driven to perform pulse type radial reciprocating motion. According to the invention, echelon hierarchical control of loading capacity, radial strain and loading frequency at different positions in the loading interval in the axial direction can be realized, and the formability of large-length-diameter-ratio / complex variable-cross-section pipes, bars and forgings can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of radial forging technology, and in particular to an axially stepped radial pulse loading unit and a die device. Background Art

[0002] Radial forging is an important method for forming bars, tubes and shell components of different shapes.

[0003] The main current method is to use a radial forging hammer die to perform local radial loading on the blank, but the existing technology has two major bottleneck problems: First, it can only form small-sized and simple-shaped components. When forming bars, tubes, and shell components with large sizes and large aspect ratios and other complex structures, there are problems such as large changes in wall thickness and radial dimensions at different axial positions, large differences in stress / strain distribution states, and uneven overall deformation, which can easily lead to defects such as instability and wrinkling. Second, the existing radial forging equipment does not have the function of combined pulse radial loading, and there is a problem of being unable to continuously control the structural dimensions and loading control, which makes it difficult to apply to large-sized, large aspect ratios, large diameter-thickness ratios, equal diameters / non-equal diameters, equal wall thicknesses / non-equal wall thicknesses and other complex structures.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop an axially graded radial pulse loading mold device. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an axially stepped radial pulse loading unit and a die device to solve the problem that the prior art cannot accurately forge complex structures during the radial forging process, and the forged structural parts have uneven radial processing in different loading areas.

[0006] The embodiments of the present application can be implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An axially stepped radial pulse loading unit, comprising:

[0008] At least two levels of hammer assemblies are sequentially distributed along the axial feeding direction of the blank, wherein each level of hammer assembly comprises at least two hammers distributed along the circumferential direction and capable of radial reciprocating motion, and each hammer has a working surface facing the axis of the blank;

[0009] When each hammer included in any one-stage hammer assembly is at a position with the smallest radial distance from the axis of the blank, its working surface forms the outer contour size of the blank at the hammer assembly of this stage along the circumferential direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of hammer heads included in each level of hammer head combination is unequal or equal. When the number of hammer heads included in each level of hammer head combination is equal, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head included in any level of hammer head combination is the same as or staggered with the circumferential distribution of each hammer head included in the adjacent hammer head combination.

[0011] Furthermore, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head included in each level of hammer head combination deflects toward the same rotation direction as the number of levels increases.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper limit of the axial length of the hammer head increases with the increase of the radial dimension change rate of its working surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the distance of the radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head decreases as the radial dimension change rate of its working surface increases;

[0014] And / or the frequency of the radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head increases with the increase of the radial dimension change rate of its working surface.

[0015] Furthermore, along the axial feeding direction of the blank, the axial cross-sections of the outer contour dimensions of each stage of the hammer head combination shrink continuously or stepwise.

[0016] The present application also provides an axially stepped radial pulse loading die device, comprising:

[0017] Axial step-by-step loading unit as described above;

[0018] An annular chuck, the annular chuck comprising a feed hole and at least two guide grooves, the feed hole being located at the central axis of the annular chuck, the at least two guide grooves being distributed along the circumference of the annular chuck and radially penetrating the inner and outer walls thereof, the hammer head being respectively accommodated in each of the guide grooves, at least a portion of the hammer head extending into the guide groove, and at least a portion of the other end protruding radially from the outer wall of the annular chuck, and being connected to the annular chuck via an elastic reset member;

[0019] The driving assembly is used to drive each hammer in each level of hammer assembly to perform pulsed radial reciprocating motion.

[0020] Further, the driving assembly includes at least one roller driving device and a driving motor, the roller driving device is coated on the outside of the annular chuck, and each roller of the roller driving device is in contact with the outer wall of the annular chuck and the radially protruding part of the hammer head assembly, and the driving motor drives the hammer head to move radially in the guide groove;

[0021] The driving motor is used to drive the annular chuck and each roller in the roller driving device to perform circumferential relative motion.

[0022] Furthermore, a driving surface is provided at one end of the hammer head radially protruding from the outer wall of the annular chuck, the driving surface faces away from the working surface and is arranged in an arc shape with a high top middle portion and low ends, and the driving surface cooperates with the roller in the roller type driving device.

[0023] Furthermore, the hammer head includes a hammer head slider, a hammer head member, a torsion spring and a gasket, the side of the hammer head member facing the feed hole is a working surface, the side of the hammer head slider facing away from the feed hole is a driving surface, the hammer head slider and the hammer head member are elastically connected along the radial direction of the annular chuck through a torsion spring, and the gasket is arranged between the connecting surfaces of the hammer head slider and the hammer head member.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a slide groove, which is composed of a first structure and a second structure, the second structure is connected to the end of the first structure and extends outward along the circumference of the annular chuck, the first structure is accommodated in the guide groove, and the second structure is limited between the outer wall of the annular chuck and the radially protruding part of the hammer head, and the elastic reset member is connected to the hammer head through the second structure.

[0025] Further, the annular chuck further comprises a groove, which is arranged on the outer wall of the annular chuck along the circumference of the annular chuck and is connected with the guide groove;

[0026] The second structure and the end of the driving surface are both limited to be located in the groove, and when the hammer head is at a position with the smallest radial distance from the axis of the blank, the outer wall of the annular chuck and the driving surface are smoothly transitioned.

[0027] Furthermore, each groove is provided with at least two accommodating blind holes, at least two of the accommodating blind holes are provided on both sides of the guide groove, and one end thereof is communicated with the groove, and the elastic reset member is accommodated in the accommodating blind hole.

[0028] Furthermore, the number of the annular chucks is greater than 1, and two adjacent annular chucks are connected integrally along the axial direction, or are connected separately along the axial direction, and each of the separately connected annular chucks rotates synchronously along the circumferential direction, and the integrally connected annular chucks are used to accommodate no more than two-stage hammer head combinations.

[0029] Furthermore, the roller-type driving device is arranged corresponding to each stage of the hammer head combination, and the diameter or number of rollers of each roller-type driving device is determined by the radial dimension change rate of each hammer head working surface in its corresponding hammer head combination.

[0030] Furthermore, the maximum outer diameter of the annular chuck is ≥1.5 meters, and the maximum outer diameter of the roller drive device is ≥1.8 meters;

[0031] The forming diameter range of the blank is Φ10mm~Φ500mm, and the length range of the deformation section is 30mm~1000mm.

[0032] The axially stepped radial pulse loading unit and mold device provided by the embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The loading unit in the present application includes at least two levels of hammer head assemblies distributed in sequence along the axial feed direction of the blank, each level of the hammer head assembly includes at least two hammer heads distributed along the circumferential direction and capable of radial reciprocating motion, the hammer heads are accommodated in the guide grooves of the annular chuck, the guide grooves are used to guide the radial movement paths of each hammer head, the outer ring sleeve of the annular chuck is provided with a roller type drive device, under the driving action of the driving motor, the roller type drive device and the annular chuck move relative to each other, thereby driving each hammer head in each level of the hammer head assembly to perform pulsed radial reciprocating motion.

[0034] By axially grading the radial loading die and co-optimizing the axial / circumferential distribution (axial width / spacing, circumferential distribution / angle relationship, etc.) of multiple sets of dies, the radial load and loading frequency of different loading areas can be regulated in stages. The present invention can be applied to the plastic forming and manufacturing of different shells, pipes, and bar components with equal diameters / non-equal diameters and equal wall thicknesses / non-equal wall thicknesses. The cross-sectional shapes of the components include different structures such as rotating bodies / non-rotating bodies. The load, radial strain, and loading frequency at different positions in the axial loading interval can be controlled in stages, which is beneficial to improving the formability of large aspect ratio / complex variable cross-section pipes, bars, and forgings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an axially graded radial pulse loading mold device of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an exploded state of an axially stepped radial pulse loading mold device of the present application;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hammer head assembly in this application;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the annular chuck in this application;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hammer head in this application;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chute in this application

[0041] Figure 8 For along Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the CC direction.

[0042] Numbers in the figure

[0043] 1- annular chuck; 10- mounting cover; 11- feeding hole; 12- guide groove; 13- groove; 14- receiving blind hole;

[0044] 2-Roller drive;

[0045] 3- hammer head; 301- working surface; 302- driving surface; 31- hammer head slider; 32- hammer head member; 33- torsion spring; 34- gasket;

[0046] 4-chute; 41-first structure; 42-second structure;

[0047] 5-Elastic reset element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Hereinafter, the present application will be further described based on preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] In addition, various components on the drawings are enlarged (thickened) or reduced (thinned) for ease of understanding, but this practice is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] Words importing the singular also include the plural and vice versa.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the products of the embodiments of the present application are usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, in the description of the present application, in order to distinguish different units, the words first, second, etc. are used in this specification, but these are not limited by the order of manufacture, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, and their names may be different in the detailed description and claims of the present application.

[0052] The vocabulary in this specification is used to illustrate the embodiments of the present application, but is not intended to limit the present application. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection between the two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be specifically understood.

[0053] like Figure 1-6As shown, an axially stepped and graded radial pulse loading die device comprises at least two stages of hammer head assemblies sequentially distributed along the axial feeding direction of the blank, an annular chuck 1, and a driving assembly, wherein each stage of the hammer head assembly comprises at least two hammer heads 3 distributed along the circumferential direction and capable of radial reciprocating motion, a feed hole 11 is provided at the central axis of the annular chuck 1 for feeding the blank along the axial direction of the feed hole 11, at least two guide grooves 12 are provided on the annular chuck 1, at least two of the guide grooves 12 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular chuck 1 and radially penetrate the inner and outer walls thereof, at least two of the hammer heads 3 are respectively accommodated in each of the guide grooves 12, and the guide grooves 12 are used to guide the radial movement path of each hammer head 3 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0054] Furthermore, each of the hammer heads 3 has a working surface 301 facing the axis of the feed hole 11, and at least a portion of the other end radially protrudes from the outer wall of the annular chuck 1, and is connected to the annular chuck 1 through an elastic reset member 5, and the elastic reset member 5 is used to elastically reset the hammer head 3 radially outward; the driving component is arranged on the outside of the annular chuck 1 and contacts with the radially protruding portion of the hammer head 3, and the driving component drives the hammer head 3 to move radially in the guide groove 12 until the working surface 301 of the hammer head 3 moves to protrude from the inner wall of the annular chuck 1.

[0055] When each hammer 3 included in any one-stage hammer combination is at the position with the smallest radial distance from the axis of the feed hole 11, the working surface 301 of the hammer 3 forms the outer contour size of the blank at the hammer combination of this stage along the circumferential direction. By axially grading the radial blank and co-optimizing the axial / circumferential distribution (axial width / spacing, circumferential distribution / angle relationship, etc.) of the multi-stage hammer combination, the radial load and loading frequency of different loading areas can be regulated in stages. It can be applied to the plastic forming and manufacturing of different shells, pipes, and rod components with equal diameter / non-equal diameter and equal wall thickness / non-equal wall thickness, and the cross-sectional shape of the component includes different structures such as rotating body / non-rotating body.

[0056] In some preferred embodiments, along the axial feeding direction of the blank, the axial cross-section of the outer contour dimensions of each level of hammer head combination shrinks continuously or stepwise, so that as the feeding process of the blank progresses, the radial dimension of the forged part continues to shrink.

[0057] In some preferred embodiments, the number of hammer heads 3 included in each level of hammer head combination is unequal or equal. When the number of hammer heads 3 included in each level of hammer head combination is equal, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head 3 included in any level of hammer head combination is the same as or staggered with the circumferential distribution of each hammer head 3 included in the adjacent hammer head combination, which is used to improve the uneven deformation of the blank, which is prone to causing instability and wrinkling and other defects.

[0058] Furthermore, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head 3 contained in each level of hammer head combination deflects to the same rotation direction as the number of levels increases, so as to avoid the problems of large-sized billets having large changes in wall thickness and radial dimensions at different axial positions, large differences in stress / strain distribution states, and uneven overall deformation, which can easily lead to defects such as instability and wrinkling.

[0059] Furthermore, the upper limit of the axial length of the hammer head 3 increases with the increase of the radial dimension change rate of its working surface 301 , that is, the greater the curvature of the working surface 301 toward the feed hole 11 , the greater the axial length of the hammer head 3 .

[0060] Furthermore, the distance of the radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head 3 decreases as the radial dimension change rate of its working surface increases, and / or the frequency of the radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head 3 increases as the radial dimension change rate of its working surface increases, that is, along the axial direction of the blank, the greater the degree of curvature of the surface of the blank to be forged, the greater the radial displacement distance of the hammer head 3 along the annular chuck 1, and accordingly, the forging frequency will also increase, making the curved surface at the forged location smoother.

[0061] In some preferred embodiments, a driving surface 302 is provided at one end of the hammer head 3 radially protruding from the outer wall of the annular chuck 1, and the driving surface 302 faces away from the working surface 301, and is arranged in an arc surface with a high top middle part and low ends, so that the radial depression amount and displacement curve of each group of hammer heads 3 can be adjusted by designing different arc surface angles and asymmetric arc surfaces, thereby optimizing the motion matching degree of the designed combined array hammer heads.

[0062] In some preferred embodiments, in order to enable the hammer head 3 to be better forged into an outer contour size and prolong its service life, the present embodiment further optimizes the structure of the hammer head 3, such as Figure 5 As shown, the hammer 3 includes a hammer slider 31, a hammer member 32, a torsion spring 33 and a gasket 34. The side of the hammer member 32 facing the feed hole 11 is a working surface 301, and the side of the hammer slider 31 facing away from the feed hole 11 is a driving surface. The hammer slider 31 and the hammer member 32 are elastically connected along the radial direction of the annular chuck 1 through the torsion spring 33. The gasket 34 is arranged between the connecting surfaces of the hammer slider 31 and the hammer member 32 to provide a buffer for the relative movement between the hammer slider 31 and the hammer member 32.

[0063] In some preferred embodiments, in order to reduce the friction force when the hammer head 3 and the annular chuck 1 move relative to each other, the mold device further includes a slide groove 4, such as Figure 6As shown, the slide groove 4 is composed of a first structure 41 and a second structure 42, and also includes a slide groove 4, the slide groove 4 is composed of a first structure 41 and a second structure 42, the second structure 42 is connected to the end of the first structure 41, and extends outward along the circumference of the annular chuck 1, the first structure 41 is accommodated in the guide groove 12, the second structure 42 is limited between the outer wall of the annular chuck 1 and the radially protruding part of the hammer head 3, and the elastic reset member 5 is connected to the hammer head 3 through the second structure 42.

[0064] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the annular chuck 1 also includes a groove 13, and the groove 13 is arranged on the outer wall of the annular chuck 1 along the circumference of the annular chuck 1, and is connected with the guide groove 12, and the ends of the second structure 42 and the driving surface 302 are both limited in the groove 13, and when the hammer head 3 is at the position with the smallest radial distance from the axis of the blank, the outer wall of the annular chuck 1 and the driving surface 302 have a smooth transition, so that the driving device drives the hammer head 3 to move radially by rotation.

[0065] In some preferred embodiments, the annular chuck 1 also includes an accommodating blind hole 14, and each groove 13 is provided with at least two accommodating blind holes 14, at least two of the accommodating blind holes 14 are arranged on both sides of the guide groove 12, and one end is connected with the groove 13, and the accommodating blind hole 14 is used to accommodate the elastic reset member 5.

[0066] In some preferred embodiments, a through hole structure corresponding to the accommodating blind hole 14 is provided on the second structure 42, one end of the elastic reset member 5 passes through the through hole structure of the second structure 42, and is connected to the radially protruding portion of the hammer head slider 31, and the elastic reset member 5 is used to elastically reset the hammer head radially outward.

[0067] In some preferred embodiments, the elastic return member 5 includes an elastic material with elastic restoring force such as a spring, a rubber band, a balloon, etc. Of course, since the impact force of the hammer head 3 in this embodiment is relatively large during the forging process, a spring is more suitable for this embodiment, but the spring in this embodiment does not limit the form of the elastic return member 5.

[0068] In some preferred embodiments, the driving assembly includes at least one roller driving device 2 and a driving motor, wherein the roller driving device 2 is covered on the outside of the annular chuck 1, and each roller of the roller driving device 2 is in contact with the outer wall of the annular chuck 1, and the driving motor is used to drive the annular chuck 1 and each roller in the roller driving device 2 to perform circumferential relative movement. When the roller driving device 2 rotates, the roller driving device 2 presses over the driving surface 302 of the hammer head 3, thereby driving the hammer head 3 to move toward the feed hole 11 to forge the blank.

[0069] Obviously, in some preferred embodiments, the driving motor can be connected to the annular chuck 1, so that the multi-stage hammer head combination located in the same annular chuck 1 can be driven to rotate synchronously, and the driving motor can also be connected to the roller type driving device 2. By setting multiple groups of driving motors and connecting them one by one with the roller type driving devices respectively, the loading stroke and frequency of each stage of the hammer head combination can be independently controlled.

[0070] In some preferred embodiments, the roller drive device 2 is arranged corresponding to the hammer head combination of each stage, and the diameter or number of the rollers of each roller drive device 2 is determined by the radial size change rate of each hammer head working surface 301 in the corresponding hammer head combination, that is, if the amplitude of the radial displacement of the hammer head 3 is small, the diameter of the roller can be set to a small size, and accordingly, the number of rollers will increase; if the frequency of the radial displacement of the hammer head 3 is increased, the diameter of the roller can be set to a large size, so that the outer bearing, roller and other structures of the roller drive device 2 can be adjusted to make the loading frequencies of different hammer heads 3 in the same level of hammer head combination different when the rotation speed of the annular chuck 1 is constant.

[0071] In some preferred embodiments, the number of the annular chucks 1 is greater than 1, and two adjacent annular chucks 1 are connected integrally along the axial direction, or are connected separately along the axial direction, and each of the separately connected annular chucks 1 rotates synchronously along the circumferential direction, and the integrally connected annular chucks 1 are used to accommodate no more than two levels of hammer head combinations, so as to realize axial step-by-step grading of the mold device.

[0072] Accordingly, in some preferred embodiments, two axially adjacent annular chucks 1 may be provided with the same roller drive device 2, or roller drive devices 2 corresponding thereto may be provided one by one, so as to achieve synchronous / independent control of the loading stroke and loading frequency of the hammer head 3 in each level of the hammer head combination.

[0073] In some preferred embodiments, the maximum outer diameter of the annular chuck 1 is ≥1.5 meters, the maximum outer diameter of the roller drive device 2 is ≥1.8 meters, the forming diameter range of the blank is Φ10mm~Φ500mm, and the length range of the deformation section is 30mm~1000mm.

[0074] In some preferred embodiments, each layer of the annular chuck 1 is circumferentially positioned by a key / keyway and axially tightened by a bolt.

[0075] In some preferred embodiments, in order to facilitate the positioning of the hammer head 3 in the guide groove 12 and the displacement path, the mold device also includes a mounting cover 10, and the mounting cover 10 is installed on the outer side of the annular chuck 1, so that the mounting cover 10 can serve as a side wall of the guide groove 12 to position the hammer head 3 in the guide groove 12 without axial displacement.

[0076] The following is a detailed description of this application in conjunction with the specific process:

[0077] Each hammer head member 32 is rigidly connected to the hammer head slider 31 on the outside along the radial direction through a torsion spring 33. During the rotation of the annular chuck 1, the arc-shaped driving surface 302 of each hammer head slider 31 interacts with the roller of the roller drive device 2, thereby realizing a combined radial pulse loading motion. When the driving surface 302 at the top of the hammer head slider 31 rotates to the top of the roller, the radial maximum load of the hammer head 3 is reached. At this time, the hammer head 3 is at the minimum radial distance from the axis of the blank. Then, the centrifugal force of the rotation process and the elastic reset member 4 are used to reset the hammer head 3. At this time, the arc-shaped top of the driving surface 302 rotates to the roller gap, and the hammer head 3 is at the maximum radial distance from the axis of the blank.

[0078] On this basis, since at least two levels of hammer head combinations are provided, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head 3 contained in each level of hammer head combination deflects to the same rotation direction as the number of levels increases, so that when the driving assembly drives the annular chuck to rotate, at least two levels of hammer head combinations rotate and work in the same direction, and each hammer head forges the blank in the radial direction, ensuring that each forging surface of the blank is hammered more evenly and the force is more balanced under the action of radial movement and circumferential rotational movement.

[0079] The above is a detailed introduction to the specific implementation methods of the present application. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications may be made to the present application without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An axially graded radial pulse loading unit, characterized in that: include: At least two levels of hammer assemblies are sequentially distributed along the axial feeding direction of the blank, wherein each level of the hammer assembly comprises at least two hammers (3) distributed along the circumferential direction and capable of radial reciprocating motion, and each hammer (3) has a working surface (301) facing the axis of the blank; When each hammer (3) included in any one-stage hammer assembly is at a position with the smallest radial distance from the axis of the blank, its working surface (301) forms the outer contour dimension of the blank at the hammer assembly of that stage along the circumferential direction.

2. The axial step-by-step radial pulse loading unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of hammer heads (3) included in each level of hammer head combination is unequal or equal. When the number of hammer heads (3) included in each level of hammer head combination is equal, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head (3) included in any level of hammer head combination is the same as or staggered with the circumferential distribution of each hammer head (3) included in the adjacent hammer head combination.

3. The axial step-by-step radial pulse loading unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The circumferential distribution of each hammer head (3) included in each hammer head assembly is deflected towards the same rotation direction as the number of stages increases.

4. The axially graded radial pulse loading unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper limit of the axial length of the hammer head (3) increases with the increase of the radial dimension change rate of its working surface.

5. The axial step-by-step radial pulse loading unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distance of radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head (3) decreases as the radial dimension change rate of its working surface increases; And / or the frequency of the radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head (3) increases as the radial dimension change rate of its working surface increases.

6. The axial step-by-step radial pulse loading unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the axial feeding direction of the blank, the axial cross-sections of the outer contour dimensions of each stage of the hammer head combination shrink continuously or stepwise.

7. An axially graded radial pulse loading die device, characterized in that: include: The axial step-by-step loading unit according to claim 1; An annular chuck (1), the annular chuck (1) comprising a feed hole (11) and at least two guide grooves (12), the feed hole (11) being located at the central axis of the annular chuck (1), the at least two guide grooves (12) being distributed along the circumference of the annular chuck (1) and radially penetrating the inner and outer walls thereof, each guide groove (12) accommodating a hammer head (3), at least a portion of the hammer head (3) extending into the guide groove (12), and at least a portion of the other end protruding radially from the outer wall of the annular chuck (1), and being connected to the annular chuck (1) via an elastic reset member (5); The driving assembly is used to drive each hammer head (3) in each level of the hammer head assembly to perform pulse-type radial reciprocating motion.

8. The axially stepped radial pulse loading die device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises at least one roller driving device (2) and a driving motor, wherein the roller driving device (2) is coated on the outside of the annular chuck (1), and each roller of the roller driving device (2) contacts the outer wall of the annular chuck (1) and contacts the radially protruding portion of the hammer head 3, and the driving motor drives the hammer head (3) to move radially in the guide groove (12); The driving motor is used to drive the annular chuck (1) and each roller in the roller-type driving device (2) to perform circumferential relative movement.

9. The axially stepped radial pulse loading die device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A driving surface (302) is provided at one end of the hammer head (3) protruding radially from the outer wall of the annular chuck (1). The driving surface (302) faces away from the working surface (301) and has a top that is an arc surface with a high middle portion and low ends. The driving surface (302) cooperates with the roller in the roller drive device (2).

10. The axially stepped radial pulse loading mold device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hammer head (3) comprises a hammer head slider (31), a hammer head member (32), a torsion spring (33) and a gasket (34); a side of the hammer head member (32) facing the feed hole (11) is a working surface (301); a side of the hammer head slider (31) facing away from the feed hole (11) is a driving surface (302); the hammer head slider (31) and the hammer head member (32) are elastically connected along the radial direction of the annular chuck (1) via the torsion spring (33); and the gasket (34) is arranged between the connecting surfaces of the hammer head slider (31) and the hammer head member (32).

11. The axially stepped radial pulse loading mold device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a slide groove (4), wherein the slide groove (4) is composed of a first structure (41) and a second structure (42), wherein the second structure (42) is connected to the end of the first structure (41) and extends outwardly along the circumference of the annular chuck (1), the first structure (41) is accommodated in the guide groove (12), the second structure (42) is limited between the outer wall of the annular chuck (1) and the radially protruding part of the hammer head (3), and the elastic reset member (5) is connected to the hammer head (3) through the second structure (42).

12. The axially stepped radial pulse loading die device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The annular chuck (1) further comprises a groove (13), wherein the groove (13) is arranged on the outer wall of the annular chuck (1) along the circumference of the annular chuck (1) and is connected to the guide groove (12); The ends of the second structure (42) and the driving surface (302) are both limited to be located within the groove (13), and when the hammer head (3) is at a position with a minimum radial distance from the axis of the blank, the outer wall of the annular chuck (1) and the driving surface (302) smoothly transition.

13. The axially stepped radial pulse loading die device according to claim 12, characterized in that: Each groove (13) is provided with at least two accommodating blind holes (14), at least two of the accommodating blind holes (14) are provided on both sides of the guide groove (12), and one end thereof is connected with the groove (13), and the elastic reset member (5) is accommodated in the accommodating blind hole (14).

14. The axially stepped radial pulse loading die device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the annular chucks (1) is greater than 1, and two adjacent annular chucks (1) are connected in an integral manner along the axial direction, or are connected in a split manner along the axial direction. The separately connected annular chucks (1) rotate synchronously in the circumferential direction, and the integrally connected annular chucks (1) are used to accommodate no more than two-stage hammer head combinations.

15. The axially stepped radial pulse loading die device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The roller drive device (2) is arranged corresponding to each level of the hammer head assembly, and the diameter or number of rollers of each roller drive device (2) is determined by the radial dimension change rate of each hammer head working surface in its corresponding hammer head assembly.

16. The axially stepped radial pulse loading die device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The maximum outer diameter of the annular chuck (1) is ≥1.5 meters, and the maximum outer diameter of the roller drive device (2) is ≥1.8 meters; The forming diameter range of the blank is Φ10mm~Φ500mm, and the length range of the deformation section is 30mm~1000mm.

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