Sensorless gear shifting executing mechanism, gearbox and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a sensorless gear shifting executing mechanism, a gearbox and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of gear shifting executing mechanisms, the sensorless gear shifting executing mechanism comprises a gear shifting mechanism, the gear shifting mechanism comprises a first driving device, a gear shifting poking finger and a limiting structure, the limiting structure is fixedly arranged relative to the gear shifting poking finger, and the gear shifting poking finger is driven by the first driving device; the gear shifting finger and the limiting structure move between a first limit position and a second limit position; the limiting mechanism comprises a second driving device and a matching structure, and the matching structure is driven by the second driving device to move between a third limit position and a fourth limit position; the shift finger is prevented from directly moving from the first limit position to the second limit position or from the second limit position to the first limit position. The limiting mechanism is arranged, a sensor is omitted, the limiting mechanism can be used for locking the gear shifting action of the gear shifting mechanism, the machining difficulty is lowered, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gear shift actuators, and in particular to a sensorless gear shift actuator, a gearbox and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The existing electric shift and selection actuator realizes shifting and selecting through the shift and selection motor, but needs to set at least one sensor to sense the position of the shift finger and set a locking mechanism to lock the shift actuator in the corresponding gear or neutral. However, the above technical solution has corresponding problems. First, the sensor generally adopts a Hall sensor, which is relatively expensive, and the sensor failure rate increases significantly with the increase of use time; secondly, the setting of the locking mechanism needs to occupy a certain space, and is set in the gearbox housing, which is difficult to process and has low processing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sensorless shift actuator, a gearbox and a vehicle. By setting a limiting mechanism, the sensor is eliminated and the limiting mechanism can be used to lock the shift action of the shift mechanism, thereby reducing the processing difficulty and improving the processing efficiency.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical scheme.

[0005] A sensorless shift actuator comprises: a shift mechanism, wherein the shift mechanism comprises a first drive device, a shift finger, and a limiting structure fixedly arranged relative to the shift finger, wherein the shift finger and the limiting structure move between a first limit position and a second limit position under the drive of the first drive device; a limiting mechanism, wherein the limiting mechanism comprises a second drive device and a matching structure, wherein the matching structure moves between a third limit position and a fourth limit position under the drive of the second drive device, and a first connecting line between the first limit position and the second limit position is perpendicular to a second connecting line between the third limit position and the fourth limit position; and the matching structure is adapted to the limiting structure to prevent the shift finger from moving directly from the first limit position to the second limit position or from the second limit position to the first limit position.

[0006] Furthermore, the limiting structure is a first protrusion; the matching structure is provided with a second protrusion and a third protrusion, and the second protrusion and the third protrusion have a first width between their projections in the direction of the first connecting line, and the first width is greater than the projection length of the first protrusion in the direction of the first connecting line; the projections of the second protrusion and the third protrusion in the direction of the second connecting line have a non-overlapping area.

[0007] Furthermore, a resistance locking mechanism is provided on the second protrusion and / or the third protrusion, and a mating portion that cooperates with the resistance locking mechanism is provided on the first protrusion; when the mating structure moves from the third extreme position or the fourth extreme position toward the other side, and the projection of the first protrusion on the second connecting line overlaps with the projection of the second protrusion and the third protrusion on the second connecting line, the mating portion is temporarily locked with the resistance locking mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the resistance locking mechanism is a spring, and a spring mounting seat is provided on the second protrusion and / or the third protrusion, and the spring is fixed on the spring mounting seat.

[0009] Furthermore, the spring sheet has an abutting end, and the matching portion is a groove.

[0010] Further, when the matching structure is in the third extreme position or the fourth extreme position and the first protrusion abuts against the second protrusion or the third protrusion, the first protrusion is not in contact with the resistance locking mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the shift finger and the limiting structure are fixed on the same guide block; the first driving device is threadedly connected to the guide block via a screw rod, and the guide block moves along the first connecting line direction and is non-rotatably connected relative to each other; the second driving device is threadedly connected to the matching structure via a screw rod, and the matching structure moves along the second connecting line direction and is non-rotatably connected relative to each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the shift finger and the limiting structure are fixed on the same guide block; the guide block is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first driving device; and the matching structure is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second driving device.

[0013] Another aspect of the present invention provides a gearbox, which adopts the above-mentioned gear shift actuator.

[0014] Another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, wherein the vehicle adopts the above-mentioned shift actuator or the above-mentioned gearbox.

[0015] The sensorless shift actuator, gearbox and vehicle provided by the present invention have the following beneficial technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0016] (1) The present invention controls the movement trajectory of the shift finger only by setting a limit structure, eliminates the sensor, and the limit mechanism can be used to lock the shift action of the shift mechanism, thereby reducing the processing difficulty and improving the processing efficiency.

[0017] (2) By trimming the edges and corners of the first protrusion, the second protrusion, and the third protrusion, the smoothness of the operation of the limiting structure in the matching structure is improved.

[0018] (3) Two resistance locking mechanisms are provided and it is defined that when the matching structure is in the third extreme position or the fourth extreme position and the first protrusion abuts against the second protrusion or the third protrusion, the first protrusion is not in contact with the resistance locking mechanism. The simple structural design facilitates the N gear locking control without a sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gear shift actuator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gear shift mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a restriction mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the principle of the gear shifting process provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another gear shift actuator structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a gear shift actuator with a resistance locking mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 A diagram showing the relationship between current and time during N gear lock control provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another gear shift actuator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure numerals: 1, shift mechanism; 10, first drive device; 11, shift finger; 12, limit structure; 120, first protrusion; 13, guide block; 2, limit mechanism; 20, second drive device; 21, matching structure; 210, second protrusion; 211, third protrusion; 212, resistance locking mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] The embodiment of the present invention provides a sensorless shift actuator, such as Figure 1-4As shown, it includes: a shift mechanism 1, the shift mechanism 1 includes a first driving device 10, a shift finger 11 and a limiting structure 12 fixedly arranged relatively to the shift finger 11, under the drive of the first driving device 10, the shift finger 11 and the limiting structure 12 move between a first extreme position P1 and a second extreme position P2; a limiting mechanism 2, the limiting mechanism 2 includes a second driving device 20 and a matching structure 21, the matching structure 21 moves between a third extreme position P3 and a fourth extreme position P4 under the drive of the second driving device 20, a first connecting line L1 between the first extreme position P1 and the second extreme position P2 is perpendicular to a second connecting line L2 between the third extreme position P3 and the fourth extreme position P4; the matching structure 21 is adapted to the limiting structure 12 to prevent the shift finger 11 from directly moving from the first extreme position P1 to the second extreme position P2 or from the second extreme position P2 to the first extreme position P1. The present invention realizes the control of the movement trajectory of the shift finger only by setting a limit structure, eliminates the sensor and the limit mechanism can be used to lock the shift action of the shift mechanism, thereby reducing the processing difficulty and improving the processing efficiency.

[0035] Specifically, Figure 1-4 As shown, the limiting structure in this embodiment is a protruding rod-shaped structure, and the matching structure is a structure with two protrusions forming a certain passage. When the limiting structure 12 reciprocates between P1 and P2, the matching structure 21 is used to limit the limiting structure 12 to prevent it from directly moving from the first limit position P1 or the second limit position P2 to the second limit position P2 or the first limit position P1. Preferably, the first limit position P1, the second limit position P2, the third limit position P3 and the fourth limit position P4 are formed by the shift actuator or the gearbox housing limiting the limiting structure 12 or the matching structure 21, and can also be formed by setting corresponding limiting protrusions on the housing to limit the two. The first limit position P1 and the second limit position P2 can also be obtained without being limited by the housing. Since the shift actuator is in the process of shifting, after the gear is successfully engaged, the shift actuator cannot continue to push the shift finger 11 to continue to move in the gear engagement direction, thereby resulting in the limiting forming the third limit position P3 or the fourth limit position P4.

[0036] It should be noted that the limiting structure 12 and the matching structure 21 can be set based on actual needs, as long as they can meet the requirements of blocking the shift finger 11 from the first limit position P1 to the second limit position P2 or from the second limit position P2 to the first limit position P1. As a preferred embodiment, Figure 4As shown, the limiting structure 12 is a first protrusion 120; the matching structure 21 is provided with a second protrusion 210 and a third protrusion 211, and the second protrusion 210 and the third protrusion 211 have a first width W1 between their projections in the direction of the first line L1, and the first width W1 is greater than the projection length W2 of the first protrusion 120 in the direction of the first line L1; the projections of the second protrusion 210 and the third protrusion 211 in the direction of the second line L2 have a non-overlapping area. This embodiment provides a specific configuration, and the above-mentioned structure and size limitations can ensure that the shift finger 11 avoids direct mutual contact between the first extreme position and the second extreme position when moving between the first extreme position and the second extreme position. For the convenience of explanation, the limiting structure 12 in the embodiment of the present invention is a rod-shaped structure with a rectangular cross-section, and the matching structure 21 is a second protrusion and a third protrusion with a rectangular cross-section. The cross-section of the above-mentioned structure can be other shapes, preferably, such as Figure 5 As shown, the edges of the first protrusion 120, the second protrusion 210 and the third protrusion 211 facing the direction of movement are trimmed, and the angle α between the trimming angle and the direction of movement is less than 30°. By trimming the edges, the smoothness of the movement of the limiting structure 12 in the matching structure is improved.

[0037] The above technical solution can realize the limit and lock of the shift finger during the shift process, but it cannot be locked when in neutral. The technical solution of the present application is aimed at a sensorless shift actuator. Based on the above considerations, the embodiment of the present invention provides another preferred implementation. Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the second protrusion 210 and / or the third protrusion 211 are provided with a resistance locking mechanism 212, and the first protrusion 120 is provided with a matching portion that matches the resistance locking mechanism 212; when the matching structure 21 moves from the third extreme position or the fourth extreme position toward the other side, when the projection of the first protrusion 120 on the second connecting line L2 overlaps with the projection of the second protrusion 210 and the third protrusion 211 on the second connecting line L2, the matching portion is temporarily locked with the resistance locking mechanism 212. The above method realizes the temporary locking of the limiting structure 12 in the N gear position. Figure 6 In the embodiment, the second protrusion 210 and the third protrusion 211 are both provided with a resistance locking mechanism 212. It should be noted that the matching portion in this embodiment is the locking of the first protrusion 120 and the resistance locking mechanism 212, which can be a plane or other shapes, and is not limited in this preferred embodiment.

[0038] Specifically, the resistance locking mechanism is a spring, and a spring mounting seat is provided on the second protrusion and / or the third protrusion, and the spring is fixed on the spring mounting seat. Figure 6As shown, the leaf spring is an obtuse triangle, wherein the obtuse angle is used for elastic support and locking with the first protrusion 120. Preferably, when the first protrusion 120 abuts against the resistance locking mechanism, the leaf spring is received in the leaf spring mounting seat, and the adoption of this technical solution prevents the resistance locking mechanism from exerting pressure on the first protrusion 120, so that the first protrusion 120 deviates to the left, and the matching structure 21 moves upward under the drive of the second driving device 20, and the left side of the first protrusion 120 abuts against the right tip of the second protrusion 210, causing the second driving device 20 to be blocked.

[0039] Preferably, the spring sheet has an abutting end, the matching portion is a groove, and the abutting end is matched with the groove of the matching portion. Figure 4 The abutting end is an obtuse angle of the triangular spring leaf, and the obtuse angle of the triangular spring leaf is matched with the groove.

[0040] In another preferred embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, when the matching structure 21 is in the third extreme position P3 or the fourth extreme position P4, when the first protrusion 120 abuts against the second protrusion 210 or the third protrusion 211, the first protrusion 120 and the resistance locking mechanism 212 are not in contact. When the first protrusion 120 abuts against the second protrusion 210 or the third protrusion 211, the first protrusion 120 and the resistance locking mechanism 212 are not in contact, mainly considering the N gear. As a preferred embodiment, the second protrusion and the third protrusion are both provided with a resistance locking mechanism 212, which facilitates the locking control of the N gear position, as shown in FIG. Figure 7The principle is as follows: when the first protrusion 120 moves downward relatively, that is, the matching mechanism moves upward under the drive of the second drive device 20, it first gradually passes over the resistance locking mechanism of the third protrusion 211. At this time, the running resistance of the second drive device 20 used to drive the matching structure 21 increases until it reaches a certain value, and the current used to drive the second drive device 20 increases. The signal value can be collected and processed. When the system detects that the driving current of the second drive device 20 increases, the speed of the second drive device 20 is controlled at this time. Preferably, the speed of the second drive device 20 is reduced, and at this time the driving current reaches the first level. The second drive device 20 continues to drive the matching structure 21 to move upward. At this time, the resistance locking mechanism of the second protrusion 210 abuts against the first protrusion 120, and the driving current of the second drive device 20 for driving the matching structure 21 further increases. When the driving current reaches the second platform position and after the preset time, the second drive device is powered off to complete the N gear locking. It should be pointed out that the above preset time is calculated based on the size of the matching mechanism and the movement speed to ensure that the first protrusion 120 is abutted by the resistance locking mechanism 212 set on the second protrusion 210 and the third protrusion 211. When the matching portion is a groove, if the current suddenly decreases, the second drive device 20 can be powered off. It should be clear that the above control method is for the locking control of the N gear position of the shift actuator after the N gear is engaged. When the first gear is directly engaged to the second gear or the second gear is engaged to the first gear, it is not necessary to collect and process the current information of the second drive device 20 to obtain a higher gear engagement speed.

[0041] The shift finger 11 and the limiting structure 12 only need to be relatively fixed. Preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the shift finger 11 and the limit structure 12 are fixed on the same guide block 13; the first drive device 10 is threadedly connected to the guide block 13 through a screw rod, and the guide block 13 moves along the first connection line L1 and is connected so as not to rotate relative to each other; the second drive device 20 is threadedly connected to the matching structure 21 through a screw rod, and the matching structure 21 moves along the second connection line L2 and is connected so as not to rotate relative to each other. However, it should be made clear that the screw rod transmission ratio must be less than 10, otherwise the shift actuator will be damaged.

[0042] Another preferred embodiment, as Figure 8As shown, the shift finger 11 and the limit structure 12 are fixed on the same guide block 13; the guide block 13 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first drive device 10; and the matching structure 21 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second drive device 20. In this embodiment, the first drive device and the second drive device respectively drive the guide block 13 and the matching structure 21 to swing, and the transmission ratio is small, which can achieve fast shifting. Moreover, due to the small transmission ratio, when the first protrusion 120 passes over the resistance locking mechanism 212, the fluctuation range of the current is large, which is beneficial to the subsequent N gear locking control; secondly, when the first protrusion 120 abuts against the second protrusion 210 or the third protrusion 211, it avoids the large transmission ratio and one-way locking, which causes the shift actuator to be damaged; finally, this embodiment is suitable for the field of high-speed and high-precision shifting, and is suitable for gearboxes without synchronizers.

[0043] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a gearbox, which adopts the above-mentioned gear shift actuator.

[0044] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, wherein the vehicle adopts the above-mentioned gearbox or the above-mentioned gear shift actuator.

[0045] Combined with Figure 4 , the gear engaging and locking control principle of the above-mentioned gear shift actuator is explained as follows:

[0046] (1) First gear lock: At this time, the first protrusion 120 is at the far left, the first gear is engaged, the matching structure 21 is at the third extreme position, and the second protrusion 210 abuts against the first protrusion 120 to prevent it from moving to the right and causing the gear to be disengaged.

[0047] (2) Gear unlocking: The second driving device 20 drives the matching structure 21 to move downward to reach the fourth extreme position. At this time, the first protrusion 120 is disengaged from the lock of the second protrusion 210, and the first protrusion 120 moves to the right under the action of the first driving device 10.

[0048] (3) Stroke limitation: The first protrusion 120 is driven by the first driving device to move rightward until it abuts against the third protrusion 211, and then the matching structure 21 is driven by the second driving device to move upward.

[0049] (4) Gear unlocking: When the matching structure 21 runs to the third extreme position, the first protrusion 120 is unlocked.

[0050] (5) Shifting to another gear: The first protrusion 120 continues to move rightward under the drive of the first driving device 10 until the gear is shifted successfully.

[0051] (6) Gear lock: After the gear is successfully engaged, the matching structure 21 moves downward under the drive of the second driving device, and the third protrusion 211 abuts against the first protrusion 120 to lock.

[0052] (7) Reverse the above steps to complete a cycle.

[0053] In the above-mentioned gear shifting process, the movement speed of the matching structure 21 can be set relatively high to achieve fast gear shifting; secondly, when the first protrusion abuts against the second protrusion and the third protrusion, the driving current of the first driving device can be reduced to prevent excessive abutment pressure between the two, which will lead to gear shifting frustration, increased gear shifting time and excessive friction resistance.

[0054] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sensorless shift actuator, characterized in that: include: A shift mechanism, the shift mechanism comprising a first drive device, a shift finger, and a limit structure fixedly arranged relative to the shift finger, wherein the shift finger and the limit structure move between a first limit position and a second limit position under the drive of the first drive device; A limiting mechanism, wherein the limiting mechanism includes a second driving device and a matching structure, wherein the matching structure moves between a third extreme position and a fourth extreme position under the drive of the second driving device, and a first line between the first extreme position and the second extreme position is perpendicular to a second line between the third extreme position and the fourth extreme position; the matching structure is adapted to the limiting structure to prevent the shift finger from moving directly from the first extreme position to the second extreme position or from the second extreme position to the first extreme position.

2. The shift actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting structure is a first protrusion; The matching structure is provided with a second protrusion and a third protrusion, and the projections of the second protrusion and the third protrusion in the first connecting line direction have a first width, and the first width is greater than the projection length of the first protrusion in the first connecting line direction; Projections of the second protrusion and the third protrusion in the second connecting line direction have a non-overlapping area.

3. The shift actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second protrusion and / or the third protrusion is provided with a resistance locking mechanism, and the first protrusion is provided with a matching portion that matches with the resistance locking mechanism; When the mating structure moves from the third extreme position or the fourth extreme position toward the other side and the projection of the first protrusion on the second connecting line overlaps with the projection of the second protrusion and the third protrusion on the second connecting line, the mating portion is temporarily locked with the resistance locking mechanism.

4. The shift actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The resistance locking mechanism is a spring, and a spring mounting seat is provided on the second protrusion and / or the third protrusion, and the spring is fixed on the spring mounting seat.

5. The shift actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spring sheet has an abutting end, and the matching portion is a groove.

6. The shift actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the matching structure is in the third extreme position or the fourth extreme position and the first protrusion is in contact with the second protrusion or the third protrusion, the first protrusion is not in contact with the resistance locking mechanism.

7. The shift actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shift finger and the limiting structure are fixed on the same guide block; The first driving device is threadedly connected to the guide block via a screw rod, and the guide block moves along the first connecting line direction and is non-rotatably connected relative to the guide block; The second driving device is threadedly connected to the matching structure via a screw rod, and the matching structure moves along the second connecting line direction and is connected in a non-rotatable manner.

8. The shift actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shift finger and the limiting structure are fixed on the same guide block; The guide block is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first driving device; The matching structure is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second driving device.

9. A gearbox, characterized in that: The gearbox adopts the shift actuator described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle adopts the shift actuator described in any one of claims 1 to 8 or the gearbox described in claim 9.

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