Electronic device

Abstract

The invention provides electronic equipment. The electronic equipment comprises a metal floor; the first end of the radiator is provided with a grounding point, the radiator is connected with the metal floor through the grounding point, the second end of the radiator is provided with a feeding point, the feeding point is connected with the feed source, the metal floor is parallel to the radiator, and a gap is formed between the metal floor and the radiator; wherein the radiator generates a first antenna mode with a first polarization direction and a second antenna mode with a second polarization direction under excitation of the feed source, and the first antenna mode and the second antenna mode alternately work and support transmission of first frequency band signals in a circular polarization mode. According to the electronic equipment provided by the invention, the grounding point and the feeding point of the radiator are respectively connected with the metal floor and the feed source, and the metal floor and the radiator are parallel and have the gap, so that the radiator alternately works in two antenna modes, and the transmission of the first frequency band signal is supported in a circular polarization mode. In this way, the size of the electronic device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the development and progress of science and technology, electronic devices with communication functions (for example, mobile phones) are becoming more and more popular in people's daily lives, and their functions are becoming more and more powerful. Electronic devices can usually send and receive wireless signals. Compared with traditional electronic devices that send and receive wireless signals in a linearly polarized manner, electronic devices that send and receive wireless signals in a circularly polarized manner have stronger anti-interference capabilities, can receive electromagnetic waves from any polarization direction, and can also send radiated waves in any polarization direction. Therefore, electronic devices that send and receive wireless signals in a circularly polarized manner have important applications in fields such as wireless communications.

[0003] However, the electronic device used in the related art for transmitting and receiving wireless signals in a circularly polarized manner has the problem of being large in size. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application are directed to providing an electronic device to reduce its size. The following is an introduction from the following aspects.

[0005] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a metal floor; and a radiator, wherein a first end of the radiator has a grounding point, the radiator is connected to the metal floor through the grounding point, a second end of the radiator has a feeding point, the feeding point is connected to a feed source, the metal floor is parallel to the radiator and there is a gap between the metal floor and the radiator; wherein the radiator generates a first antenna mode with a first polarization direction and a second antenna mode with a second polarization direction under the excitation of the feed source, respectively, and the first antenna mode and the second antenna mode work alternately to support the transmission of a first frequency band signal in a circularly polarized manner.

[0006] As a possible implementation manner, the first antenna mode is a monopole antenna mode, and the radiator is used to support the monopole antenna mode.

[0007] As a possible implementation manner, the first antenna mode is an inverted-F antenna mode.

[0008] As a possible implementation manner, the second antenna mode is a slot antenna mode, and the radiator and the metal floor jointly support the slot antenna mode.

[0009] As a possible implementation manner, the phase corresponding to the radiator in the first polarization direction is a first phase, the phase corresponding to the radiator in the second polarization direction is a second phase, the first phase differs from the second phase by 90 degrees, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0010] As a possible implementation manner, when the radiator is in the first antenna mode, the current on the radiator flows from the feeding point to the grounding point.

[0011] As a possible implementation manner, the current of the radiator at the feeding point is the smallest, and / or the current of the radiator at the grounding point is the largest.

[0012] As a possible implementation, when the radiator is in the second antenna mode, the current on the radiator includes a first current and a second current with opposite directions, the first current flows from the first end to the midpoint of the radiator, and the second current flows from the second end to the midpoint.

[0013] As a possible implementation manner, the current at both ends of the radiator is the largest, and / or the current at the middle point of the radiator is the smallest.

[0014] As a possible implementation manner, the equivalent electrical length of the radiator is greater than or equal to a quarter wavelength of the first frequency band, and less than or equal to a half wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0015] As a possible implementation, the electronic device further includes a tuning circuit, one end of the tuning circuit is connected to the ground point, and the other end of the tuning circuit is connected to the metal floor, and the tuning circuit is used to adjust the operating frequency of the radiator.

[0016] As a possible implementation manner, the radiator is a metal frame of the electronic device.

[0017] As a possible implementation manner, the radiator is an FPC antenna or an LDS antenna.

[0018] As a possible implementation manner, the electronic device includes a plurality of radiators, and the plurality of radiators are located at different positions of a metal frame of the electronic device to jointly support transmission of the first frequency band signal.

[0019] In the electronic device provided by the present application, the grounding point and the feeding point of the radiator are connected to the metal floor and the feed source respectively, and the metal floor and the radiator are parallel and have a gap, so that the radiator works alternately in the first antenna mode and the second antenna mode, thereby supporting the transmission of the first frequency band signal in a circularly polarized manner. The radiator formed in this way can reduce the size of the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a radiator.

[0021] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of another radiator.

[0022] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of yet another radiator.

[0023] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 5 Shown is a current distribution diagram of a radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 6 Shown is a current distribution diagram of a radiator provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 7 Shown is an example diagram of the circular polarization direction of the radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 8 Shown is an example diagram of the axial ratio of the radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Fig. 9 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Fig.10 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0031] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to scenarios where an electronic device receives and sends wireless signals. For ease of understanding, the electronic device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application is first introduced in detail.

[0032] In recent years, with the development of communication technology, the application of electronic devices has become more and more extensive, and electronic devices are also constantly updated and iterated. It should be noted that the electronic device mentioned in the embodiment of the present application can be any type of electronic device with wireless communication function. For example, the electronic device can be a portable mobile terminal or a handheld mobile terminal. As a specific example, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, a mobile phone or a smart phone, a portable game device (play station portable, PSP), a laptop, a tablet computer (pad), a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), a portable Internet device, a music player or a data storage device, etc.

[0033] Electronic devices are usually equipped with antennas for receiving and sending wireless signals. Antennas receive electromagnetic waves from the outside, convert them into signals, and transmit them to electronic devices, so that electronic devices can receive wireless signals. At the same time, antennas can also convert wireless signals generated by electronic devices into radiated waves, so that electronic devices can send signals outward, thereby achieving wireless communication.

[0034] The antenna is usually equipped with a radiator, which is the main body of the antenna and can be used to transmit and receive radio waves. The radiator can also be called the antenna radiator. The radiator can be made of a conductor, and common materials are metal or other conductive materials. In addition, the shape and structure of the radiator will affect the performance and radiation pattern of the antenna. Generally speaking, the length or size of the radiator should match the operating frequency in order to effectively radiate or receive electromagnetic waves.

[0035] At present, in order to enhance the communication function of electronic devices and reduce the loss of signals during transmission, circularly polarized antennas can be used as a medium for signal transmission in electronic devices. Circularly polarized antennas are a special antenna design used to receive and transmit electromagnetic waves. Compared with traditional linearly polarized antennas, the electric field vector of circularly polarized antennas rotates in a circular direction in space instead of oscillating in a straight line. This polarization mode enables circularly polarized antennas to receive signals in different polarization directions, especially in multipath propagation environments, with better anti-interference capabilities, and can provide electronic devices with better signal reception and transmission performance. Therefore, circularly polarized antennas are widely used in fields such as wireless communications and radar. The application of circularly polarized antennas can not only improve the quality of signal reception and expand the coverage of signals, but also adapt to signals with different polarization modes, thereby improving the performance of electronic devices and user experience.

[0036] Circularly polarized antennas are usually achieved through special antenna structure design and adjustment. Generally speaking, circularly polarized antennas can be composed of two orthogonal antenna layouts (i.e., two orthogonal antenna phases), and the phase difference between the two phases is 90 degrees. This 90-degree phase difference allows the circularly polarized antenna to simultaneously receive and radiate electromagnetic waves in both horizontal and vertical directions, ensuring that the emitted radiated waves can form circularly polarized signals.

[0037] Typically, structures used to synthesize circularly polarized antennas include helical antennas, rotating polarizer antennas, dual-polarized antennas, and antenna arrays. Circularly polarized radiation of the antennas is achieved by adjusting the phase difference and amplitude of the antennas in an appropriate manner.

[0038] For ease of understanding, the following will take a mobile phone as an example to introduce in detail the commonly used circularly polarized antennas in current electronic devices.

[0039] As a possible implementation, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The structure of a circularly polarized antenna 40 for a mobile phone is shown. Figure 1 The circular polarization antenna 40 is a common structure of mobile phones on the market, and is used to receive and send wireless signals. The circular polarization antenna 40 is composed of a spiral metal wire, and is cylindrical in shape as a whole, and is one of the commonly used structures for forming a circular polarization antenna. Figure 2 The specific structure of the circular polarization antenna 40 can be seen that the circular polarization antenna 40 can realize circular polarization radiation by making a wire or a metal sheet into a spiral shape and connecting it to the antenna drive end. The circular polarization antenna 40 can be divided into two types: right-handed and left-handed, corresponding to right-handed spiral circular polarization (right hand circularly polarization, RHCP) and left-handed spiral circular polarization (left handcircularly polarization, LHCP), respectively. However, the circular polarization antenna 40 is cylindrical as a whole, has a large volume, and is not easy to be integrated into a mobile phone. In addition, the circular polarization antenna 40 is designed separately, and the structure of the electronic device is not fully utilized, resulting in the inability to further reduce the volume of the electronic device, and is not suitable for smart phones currently on the market.

[0040] As another possible implementation, Figure 3Another mobile phone circular polarization antenna 44 shown adopts the structure of an umbrella-shaped circular polarization directional radiation antenna. The umbrella-shaped circular polarization antenna is usually composed of two or more radiating elements, each of which has a different radiation mode, such as linear polarization or plane polarization. By precisely controlling the position, orientation and phase difference of the radiating elements, the electromagnetic waves are radiated in a rotating manner. In this way, regardless of the polarization direction of the receiver, a signal with the same power can be received, thereby achieving circular polarization. However, the circular polarization antenna of this structure cannot be integrated into a mobile phone and needs to be placed outside the mobile phone, resulting in a larger size of the mobile phone, which cannot match the design concept of the current lightweight and compact smart phones.

[0041] In view of the problems existing in current electronic devices, the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application connects the ground point and the feeding point of the radiator to the metal floor and the feed source respectively, and the metal floor and the radiator are parallel and have a gap, so that the radiator works alternately in the first antenna mode and the second antenna mode, thereby supporting the transmission of the first frequency band signal in a circularly polarized manner. The radiator formed in this way can reduce the size of the electronic device.

[0042] For ease of understanding, the following Figure 4 The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced in detail. Figure 4 In the structure of the electronic device 100 , the electronic device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application may include a metal floor 12 and a radiator 16 .

[0043] The metal floor 12 generally refers to a metal plate installed at the bottom of the radiator 16 or near the radiator 16, which can realize the grounding and power feeding functions for the radiator 16, and ensure the stability and safety of the radiator 16. In some embodiments, the metal floor 12 can reuse the main board, small board, middle board (that is, the part of the electronic device frame other than the frame), etc. of the electronic device 100 to reduce the volume of the electronic device 100. The metal floor 12 can also play a role in reflection and interference suppression, enhance the receiving effect of the radiator by reflecting the signal, and suppress the surrounding electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the performance of the radiator 16.

[0044] In order to achieve the communication performance of the electronic device 100, the first end of the radiator 16 has a grounding point 14, and the radiator 16 is connected to the metal floor 12 through the grounding point 14, which is used to guide the charge current between the radiator 16 and the ground into the ground to eliminate charge accumulation and electrostatic discharge, and at the same time, it can also provide a stable ground reference plane for the operation of the radiator 16. The second end of the radiator 16 has a feeding point 18, and the feeding point 18 is connected to the feed source, which is used to transmit the electrical signal provided by the signal source (such as a transceiver, an antenna driver, etc.) to the radiator 16 through the feeding point 18, and then radiate it out to achieve the communication function of the electronic device 100.

[0045] It should be understood that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the position of the end of the radiator 16. For example, the first end and the second end of the radiator 16 in the embodiment of the present application can be the end position of the radiator 16 or the position on the radiator 16 close to the end.

[0046] Furthermore, the metal floor 12 is arranged parallel to the radiator 16. When the two are parallel, a closed circuit can be formed between the metal floor 12 and the radiator 16, the feeding point 18 and the grounding point 14. At this time, the electromagnetic wave interaction between the metal floor 12 and the radiator 16 will be reduced, thereby reducing signal interference, allowing electromagnetic waves to propagate better and reducing signal attenuation.

[0047] In addition, a gap is provided between the metal floor 12 and the radiator 16 , which provides better conditions for forming a slot antenna mode.

[0048] Generally, the radiator can receive or transmit signals of different frequency bands according to the signal frequency bands of different application scenarios. For example, the radiator can work at ultra high frequency (UHF), the working frequency band is generally between 300MHz and 3GHz, and is mainly used for mobile communication, satellite communication, radio broadcasting, etc. Alternatively, the radiator can work at super high frequency (SHF), the working frequency band is generally between 3GHz and 30GHz, and is mainly used for radar, satellite communication, radio broadcasting, etc.

[0049] In order to realize transmission of electronic devices in multiple frequency bands, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the frequency bands of signals received and transmitted by the radiator. For example, the radiator provided in the embodiments of the present application can transmit signals in the first frequency band.

[0050] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the equivalent electrical length of the radiator 16 in the electronic device 100, that is, the equivalent electrical length of the radiator 16 can meet the working wavelength of the required mode. Figure 4 Taking the equivalent electrical length L of the radiator 16 shown in as an example, the equivalent electrical length L of the radiator 16 in the embodiment of the present application may be greater than or equal to a quarter wavelength of the first frequency band, and less than or equal to a half wavelength of the first frequency band. Because, when the length of the radiator 16 is less than a quarter wavelength of the first frequency band, the ability of the electronic device 100 to receive or radiate wireless signals will be reduced; and when the length of the radiator 16 is greater than a half wavelength of the first frequency band, the radiated wireless signal phases will cancel each other out, thereby weakening the radiation effect. Therefore, in order to enable the electronic device 100 to effectively receive or radiate wireless signals, the equivalent electrical length L of the radiator 16 may be set between a quarter wavelength and a half wavelength of the first frequency band, thereby maximizing the communication effect of the electronic device 100.

[0051] When working, the wavelength of the radiator corresponds to its central operating frequency, that is, the wavelength (λ) is related to the frequency (the central frequency point f of a certain frequency band), and the calculation formula is λ = c / f. At different central operating frequencies, the equivalent electrical wavelength corresponding to the radiator can be different. In addition, since the wavelength of the radiator is inversely proportional to the central operating frequency, that is, the higher the frequency of the radiator, the shorter the wavelength. For example, the frequency of the radiator when working at a quarter wavelength is greater than the frequency of the radiator when working at a half wavelength.

[0052] It should be understood that Figure 4 This is only a simplified diagram of the electronic device 100. The actual electronic device 100 may also include Figure 4 The electronic device 100 may include more than the components shown. Figure 4 Fewer devices are shown.

[0053] In wireless communication, the antenna mode in which the radiator works can be adjusted to achieve the best signal transmission effect at different frequencies and wavelengths. Therefore, the radiator can work in different antenna modes to adapt to different communication requirements and signal conditions. Furthermore, the radiator provided in the embodiment of the present application can work in two different antenna modes. The following is an example of a radiator working in the first antenna mode and the second antenna mode.

[0054] The radiator generates a first antenna mode with a first polarization direction and a second antenna mode with a second polarization direction under the excitation of the feed source. In the first antenna mode, the radiation wave in the radiator can propagate along the first polarization direction. Similarly, when the radiator works in the second antenna mode, the radiation wave propagates along the second polarization direction.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna mode and the second antenna mode of the radiator can work alternately to support the transmission of the first frequency band signal in a circularly polarized manner. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the working mode of the radiator in different antenna modes. For example, the radiator can be a monopole antenna mode in the first antenna mode, or the radiator can be a slot antenna mode in the first antenna mode. As a more specific example, the radiator in the embodiment of the present application is a monopole antenna mode in the first antenna mode. The monopole antenna is a common type of antenna, which is an antenna with only one conductor, one end of which is grounded to keep the antenna working stably; the other end is fed and serves as the radiating part of the antenna to transmit signals. The monopole antenna is characterized by a simple structure, easy manufacture and installation, low cost, and is suitable for short-distance communication and low-frequency signal transmission.

[0056] In order to meet the radiation conditions required by the monopole antenna, the radiator is used to support the monopole antenna mode, so as to achieve the radiation characteristics required by the monopole antenna and improve the performance and working efficiency of the monopole antenna.

[0057] When the radiator is in the first antenna mode, one end of the radiator is grounded and the other end is fed. When the electrical signal provided by the signal source is transmitted to the radiator through the feeding point, a current distribution is generated on the radiator, thereby generating a radiation field. At this time, the equivalent electrical length of the radiator is one-quarter of the wavelength of the first frequency band, and the current distribution on the radiator reaches resonance, providing better radiation conditions for the monopole antenna, thereby supporting the normal operation of the monopole antenna.

[0058] Furthermore, the structure in which one end of the radiator is grounded and the other end is fed makes the radiator present an inverted-F antenna (IFA) mode in the first antenna mode, or in other words, the radiator forms an inverted-F antenna in the first antenna mode. The inverted-F antenna can be understood as a special monopole antenna that operates in a quarter-wavelength mode. Its shape is similar to the letter "F", but unlike the traditional F-shaped antenna, the inverted-F antenna folds the upper half of the antenna in the opposite direction to form an inverted "L" shape, so it is called an inverted F antenna. The inverted-F antenna has broadband characteristics and can cover multiple frequency bands. It is widely used in mobile phones, wireless local area networks (wireless fidelity, Wi-Fi), Bluetooth (Bluetooth, BT), global positioning systems (global positioning systems, GPS) and many other fields.

[0059] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the working mode of the radiator in the second antenna mode. Similarly, the radiator can be in a monopole antenna mode or a slot antenna mode in the second antenna mode. As a more specific example, the radiator is in a slot antenna mode when working in the second antenna mode, or in other words, the radiator forms a slot antenna when working in the second antenna mode.

[0060] Slot antenna (SA), also known as slot antenna, is a special antenna structure, which is usually achieved by leaving a certain gap between the radiator and the metal floor.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present application, the radiator and the metal floor can jointly support the slot antenna mode. As an implementation method, when the radiator is in the second antenna mode, the radiator is connected to the metal floor through a grounding point and a feeding point, respectively, and a gap is provided between the metal floor and the radiator. When the radiator is excited through the feeding point, current will flow on the radiator, thereby generating electromagnetic waves. Due to the presence of the gap, a portion of the electromagnetic waves will pass through the gap into the bottom of the metal floor, forming surface waves or floor waves. At this time, the equivalent electrical length of the radiator is half the wavelength of the first frequency band, which provides better radiation conditions for the slot antenna to work, thereby supporting the slot antenna to work.

[0062] When the slot antenna is working, the working frequency of the antenna is usually changed by the position and size of the slot. Since the slot antenna can adjust the frequency by changing the size of the slot without being limited by its own size, the slot antenna can work in a very small size and is suitable for various occasions. In addition, the structure of the slot antenna makes it have a wide-band characteristic and can support the operation of multiple frequency bands, thereby realizing wireless communication in multiple frequency bands.

[0063] In order to form the condition of circular polarization, the phase corresponding to the first polarization direction of the radiator is the first phase, and the phase corresponding to the second polarization direction of the radiator is the second phase. The first phase and the second phase of the radiator differ by 90 degrees, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other, so that the radiator in the embodiment of the present application can form a circularly polarized radiation wave, thereby forming a radiator with circular polarization characteristics, so that the electronic device can support the transmission of the first frequency band signal in a circularly polarized manner.

[0064] It should be understood that the phase of the radiator in the embodiment of the present application refers to the phase difference of the current or voltage on the radiator relative to the reference point (usually the starting point of the radiator). Therefore, the phase angle of the radiator is the angle relative to the reference point, not the absolute angle. When the radiator is working, the phase difference between different radiators can be determined by measuring the relative angles of different radiators, thereby realizing applications such as phase control and signal synthesis of the radiator.

[0065] In some embodiments, when the radiator is in a monopole antenna mode in the first antenna mode, the equivalent electrical length of the radiator can be a quarter wavelength of the first frequency band. The phase of the radiator in the first antenna mode is a first phase, and the phase angle is 0 degrees, that is, the working state when the signal just starts to be transmitted. Figure 5 This is a current distribution diagram of the radiator when it is working in the first antenna mode, which can reflect the current intensity and direction on the radiator and is used to display the current distribution of the radiator when it is working. Figure 5It can be seen that when the radiator works in the first antenna mode, the current of the radiator is the largest at the grounding point 14 (i.e., the short-circuit point) and the smallest at the feeding point 18. In this working state, the current in the radiator flows from the feeding point 18 to the grounding point 14. At this time, the polarization direction of the radiator, that is, the propagation direction of the wireless signal in the radiator in space, is vertical polarization.

[0066] In some embodiments, when the radiator is in a slot antenna mode in the second antenna mode, the equivalent electrical length of the radiator can be half the wavelength of the first frequency band. The radiator has a second phase in the second antenna mode, and the phase of the radiator is 90 degrees, that is, the signal has passed a quarter of the transmission cycle. Figure 6 : is a current distribution diagram of the radiator when it works in the second antenna mode. It can be seen that when the radiator works in the second antenna mode, the current on the radiator includes a first current and a second current with opposite directions. There is a middle point on the radiator, and the middle point can be located in the middle position or near the middle position of the radiator. Among them, the first current flows from the first end of the radiator to the middle point of the radiator, and the second current flows from the second end of the radiator to the middle point of the radiator. The current at both ends of the radiator 16 is the largest, and the current at the middle point of the radiator 16 is the smallest. Figure 6 In the case of a radiator, the current flows from the two ends of the radiator to the middle. At this time, the polarization direction of the radiator is horizontal polarization.

[0067] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be seen that the radiator provided in the embodiment of the present application can work in the monopole antenna mode and the slot antenna mode, the phase difference between the two working modes is 90 degrees, and the polarization direction of the radiator in the first phase (the first polarization direction) and the polarization direction of the radiator in the second phase (the second polarization direction) are perpendicular to each other, therefore, the conditions for circular polarization radiation are met, and the electronic device can send and receive wireless signals in a circularly polarized manner. On the one hand, since both the monopole antenna and the slot antenna have the characteristics of small size, the radiator with circular polarization characteristics synthesized by the two antennas can realize the miniaturization of electronic devices; on the other hand, since both the monopole antenna and the slot antenna have a wider working frequency band, the electronic device using the radiator with circular polarization characteristics can also work in more frequency bands. Both the monopole antenna and the slot antenna can convert the input signal into a radiated wave well, therefore, the electronic device using the radiator with circular polarization characteristics has a higher radiation efficiency, is suitable for a variety of scenarios, and can be widely used in the field of communications.

[0068] The radiator provided in the embodiment of the present application can form a circularly polarized radiation wave and has good circular polarization characteristics. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The circular polarization characteristics of the radiator provided in the embodiment of the present application are introduced. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The circular polarization radiation pattern and axial ratio diagram of the radiator provided in the embodiments of the present application can reflect the communication performance of the circular polarization radiator.

[0069] Figure 7 It is the circular polarization radiation pattern of the radiator, which describes the direction and phase difference of the electric field or magnetic field of the radiator in different directions. The radiation ability of the radiator in different directions is determined by the electromagnetic field strength of the radiator in different directions, thereby determining the polarization direction of the radiator. In addition, it can be seen that the radiation pattern has no obvious side lobes, indicating that the main lobe direction of the radiator is very concentrated and clear, and the radiation range is relatively narrow. This means that the radiator provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize a directional circularly polarized beam wave, can send or receive signals to a specific direction with high accuracy, and has a small response to interference signals in other directions and strong anti-interference ability. This feature makes the radiator with circular polarization characteristics provided in the embodiment of the present application have advantages in wireless communications and can provide a more stable and reliable communication connection.

[0070] Figure 8 The axial ratio diagram of a radiator with circular polarization characteristics is used to indicate the radiation intensity of the radiator in different directions. At this point, it can be seen that the maximum radiation direction R of the radiator's beam is the direction pointing vertically from the center point to the outside, and the axial ratio (Axial Ratio, AR) in this direction is the smallest, AR<3dB. It should be noted that when the axial ratio of a radiator with circular polarization characteristics is less than 3dB, it can be reflected that the polarization characteristics of the radiator in the beam direction are good, the polarization loss is small, and it can effectively receive or transmit electromagnetic waves.

[0071] It can be seen from the above description that the radiator in the embodiment of the present application is not only small in size, but also has good circular polarization characteristics, and the radiator has a simple structure, which is convenient for integration with electronic equipment, and has strong feasibility and implementation.

[0072] In order to enable electronic devices to operate in more frequency bands and achieve communication in a wider range, the radiator provided in the embodiment of the present application can change its own operating frequency through tuning to enhance its own communication capability. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the tuning method of the radiator. For example, the radiator can adjust its operating frequency by changing its own physical length, or the radiator can adjust its own operating frequency by setting a tunable device.

[0073] As a possible implementation, the operating frequency of the radiator in the embodiment of the present application can be determined by the length of the radiator, and it should be understood that the radiator can adjust its own operating frequency by changing the length of the radiator. This implementation does not require the provision of other devices and has a relatively simple structure.

[0074] As another possible implementation, Fig. 9 As shown, the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application also includes a tuning circuit 14, one end of the tuning circuit 144 is connected to the ground point 13, and the other end is connected to the metal floor 12, which is used to adjust the operating frequency of the radiator 16 so that the radiator 16 can operate in more frequency bands.

[0075] also, Fig. 9 The electronic device also includes other structures such as a metal frame 26, a metal floor 12, a button 24, a USB interface 22, and a notch 28 of the metal frame, which are used to jointly support the wireless communication function of the electronic device.

[0076] The present application embodiment does not limit the tuning element loaded in the tuning circuit. For example, the tuning element may be an inductance (Lenz) tuning element, a capacitance (capacitance) tuning element, or an inductance capacitance (LC) tuning element. As a more specific example, the tuning element in the present application embodiment may be Fig. 9 On the one hand, the LC tuning element 142 loaded at the grounding point can change the equivalent electrical length of the radiator 16, thereby tuning the radiator 16 so that the radiator 16 can operate at different frequencies. On the other hand, the LC tuning grounding circuit 14 is connected to the grounding terminal of the metal floor 12 through one end, which can effectively filter out high-frequency common mode noise and interference signals in the circuit, thereby improving the anti-interference ability of the electronic equipment and ensuring the quality and stability of signal transmission. This tuning method is simple to operate, not only allows the electronic equipment to work in more communication frequency bands, but also provides a good grounding effect, improving the anti-interference ability and reliability of the electronic equipment.

[0077] It should be understood that when the radiator only supports one operating frequency band, if the electrical length of the radiator itself can meet the radiation requirements, a tuning circuit (such as an LC tuning circuit) may not be introduced. When the radiator needs to work in other frequency bands, in order to make the radiator work in the corresponding frequency band, a tuning circuit is needed to adjust the equivalent electrical length of the radiator so that it can work within the range of one quarter wavelength to half wavelength of the first frequency band, so that the radiator can work in more frequency bands to achieve multi-band wireless communication functions.

[0078] In order to further reduce the size of the electronic device, the radiator can be a metal frame of the electronic device. Using the metal frame of the electronic device as a radiator, on the one hand, can make full use of the space of the electronic device and avoid adding additional radiator structures, thereby reducing the volume of the electronic device; on the other hand, the metal frame has a large surface area, which can increase the radiation area of ​​the radiator and improve the radiation power of the radiator. In addition, the metal frame as a radiator can play a shielding role, block interference from other wireless signals, and improve the working stability and anti-interference ability of the electronic device.

[0079] In order to achieve the diversification of the radiator, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the radiator. For example, the radiator can be a metal frame with good conductive properties, or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) or a laser direct structuring (LDS). Therefore, the radiator in the embodiment of the present application can be a metal frame of an electronic device, or an FPC antenna or an LDS antenna.

[0080] As a possible implementation, the radiator in the embodiment of the present application may be a metal frame of an electronic device. The metal frame is usually made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity (such as copper or aluminum) and has a certain length and shape to maximize the capture and radiation of electromagnetic waves. The radiator made of metal material has excellent conduction performance, strong durability, and low manufacturing cost.

[0081] As another possible implementation, the radiator in the embodiment of the present application may be an FPC antenna. As a conductive material, FPC has flexibility and bendability and can adapt to complex spatial layouts and curved shapes.

[0082] As another possible implementation, the radiator in the embodiment of the present application may also be an LDS antenna. The LDS antenna uses a laser to directly form a conductive material on a plastic substrate, thereby manufacturing a plastic module with a radiation function. The radiator using LDS has a flexible design and a compact structure, which can further realize the miniaturization of electronic devices.

[0083] It should be noted that the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of radiators it contains. The previous article introduces an example in which there is a radiator in the electronic device, and a radiator with circular polarization characteristics is synthesized by two antenna modes with a phase difference of 90 degrees and polarization directions at different phases that are perpendicular to each other. However, the number of radiators in the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to one, but can also be multiple (such as two, three, etc.), and the multiple radiators are located at different positions of the metal frame of the electronic device to jointly support the transmission of the first frequency band signal.

[0084] It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the types of multiple radiators in the electronic device, and the electronic device can set different radiator types according to different communication requirements. For example, the multiple radiators in the electronic device can all be radiators with circular polarization characteristics, or the electronic device can also be composed of radiators with circular polarization characteristics and radiators of other modes (such as radiators with linear polarization characteristics).

[0085] It should also be understood that, in the case where multiple radiators in an electronic device are radiators with circular polarization characteristics, the multiple radiators may be the same radiators with circular polarization characteristics, or may be different radiators with circular polarization characteristics, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this. For example, the electronic device includes two radiators, and both radiators are radiators with circular polarization characteristics that are in a monopole antenna mode in a first antenna mode and in a slot antenna mode in a second antenna mode. Alternatively, the electronic device includes two radiators, one of which is a radiator with circular polarization characteristics that is in a monopole antenna mode in a first antenna mode and in a slot antenna mode in a second antenna mode, and the other radiator is a radiator with circular polarization characteristics of other modes.

[0086] The following takes an electronic device 200 composed of two radiators with circular polarization characteristics as an example to provide other examples of electronic devices provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0087] like Fig.10 The structure diagram of the electronic device 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown, which includes a metal floor 22, a first radiator 24 and a second radiator 26. Furthermore, in order to further reduce the size of the electronic device 200, the first radiator 24 and the second radiator 26 are metal frames of the electronic device 200. Among them, the first end of the first radiator 24 has a first grounding point 242, and the first radiator 24 is connected to the metal floor 22 through the first grounding point 242; the second end of the first radiator 24 has a first feeding point 246, and the first feeding point 246 is connected to the feed source. Similarly, the two ends of the second radiator 26, one end is connected to the metal floor 22 through the second grounding point 262, and the other end has a second feeding point 266, which is connected to the feed source.

[0088] In the design of the electronic device 200 in the embodiment of the present application, the equivalent electrical lengths of the two radiators are not limited, that is, the equivalent electrical lengths of the radiators can meet the working wavelength of the required mode. For example, the length of the first radiator 24 and / or the length of the second radiator 26 in the embodiment of the present application can be greater than or equal to a quarter wavelength of the first frequency band and less than or equal to a half wavelength of the first frequency band, so as to maximize the communication effect of the electronic device 200.

[0089] In order to enable electronic devices to have higher radiation power in different directions and meet more communication needs, the embodiment of the present application can change the radiation direction of the radiator by adjusting the antenna mode of the radiator. Furthermore, the first radiator 24 can operate in two different antenna modes, and the polarization directions of the two antenna modes of the first radiator 24 can be perpendicular to each other with a phase difference of 90 degrees. This working mode enables the first radiator 24 to have better conditions for forming a circularly polarized radiator and can form a circularly polarized radiation wave.

[0090] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the working mode of the first radiator 24 in different antenna modes at different phases. For example, the first radiator 24 can be a monopole antenna mode in the first antenna mode, or the first radiator 24 can be a slot antenna mode in the first antenna mode. As a more specific example, the first radiator 24 in the embodiment of the present application is a monopole antenna mode in the first antenna mode and a slot antenna mode in the second antenna mode.

[0091] The circularly polarized radiation wave synthesized by the monopole antenna and the slot antenna has a good circular polarization effect, which can not only improve the anti-interference ability of the electronic device 200, but also increase the signal transmission range of the electronic device 200.

[0092] Similarly, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the working mode of the second radiator 26 in different antenna modes. The working mode of the second radiator 26 can be a monopole antenna mode, or the working mode of the second radiator 26 can be a slot antenna mode. As a more specific example, in the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna mode of the second radiator 26 is a monopole antenna mode, and the second antenna mode is a slot antenna mode. In addition, the polarization directions of the two antenna modes are perpendicular to each other, and the phase difference is 90 degrees, so that a radiator with circular polarization characteristics can be synthesized.

[0093] The combination design of multiple radiators in electronic devices has many advantages. On the one hand, since multiple radiators can work in different frequency bands, they can cover a wider signal range in different directions, thereby improving the coverage and transmission effect of electronic device communication; on the other hand, the combination of multiple radiators can enhance the circular polarization radiation effect of electronic devices, further reduce the impact of interference signals on electronic devices, and improve the anti-interference ability of electronic devices. Therefore, electronic devices using multiple radiators can enhance the communication ability of electronic devices and improve the overall gain of electronic devices.

[0094] It should be understood that Fig.10 This is only a simplified diagram of the electronic device 200. The actual electronic device 200 may also include Fig.10 The electronic device 200 may include more than the components shown. Fig.10 Fewer devices are shown.

[0095] Optionally, the radiator in the embodiment of the present application can be set on the frame of the electronic device, while the conventional cellular antenna (CA) in the electronic device is used for cellular network communication and is usually set on the outside of the electronic device. The short-range antenna is an antenna used for short-range communication, such as Bluetooth, wireless local area network, and is usually set inside the electronic device. Therefore, the radiator in the embodiment of the present application can be reused with the conventional cellular antenna and short-range antenna in the electronic device, which means that in one electronic device, three different types of radiators can be used at the same time, so that users can use different types of communication services at the same time, which improves the communication capability and scope of application of the electronic device. Such a setting can reduce the number of radiators in the device, save space and cost, and improve the integration and appearance of the electronic device.

[0096] Optionally, the radiator, grounding point, and feeding point provided in the embodiment of the present application are all located on one side of the frame of the electronic device, and can be set at any position of the frame of the electronic device according to the actual usage of the user. As a possible implementation method, the radiator in the embodiment of the present application can be set on the top of the electronic device, which can effectively avoid the reception and transmission of signals due to the occlusion of the hand. When the user holds the device with one hand, the position of the hand may block the radiator, resulting in a decrease in signal quality and affecting the communication effect of the device. Setting the radiator on the top of the device can avoid this problem and improve the stability and transmission quality of the signal.

[0097] As another possible implementation, the radiator in the embodiment of the present application can be set at the waist of the electronic device, which can effectively prevent the user from holding the radiator with both hands when using the electronic device, thereby preventing the signal from being interfered or attenuated. This can improve the quality and stability of the electronic device signal.

[0098] Optionally, as the main part responsible for receiving and sending radio signals, the radiator usually needs to have good electrical conductivity and strong signal transmission capability. Different shapes and arrangements of the radiator can form different types of radiators to achieve different uses. The forms of the radiator include straight rods, spirals, folds, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the form of the radiator. For example, the radiator can be a straight rod or a spiral rod. As a more specific example, the radiator in the embodiment of the present application can be a straight branch with a simple structure, small size, strong communication capability and scope of application.

[0099] Optionally, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the material type of the metal floor. For example, the metal floor can be made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, etc., which can effectively reflect and conduct electromagnetic signals.

[0100] The following takes the electronic device as a mobile phone as an example. Fig. 9 , a more specific example of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application is given. It should be noted that, Fig. 9 The examples shown are only to help those skilled in the art understand the embodiments of the present application, and the embodiments are limited to the specific values ​​or specific scenarios illustrated. Those skilled in the art can obviously make various equivalent modifications or changes based on the examples given below, and such modifications or changes also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0101] Fig. 9 The structure includes a mobile phone area and a radiator. The mobile phone area includes a mobile phone metal frame 26 and a mobile phone metal floor 12. The mobile phone area also includes a mobile phone button 24, a USB interface 22, and a notch 28 of the metal frame. The radiator 16 has a grounding point 144 and a feeding point 18, an LC tuning element 142, and an LC tuning grounding circuit 14. The radiator 16 is a section of the metal frame 26 of the mobile phone.

[0102] The metal frame 26 of the mobile phone plays a structural role in supporting the mobile phone, making the mobile phone more stable during use. The metal floor 12 is used to provide power feeding and grounding functions for the radiator, and supports the radiator to realize signal transmission function. The mobile phone button 24 is used to realize the operation of different functions of the mobile phone. The USB interface 22 at the bottom of the mobile phone is used to connect the mobile phone and other devices to realize the functions of charging, data transmission and connecting peripherals.

[0103] Fig. 9 The radiator 16 in the apparatus has a first end connected to the metal floor 12 via a grounding point 144, and a feeding point 18 on a second end connected to a feed source, so as to realize the function of the radiator 16 receiving and transmitting radio waves.

[0104] In addition, an LC tuning element 142 is provided on the line connecting the radiator 16 and the grounding point 144, thereby forming an LC tuning grounding circuit 14 for adjusting the operating frequency of the radiator so that the mobile phone can operate in more communication frequency bands.

[0105] At the same time, in order to further reduce the size of the mobile phone, the radiator 16 is a metal frame 26 on the mobile phone. As a radiator, the metal frame 26 can play a shielding role, block interference from other wireless signals, and improve the working stability and anti-interference ability of the mobile phone.

[0106] Furthermore, the radiator 16 can work in two antenna modes. The radiator 16 has a first polarization direction in the first antenna mode, and has a second polarization direction in the second antenna mode. The first antenna mode and the second antenna mode work alternately to support the transmission of the first frequency band signal in a circularly polarized manner.

[0107] Furthermore, when the radiator 16 works in the first antenna mode, it is in a monopole antenna mode, which has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and install, has low cost, and is suitable for short-distance communication and low-frequency signal transmission. When the radiator 16 works in the second antenna mode, it is in a slot antenna mode. The slot antenna is small in size and has a wide-band characteristic, and can realize wireless communication in multiple frequency bands. The phase difference between the monopole antenna and the slot antenna when working is 90 degrees, so it has good circular polarization conditions and can form circularly polarized radiation waves. In addition, the radiator with circular polarization characteristics synthesized by the monopole antenna and the slot antenna can be integrated in a mobile phone. It is not only small in size, but also has strong anti-interference ability, which further improves the communication capability of the mobile phone.

[0108] In addition, a certain gap 28 is left between the radiator 16 and other parts of the mobile phone metal frame 26. The gap 28 is used to form a certain interval with other radiators in the mobile phone to prevent coupling when multiple radiators work together and interfere with the operation of the mobile phone. Providing the gap 28 on the metal frame 26 of the mobile phone can ensure that multiple radiators in the mobile phone can work together, improve the stability and reliability of the mobile phone, and further improve the communication performance of the mobile phone.

[0109] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A. However, it should also be understood that determining B according to A does not mean determining B only according to A, and B can also be determined according to A and / or other information.

[0110] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0111] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0112] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, electronic devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0113] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0114] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0115] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be read by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)).

[0116] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: Metal flooring; as well as A radiator, wherein a first end of the radiator has a grounding point, the radiator is connected to the metal floor through the grounding point, a second end of the radiator has a feeding point, the feeding point is connected to a feed source, the metal floor is parallel to the radiator and there is a gap between the metal floor and the radiator; Wherein, the radiator generates a first antenna mode with a first polarization direction and a second antenna mode with a second polarization direction under the excitation of the feed source, and the first antenna mode and the second antenna mode work alternately to support the transmission of the first frequency band signal in a circularly polarized manner.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antenna mode is a monopole antenna mode, and the radiator is used to support the monopole antenna mode.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first antenna mode is an inverted-F antenna mode.

4. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second antenna mode is a slot antenna mode, and the radiator and the metal floor jointly support the slot antenna mode.

5. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The phase corresponding to the radiator in the first polarization direction is a first phase, and the phase corresponding to the radiator in the second polarization direction is a second phase. The first phase differs from the second phase by 90 degrees, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other.

6. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: When the radiator is in the first antenna mode, the current on the radiator flows from the feeding point to the grounding point.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The current of the radiator at the feeding point is the smallest, and / or the current of the radiator at the grounding point is the largest.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: When the radiator is in the second antenna mode, the current on the radiator includes a first current and a second current with opposite directions, the first current flows from the first end to a middle point of the radiator, and the second current flows from the second end to the middle point.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The current at both ends of the radiator is the largest, and / or the current at the middle point of the radiator is the smallest.

10. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The equivalent electrical length of the radiator is greater than or equal to a quarter wavelength of the first frequency band and less than or equal to a half wavelength of the first frequency band.

11. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises: A tuning circuit, one end of the tuning circuit is connected to the ground point, and the other end of the tuning circuit is connected to the metal floor, and the tuning circuit is used to adjust the operating frequency of the radiator.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The radiator is a metal frame of the electronic device.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The radiator is an FPC antenna or an LDS antenna.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a plurality of radiators, and the plurality of radiators are located at different positions of a metal frame of the electronic device to jointly support transmission of the first frequency band signal.

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