Energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace. The energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein a heat preservation mechanism for heating and heat insulation is arranged in the furnace body; through cooperative arrangement of the heat preservation mechanism, the treatment mechanism and the condenser, the beneficial effects of energy saving and reduction are achieved, meanwhile, the reduction efficiency is improved, reduction operation is carried out through one-time feeding and discharging, generated energy can be recycled, meanwhile, a cooling step is omitted, and therefore the requirements of people are met; by means of the heat preservation mechanism, separated heating is achieved, the temperature of primary reduction and the temperature of secondary reduction are separately controlled, temperature separation and heat preservation operation are achieved, the treatment mechanism conducts feeding in a pushing feeding mode, meanwhile, feeding reduction and discharging operation can be continuously conducted, meanwhile, the continuity in the reduction process is guaranteed, and the production efficiency is improved. And heat exchange can be completed in cooperation with a heat exchanger, so that energy recovery is facilitated, and meanwhile, freezing cycle operation of hydrogen is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of reduction furnaces, and in particular to an energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace. Background Art

[0002] The energy consumption of tungsten and molybdenum reduction furnaces in the prior art is relatively high. Since my country introduced the tungsten and molybdenum industry from the Soviet Union in the early 1950s, it has been using the Soviet Union's circular tube return furnace (for primary reduction) and eleven-tube furnace (for secondary reduction) to produce tungsten and molybdenum pure metal powders. The disadvantages are low output, high labor intensity, and the hydrogen drying and recycling system uses caustic soda adsorption method, and the waste alkaline water generated pollutes the environment; It was not until the 1980s that the production of pure tungsten and molybdenum metals shifted from military to civilian use. In order to increase production capacity, many manufacturers switched to flat square tube return furnaces for production, which were still divided into primary reduction and secondary reduction. The disadvantage of this furnace is that the furnace tube is too long, which is not conducive to the reduction reaction, and the material boat is easily deformed under high temperature due to the huge thrust.

[0003] In addition, in the prior art, a multi-tube rotary furnace (i.e., multiple furnace tubes rotating around a central axis in the furnace) is used for production. Various types of (single-tube or multi-tube) hydrogen rotary furnaces are also used in China. This type of furnace does not use a material boat, but relies on the metal powder to be turned in the furnace tube. It is difficult to maintain, and the metal dust loss is large, and the fine particle size of the metal powder is difficult to control.

[0004] In summary, due to the easy sublimation characteristics of the high-multiple oxides of tungsten and molybdenum powders, in order to obtain fine-grained pure tungsten and molybdenum powders, the use of reduction furnaces in the prior art still adopts a secondary loading and unloading method, that is, cooling and taking out after the first reduction, and then cooling and taking out after the second reduction, which is cumbersome, causes energy waste, and is not conducive to automation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace, which has the advantage of energy saving, adopts a one-time feeding and discharging method to carry out reduction operations, and reduces a cooling step. At the same time, it can recycle and reuse the energy in the reduction process, thereby achieving energy saving effects and increasing the reduction efficiency, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace, comprising a furnace body: The furnace body is provided with a heat preservation mechanism for heating and heat insulation, the furnace body is also provided with a processing mechanism for reducing tungsten and molybdenum materials, and a condensation component is provided on the back of one end of the furnace body; The heat preservation mechanism comprises a barrier component and a heating module, wherein the barrier component is arranged inside the furnace body, and the heating module is arranged inside the barrier component; The processing mechanism includes a conveying component, a pushing component, a heat exchange component, a sinking component and a hydrogen inlet and outlet component. The conveying component is arranged inside the barrier component, the pushing component is arranged at the outer end of the conveying component, the heat exchange component is arranged at one end of the furnace body, the sinking component is arranged above the conveying component, and the hydrogen inlet and outlet component is arranged outside the conveying component. The heat preservation mechanism performs heat insulation and stratification, and is progressively reduced through the processing mechanism, and energy is recycled and reused according to the heat recovery method, thereby reducing the tungsten and molybdenum cooling steps.

[0007] Exemplarily, the barrier assembly includes an insulation layer, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the furnace body, an insulating load-bearing wall is fixedly mounted at equal intervals on the bottom of the inner cavity of the insulation layer, and an insulation layer is also fixedly mounted on the top of the inner cavity of the insulation layer.

[0008] Exemplarily, the heating module includes a heating furnace wire and an alumina tube, wherein the alumina tube is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the thermal insulation layer, and the heating furnace wire surrounds the outer side of the alumina tube.

[0009] Exemplarily, the conveying assembly includes a first furnace tube, which is installed in a through-type manner in the upper part of the furnace body and the inner cavity of the insulation layer, a flange at one end of the bottom of the first furnace tube is connected to a sinking pipe, a bottom flange of the sinking pipe is connected to a second furnace tube, and a bottom flange at one end of the second furnace tube is connected to a third furnace tube.

[0010] Exemplarily, first furnace doors are rotatably mounted on both ends of the first furnace tube, and a second furnace door is rotatably mounted on one end of the third furnace tube.

[0011] Exemplarily, the pusher assembly includes a first pusher rod, which is slidably installed through one end of the second furnace tube, and a second pusher rod is slidably installed through the other end of the third furnace tube.

[0012] Exemplarily, the sinking assembly includes a connecting rod, wherein the connecting rod is slidably connected to one end of the top of the first furnace tube, a boat sinker is bolted to the bottom end of the connecting rod, and a boat is placed inside the first furnace tube.

[0013] Exemplarily, the heat exchange assembly includes a furnace tube heat exchanger and a hydrogen heat exchanger, wherein the furnace tube heat exchanger is fixedly mounted on the top of one end of the insulation layer, and the hydrogen heat exchanger is fixedly mounted on the bottom of one end of the insulation layer.

[0014] Exemplarily, the hydrogen inlet and outlet assembly includes a hot hydrogen inlet pipe, which is connected to one side of the sinking connecting pipe, one side of the hydrogen heat exchanger is connected to a second cold hydrogen inlet pipe, the other side of the hydrogen heat exchanger is connected to a hot hydrogen exhaust pipe, and one end of the top of the third furnace tube is connected to the first cold hydrogen inlet pipe.

[0015] Exemplarily, the condensation assembly includes a series pipe and a condenser, wherein the series pipe is respectively connected to one end of the top of the first furnace tube and the bottom of the hydrogen heat exchanger, and the other end of the series pipe is connected to the condenser.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention achieves the advantages of energy-saving reduction and increases the reduction efficiency by coordinating the heat preservation mechanism, the processing mechanism and the heat exchanger. The reduction operation is carried out by one-time feeding and discharging, and the generated energy can be recycled and reused. At the same time, a cooling step is reduced to meet people's needs. The heat preservation mechanism is used to not only realize separated heating, but also to set the temperature of the primary reduction and the secondary reduction separately, and realize temperature separation and heat preservation operation. The processing mechanism adopts the method of pushing and feeding to feed, and can continuously carry out feeding reduction and discharging operations, while ensuring the continuity of the reduction process. The heat exchanger can be cooperated to complete the heat exchange, so as to recover the energy and facilitate the freezing cycle operation of hydrogen.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become obvious from the description, or be understood by implementing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace body of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heating group structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the furnace structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the processing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first furnace tube of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hot hydrogen exhaust pipe structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. furnace body; 2. insulation mechanism; 21. insulation layer; 22. insulation load-bearing wall; 23. insulation layer; 24. heating module; 3. processing mechanism; 31. first furnace tube; 32. sinking pipe; 33. second furnace tube; 34. third furnace tube; 35. material boat; 36. connecting rod; 37. boat sinker; 38. hot hydrogen inlet pipe; 39. first material pusher; 310. furnace tube heat exchanger; 311. hydrogen heat exchanger; 312. second material pusher; 313. second cold hydrogen inlet pipe; 314. hot hydrogen exhaust pipe; 315. first cold hydrogen inlet pipe; 4. condenser. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention provides an energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace, comprising a furnace body 1: The furnace body 1 is provided with a heat preservation mechanism 2 for heating and heat insulation, and the furnace body 1 is also provided with a processing mechanism 3 for reducing tungsten and molybdenum materials, and a condensation component is provided on the back of one end of the furnace body 1; The condensing assembly is mainly used to realize the refrigeration cycle pressurization system and perform condensation drainage operations; The heat preservation mechanism 2 includes a barrier component and a heating module 24, the barrier component is arranged inside the furnace body 1, and the heating module 24 is arranged inside the barrier component; The insulation and heat separation are achieved through the barrier components, the heating module 24 realizes the heating operation, and the temperature is controlled by using a thyristor temperature controller and a thermocouple sensor placed in the furnace top; The processing mechanism 3 includes a conveying component, a pushing component, a heat exchange component, a sinking component and a hydrogen inlet and outlet component. The conveying component is arranged inside the barrier component, the pushing component is arranged at the outer end of the conveying component, the heat exchange component is arranged at one end of the furnace body 1, the sinking component is arranged above the conveying component, and the hydrogen inlet and outlet component is arranged outside the conveying component; The conveying component is used to carry out the primary and secondary reduction of tungsten and molybdenum, and is convenient for sampling materials. The sinking component is conducive to the feeding between the primary and secondary reduction of the conveying component. The heat exchange component can realize heat exchange, so as to recycle the heat for water reuse. The pushing component is conducive to the feeding operation during feeding, so as to facilitate the continuous pushing operation. The hydrogen inlet and outlet component is conducive to the inlet and outlet operation of hot and cold hydrogen through pipelines and control valves; The heat preservation mechanism 2 performs heat insulation and stratification, and is progressively reduced through the processing mechanism 3, and energy is recycled and reused according to the heat recovery method, thereby reducing the tungsten and molybdenum cooling steps.

[0022] in: like Figure 3 As shown, the barrier assembly includes a thermal insulation layer 21, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the furnace body 1, and a thermal insulation load-bearing wall 22 is fixedly installed at equal intervals at the bottom of the inner cavity of the thermal insulation layer 21, and a thermal insulation layer 23 is also fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity of the thermal insulation layer 21, thereby realizing thermal insulation and heat insulation operations to ensure that the internal heat will not leak out.

[0023] The heat-insulating layer 21 realizes the heat-insulating operation, while the heat-insulating layer 23 realizes the heat-insulating operation, and the heat-insulating load-bearing wall 22 is conducive to separating areas of different weights and bearing the weight of the furnace pipe; The thermal insulation layer 21 may be made of any one or more of rock wool, mineral wool board, alumina fiber cloth, porous vacuum silicon, foamed ceramic, cement aerogel board, etc. or used in combination; The heat-insulating load-bearing wall 22 is made of corundum refractory bricks; The heat insulation layer 23 can be made of silicon carbide plate, aluminum oxide plate, aluminum oxide high temperature cotton, etc., or any one or a combination of silicon carbide plate, aluminum oxide high temperature cotton, and boron nitride paper to ensure the required temperature gradient. like Figure 3 As shown, the heating module 24 includes a heating furnace wire and an alumina tube. The alumina tube is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the insulation layer 21, and the heating furnace wire surrounds the outer side of the alumina to realize heating work so as to heat to the required temperature.

[0024] Another embodiment of the heating module 24 is provided as follows: The load-bearing support is realized by installing a silicon carbide plate at the original position, and then an insulating refractory brick groove is installed on the top of the silicon carbide plate. At this time, a heating furnace wire can be installed inside the insulating refractory brick groove, thereby forming a heating operation; The actual temperature during the primary reduction process is between 450°C and 650°C, and the temperature during the secondary reduction process is between 800°C and 900°C; Preferred: like Figure 7 As shown, the conveying assembly includes a first furnace tube 31, which is installed in a through-type manner in the upper part of the inner cavity of the furnace body 1 and the thermal insulation layer 21, and a flange at one end of the bottom of the first furnace tube 31 is connected to a sinking pipe 32, and a bottom flange of the sinking pipe 32 is connected to a second furnace tube 33, and a bottom flange at one end of the second furnace tube 33 is connected to a third furnace tube 34, so as to realize the functions of feeding and changing different temperature zones.

[0025] The first furnace tube 31, the sinking pipe 32, the second furnace tube 33 and the third furnace tube 34 are connected to form an S-shaped pipeline for feeding materials and performing primary and secondary reduction; like Figure 7 As shown, both ends of the first furnace tube 31 are rotatably mounted with a first furnace door, and one end of the third furnace tube 34 is rotatably mounted with a second furnace door, which is convenient for feeding and discharging, and can also facilitate sampling of materials after a reduction, and can achieve the effect of explosion-proof and pressure relief.

[0026] like Figure 7 As shown, the pushing assembly includes a first pushing rod 39, which is slidably installed on one end of the second furnace tube 33, and a second pushing rod 312 is slidably installed on the other end of the third furnace tube 34. An external mechanical push method can be used to push the material during feeding, and the material can be pushed by an external electric push rod.

[0027] like Figure 7 As shown, the sinking assembly includes a connecting rod 36, which is slidably connected to one end of the top of the first furnace tube 31, and a boat sinker 37 is bolted to the bottom end of the connecting rod 36. A material boat 35 is placed inside the first furnace tube 31 to facilitate the downward feeding of the material boat 35 containing tungsten and molybdenum raw materials after the first reduction, so as to achieve secondary reduction. The pushing method of the connecting rod 36 can be adopted by an external electric push rod.

[0028] like Figure 7 As shown, the heat exchange component includes a furnace tube heat exchanger 310 and a hydrogen heat exchanger 311. The furnace tube heat exchanger 310 is fixedly installed on the top of one end of the insulation layer 21, and the hydrogen heat exchanger 311 is fixedly installed on the bottom of one end of the insulation layer 21, so as to facilitate the heat exchange recovery of the furnace tube and the heat exchange recovery of the hydrogen. The heat exchanger in the prior art can be used for energy recovery, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving.

[0029] like Figure 7 As shown, the hydrogen inlet and outlet components include a hot hydrogen inlet pipe 38, which is connected to one side of the sinking pipe 32, one side of the hydrogen heat exchanger 311 is connected to a second cold hydrogen inlet pipe 313, the other side of the hydrogen heat exchanger 311 is connected to a hot hydrogen exhaust pipe 314, and one end of the top of the third furnace tube 34 is connected to a first cold hydrogen inlet pipe 315, so as to facilitate the intake and exhaust operations of the required cold and hot hydrogen.

[0030] When restoring: First, push the boat 35 containing tungsten and molybdenum raw materials from the right end of the first furnace tube 31, which is the feeding end, and push the required amount according to the actual need. At this time, the heating module 24 operates to realize the heating operation. At this time, reduction is carried out in the upper half of the inner cavity of the furnace body 1. At this time, the required temperature is controlled by the thyristor temperature controller to be progressive, and the temperature values ​​are 450°C, 500°C and 550°C, and the tungsten and molybdenum materials are reduced by heating hydrogen. After the preset time, the tungsten and molybdenum are reduced in sequence. Since the reduction temperature and temperature zone setting of tungsten are slightly different, the first reduction is 630°C, waiting for the second reduction; During secondary reduction, it is necessary to first push the material boat 35 containing the material from the right end of the first furnace tube 31 into the downwardly pushed boat sinker 37, and then push it downward into the second furnace tube 33 through the sinking pipe 32, and then be pushed out of the boat sinker 37 into the second furnace tube 33 by the push of the first push rod 39. The above method can be repeated to send several groups of material boats 35 into the second furnace tube 33. At this time, the material boats 35 are in the second furnace tube 33 for secondary reduction, and hydrogen is added. At this time, the temperature is between 800°C and 900°C. After a preset time, the secondary reduction can be completed. After reduction, the material boats 35 can be pushed into the third furnace tube 34 by the push of the first push rod 39, and then the material boats 35 are pushed from the right to the left in the third furnace tube 34 by the second push rod 312 in sequence, until they are gradually pushed from the high temperature zone to the low temperature zone and the cooling zone, that is, pushed to the left end position of the third furnace tube 34. According to the above-mentioned process of pushing to the low temperature zone, cold hydrogen is added into the first cold hydrogen inlet pipe 315 to form a cooling operation, so that the cooled material boat 35 can be taken out, and the whole reduction process is completed at this time; During the sinking process of the boat material after the first cooling, hot hydrogen needs to be added through the hot hydrogen inlet pipe 38 to achieve uninterrupted reduction operation. During the reduction process, the first furnace tube 31 will cooperate with the furnace tube heat exchanger 310 to recover and reuse the heat energy to achieve material preheating, and the hydrogen heat exchanger 311 will cooperate with the third furnace tube 34 to achieve hydrogen heat exchange, so as to recover and reuse the heat energy of hydrogen. The generated hot hydrogen can be connected to the hot hydrogen inlet pipe 38 or the storage pipe through a pipeline and a control valve, and the exhaust gas after the reaction will be recovered and pressurized by the condensation component for reuse, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving, and shortening the time of tungsten and molybdenum reduction by reducing one cooling step, thereby increasing the reduction efficiency.

[0031] in addition: like Figure 4 As shown, the condensation component includes a series pipe and a condenser 4. The series pipe is respectively connected to one end of the top of the first furnace tube 31 and the bottom of the hydrogen heat exchanger 311. The other end of the series pipe is connected to the condenser 4 to assist in completing the condensation and water release, forming a de-freezing cycle pressurization system, thereby completing the freeze-drying and recycling of hydrogen.

[0032] The actual effects achieved based on the above are as follows: the double reduction furnace is changed to a single reduction furnace, which shortens the use area and saves energy and labor costs. While achieving automation, there is no industrial pollution, and one cooling step is reduced. In addition, the reduction of the cooling step increases the reduction efficiency.

[0033] based on Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the condenser 4 is also connected with two groups of pipes, the high-level pipes are exhaust air pipes, and the low-level pipes are derefrigeration tower pipes.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace, characterized in that: Comprising furnace body (1): The furnace body (1) is provided with a heat preservation mechanism (2) for heating and heat insulation, the furnace body (1) is also provided with a processing mechanism (3) for reducing tungsten and molybdenum materials, and a condensation component is provided on the back of one end of the furnace body (1); The heat preservation mechanism (2) comprises a barrier component and a heating module (24); the barrier component is arranged inside the furnace body (1); and the heating module (24) is arranged inside the barrier component; The processing mechanism (3) comprises a conveying component, a pushing component, a heat exchange component, a sinking component and a hydrogen inlet and outlet component, wherein the conveying component is arranged inside the barrier component, the pushing component is arranged at the outer end of the conveying component, the heat exchange component is arranged at one end of the furnace body (1), the sinking component is arranged above the conveying component, and the hydrogen inlet and outlet component is arranged outside the conveying component; The heat preservation mechanism (2) performs heat insulation and stratification, and is progressively reduced through the processing mechanism (3), and energy is recycled and reused according to a heat recovery method, thereby reducing the tungsten and molybdenum cooling steps.

2. An energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barrier assembly comprises a thermal insulation layer (21), the thermal insulation layer (21) being fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the furnace body (1), a thermal insulation load-bearing wall (22) being fixedly mounted at equal intervals on the bottom of the inner cavity of the thermal insulation layer (21), and a thermal insulation layer (23) being fixedly mounted on the top of the inner cavity of the thermal insulation layer (21).

3. An energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating module (24) comprises a heating furnace wire and an alumina tube, wherein the alumina tube is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the thermal insulation layer (21), and the heating furnace wire surrounds the outer side of the alumina tube.

4. The energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conveying assembly comprises a first furnace tube (31), the first furnace tube (31) being installed in a through-type manner at the upper part of the inner cavity of the furnace body (1) and the thermal insulation layer (21), a flange at one end of the bottom of the first furnace tube (31) being connected to a sinking pipe (32), a bottom flange of the sinking pipe (32) being connected to a second furnace tube (33), and a bottom flange at one end of the second furnace tube (33) being connected to a third furnace tube (34).

5. The energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Both ends of the first furnace tube (31) are rotatably mounted with first furnace doors, and one end of the third furnace tube (34) is rotatably mounted with a second furnace door.

6. The energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The pusher assembly comprises a first pusher rod (39), the first pusher rod (39) being slidably mounted through one end of the second furnace tube (33), and a second pusher rod (312) being slidably mounted through the other end of the third furnace tube (34).

7. The energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The sinking assembly comprises a connecting rod (36), wherein the connecting rod (36) is slidably connected to one end of the top of the first furnace tube (31), and a boat sinker (37) is bolted to the bottom end of the connecting rod (36), and a material boat (35) is placed inside the first furnace tube (31).

8. The energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly comprises a furnace tube heat exchanger (310) and a hydrogen heat exchanger (311); the furnace tube heat exchanger (310) is fixedly mounted on the top of one end of the thermal insulation layer (21); and the hydrogen heat exchanger (311) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of one end of the thermal insulation layer (21).

9. The energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hydrogen inlet and outlet assembly comprises a hot hydrogen inlet pipe (38), the hot hydrogen inlet pipe (38) being connected to one side of the sinking pipe (32), one side of the hydrogen heat exchanger (311) being connected to a second cold hydrogen inlet pipe (313), the other side of the hydrogen heat exchanger (311) being connected to a hot hydrogen discharge pipe (314), and one end of the top of the third furnace tube (34) being connected to a first cold hydrogen inlet pipe (315).

10. The energy-saving tungsten-molybdenum reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensation assembly comprises a series pipe and a condenser (4), wherein the series pipe is respectively connected to one end of the top of the first furnace tube (31) and the bottom of the hydrogen heat exchanger (311), and the other end of the series pipe is connected to the condenser (4).

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