Method and device for exploiting tight oil and shale oil

Abstract

The invention discloses a tight oil and shale oil mining method and device.The method comprises the steps that oil production indexes in an oil well to be mined are detected, and oil production control over the oil well is triggered in response to the fact that the oil production indexes are lower than a set threshold value; a near-well reservoir at the bottom of a well is heated through an electric heating device arranged at the bottom of the well to be exploited, so that rocks and fluid of the near-well reservoir are heated to expand, the pressure of an oil reservoir in the near-well reservoir is increased, the fluid fluidity of the oil reservoir is promoted, and the fluid of the oil reservoir in the near-well reservoir flows into a shaft; a chemical agent is put into a near-well reservoir at the bottom of a well, so that the chemical agent chemically reacts with corresponding substances at the bottom of the well and the near-well reservoir, blockage of the near-well reservoir is dredged through heat and energy released by chemical reaction of the chemical agent, and liquidity of fluid in the stratum is promoted by utilizing gas released by the chemical reaction; fluid in the formation is flowed into the wellbore. The wellbore condition is easy to recover; and the yield of tight oil and shale oil is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the production technology of tight oil and shale oil, and in particular to a method and device for producing tight oil and shale oil. Background Art

[0002] As oil and gas exploration and development continue to deepen, unconventional oil and gas such as tight oil and shale oil have shown huge resource potential under the current economic and technical conditions. The survey shows that China's tight oil geological resources are 178.2×10 8 tons, and the geological resources of medium-high maturity shale oil are about 100×10 8 ton.

[0003] Although tight oil and shale oil have been successfully developed by horizontal well drilling and staged fracturing, they are generally subject to the constraints of reservoir conditions, with rapid decline in single well production and low primary oil recovery. In addition, due to the nano-scale pore conditions of the reservoir, conventional reservoir recovery enhancement technologies, such as polymer flooding and composite flooding, cannot be fully replicated; and relatively adaptable carbon dioxide huff-and-puff, small molecule self-imbibition and other oil recovery processes, although indoor studies have shown that they can improve recovery to a certain extent, the results of field tests vary greatly, and the economic benefits are not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a method and device for the production of tight oil and shale oil to at least solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for producing tight oil and shale oil is provided, comprising: Detecting an oil production index in an oil well to be produced, and in response to the oil production index being lower than a set threshold, triggering oil production control for the oil well; wherein the oil production index includes at least one of the following: oil production rate, oil production index, and liquid production index; The near-well reservoir at the bottom of the well is heated by an electric heating device placed at the bottom of the well to be mined, so that the rock and fluid in the near-well reservoir expand due to the heat, thereby increasing the reservoir pressure in the near-well reservoir, promoting the fluidity of the reservoir, and allowing the fluid in the reservoir near the well to flow into the wellbore; and Chemical agents are added to the near-wellbore reservoir at the bottom of the well, causing the chemicals to react chemically with corresponding substances at the bottom of the well and in the near-wellbore reservoir. The heat and energy released by the chemical reaction of the chemicals are used to clear the blockage of the near-wellbore reservoir, and the gas released by the chemical reaction is used to promote the fluidity of the fluid in the formation, allowing the fluid in the formation to flow into the wellbore.

[0006] In one embodiment, before detecting the oil production index in the oil well to be produced, the method further includes: Apply the research methods of geophysics, reservoir geology, reservoir engineering, reservoir physics, and rock mechanics to analyze and evaluate the burial conditions, reservoir characteristics, reserve abundance, and fluid property parameters of the target oil reservoir of the oil well to be mined, and determine the reservoir characteristic parameters of the target oil reservoir reservoir in combination with the drilling, logging, and well logging data of the exploration wells and development wells implemented in the oil reservoir, as well as the development performance, fluid detection, production capacity analysis, and dynamic monitoring data; Based on the determined reservoir characteristic parameters, considering the basic parameters of the target reservoir, and using simulation methods such as material balance, strength verification, heat conduction, thermal expansion, and modeling numerical simulation, it is determined whether to perform oil production control intervention on the oil well.

[0007] In one embodiment, before detecting the oil production index in the oil well to be produced, the method further includes: Create a thermodynamic model of reservoir rock and fluid, use the thermodynamic model to simulate the implementation process of oil well production control technology, and record the relevant parameters of the process implementation; specifically, use a thermal expansion tester to measure the thermal expansion coefficient of reservoir rock, formation water, and crude oil; use a chemical reaction calorimeter to evaluate the heat release of chemical reactions of authigenic gas in different types of formations; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate formation heating, the flow laws of rocks and fluids after expansion; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the flow laws of formation fluids under chemical authigenic gas conditions; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the extent of recovery improvement under different formation heating and chemical authigenic gas conditions.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the electric heating device includes a power grid line, a transformer assembly, a wellhead control cabinet, a wellhead blowout prevention device, a sealing device, a power supply cable, a well bottom straightening device, a heating cable, and a matching temperature monitoring device, a signal transmission device, and a remote control device; The heating cable is a mineral insulated heating cable, which is integrated with three heating conductors, a magnesium oxide insulation layer, and a high-strength stainless steel sheath.

[0009] In one embodiment, the chemical agents include chemical agents and auxiliary agents that participate in chemical spontaneous gasification reactions, and the chemical agent system includes a nitrite and ammonium salt reaction system, a hydrogen peroxide system, a polyhydroxy acid oxidation gasification system, a urea and nitrite reaction system, an active acid and carbonate reaction system, and a bicarbonate thermal decomposition system; The auxiliary agents include chemical agents that provide protection and increase effects, including a foaming agent system for improving the production increase effect, a polymer system for stabilizing foam and controlling water breakthrough, a corrosion inhibitor system for protecting wellbore resources, a viscosity reducer system for reducing crude oil viscosity, and an imbibition agent system for improving oil production effect.

[0010] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a production device for tight oil and shale oil is provided, comprising: A detection unit, used to detect oil production indicators in the oil well to be produced; wherein the oil production indicators include at least one of the following: oil production rate, oil production index and liquid production index; A trigger unit, for triggering a heating unit and a delivery unit for oil production control of the oil well in response to the oil production index being lower than a set threshold; The heating unit is used to heat the reservoir near the wellbore through an electric heating device placed at the bottom of the well to be mined, so that the rock and fluid in the reservoir near the wellbore expand due to the heat, thereby increasing the reservoir pressure in the reservoir near the wellbore, promoting the fluidity of the reservoir, and allowing the fluid in the reservoir near the wellbore to flow into the wellbore; The delivery unit is used to deliver chemicals to the near-wellbore reservoir at the bottom of the well, so that the chemicals react chemically with corresponding substances at the bottom of the well and in the near-wellbore reservoir, and the heat and energy released by the chemical reaction of the chemicals are used to clear the blockage of the near-wellbore reservoir, and the gas released by the chemical reaction is used to promote the fluidity of the fluid in the formation, so that the fluid in the formation flows into the wellbore.

[0011] In one embodiment, the device further comprises: The first determination unit is used to apply the research methods of geophysics, reservoir geology, reservoir engineering, reservoir physics, and rock mechanics to analyze and evaluate the burial conditions, reservoir characteristics, reserve abundance, and fluid property parameters of the target oil reservoir of the oil well to be mined, and to determine the reservoir characteristic parameters of the target oil reservoir reservoir in combination with the drilling, logging, and well logging data recorded by the exploration wells and development wells implemented in the oil reservoir, as well as the development dynamics, fluid detection, production capacity analysis, and dynamic monitoring data; The second determination unit is used to determine whether to perform oil production control intervention on the oil well based on the determined reservoir characteristic parameters, taking into account the basic parameters of the target reservoir, and using simulation methods such as material balance, strength verification, heat conduction, thermal expansion, and modeling numerical simulation.

[0012] In one embodiment, the device further comprises: The simulation unit is used to create a thermodynamic model of reservoir rock and fluid, use the thermodynamic model to simulate the implementation process of oil well production control technology, and record relevant parameters of the process implementation; specifically, use a thermal expansion tester to measure the thermal expansion coefficient of reservoir rock, formation water, and crude oil; use a chemical reaction calorimeter to evaluate the heat release of chemical reactions of authigenic gas in different types of formations; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the flow laws of formation heating and rock and fluid expansion; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the flow laws of formation fluids under chemical authigenic gas conditions; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the extent of recovery improvement under different formation heating and chemical authigenic gas conditions.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the electric heating device includes a power grid line, a transformer assembly, a wellhead control cabinet, a wellhead blowout prevention device, a sealing device, a power supply cable, a well bottom straightening device, a heating cable, and a matching temperature monitoring device, a signal transmission device, and a remote control device; The heating cable is a mineral insulated heating cable, which is integrated with three heating conductors, a magnesium oxide insulation layer, and a high-strength stainless steel sheath.

[0014] In one embodiment, the chemical agents include chemical agents and auxiliary agents that participate in chemical spontaneous gasification reactions, and the chemical agent system includes a nitrite and ammonium salt reaction system, a hydrogen peroxide system, a polyhydroxy acid oxidation gasification system, a urea and nitrite reaction system, an active acid and carbonate reaction system, and a bicarbonate thermal decomposition system; The auxiliary agents include chemical agents that provide protection and increase effects, including a foaming agent system for improving the production increase effect, a polymer system for stabilizing foam and controlling water breakthrough, a corrosion inhibitor system for protecting wellbore resources, a viscosity reducer system for reducing crude oil viscosity, and an imbibition agent system for improving oil production effect.

[0015] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application may have the following beneficial effects: This application improves the primary oil recovery rate of tight oil and shale oil. Based on a production cycle of 2 months and an increase of 200 tons of crude oil per production cycle, it is estimated that each well can increase crude oil production by 1,200 tons per year. The economic input-output index has been improved: the idea of ​​integrating investment and cost is adopted, the formation heating device is equipped during the completion stage, the heating device is started and stopped periodically, and chemical gas generating agents are added. The investment cost is only one-third of the direct use of secondary fracturing to increase production. This application does not cause damage to the wellbore and is easy to restore the wellbore conditions; during the operation cycle, after the wellbore is restored by pulling out the heating cable, the oil well can continue to carry out other production-increasing measures, thereby increasing the production of tight oil and shale oil.

[0016] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for extracting tight oil and shale oil according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a tight oil and shale oil extraction device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0020] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the process of the extraction method of tight oil and shale oil shown in one embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the method for extracting tight oil and shale oil in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps: Step 101 , detecting an oil production index in an oil well to be produced, and in response to the oil production index being lower than a set threshold, triggering oil production control for the oil well.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, the oil production index includes at least one of the following: oil production rate, oil production index and liquid production index. The calculation formula of oil production rate is: oil production rate = (annual oil production / produced geological reserves) × 100%. The converted oil production rate is obtained by multiplying the daily oil production level of the month by 365 days and then dividing it by the produced geological reserves, and finally multiplying it by 100%. The oil production rate is closely related to the oil-water relative permeability curve, water content and water content increase rate. Oil production index (J O ) is calculated as: O = q o / Δp, where q o is the daily oil production of the oil well, and Δp is the bottom hole pressure difference. The oil production index is an important parameter to indicate the production capacity of the oil well. Its value can change according to the shape of the inflow dynamic curve. It can be a constant or change with the flow pressure. The liquid production index is a key indicator to measure the production efficiency of the oil well under specific conditions. It includes unit thickness liquid production index and dimensionless liquid production index.

[0022] Prior to step 101, the method for exploiting tight oil and shale oil in the embodiment of the present application also includes: applying research methods of geophysics, reservoir geology, reservoir engineering, reservoir physics, and rock mechanics to analyze and evaluate the burial conditions, reservoir characteristics, reserve abundance, and fluid property parameters of the target oil reservoir of the oil well to be exploited, and determining the reservoir characteristic parameters of the target oil reservoir reservoir in combination with the drilling, logging, and well logging data recorded by the exploration wells and development wells implemented in the oil reservoir, as well as the development dynamics, fluid detection, production capacity analysis, and dynamic monitoring data; based on the determined reservoir characteristic parameters, considering the basic parameters of the target oil reservoir, and using simulation methods such as material balance, strength verification, heat conduction, thermal expansion, and modeling numerical simulation, determine whether to perform oil production control intervention on the oil well.

[0023] The embodiment of the present application creates a thermodynamic model of reservoir rock and fluid, uses the thermodynamic model to simulate the implementation process of the oil well production control process, and records the relevant parameters of the process implementation; specifically, uses a thermal expansion tester to measure the thermal expansion coefficient of reservoir rock, formation water, and crude oil; uses a chemical reaction calorimeter to evaluate the heat release of chemical reactions of authigenic gas in different types of formations; uses a physical simulation experimental device to simulate formation heating, and the flow laws of rocks and fluids after expansion; uses a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the flow laws of formation fluids under chemical authigenic gas conditions; and uses a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the extent of improvement in recovery under different formation heating and chemical authigenic gas conditions.

[0024] Step 102, heating the near-well reservoir at the bottom of the well by installing an electric heating device at the bottom of the well to be mined, so that the rock and fluid in the near-well reservoir expand due to the heat, thereby increasing the reservoir pressure in the near-well reservoir, promoting the fluidity of the reservoir, and allowing the fluid in the near-well reservoir to flow into the wellbore.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present application, the electric heating device includes a power grid line, a transformer assembly, a wellhead control cabinet, a wellhead blowout preventer, a sealing device, a power supply cable, a bottom well straightening device, a heating cable, and a matching temperature monitoring device, a signal transmission device, and a remote control device; the heating cable is a mineral insulated heating cable, which is integrated with three heating conductors, a magnesium oxide insulation layer, and a high-strength stainless steel sheath.

[0026] Step 103, adding chemical agents to the near-wellbore reservoir at the bottom of the well, so that the chemical agents react chemically with corresponding substances at the bottom of the well and in the near-wellbore reservoir, and the blockage of the near-wellbore reservoir is cleared by the heat and energy released by the chemical reaction of the chemical agents, and the gas released by the chemical reaction is used to promote the fluidity of the fluid in the formation, so that the fluid in the formation flows into the wellbore.

[0027] In the embodiments of the present application, the chemical agents include chemical agents and auxiliary agents that participate in the chemical spontaneous gas generation reaction. The chemical agent system includes a nitrite and ammonium salt reaction system, a hydrogen peroxide system, a polyhydroxy acid oxidation gas generation system, a urea and nitrite reaction system, an active acid and carbonate reaction system, and a bicarbonate thermal decomposition system; the auxiliary agents include chemical agents that provide protection and increase the effect, including a foaming agent system for improving the production increase effect, a polymer system for stabilizing foam and controlling water breakthrough, a corrosion inhibitor system for protecting wellbore resources, a viscosity reducer system for reducing the viscosity of crude oil, and an imbibition agent system for improving the oil production effect.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present application, step 102 and step 103 are numbered sequentially only for the convenience of description, and they may be executed in parallel, or step 103 may be executed first and then step 102, etc.

[0029] This application improves the primary oil recovery rate of tight oil and shale oil. Based on a production cycle of 2 months and an increase of 200 tons of crude oil per production cycle, it is estimated that each well can increase crude oil production by 1,200 tons per year. The economic input-output index has been improved: the idea of ​​integrating investment and cost is adopted, the formation heating device is equipped during the completion stage, the heating device is started and stopped periodically, and chemical gas generating agents are added. The investment cost is only one-third of the direct use of secondary fracturing to increase production. It does not cause damage to the wellbore and is easy to restore the wellbore conditions. During the operation cycle, this application is a low-pressure operation and does not damage the reservoir and wellbore resources. After the heating cable is pulled out and the wellbore is restored, the oil well can continue to take other production-increasing measures.

[0030] The essence of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is further illustrated by specific examples below.

[0031] The production device for tight oil and shale oil proposed in the embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps: 1. Analyze reservoir characteristics and formulate technical solutions. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the reservoir characteristics and fluid properties of the target reservoir, formulate a technical solution for applying the patent of this invention.

[0032] The analysis of reservoir characteristics refers to the application of geophysics, reservoir geology, reservoir engineering, reservoir physics, rock mechanics and other research methods to comprehensively evaluate the burial conditions, reservoir characteristics, reserve abundance, fluid properties and other parameters of the target reservoir, so as to provide a basis for the formulation of technical solutions. The drilling, logging, well logging, development dynamics, fluid detection, production capacity analysis, dynamic monitoring and other data recorded by the exploration wells and development wells implemented in the reservoir can also be used as data for reservoir characteristics analysis.

[0033] The formulation of the technical scheme mentioned above refers to the process of determining the application of the invention patent based on the analysis of reservoir characteristics, taking into full consideration the basic parameters of the target reservoir, and comprehensively utilizing the calculation methods and simulation means such as material balance, strength verification, heat conduction, thermal expansion, and modeling numerical simulation. The main contents of the technical scheme generally include but are not limited to the basic pipe channel combination of the bottom hole heating device, the maximum power, the auxiliary supporting devices, the type of chemical autogenous gas, the basic dosage, and the preparation of the drilling and completion engineering and oil and gas production engineering to meet these conditions.

[0034] Conduct indoor evaluation and clarify parameter requirements. Specifically, use indoor experimental equipment and instruments to measure the thermodynamic parameters of reservoir rocks and fluids, use physical simulation equipment to simulate the process implementation, record relevant parameters, and conduct modeling and numerical analysis to determine the various specific parameters required to implement the process.

[0035] The indoor evaluation includes but is not limited to: ① using a thermal expansion tester to measure the thermal expansion coefficient of reservoir rocks, formation water, and crude oil; ② using a chemical reaction calorimeter to evaluate the heat release of chemical reactions of authigenic gas in different types of formations; ③ using a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the flow law of formation heating, rocks and fluids after expansion; ④ using a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the flow law of formation fluids under chemical authigenic gas conditions. ⑤ using a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the extent of recovery improvement under different formation heating and chemical authigenic gas conditions.

[0036] The so-called clear parameter requirements refer to using various experimental data obtained from indoor evaluation, combining them with actual on-site conditions and using relevant thermodynamic theories to calculate and clarify the relevant parameter requirements for process implementation, thereby providing a basis for the subsequent preparation and implementation of specific construction design.

[0037] 3. Design the heating system and complete the well construction. Specifically, based on the overall technical solution and parameter requirements, the heating system is designed according to the wellbore conditions and heating requirements, and the heating system is lowered to the bottom of the well through the heating cable for standby use.

[0038] The heating system includes a power grid line, a transformer assembly, a wellhead control cabinet, a wellhead blowout prevention device, a sealing device, a power supply cable, a well bottom straightening device, a heating cable body, etc., which are connected in sequence, and the length of the power supply cable is related to the depth of the heating cable body into the well bottom. The heating system needs to be provided with a temperature monitoring device, a signal transmission device, and a remote control device according to the heating needs, wherein the temperature monitoring device is used to collect the heating temperature of the heating system and determine the heating temperature provided by the heating system, the signal transmission device is used to transmit the heating control instructions and the collected temperature information, and the remote control device is used to transmit the control instructions to the power grid line or the transformer assembly, etc., and control the heating temperature of the heating cable body by controlling the voltage or current.

[0039] The heating cable is preferably a mineral insulated heating cable, the main body of which is integrated with three heating conductors, a magnesium oxide insulation layer, and a high-strength stainless steel sheath. A star-shaped connection is required at the tail end inside the cable. A single extra-long cable has no external contacts and is of equal diameter as a whole. The heating power can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0040] The well construction is a process of using a special transmission device to lower the heating cable equipped with a centralizer to the bottom of the well, connect the power transmission cable, make the wellhead seal, and install the wellhead blowout prevention device.

[0041] 4. Optimize the reagent system and design the slug combination. Specifically, based on the overall technical solution and parameter requirements, optimize the main and auxiliary reagent types, design the slug combination, injection process and specific dosage.

[0042] The main reagents mainly refer to chemical reagents participating in chemical spontaneous gasification reactions, and the systems include but are not limited to nitrite and ammonium salt reaction systems, hydrogen peroxide systems, polyhydroxy acid oxidation gasification systems, urea and nitrite reaction systems, active acid and carbonate reaction systems, bicarbonate thermal decomposition systems, etc.

[0043] The auxiliary agents mainly refer to chemical agents for providing protection and increasing effects, including but not limited to foaming agent systems for improving production increase effects, polymer systems for stabilizing foam and controlling water breakthrough, corrosion inhibitor systems for protecting wellbore resources, viscosity reducer systems for reducing crude oil viscosity, and imbibition agent systems for improving oil production effects.

[0044] 5. Develop a test plan and conduct pilot tests. Specifically, based on the overall technical plan and parameter requirements, combined with the heating system performance and chemical agent optimization results, according to the actual conditions on site, develop a process test plan, prepare corresponding materials and tools, and conduct pilot tests.

[0045] The test plan includes, but is not limited to, the design of the heating power and heating time of the electric heating system, the design of the process for injecting self-generating chemical agents, the well blocking time and well opening process, as well as the supporting parameter recording, production measurement, and the basis for suspension of production.

[0046] The process design of autogenous gas chemical agent injection includes but is not limited to pumping equipment, liquid preparation equipment, segment plug combination, agent addition amount, reaction time, etc.

[0047] The pilot test refers to the whole process of starting and stopping the heating cables, injecting chemicals, blocking the well reaction, starting the well for production, and recording parameters at the production site according to the requirements of the test plan.

[0048] 6. Overall plan design and organization of periodic production. Specifically, based on the systematic analysis of the pilot test results, according to the actual conditions of the reservoir and production allocation requirements, a specific on-site implementation plan is formulated and periodic production is organized.

[0049] The overall scheme design refers to optimizing the electric heating power and heating time, optimizing the basic formula of chemical autogenous gas, the injection segment plug combination and injection amount, optimizing the well blocking time and well opening cycle, etc. based on the knowledge of the pilot test.

[0050] 7. Pull out the heating cable and restore the wellbore conditions. Specifically, after comprehensive evaluation of the process and finding that it has lost its production-increasing effect, special tools are used to pull out the heating cable in the wellbore and restore the wellbore conditions.

[0051] The loss of production increase effect refers to the situation where after multiple rounds of production, the near-well reserves of the oil well decrease, the production after implementation is lower than expected, and the economic benefits cannot be achieved; or the heating system fails during the implementation and cannot operate normally. The restoration of wellbore conditions refers to the use of special tools to pull out the heating cable in the wellbore, remove the corresponding auxiliary equipment at the wellhead, and clear and wash the wellbore to make the wellbore meet other operational needs.

[0052] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application can be widely used in the following fields: 1. Tight oil and shale oil exploitation fields: The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be directly applied to the exploitation of the two types of oil reservoirs after being optimized and designed according to different oil reservoir characteristics and oil well conditions.

[0053] 2. In-situ mining of oil shale: The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application retains the formation heating technology and changes the chemical autogenous gas generation technology to the chemical formation heating technology, which can be used as an in-situ mining technology for oil shale formations.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a tight oil and shale oil extraction device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the production device for tight oil and shale oil in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: The detection unit 20 is used to detect the oil production index in the oil well to be produced; wherein the oil production index includes at least one of the following: oil production rate, oil production index and liquid production index; A trigger unit 21, for triggering a heating unit and a delivery unit for oil production control of the oil well in response to the oil production index being lower than a set threshold; The heating unit 22 is used to heat the reservoir near the wellbore at the bottom of the well through an electric heating device placed at the bottom of the well to be mined, so that the rock and fluid in the reservoir near the wellbore expand due to the heat, thereby increasing the reservoir pressure in the reservoir near the wellbore, promoting the fluidity of the reservoir, and allowing the fluid in the reservoir near the wellbore to flow into the wellbore; The delivery unit 23 is used to deliver chemicals to the near-wellbore reservoir at the bottom of the well, so that the chemicals react chemically with corresponding substances at the bottom of the well and in the near-wellbore reservoir, and the heat and energy released by the chemical reaction of the chemicals are used to clear the blockage of the near-wellbore reservoir, and the gas released by the chemical reaction is used to promote the fluidity of the fluid in the formation, so that the fluid in the formation flows into the wellbore.

[0055] exist Figure 2 On the basis of the production device for tight oil and shale oil shown in the figure, the production device for tight oil and shale oil in the embodiment of the present application further includes: The first determination unit ( Figure 2 (not shown) for applying the research methods of geophysics, reservoir geology, reservoir engineering, reservoir physics, and rock mechanics to analyze and evaluate the burial conditions, reservoir characteristics, reserve abundance, and fluid property parameters of the target oil reservoir to be mined, and to determine the reservoir characteristic parameters of the target oil reservoir reservoir in combination with the drilling, logging, and well logging data of the exploration wells and development wells implemented in the oil reservoir, as well as the development dynamics, fluid detection, production capacity analysis, and dynamic monitoring data; The second determination unit ( Figure 2 ), which is used to determine whether to perform oil production control intervention on the oil well based on the determined reservoir characteristic parameters, taking into account the basic parameters of the target reservoir, and using simulation methods such as material balance, strength verification, heat conduction, thermal expansion, and modeling numerical simulation.

[0056] exist Figure 2 On the basis of the production device for tight oil and shale oil shown in the figure, the production device for tight oil and shale oil in the embodiment of the present application further includes: Analog Unit ( Figure 2 ), used to create a thermodynamic model of reservoir rock and fluid, use the thermodynamic model to simulate the implementation process of oil well production control technology, and record relevant parameters of process implementation; specifically, use a thermal expansion tester to measure the thermal expansion coefficient of reservoir rock, formation water, and crude oil; use a chemical reaction calorimeter to evaluate the heat release of chemical reactions of authigenic gas in different types of formations; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the flow law of formation heating and rock and fluid expansion; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the flow law of formation fluid under chemical authigenic gas conditions; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the extent of recovery improvement under different formation heating and chemical authigenic gas conditions.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the electric heating device includes a power grid line, a transformer assembly, a wellhead control cabinet, a wellhead blowout prevention device, a sealing device, a power supply cable, a well bottom straightening device, a heating cable, and a matching temperature monitoring device, a signal transmission device, and a remote control device; The heating cable is a mineral insulated heating cable, which is integrated with three heating conductors, a magnesium oxide insulation layer, and a high-strength stainless steel sheath.

[0058] In one embodiment, the chemical agents include chemical agents and auxiliary agents that participate in chemical spontaneous gasification reactions, and the chemical agent system includes a nitrite and ammonium salt reaction system, a hydrogen peroxide system, a polyhydroxy acid oxidation gasification system, a urea and nitrite reaction system, an active acid and carbonate reaction system, and a bicarbonate thermal decomposition system; The auxiliary agents include chemical agents that provide protection and increase effects, including a foaming agent system for improving the production increase effect, a polymer system for stabilizing foam and controlling water breakthrough, a corrosion inhibitor system for protecting wellbore resources, a viscosity reducer system for reducing crude oil viscosity, and an imbibition agent system for improving oil production effect.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned units and the like may be implemented by one or more central processing units (CPU), graphics processing units (GPU), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), DSPs, programmable logic devices (PLD), complex programmable logic devices (CPLD), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), general-purpose processors, controllers, microcontrollers (MCU), microprocessors, or other electronic components.

[0060] Regarding the device in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module and unit performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0061] Figure 3 8 is a schematic block diagram of an example network element 800 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3As shown, the network element 800 includes a computing unit 801, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 802 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 808 to a random access memory (RAM) 803. In the RAM 803, various programs and data required for the operation of the network element 800 can also be stored. The computing unit 801, the ROM 802, and the RAM 803 are connected to each other via a bus 804. An input / output (I / O) interface 805 is also connected to the bus 804.

[0062] Multiple components in the network element 800 are connected to the I / O interface 805, including: an input unit 806, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 807, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 808, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 809, such as a network card, a modem, a data processing transceiver, etc. The communication unit 809 allows the network element 800 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0063] The computing unit 801 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 801 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any appropriate processors, controllers, microcontrollers, etc. The computing unit 801 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the production method of tight oil and shale oil. For example, in some embodiments, the production method of tight oil and shale oil may be implemented as a computer software program, which is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage unit 808. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the network element 800 via the ROM 802 and / or the communication unit 809. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 803 and executed by the computing unit 801, one or more steps of the production method of tight oil and shale oil described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 801 may be configured to execute the method for extracting tight oil and shale oil by any other appropriate means (eg, by means of firmware).

[0064] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0065] The program code for implementing the method of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, enables the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0066] In the context of the present disclosure, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or equipment. A machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0067] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0068] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.

[0069] A computer system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server is generated by computer programs running on respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, a server of a distributed system, or a server combined with a blockchain.

[0070] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps recorded in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0071] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0072] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, which should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for producing tight oil and shale oil, characterized in that: The method comprises: Apply the research methods of geophysics, reservoir geology, reservoir engineering, reservoir physics, and rock mechanics to analyze and evaluate the burial conditions, reservoir characteristics, reserve abundance, and fluid property parameters of the target oil reservoir of the oil well to be mined, and determine the reservoir characteristic parameters of the target oil reservoir reservoir in combination with the drilling, logging, and well logging data of the exploration wells and development wells implemented in the oil reservoir, as well as the development performance, fluid detection, production capacity analysis, and dynamic monitoring data; Based on the determined reservoir characteristic parameters, considering the basic parameters of the target reservoir, and using simulation methods such as material balance, strength verification, heat conduction, thermal expansion, and modeling numerical simulation, determine whether to intervene in oil production control of the oil well; Detecting an oil production index in an oil well to be produced, and in response to the oil production index being lower than a set threshold, triggering oil production control for the oil well; wherein the oil production index includes at least one of the following: oil production rate, oil production index, and liquid production index; The near-well reservoir at the bottom of the well is heated by an electric heating device placed at the bottom of the well to be mined, so that the rock and fluid in the near-well reservoir expand due to the heat, thereby increasing the reservoir pressure in the near-well reservoir, promoting the fluidity of the reservoir, and allowing the fluid in the reservoir near the well to flow into the wellbore; and Chemical agents are added to the near-wellbore reservoir at the bottom of the well, causing the chemicals to react chemically with corresponding substances at the bottom of the well and in the near-wellbore reservoir. The heat and energy released by the chemical reaction of the chemicals are used to clear the blockage of the near-wellbore reservoir, and the gas released by the chemical reaction is used to promote the fluidity of the fluid in the formation, allowing the fluid in the formation to flow into the wellbore.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before detecting the oil production index in the oil well to be produced, the method further includes: Create a thermodynamic model of reservoir rock and fluid, use the thermodynamic model to simulate the implementation process of oil well production control technology, and record the relevant parameters of the process implementation; specifically, use a thermal expansion tester to measure the thermal expansion coefficient of reservoir rock, formation water, and crude oil; use a chemical reaction calorimeter to evaluate the heat release of chemical reactions of authigenic gas in different types of formations; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate formation heating, the flow laws of rocks and fluids after expansion; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the flow laws of formation fluids under chemical authigenic gas conditions; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the extent of recovery improvement under different formation heating and chemical authigenic gas conditions.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The electric heating device includes a power grid line, a transformer assembly, a wellhead control cabinet, a wellhead blowout prevention device, a sealing device, a power supply cable, a well bottom straightening device, a heating cable, and a matching temperature monitoring device, a signal transmission device, and a remote control device; The heating cable is a mineral insulated heating cable, which is integrated with three heating conductors, a magnesium oxide insulation layer, and a high-strength stainless steel sheath.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical agents include chemical agents and auxiliary agents that participate in chemical spontaneous gasification reactions, and the chemical agent systems include nitrite and ammonium salt reaction systems, hydrogen peroxide systems, polyhydroxy acid oxidation gasification systems, urea and nitrite reaction systems, active acid and carbonate reaction systems, and bicarbonate thermal decomposition systems; The auxiliary agents include chemical agents that provide protection and increase effects, including a foaming agent system for improving the production increase effect, a polymer system for stabilizing foam and controlling water breakthrough, a corrosion inhibitor system for protecting wellbore resources, a viscosity reducer system for reducing crude oil viscosity, and an imbibition agent system for improving oil production effect.

5. A device for producing tight oil and shale oil, characterized in that: The device comprises: The first determination unit is used to apply the research methods of geophysics, reservoir geology, reservoir engineering, reservoir physics, and rock mechanics to analyze and evaluate the burial conditions, reservoir characteristics, reserve abundance, and fluid property parameters of the target oil reservoir of the oil well to be mined, and to determine the reservoir characteristic parameters of the target oil reservoir reservoir in combination with the drilling, logging, and well logging data recorded by the exploration wells and development wells implemented in the oil reservoir, as well as the development dynamics, fluid detection, production capacity analysis, and dynamic monitoring data; The second determination unit is used to determine whether to perform oil production control intervention on the oil well based on the determined reservoir characteristic parameters, taking into account the basic parameters of the target reservoir, and using simulation methods such as material balance, strength verification, heat conduction, thermal expansion, and modeling numerical simulation; A detection unit, used to detect oil production indicators in the oil well to be produced; wherein the oil production indicators include at least one of the following: oil production rate, oil production index and liquid production index; A trigger unit, for triggering a heating unit and a delivery unit for oil production control of the oil well in response to the oil production index being lower than a set threshold; The heating unit is used to heat the reservoir near the wellbore through an electric heating device placed at the bottom of the well to be mined, so that the rock and fluid in the reservoir near the wellbore expand due to the heat, thereby increasing the reservoir pressure in the reservoir near the wellbore, promoting the fluidity of the reservoir, and allowing the fluid in the reservoir near the wellbore to flow into the wellbore; The delivery unit is used to deliver chemicals to the near-wellbore reservoir at the bottom of the well, so that the chemicals react chemically with corresponding substances at the bottom of the well and in the near-wellbore reservoir, and the heat and energy released by the chemical reaction of the chemicals are used to clear the blockage of the near-wellbore reservoir, and the gas released by the chemical reaction is used to promote the fluidity of the fluid in the formation, so that the fluid in the formation flows into the wellbore.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The device also includes: The simulation unit is used to create a thermodynamic model of reservoir rock and fluid, use the thermodynamic model to simulate the implementation process of oil well production control technology, and record relevant parameters of the process implementation; specifically, use a thermal expansion tester to measure the thermal expansion coefficient of reservoir rock, formation water, and crude oil; use a chemical reaction calorimeter to evaluate the heat release of chemical reactions of authigenic gas in different types of formations; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the flow laws of formation heating and rock and fluid expansion; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the flow laws of formation fluids under chemical authigenic gas conditions; use a physical simulation experimental device to simulate the extent of recovery improvement under different formation heating and chemical authigenic gas conditions.

7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The electric heating device includes a power grid line, a transformer assembly, a wellhead control cabinet, a wellhead blowout prevention device, a sealing device, a power supply cable, a well bottom straightening device, a heating cable, and a matching temperature monitoring device, a signal transmission device, and a remote control device; The heating cable is a mineral insulated heating cable, which is integrated with three heating conductors, a magnesium oxide insulation layer, and a high-strength stainless steel sheath.

8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The chemical agents include chemical agents and auxiliary agents that participate in chemical spontaneous gasification reactions, and the chemical agent systems include nitrite and ammonium salt reaction systems, hydrogen peroxide systems, polyhydroxy acid oxidation gasification systems, urea and nitrite reaction systems, active acid and carbonate reaction systems, and bicarbonate thermal decomposition systems; The auxiliary agents include chemical agents that provide protection and increase effects, including a foaming agent system for improving the production increase effect, a polymer system for stabilizing foam and controlling water breakthrough, a corrosion inhibitor system for protecting wellbore resources, a viscosity reducer system for reducing crude oil viscosity, and an imbibition agent system for improving oil production effect.

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