Barrel type foundation breakwater with prefabricated walkway plate and wave wall and mounting method of barrel type foundation breakwater

Abstract

The invention discloses a barrel type foundation breakwater with prefabricated walkway plates and wave walls and a mounting method of the barrel type foundation breakwater, and belongs to the technical field of breakwater construction. The barrel type foundation breakwater comprises a barrel body, a caisson, a walkway plate, a wave wall, wave dissipation holes, reserved steel bars and steel structure supporting beams. The bottom of the barrel body is arranged underwater, and the upper end of the barrel body is connected with the caisson; a walkway plate and a wave wall are arranged at the top end of the caisson; wave dissipation holes are formed in the side edge of the caisson; a steel structure supporting beam is arranged at the bottom of the walkway plate; reserved steel bars are arranged on the edge of the wave wall. The prefabricated barrel body and the prefabricated caisson are adopted, the height of the cast-in-place section is determined after elevation rechecking is conducted, then the walkway plate and the upper wave wall are installed, after installation is completed, the reserved steel bars of the caisson, the walkway plate and the reserved steel bars of the wave wall are welded, joints are poured, and then a whole is formed, and operation is easy and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of breakwater construction, and in particular relates to a barrel-type foundation breakwater with prefabricated walkway plates and wave-blocking walls and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Breakwaters are important structures that resist wave attacks, ensure the stability of port waters, and provide a safety barrier for port facilities such as docks. They are usually built in unprotected sea areas, and their structural design needs to take construction convenience into consideration.

[0003] Traditional breakwater design mainly relies on on-site cast concrete or reinforced concrete. This design method has its advantages, such as structural stability and durability. However, its disadvantages are also obvious. On-site construction takes a long time, is costly, and requires a lot of labor. In addition, due to the poor adaptability of concrete or reinforced concrete to the environment, it has certain limitations in environmental conditions for long-term use.

[0004] Although Chinese patent CN210636368U (publication date: July 18, 2019) discloses a hollow barrel-type foundation breakwater structure, which includes a foundation barrel, a hollow wall, a heightened cylinder and a wave-breaking wall; wherein, a plurality of partitions are arranged in the foundation barrel, and the plurality of partitions divide the foundation barrel into a plurality of compartments, the hollow wall includes four wall bodies, the four wall bodies are fixed side by side on the upper surface of the foundation barrel, the heightened cylinder body is fixed at the upper ends of the four wall bodies, the cross-section of the heightened cylinder body is rectangular, and the wave-breaking wall is an integrated structure, and the wave-breaking wall includes a bottom plate and a retaining wall, the bottom plate is fixed on the upper surface of the heightened cylinder body, and the retaining wall is fixed on one side of the upper surface of the bottom plate.

[0005] However, the design of the hollow wall and the connected cylinder in the above technical solution increases the complexity of the structure, and requires high construction accuracy and engineering technology. The design of the partitions and hollow walls makes maintenance and inspection more difficult, especially for the inspection of the internal structure and necessary repair work.

[0006] Although Chinese patent CN212026109U (publication date: November 27, 2020) discloses a new type of combined barrel foundation breakwater structure, it relates to the technical field of barrel foundations, including two barrel foundation structures, each barrel foundation structure includes a lower barrel foundation and an upper embankment body structure, the upper embankment body structure is vertically arranged at one end of the upper surface of the lower barrel foundation, and the two barrel foundation structures are arranged in a "╩" shape. Concrete is poured between the two barrel foundation structures, a embankment road is paved on the top of the two upper embankment body structures, an expansion joint is opened in the middle of the embankment road, a wave-breaking wall is arranged on one side of the embankment road, and an arc groove is opened on the side wall of the wave-breaking wall away from the embankment road.

[0007] However, the “╩”-shaped arrangement and expansion joint setting of the above technical solution increase the difficulty of maintenance and make it difficult to ensure the sealing and durability of the expansion joints. The barrel-type foundation structure jointly bears the upper load, which has high requirements on the bearing capacity of the foundation. Additional reinforcement measures are needed for the foundation, causing construction difficulties.

[0008] In the existing technology, affected by the installation accuracy of the barrel foundation during the installation process, a portion of the top of the breakwater caisson is generally reserved for cast-in-place on the water to achieve the purpose of adjusting the elevation of the breakwater top. However, the reserved cast-in-place section also brings about the problem that the upper walkway plate and the wave-breaking wall are difficult to prefabricate and install. The use of cast-in-place structure will greatly increase the workload of cast-in-place on the water, and the construction is difficult and the construction period is long. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a barrel-type foundation breakwater with prefabricated walkway plates and wave-breaking walls and an installation method thereof.

[0010] A barrel-type foundation breakwater with prefabricated walkway plates and wave-blocking walls, the barrel-type foundation breakwater comprising: a barrel body, a caisson, a walkway plate, a wave-blocking wall, a wave-breaking hole, reserved steel bars, and a steel structure support beam;

[0011] The bottom of the barrel is arranged at the bottom of the water, and the upper end is connected to the caisson;

[0012] A walkway plate and a wave-breaking wall are arranged on the top of the caisson;

[0013] The side of the caisson is provided with a wave-breaking hole;

[0014] A steel structure support beam is arranged at the bottom of the walkway plate;

[0015] Reserved steel bars are arranged at the edge of the wave-blocking wall.

[0016] Furthermore, the breakwater adopts a barrel-type foundation structure, and a single barrel-type foundation structure unit includes a barrel body and a caisson.

[0017] Furthermore, the interior of the barrel body is divided into compartments by partitions, and the caisson is installed at the upper end surface of the middle compartment of the barrel body.

[0018] Furthermore, steel structure support beams are embedded at both ends of the walkway plate, and the steel structure support beams are arranged according to the width of the walkway plate.

[0019] Furthermore, steel structure support beams are embedded at both ends of the wave-breaking wall, and the steel structure support beams are arranged according to the width of the wave-breaking wall.

[0020] Furthermore, the wave-breaking wall is vertical on the outside and has a “)”-shaped arc design on the inside.

[0021] Furthermore, the installation method of the barrel-type foundation breakwater of the prefabricated walkway plate and wave-breaking wall comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step S1: Install the prefabricated barrel and prefabricated caisson, conduct elevation verification, determine the height of the cast-in-place section based on the verified caisson elevation, and prefabricate the walkway slab and wave-breaking wall;

[0023] Step S2: pre-embed the steel structure support beams according to the prefabricated walkway slabs and wave-breaking walls;

[0024] Step S3: After the walkway board and the wave-breaking wall reach the required strength, they are installed on water;

[0025] Step S4: After the installation is completed, the reserved steel bars of the caisson are welded to the reserved steel bars of the walkway slab and the wave-breaking wall in a timely manner, and the nodes are cast to form a whole.

[0026] Furthermore, the caisson is constructed in sections to adjust the elevation of the breakwater top.

[0027] Furthermore, a cast-in-place elevated section is reserved at the top of the caisson to ensure a smooth elevation of the embankment top.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application has the following advantages and effects:

[0029] 1. The patent of this invention aims at the wave resistance, buoyancy and rapid construction requirements of the walkway plate and wave-breaking wall on the top of the barrel-type foundation caisson structure breakwater. By prefabricating and installing the walkway plate and the wave-breaking wall as a whole, setting supports to connect with the prefabricated sections of the caisson, and playing the role of anchoring at the same time, the cast-in-place joints are used between the prefabricated walkway plate and the wave-breaking wall, which can effectively reduce the workload of cast-in-place work on the water, speed up the upper construction speed, improve construction efficiency, reduce the time of construction operations on the water, and ensure the purpose of effective anchoring with the caisson.

[0030] 2. The present invention adopts a prefabricated lower barrel and upper caisson, which can be used for elevation verification to determine the height of the cast-in-place section, and then the walkway plate and the upper wave-breaking wall are installed. After the installation is completed, the reserved steel bars of the caisson can be welded with the reserved steel bars of the walkway plate and the wave-breaking wall, and the nodes are cast to form a whole, which is easy to operate.

[0031] 3. The upper caisson of the present invention is constructed in sections, which can adjust the elevation of the breakwater top; a cast-in-place connecting section is reserved at the top of the upper caisson to meet the requirement of smooth elevation of the breakwater top.

[0032] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application so that it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows.

[0033] Based on the detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application in combination with the accompanying drawings below, those skilled in the art will become more aware of the above and other objects, advantages and features of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the barrel-based breakwater of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the components of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a component of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic elevation diagram of a component of the present invention;

[0039] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. barrel; 2. caisson; 3. walkway plate; 4. wave-breaking wall; 5. wave-breaking hole; 6. reserved steel bars; 7. steel structure support beam. Specific embodiments

[0040] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configuration and components are provided only to help fully understand the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. In addition, for clarity and brevity, the description of known functions and structures is omitted in the embodiment.

[0041] It should be understood that the references to "one embodiment" or "this embodiment" throughout the specification mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics associated with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the references to "one embodiment" or "this embodiment" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0042] In addition, the present application may repeat reference numerals and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0043] The term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time. The term " / and" in this article describes another type of association object relationship, indicating that there can be two relationships. For example, A / and B can mean: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0044] The term "at least one" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, at least one of A and B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0045] It should also be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] This embodiment mainly introduces a barrel-type foundation breakwater with prefabricated walkway slabs and wave-blocking walls, such as Figure 1 As shown, the barrel-type foundation breakwater includes: a barrel body 1, a caisson 2, a walkway plate 3, a wave-blocking wall 4, a wave-breaking hole 5, a reserved steel bar 6, and a steel structure support beam 7;

[0048] The bottom of the barrel 1 is arranged at the bottom of the water, and the upper end is connected to the caisson 2;

[0049] A walkway plate 3 and a wave-breaking wall 4 are arranged on the top of the caisson 2;

[0050] The side of the caisson 2 is provided with a wave-breaking hole 5;

[0051] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, a steel structure support beam 7 is provided at the bottom of the walkway plate 3;

[0052] Reserved steel bars 6 are arranged at the edge of the wave-blocking wall 4 .

[0053] The breakwater adopts a barrel-type foundation structure, and a single barrel-type foundation structure unit includes a barrel body 1 and a caisson 2.

[0054] The interior of the barrel body 1 is divided into compartments by partitions, and the caisson 2 is installed at the upper end surface of the middle compartment of the barrel body 1.

[0055] Steel structure support beams 7 are embedded at both ends of the walkway plate 3 , and the steel structure support beams 7 are arranged according to the width of the walkway plate 3 .

[0056] Steel structure support beams 7 are pre-buried at both ends of the wave-breaking wall 4 , and the steel structure support beams 7 are arranged according to the width of the wave-breaking wall 4 .

[0057] The wave-blocking wall 4 is vertical on the outside and has a “)”-shaped arc design on the inside.

[0058] This embodiment adopts the overall prefabrication and installation of the walkway plate and the wave-breaking wall, which reduces the on-site welding workload and construction costs; reduces the garbage and waste on the construction site, which is beneficial to environmental protection; improves construction efficiency and quality, and at the same time, a steel structure support beam is arranged to connect with the upper caisson prefabricated section to play an anchoring role.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment mainly introduces a barrel-type foundation breakwater with prefabricated walkway plates and wave-blocking walls. Based on the above embodiment, further introduction is given as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the walkway plate 3 and the wave-breaking wall 4 adopt an integrated prefabricated structure;

[0061] A steel structure support beam 7 is arranged at the front end of the wave-blocking wall 4. The wave-blocking wall 4 adopts an external vertical design and an internal arc-shaped groove design. The bottom of the wave-blocking wall 4 expands the contact area with the walkway plate 3 to ensure the stability of the wave-blocking wall 4. Figure 4 As shown;

[0062] The walkway plate 3 is fixedly arranged on the top of the caisson 2 , and an I-beam structure is arranged inside the walkway plate 3 to ensure the overall strength of the walkway plate 3 .

[0063] The integrated prefabrication of the walkway board and the upper wave-breaking wall of this embodiment reduces the workload of on-site construction and improves construction efficiency. At the same time, this structure also ensures the integrity and stability of the structure and reduces the difficulty of later maintenance. The upper wave-breaking wall adopts an external vertical design and an internal arc-shaped groove design, which not only has a beautiful appearance, but also enhances the wind and wave resistance of the wave-breaking wall. A steel structure support beam is arranged at the front end, which further enhances the stability of the upper wave-breaking wall and improves its adaptability in harsh environments.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] This embodiment mainly introduces a method for installing a barrel-type foundation breakwater with a prefabricated walkway plate and a wave-blocking wall, which is further introduced based on the above embodiment and includes the following steps:

[0066] Step S1: Install the prefabricated barrel 1 and caisson 2, conduct elevation verification, determine the height of the cast-in-place section based on the verified caisson elevation, and prefabricate the walkway slab 3 and wave-breaking wall 4;

[0067] Step S2: Pre-embed support beams based on the prefabricated products of the walkway slab 3 and the wave-breaking wall 4, such as Figure 2 As shown;

[0068] Step S3: After the walkway board 3 and the wave-breaking wall 4 reach the required strength, they are installed on water;

[0069] Step S4: After the installation is completed, the reserved steel bars 6 of the caisson are welded to the walkway slab 3 and the reserved steel bars 6 of the wave-breaking wall in a timely manner, and the nodes are cast to form a whole.

[0070] Furthermore, the caisson 2 is constructed in sections to adjust the elevation of the breakwater top.

[0071] Furthermore, a cast-in-place height-connecting section is reserved on the top of the caisson 2 to ensure a smooth elevation of the embankment top.

[0072] This embodiment uses a prefabricated lower barrel and upper caisson, which can be used to check the elevation and determine the height of the cast-in-place section before installing the walkway slab and the upper wave-breaking wall. After the installation is completed, the reserved steel bars of the caisson can be welded to the reserved steel bars of the walkway slab and the wave-breaking wall, and the nodes can be cast to form a whole, which is easy to operate.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] This embodiment mainly introduces the specific implementation of a barrel-type foundation breakwater with a prefabricated walkway plate and a wave-blocking wall, and further introduces it based on the above embodiment;

[0075] The design points and construction process of a 7500m offshore breakwater as an example;

[0076] The breakwater is composed of multiple groups of barrel-type basic structural units arranged in an array. The main dimensions of the lower barrel are 40m×20m×14(12)m. The barrel is divided into 15 compartments by partitions. The upper caisson is 7.2m wide and 20.0m high. Three compartments are divided according to the partition wall of the lower barrel. To facilitate the adjustment of the breakwater top elevation, the upper caisson is constructed in sections, and a 2m high cast-in-place joint is reserved for the water. A 2.5m high wave-blocking wall is set on the harbor side of the breakwater top. To facilitate inspection, a 2m wide walkway board is set on the breakwater top.

[0077] The walkway plate and the wave-breaking wall are integrally prefabricated, and steel structure support beams are embedded at both ends. The steel structure support beams are provided with multiple supports according to the width of the walkway plate and the wave-breaking wall to ensure stable installation, and the strength of the support beams meets the requirements of the structural weight;

[0078] Before the construction, the installation elevation of the prefabricated barrel is first checked, and the height of the cast-in-place section is determined based on the checked caisson elevation. Then the walkway slab and the wave-breaking wall are prefabricated in the prefabrication factory, and embedded support beams are made. After reaching the required strength, the water installation is organized. After the installation is completed, the reserved steel bars of the caisson are welded to the reserved steel bars of the walkway slab and the wave-breaking wall in time, and the nodes are cast to form a whole.

[0079] The upper caisson of the present invention is constructed in sections, and the elevation of the breakwater top can be adjusted; a cast-in-place connecting height section is reserved on the top of the upper caisson, which can meet the requirement of smooth elevation of the breakwater top, and at the same time, a prefabricated lower barrel and upper caisson are used to verify the elevation, determine the height of the cast-in-place section, and then install the walkway plate and the upper wave-breaking wall. After the installation is completed, the reserved steel bars of the caisson can be welded to the reserved steel bars of the walkway plate and the wave-breaking wall, and the nodes are cast to form a whole, which is easy to operate.

[0080] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be modified and varied in various ways. Within the spirit and principle of the present invention, any change, modification, replacement, integration and parameter change of these embodiments by conventional substitution or capable of achieving the same function without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A barrel-type foundation breakwater with prefabricated walkway slabs and wave-breaking walls, characterized in that: The barrel-type foundation breakwater comprises: a barrel body (1), a caisson (2), a walkway plate (3), a wave-blocking wall (4), a wave-breaking hole (5), reserved steel bars (6), and a steel structure support beam (7); The bottom of the barrel (1) is arranged at the bottom of the water, and the upper end is connected to the caisson (2); A walkway plate (3) and a wave-breaking wall (4) are arranged on the top of the caisson (2); The caisson (2) has a wave-breaking hole (5) on the side thereof; A steel structure support beam (7) is provided at the bottom of the walkway plate (3); Reserved steel bars (6) are arranged at the edge of the wave-blocking wall (4).

2. A barrel-type foundation breakwater with prefabricated walkway slabs and wave-blocking walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breakwater adopts a barrel-type foundation structure, and a single barrel-type foundation structure unit comprises a barrel body (1) and a caisson (2).

3. The barrel-type foundation breakwater of prefabricated walkway slab and wave-blocking wall according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The interior of the barrel body (1) is divided into compartments by partitions, and the caisson (2) is installed on the upper end surface of the middle compartment of the barrel body (1).

4. The barrel-type foundation breakwater of prefabricated walkway slab and wave-breaking wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: Steel structure support beams (7) are pre-buried at both ends of the walkway plate (3), and the steel structure support beams (7) are arranged according to the width of the walkway plate (3).

5. The barrel-type foundation breakwater of prefabricated walkway slab and wave-breaking wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: Steel structure support beams (7) are pre-buried at both ends of the wave-breaking wall (4), and the steel structure support beams (7) are arranged according to the width of the wave-breaking wall (4).

6. The barrel-type foundation breakwater of prefabricated walkway slab and wave-breaking wall according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wave-blocking wall (4) is vertical on the outside and has a "")"-shaped arc design on the inside.

7. A method for installing a barrel-type foundation breakwater of a prefabricated walkway plate and a wave-breaking wall according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Install the prefabricated barrel (1) and the prefabricated caisson (2), conduct elevation verification, determine the height of the cast-in-place section based on the verified caisson elevation, and prefabricate the walkway slab (3) and the wave-blocking wall (4); Step S2: pre-embed the steel structure support beam (7) according to the prefabricated products of the walkway plate (3) and the wave-breaking wall (4); Step S3: After the walkway plate (3) and the wave-breaking wall (4) have reached sufficient strength, they are installed on water; Step S4: After the installation is completed, the reserved steel bars (6) of the caisson are welded to the walkway plate (3) and the reserved steel bars (6) of the wave-breaking wall in a timely manner, and the nodes are cast to form a whole.

8. The installation method of a barrel-type foundation breakwater of a prefabricated walkway plate and a wave-breaking wall according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The caisson (2) is constructed in sections and is used to adjust the elevation of the breakwater top.

9. The installation method of a barrel-type foundation breakwater of a prefabricated walkway plate and a wave-breaking wall according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cast-in-place high-rise section is reserved on the top of the caisson (2) to ensure a smooth elevation of the embankment top.

Images