Rapid remediation vehicle for in-situ continuous cropping obstacle soil

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-situ continuous cropping obstacle soil rapid repairing vehicle which comprises a soil collecting and conveying mechanism, an air distribution mechanism, a combustion furnace, a pulverizer, a water vapor recycling mechanism and a walking mechanism. The soil collecting and conveying mechanism is installed at the front end of the walking mechanism through a support, the combustion furnace, the air distribution mechanism and the water vapor recycling mechanism are installed above the walking mechanism, and the pulverizer is arranged at the top of the combustion furnace. The device has the characteristics of high environmental adaptability and in-situ remediation; according to the equipment, multiple remediation factors such as charcoal and temperature are fully utilized, pathogenic microorganisms and autotoxic substances in continuous cropping obstacle soil can be effectively treated, positive significance is achieved for improving the yield and quality of crops and promoting green and sustainable development of facility agriculture, the problem of rapid continuous cropping obstacle soil treatment is effectively solved, and the treatment cost is reduced. Meanwhile, a new thought is provided for treatment and disposal of rural organic waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of combustion furnaces, and in particular relates to an in-situ rapid repair vehicle for soil obstructed by continuous cropping. Background Art

[0002] Agriculture is the primary industry in my country, but due to the limited available land area, continuous cropping patterns are inevitably produced. Therefore, the continuous cropping obstacles encountered during planting have become more and more serious in recent years, causing peanut production to decrease by more than 50%, resulting in a 10% to 15% reduction in the total output of major crops worldwide, and direct economic losses of up to hundreds of billions of dollars each year. However, there are currently few reports on the use of heat treatment to repair soil with continuous cropping obstacles, and no reports on the study of high-temperature oxygen-limited synergistic pyrolysis. Oxygen-limited high-temperature treatment has the characteristics of fast speed, in-situ repair, and strong adaptability. Previously, related treatment methods were mostly soil strong reduction treatment or crop rotation. This equipment uses in-situ repair technology, which can directly repair soil with continuous cropping obstacles in farmland without transporting the soil to external treatment, saving transportation costs and reducing environmental pollution during the repair process. In addition, the development and utilization of waste biomass is not only an important measure for comprehensive rural environmental improvement and non-point source pollution control, but also a necessary way to alleviate the resource and energy crisis in my country and even the world and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Adding agricultural and forestry waste as organic materials to burn biochar can not only provide a solution to rural non-point source pollutants, but also assist in repairing soil with continuous cropping obstacles and realize waste resource utilization. It is not difficult to infer that agricultural and forestry wastes can be mixed with the soil to be treated and then synergistically pyrolyzed to produce biochar-soil mixture to repair the soil. At the same time, the high temperature during pyrolysis can be used to reduce and kill pathogenic microorganisms and reconstruct the soil microbial community structure. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an in-situ continuous cropping obstacle soil heat treatment and repair vehicle, which is intended to quickly and efficiently perform in-situ repairs, adapt to various working conditions and improve production efficiency.

[0004] The in-situ continuous cropping obstacle soil rapid repair vehicle of the present invention comprises a soil collection and transmission mechanism, an air distribution mechanism, a combustion furnace, a pulverizer, a water vapor recovery mechanism, and a traveling mechanism; the soil collection and transmission mechanism is installed at the front end of the traveling mechanism through a bracket, the combustion furnace, the air distribution mechanism, and the water vapor recovery mechanism are installed above the traveling mechanism, and the pulverizer is arranged on the top of the combustion furnace; The combustion furnace comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, the inner chamber of the inner shell is a combustion chamber, a partition net and one or more resistance wire layers are arranged in the combustion chamber, the chamber between the outer shell and the inner shell is an insulation chamber, the outer shell is provided with an air inlet for the combustion furnace, a screening outlet, a fuel adding port and connected to the combustion chamber, the inner shell is provided with a smoke outlet I and connected to the insulation chamber, the outer shell is provided with a smoke outlet II, the smoke outlet II is connected to a water vapor recovery mechanism through a pipeline, the top of the outer shell is provided with a material inlet for the combustion furnace and connected to the combustion chamber, the material outlet of the pulverizer is connected to the material inlet of the combustion furnace, and the bottom of the combustion furnace is provided with an outlet; The soil collection and transmission mechanism includes a coulter bucket, a conveyor belt II, and a conveyor belt I. The coulter bucket is arranged at the front end of the conveyor belt I, the rear end of the conveyor belt I is located above the feed port of the crusher, the conveyor belt II is fixed to one side of the combustion furnace through a bracket, one end of the conveyor belt II passes through the screening outlet and is arranged below the material inlet of the combustion furnace, and the other end of the conveyor belt II extends to the top of the conveyor belt I and a baffle is arranged on one side; The water vapor recovery mechanism includes a shell, which is divided into a condensation recovery chamber and a purification chamber. A condensation recovery pipe is arranged in the condensation recovery chamber, and the condensation recovery pipe is a serpentine curved pipe. The bottom of the condensation recovery chamber is connected with the bottom of the purification chamber, and the bottom of the condensation recovery chamber is connected with the condensate water outlet. A plurality of baffles are alternately and asymmetrically arranged in the purification chamber, and adsorbents are placed between the baffles; a flue gas inlet is opened on one side of the top of the condensation recovery chamber, and a flue gas outlet III is opened on the top of the purification chamber.

[0005] The device also includes a power source and a PLC controller. The power source is connected to the walking mechanism, the crusher, the air distribution mechanism, and the resistance wire layer through the PLC controller, and conventional control methods are used to control the switches of other components.

[0006] The traveling mechanism is a crawler-type traveling mechanism, and the conveyor belt II is a hollow conveyor belt, and the diameter of the holes on the conveyor belt is 6-9 cm.

[0007] The air distribution mechanism is a blower, the outlet of the blower is connected to the jet pipe arranged in the air inlet of the combustion furnace, and the jet pipe forms an angle of 0-30° with the horizontal plane; a roller is arranged between the plow bucket and the conveyor belt I.

[0008] When the above device is used, the soil and organic matter to be repaired are collected by the plow blade bucket and then conveyed to the crusher through conveyor belt I for crushing. The crushed soil falls to conveyor belt II, and the small particle mixture enters the combustion chamber. The large particle mixture is sent back to conveyor belt I by conveyor belt II and enters the crusher for crushing again. Conveyor belt II plays a screening role. The crushed matter entering the combustion chamber falls on the partition net to realize layered combustion. When it is necessary to add organic materials, biomass fuel is added through the fuel addition port to assist combustion. The organic materials in the combustion chamber are ignited to assist in providing heat source. After the heat treatment is completed, the soil is discharged to the ground through the bottom outlet of the combustion furnace. The gas generated by the combustion enters the insulation chamber from the flue gas outlet I, and then enters the water vapor recovery mechanism from the flue gas outlet II. The flue gas recovers water from the condensation recovery pipe in the water vapor recovery mechanism from top to bottom. The condensed water is discharged from the condensation water outlet and reused to replenish water in the field soil. When the flue gas reaches the bottom, it enters the purification chamber (purified by the adsorbent therein, including a variety of gas catalytic purification materials including porous biochar) and is discharged from the flue gas outlet III.

[0009] Organic wastes were added as heat sources during the pyrolysis process, including livestock and poultry manure, wheat straw, rice husk charcoal, rubber wood charcoal and tobacco straw charcoal.

[0010] Advantages and technical effects of the present invention: This equipment has the characteristics of strong environmental adaptability and in-situ repair; the equipment of the present invention has high efficiency and good repair effect, and makes full use of various repair factors such as biochar and temperature; it can effectively treat the content of pathogenic microorganisms and self-toxic substances in the soil of continuous cropping obstacles; the device is equipped with an air distribution mechanism to further improve the repair efficiency; the combustion furnace adopts a double-layer structure, which can effectively retain the pyrolysis temperature, save energy consumption, and achieve high-temperature rapid soil disinfection; the present invention uses a water vapor recovery mechanism to recycle water and minimize the amount of supplementary water; the heating method of heating the material by resistive heating to ensure the structural stability, mechanical strength, mobility and other characteristics of the pyrolysis device, agricultural waste is efficiently converted, the environmental burden is reduced, and waste resource utilization can be realized; in-situ treatment can directly repair the soil of continuous cropping obstacles in the farmland, saving transportation costs. By reducing the economic losses caused by continuous cropping obstacles, increasing crop yield and quality, bringing direct economic benefits to farmers, and having a positive impact on social food security and sustainable agricultural development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveyor belt I of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of conveyor belt I and conveyor belt II; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the combustion furnace structure; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the combustion furnace structure; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the combustion furnace structure; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of conveyor belt II and combustion furnace; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water vapor recovery mechanism; In the figure: 1-travel mechanism, 2-blower, 3-power supply, 4-combustion chamber, 5-resistance wire layer, 6-baffle, 7-screen, 8-smoke outlet I, 9-insulation chamber, 10-condensate outlet, 11-bracket, 12-condensate recovery pipe, 13-smoke outlet II, 14-smoke outlet III, 15-crusher, 16-conveyor belt II, 17-conveyor belt I, 18-coulter bucket, 19-combustion furnace, 20-smoke inlet, 21-combustion furnace air inlet, 22-screen outlet, 23-combustion furnace material inlet, 24-purification chamber, 25-roller, 26-exhaust fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present invention is further explained by examples below, but these examples do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The methods in the examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents used are conventional commercial reagents or reagents prepared according to conventional methods unless otherwise specified; Example 1: Figure 1-8 As shown, the in-situ continuous cropping obstacle soil rapid repair vehicle includes a soil collection and transmission mechanism, an air distribution mechanism, a combustion furnace 19, a crusher 15, a water vapor recovery mechanism, and a walking mechanism 1; the soil collection and transmission mechanism is installed at the front end of the walking mechanism 1 through a bracket, the combustion furnace 19, the air distribution mechanism, and the water vapor recovery mechanism are installed above the walking mechanism 1, the crusher 15 is arranged on the top of the combustion furnace 19, the air distribution mechanism is a blower 2, and the power source is a power supply 3; The combustion furnace 19 comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, wherein the inner chamber of the inner shell is a combustion chamber 4, wherein a partition net 7 and two or more resistance wire layers 5 are arranged in the combustion chamber 4, wherein the chamber between the outer shell and the inner shell is an insulation chamber 9, wherein an air inlet 21, a screening outlet 22 and a fuel adding port of the combustion furnace are provided on the outer shell and are connected to the combustion chamber, a smoke outlet Ⅰ8 is provided on the inner shell and is connected to the insulation chamber 9, a smoke outlet Ⅱ13 is provided on the outer shell, and the smoke outlet Ⅱ13 is connected to a water vapor recovery mechanism through a pipeline, a combustion furnace material inlet 23 is provided on the top of the outer shell and is connected to the combustion chamber, a material outlet of the pulverizer 15 is connected to the combustion furnace material inlet 23, and an outlet is provided at the bottom of the combustion furnace 19; The soil collection and conveying mechanism includes a coulter bucket 18, a conveyor belt II 16, and a conveyor belt I 17. The coulter bucket 18 is arranged at the front end of the conveyor belt I 17. A roller 25 is arranged between the coulter bucket and the conveyor belt I. The rear end of the conveyor belt I 17 is located above the feed port of the crusher 15. The conveyor belt II 16 is fixed to one side of the combustion furnace 19 through a bracket 11. One end of the conveyor belt II 16 passes through the screening outlet and is arranged below the material inlet 23 of the combustion furnace. The other end of the conveyor belt II 16 extends to the top of the conveyor belt I 17 and a baffle 6 is arranged on one side. The walking mechanism is a crawler walking mechanism. The conveyor belt II 16 is a hollow conveyor belt with a hole diameter of 8 cm. The water vapor recovery mechanism includes a shell, which is divided into a condensation recovery chamber and a purification chamber. A condensation recovery pipe 12 is arranged in the condensation recovery chamber, and the condensation recovery pipe is a serpentine curved pipe. The bottom of the condensation recovery chamber is connected with the bottom of the purification chamber, and the bottom of the condensation recovery chamber is connected with the condensate outlet 10. A plurality of baffles are alternately and asymmetrically arranged in the purification chamber, and adsorbents are placed between the baffles; a flue gas inlet 20 is opened on one side of the top of the condensation recovery chamber, and a flue gas outlet III14 is opened on the top of the purification chamber.

[0013] When the above device is used, the soil to be repaired and the organic matter in the soil are collected by the plow bucket 18 and then conveyed to the crusher 15 through the conveyor belt I17 for crushing. The crushed soil falls to the conveyor belt II16. The conveyor belt II has a screening function. The small particle mixture enters the combustion chamber 4, and the large particle mixture is sent from the conveyor belt II16 to the conveyor belt I17 and enters the crusher for crushing again; the crushed material entering the combustion chamber 4 falls on the partition 7, and the resistance wire layer 5 is heated and the crushed material is heated in combination with the air distribution of the blower to achieve layered combustion at 500°C. When it is necessary to add organic materials, biomass is added through the fuel addition port. The fuel assists combustion, and the organic materials in the combustion chamber are ignited to provide a heat source. After the combustion is completed, the combustion products are discharged to the ground of the field through the bottom outlet of the combustion furnace. The gas generated by the combustion enters the insulation chamber 9 from the flue gas outlet Ⅰ8 under the action of the exhaust fan 26, and then enters the condensation recovery chamber of the water vapor recovery mechanism from the flue gas outlet Ⅱ13. The flue gas passes through the condensation recovery pipe 12 from top to bottom to condense and recover the water in the flue gas. The condensed water is discharged from the condensation water outlet 10 and reused in the field soil. When the flue gas reaches the bottom, it enters the purification chamber 24, is purified under the action of the adsorbent (granular activated carbon) in the purification chamber, and is discharged from the flue gas outlet Ⅲ14; According to the test, the VOCs concentration of the flue gas entering the water vapor recovery mechanism is 30.2 mg / m 3 The VOCs concentration of the flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet Ⅲ14 is 1.58 mg / m 3 .

[0014] Embodiment 2: The device structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that it also includes a PLC controller. The power source is connected to the walking mechanism, the crusher, the air distribution mechanism, and the resistance wire layer through the controller. The smoke emission detection adopts a portable large-flow automatic tester. The blower outlet is connected to the jet pipe arranged in the air inlet 21 of the combustion furnace. The jet pipe is at an angle of 25° to the horizontal plane. The angle of the jet pipe is adjustable. The purpose is to control the formation of the air duct in the furnace and the direction and strength of the air duct to avoid the smoke from leaking from non-target outlets. The direction can control the flow direction and outlet of the smoke. When the jet pipe is facing the smoke, the smoke will be discharged. When the air outlet Ⅰ8 blows at an angle of 25°, it cooperates with the exhaust fan 26 to form a flue gas flow in the furnace, and can control the positive pressure in the furnace and the local negative pressure environment at the flue gas outlet. When only the exhaust fan 26 is turned off, a positive pressure environment is formed in the furnace, which can be used for cleaning the furnace during shutdown; when only the blower 26 is turned off, a negative pressure environment is formed in the furnace, which can be used to guide the exhaust of the flue gas in the furnace; when the combustion in the furnace is not complete and the excess air coefficient is low, the angle of the jet pipe can be adjusted and the blower speed can be reduced at the same time to make more air blow directly into the furnace. The lower wind speed can avoid damaging the air duct. At this time, the air duct is mainly guided by the exhaust fan. During normal operation (that is, the blower and the exhaust fan are turned on at the same time), when the blower supplies air and the exhaust fan draws air and the air path and air duct are unobstructed, the hot flue gas with high temperature and lighter than air flows into the flue gas outlet Ⅰ, and will not leak from the bottom outlet of the combustion furnace; the adsorbent used in this embodiment is granular activated carbon; The method of using the device in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1. After testing, the VOCs concentration of the flue gas entering the water vapor recovery mechanism is 31.2 mg / m 3 The VOCs concentration of the flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet Ⅲ14 is 1.61 mg / m 3 .

[0015] This inter-seat barrier soil remediation vehicle can be used with a variety of vehicles. It has wide applicability and can also choose environmentally friendly power sources according to local conditions to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution. At the same time, the vehicle adopts a modular and lightweight design to reduce the vehicle's own weight and improve energy utilization efficiency. The required modules can be selected according to specific application requirements. Organic waste is added as a heat source during the pyrolysis process to achieve waste treatment, saving energy while providing a way out for rural waste treatment and disposal. Compared with other remediation methods, it is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

Claims

1. A rapid soil repair vehicle for in-situ continuous cropping obstacles, characterized by: It comprises a soil collection and transmission mechanism, an air distribution mechanism, a combustion furnace (19), a pulverizer (15), a water vapor recovery mechanism, and a traveling mechanism (1); the soil collection and transmission mechanism is installed at the front end of the traveling mechanism (1) through a bracket, the combustion furnace (19), the air distribution mechanism, and the water vapor recovery mechanism are installed above the traveling mechanism (1), and the pulverizer (15) is arranged on the top of the combustion furnace (19); The combustion furnace (19) comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, wherein the inner chamber of the inner shell is a combustion chamber (4), wherein a partition net (7) and one or more resistance wire layers (5) are arranged in the combustion chamber (4), wherein the chamber between the outer shell and the inner shell is an insulation chamber (9), wherein the outer shell is provided with an air inlet (21), a screening outlet (22), and a fuel adding port which are connected to the combustion chamber, wherein the outer shell is provided with a smoke outlet I (8) which is connected to the insulation chamber (9), wherein the outer shell is provided with a smoke outlet II (13), wherein the smoke outlet II (13) is connected to a water vapor recovery mechanism through a pipeline, wherein a material inlet (23) of the combustion furnace is provided at the top of the outer shell and is connected to the combustion chamber, wherein a material outlet of a pulverizer (15) is connected to the material inlet (23) of the combustion furnace, and wherein an outlet is provided at the bottom of the combustion furnace (19); The soil collection and conveying mechanism comprises a plowshare bucket (18), a conveyor belt II (16), and a conveyor belt I (17); the plowshare bucket (18) is arranged at the front end of the conveyor belt I (17); the rear end of the conveyor belt I (17) is located above the feed port of the pulverizer (15); the conveyor belt II (16) is fixed to one side of the combustion furnace (19) through a bracket; one end of the conveyor belt II (16) passes through the screening outlet and is arranged below the material inlet (23) of the combustion furnace; the other end of the conveyor belt II (16) extends above the conveyor belt I (17) and is provided with a baffle (6) on one side; The water vapor recovery mechanism comprises a shell, which is divided into a condensation recovery chamber and a purification chamber. A condensation recovery pipe is arranged in the condensation recovery chamber, and the condensation recovery pipe is a serpentine curved pipe. The bottom of the condensation recovery chamber is connected to the bottom of the purification chamber, and the bottom of the condensation recovery chamber is connected to the condensate outlet (10). A plurality of baffles are alternately and asymmetrically arranged in the purification chamber, and an adsorbent is placed between the baffles. A flue gas inlet (20) is opened on one side of the top of the condensation recovery chamber, and a flue gas outlet III (14) is opened on the top of the purification chamber.

2. The in-situ continuous cropping obstacle soil rapid repair vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a power source and a controller, wherein the power source is respectively connected with the walking mechanism, the crusher, the air distribution mechanism and the resistance wire layer through the controller.

3. The in-situ continuous cropping obstacle soil rapid repair vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traveling mechanism is a crawler-type traveling mechanism, and the conveyor belt II (16) is a hollow conveyor belt, and the diameter of the holes on the conveyor belt is 6-9 cm.

4. The in-situ continuous cropping obstacle soil rapid repair vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air distribution mechanism is a blower, the outlet of the blower is connected to an air jet pipe arranged in the air inlet (21) of the combustion furnace, and the air jet pipe forms an angle of 0-30° with the horizontal plane.

5. The in-situ continuous cropping obstacle soil rapid repair vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A roller (25) is arranged between the coulter bucket and the conveyor belt I.

6. The in-situ continuous cropping obstacle soil rapid repair vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil and organic matter to be restored are collected by a plowshare bucket (18) and conveyed to a pulverizer (15) via a conveyor belt I (17) for pulverization. The crushed soil falls onto a conveyor belt II (16), and a small-particle mixture enters a combustion chamber (4). A large-particle mixture is sent back to a conveyor belt I (17) by a conveyor belt II (16) and enters the pulverizer for pulverization again. The conveyor belt II (16) plays a screening role. The pulverized matter entering the combustion chamber (4) falls onto a screen (7) for layered combustion. When additional organic material is needed, it is added through a fuel adding port. Biomass fuel is added to assist combustion, and organic materials in the combustion chamber are ignited to provide a heat source. After combustion is completed, the combustion products are discharged to the ground through the bottom outlet of the combustion furnace. The gas generated by the combustion enters the insulation chamber (9) from the flue gas outlet I (8), and then enters the water vapor recovery mechanism from the flue gas outlet II (13). The flue gas passes through the condensation recovery pipe in the water vapor recovery mechanism from top to bottom to recover water. After condensation, the water is discharged from the condensation water outlet (10) and reused in the field. When the flue gas reaches the bottom, it enters the purification chamber (24) and is discharged from the flue gas outlet III (14).

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