Method for preparing component-adjustable crude synthesis gas through high-temperature cracking of retired fan blade

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing component-adjustable crude synthesis gas through high-temperature pyrolysis of an out-of-service fan blade. The method comprises the following steps: crushing the out-of-service fan blade, and filtering to obtain blade powder; the blade powder obtained in the step (1) is wrapped in a conductive carbon felt, Joule heat high-temperature treatment is conducted on the conductive carbon felt, the fan blade powder is pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis temperature is 800-2500 DEG C, gas generated by pyrolysis is collected, and crude synthesis gas is obtained and comprises hydrogen, methane, small molecule hydrocarbon gas, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; along with the increase of the pyrolysis temperature, the volume ratio of the carbon monoxide in the crude synthesis gas is increased in a gradient manner. According to the method, the retired fan blade can be efficiently pyrolyzed, the component proportion of the crude synthesis gas can be regulated and controlled, and the yield of the synthesis gas is relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and in particular relates to a method for preparing raw synthesis gas with adjustable components by high-temperature pyrolysis of retired fan blades. Background Art

[0002] Fan blades are generally made from wood-plastic materials, plastics, glass fiber and other structural fillers. After long-term use, they are not only prone to physical damage such as cracks and breaks, but also due to factors such as oxidation and corrosion, the fan blades can no longer be used and can only be retired and recycled.

[0003] In the prior art, retired wind turbine blades can generally be processed and recycled through mechanical methods (such as grinding, crushing and shredding), pyrolysis and chemical / biological methods (such as chemical dissolution or fermentation enzymatic hydrolysis). In the mechanical method, people will first cut the wind turbine blades into small pieces of different shapes and sizes, and then shred them to obtain small-sized fiber particles, and finally recycle these fiber particles and use them as fillers in composite materials such as concrete and polymers. However, these recycled particles do not have excellent mechanical strength, so their scope of use is limited.

[0004] In the chemical / biological method, people will use organic solvents such as acetone and DMF to dissolve and separate under special reactions to obtain high-strength fibers in fan blades. However, this method requires a harsh reaction environment, often involving high temperature and high pressure, high energy consumption, and the process involves more harmful chemical reagents and by-products, and has low environmental friendliness. Therefore, based on the above situation, people generally use pyrolysis methods to recycle fan blades, which are more environmentally friendly, have better recycled product quality, and do not require harsh environments.

[0005] Pyrolysis can convert discarded fan blades into a variety of valuable products, such as petroleum substitutes, fuel oil or gas, for energy production or industrial applications by decomposing them at high temperatures. In addition, the pyrolysis process can also produce high-purity glass fibers and carbon fibers, which can be used to manufacture new composite products. This method not only achieves the reuse of resources and avoids the generation and emission of waste, but also maximizes the recovery of organic matter and significantly reduces CO2 emissions by selecting appropriate treatment temperature and heating time. However, the existing technology uses traditional heating furnaces for pyrolysis, which has a slow heating rate, a long time consumption, and uneven heat distribution, which can easily cause damage to the recycled fibers and a high residual carbon adhesion rate. The quality of the recycled materials needs to be improved.

[0006] The invention patent application with publication number CN116532466A discloses a pyrolysis recovery method and system for wind turbine blades. The method comprises: cutting the wind turbine blades to be recycled into a plurality of blade blocks, each of which is smaller than a first size; crushing each of the blade blocks into blade particles smaller than a second size, wherein the blade particles include balsa wood, PVC and fiber filaments; pyrolyzing the blade particles smaller than the second size under preset conditions to generate pyrolysis gas and a material containing fiber filaments; the preset conditions are that the pyrolysis temperature is 300-400°C, the pyrolysis time is 60-90 minutes, and the oxygen content of the pyrolysis process is less than <15%; crushing the material into material particles smaller than a third size to separate the fiber filaments.

[0007] The invention patent application with publication number CN116532466A discloses "a method and system for pyrolysis recovery of wind turbine blades". This invention patent provides a method for pyrolysis recovery of waste wind turbine blades to generate pyrolysis gas and materials containing fiber filaments, thereby realizing the recycling of wind turbine blades. However, the method disclosed in the above patent still uses a traditional heating furnace for heating, and the heating temperature is low and the time is long, so that the degree of component cracking is not high, and the recovery effect of pyrolysis gas is not ideal. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that the existing technology is mainly aimed at the recovery of glass fibers in wind turbine blades, but often ignores the control of energy consumption and the utilization of cracking gas components after regulation, and there are problems such as complex process operation and low resource utilization efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention provides a method for preparing a crude synthesis gas with adjustable components by high-temperature pyrolysis of retired fan blades. The method can efficiently pyrolyze retired fan blades, can adjust the component ratio of the crude synthesis gas, and has a high synthesis gas yield.

[0009] The present invention provides a method for preparing raw synthesis gas with adjustable components by high-temperature pyrolysis of retired fan blades, comprising:

[0010] (1) crushing and filtering retired fan blades to obtain blade powder;

[0011] (2) wrapping the blade powder of step (1) in a conductive carbon felt, subjecting the conductive carbon felt to a Joule heat high temperature treatment to pyrolyze the fan blade powder, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 800-2500° C., and collecting the gas generated by the pyrolysis to obtain a crude synthesis gas, wherein the crude synthesis gas includes hydrogen, methane, small molecule hydrocarbon gas, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide;

[0012] As the pyrolysis temperature increases, the volume proportion of carbon monoxide in the raw syngas increases gradually.

[0013] The present invention regulates the content of each component in the synthesis gas, especially the carbon monoxide content in the synthesis gas, by controlling the pyrolysis temperature. When the pyrolysis temperature is low, the organic components of the fan blade powder are mainly decomposed. Since the organic components contain more hydrogen elements and less oxygen elements, the contents of hydrogen, methane and small molecular hydrocarbons in the crude synthesis gas are relatively high, while the content of carbon monoxide is relatively low. When the pyrolysis temperature is high, the inorganic components of the fan blade powder undergo thermal decomposition to release a large amount of oxygen, thereby rapidly increasing the content of carbon monoxide in the crude synthesis gas. Therefore, the present invention can achieve regulation of the content of the components of the crude synthesis gas by regulating the pyrolysis temperature, and can obtain a higher yield of crude synthesis gas.

[0014] The present invention uses Joule heat for direct pyrolysis, which can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency, so that the fan blade powder can be heated to a predetermined temperature in a short time and completely burned, the reaction is rapid, the degree of pyrolysis is high, the residual carbon content is small, and a relatively pure solid substance can be obtained. The remaining solid phase material only needs simple carbon removal and acidification to obtain high-quality, high-yield glass fiber.

[0015] Compared with traditional heating furnace pyrolysis, the Joule hot air flow device is used to pyrolyze the conductive carbon felt wrapped with fan blade powder. The conductive carbon felt not only has excellent electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and can effectively transfer heat, but also has high temperature resistance. Even in high temperature environment, it can maintain its physical properties unchanged, ensuring the service life of the material and the stability of its performance.

[0016] Preferably, the pyrolysis temperature t1 is: when 800°C≤t1<1700°C, the volume ratio of hydrogen in the crude synthesis gas is 62%-71%, and the volume ratio of carbon monoxide in the crude synthesis gas is 16%-25%;

[0017] The pyrolysis temperature t2 is: when 1700°C≤t2<2500°C, the volume ratio of hydrogen in the crude synthesis gas is 51%-54%, and the volume ratio of carbon monoxide in the crude synthesis gas is 35%-41%.

[0018] At a suitable pyrolysis temperature, aluminum silicate and aluminum silicate salts in the fan blades are initially decomposed into aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide, releasing oxygen in the inorganic salts. The silicon dioxide reacts with carbon to form silicon carbide and carbon monoxide, resulting in a gradient increase in the carbon monoxide content, thereby achieving the transformation of the raw synthesis gas component that is mainly hydrogen into mainly carbon monoxide.

[0019] Further preferably, when the pyrolysis temperature t2 is 2200°C≤t2<2500°C, the volume ratio of carbon monoxide in the crude synthesis gas is 40%-41%, and the yield of the crude synthesis gas is 38-41.5 mmol / g.

[0020] Preferably, the yield of the crude synthesis gas is 28.2-41.5 mmol / g.

[0021] Preferably, the conductive carbon felt has a resistance of 0.8-1.2Ω, within which the heating efficiency is high.

[0022] Preferably, the conductive carbon felt is subjected to a Joule heat high temperature treatment, comprising:

[0023] The conductive carbon felt is installed in a Joule hot air flow device with a nitrogen atmosphere inside, and then a controllable current is passed through the conductive carbon felt.

[0024] More preferably, the gas flow rate of the nitrogen is 50-100 mL / min.

[0025] If the gas flow rate of the nitrogen atmosphere introduced is small, it will not only be difficult to transfer the synthesis gas produced by Joule pyrolysis to the gas collection bag in a timely manner, but it may even cause it to remain on the glass fiber, resulting in a decrease in the quality of the obtained glass fiber when the solid is recovered; if the gas flow rate is large, the excessive atmosphere flow rate will have a certain impact on the subsequent separation of the synthesis gas, which may result in a decrease in product output or a decrease in quality.

[0026] Further preferably, the method of energizing the conductive carbon felt is constant current discharge, the controllable current is 20-70A, and the energization time is 2.5-30s.

[0027] Further preferably, the Joule thermal air flow device includes a slide, a positive and negative pressure gauge, a vacuum valve, an inlet and outlet valve, a clamp, a enamel clamp, an optical axis fixing locking ring, a fixing ring bracket, a U-shaped bracket, a nylon plug, a stainless steel alligator pliers and Quartz tube, conductive carbon felt wrapped with fan blade powder is located in Inside the quartz tube.

[0028] Preferably, the mass ratio of the blade powder to the conductive carbon felt is 1:2-3:4. By controlling the content of the blade powder, the blade powder can be heated uniformly to achieve the purpose of rapid high-temperature pyrolysis of the blade powder.

[0029] Preferably, the filtering screen is 20-40 mesh.

[0030] Principle of the invention:

[0031] The inventive principle of the present invention is to provide a heat source through Joule thermal current, and program and control the input current of different magnitudes and the power-on time to achieve the control of the pyrolysis temperature.

[0032] As the pyrolysis temperature increases, the organic components in the fan blade powder crack to produce hydrogen, methane, and other small molecular hydrocarbons. Due to insufficient oxygen cracked, the carbon monoxide content is relatively low. When the pyrolysis temperature is further increased, the inorganic components in the fan blade powder react with each other, and the oxygen cracked from the inorganic oxides increases, reacting with the residual carbon to form carbon monoxide, thereby increasing its yield and ratio, thereby achieving regulation of the crude synthesis gas components.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The present invention can achieve a gradient increase in the carbon monoxide content in the crude synthesis gas by controlling the pyrolysis temperature, thereby achieving effective regulation of the component ratio (CO / H2) of the crude synthesis gas and significantly improving the yield of the crude synthesis gas. The present invention adopts Joule heat for pyrolysis, which can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency and reduce the residual carbon content. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 An overall schematic diagram of a device provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Temperature vs. time graphs provided for Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-5;

[0037] Figure 3 A graph of crude synthesis gas component yields provided for Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-5;

[0038] Figure 4 The X-ray diffraction patterns of the solid products provided in Examples 1-4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, the purpose of which is to understand the content of the present invention in detail, rather than to limit the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The experimental reagents, raw materials and instruments designed for the implementation and comparative examples of the present invention are all commonly used ordinary reagents, raw materials and instruments unless otherwise specified.

[0040] The Joule thermal air flow device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes a slide, positive and negative pressure gauges, a vacuum valve, an inlet and outlet valve, a clamp, an enamel clamp, an optical axis fixing locking ring, a fixing ring bracket, a U-shaped bracket, a nylon plug, a stainless steel alligator pliers and Quartz tube, conductive carbon felt wrapped with fan blade powder is located in Inside the quartz tube.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] The method for preparing component-adjustable synthesis gas by electrothermal treatment of retired fan blades of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) Cut the retired fan blades and crush them, then use a filter screen to screen them to 20-40 mesh.

[0044] (2) Take 0.1015 g of fan blade powder, with a mass ratio of 0.4667 to conductive carbon felt, wrap the fan blade powder in conductive carbon felt, the resistance of the carbon felt used is 1.04 Ω, and install it in a Joule hot air flow device in a nitrogen atmosphere with a nitrogen flow rate set to 100 mL / min.

[0045] (3) Connecting both ends of the carbon felt to a programmable DC power supply, with a current of 30 A and a power-on time of 13.5 s. The pyrolysis temperature reaches 1314° C. The gas generated by the pyrolysis is collected to obtain the recovered crude synthesis gas.

[0046] Analyze the test results:

[0047] The crude synthesis gas recovered in this example was subjected to component analysis on a gas chromatograph, and the analysis results are shown in Table 1. The synthesis gas was then transferred to a synthesis gas purification unit in a recovery device for purification and used in the preparation of chemical raw materials.

[0048] Table 1. Raw syngas composition analysis

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] It can be seen from the results that the recovered crude synthesis gas obtained in this example is mainly methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, among which carbon monoxide and hydrogen, two gas components with high energy utilization, account for 87%, the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide is 4.326, and the total yield of crude synthesis gas is 28.2 mmol / g.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] The method for preparing component-adjustable synthesis gas by electrothermal heating of retired fan blades of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0054] (1) Cut the retired fan blades and crush them, then use a filter screen to screen them to 20-40 mesh.

[0055] (2) Take 0.1024 g of fan blade powder, with a mass ratio of 0.4258 to conductive carbon felt, wrap the fan blade powder in conductive carbon felt, the resistance of the carbon felt used is 1.07 Ω, and install it in a Joule hot air flow device in a nitrogen atmosphere with a nitrogen flow rate set to 100 mL / min.

[0056] (3) Connecting both ends of the carbon felt to a programmable DC power supply, with a current of 40 A and a power-on time of 7.5 s. The pyrolysis temperature reaches 1665° C. The gas generated by the pyrolysis is collected to obtain the recovered crude synthesis gas.

[0057] Analyze the test results:

[0058] The crude synthesis gas recovered in this example was subjected to component analysis on a gas chromatograph, and the analysis results are shown in Table 2. The synthesis gas was then transferred to a synthesis gas purification unit in a recovery device for purification and used in the preparation of chemical raw materials.

[0059] Table 2. Raw syngas composition analysis

[0060] Type of substance <![CDATA[CO2]]> CO <![CDATA[H2]]> <![CDATA[CH4]]> <![CDATA[C2~C5]]> Volume distribution (vol%) 4 25 62 6 3 Yield (mmol / g) 1.1 7.7 19.3 1.9 1.2

[0061] It can be seen from the results that the recovered crude synthesis gas obtained in this example is mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen, of which carbon monoxide and hydrogen, two gas components with high energy utilization, account for 87%, the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide is 2.506, and the total yield of crude synthesis gas is 31.2 mmol / g.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] The method for preparing component-adjustable synthesis gas by electrothermal heating of retired fan blades of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0064] (1) Cut the retired fan blades and crush them, then use a filter screen to screen them to 20-40 mesh.

[0065] (2) Take 0.1013 g of fan blade powder, with a mass ratio of 0.4831 to conductive carbon felt, wrap the fan blade powder in conductive carbon felt, the resistance of the carbon felt used is 0.98 Ω, and install it in a Joule hot air flow device in a nitrogen atmosphere with a nitrogen flow rate set to 100 mL / min.

[0066] (3) Connecting both ends of the carbon felt to a programmable DC power supply, with a current of 50 A and a power-on time of 5 s. The pyrolysis temperature reaches 1951° C. The gas generated by the pyrolysis is collected to obtain the recovered crude synthesis gas.

[0067] Analyze the test results:

[0068] The crude synthesis gas recovered in this example was subjected to component analysis on a gas chromatograph, and the analysis results are shown in Table 3. The synthesis gas was then transferred to a synthesis gas purification unit in a recovery device for purification and used in the preparation of chemical raw materials.

[0069] Table 3. Raw syngas composition analysis

[0070] Type of substance <![CDATA[CO2]]> CO <![CDATA[H2]]> <![CDATA[CH4]]> <![CDATA[C2~C5]]> Volume distribution (vol%) 3 35 54 4 4 Yield (mmol / g) 1.2 12.4 19.3 1.5 1.4

[0071] It can be seen from the results that the recovered crude synthesis gas obtained in this example is mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen, of which carbon monoxide and hydrogen, two gas components with high energy utilization, account for 89%, the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide is 1.556, and the total yield of crude synthesis gas is 35.8 mmol / g.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] The method for preparing component-adjustable synthesis gas by electrothermal heating of retired fan blades of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0074] (1) Cut the retired fan blades and crush them, then use a filter screen to screen them to 20-40 mesh.

[0075] (2) Take 0.1023 g of fan blade powder, with a mass ratio of 0.4937 to conductive carbon felt, wrap the fan blade powder in conductive carbon felt with a resistance of 1.01 Ω, and install it in a Joule hot air flow device in a nitrogen atmosphere with a nitrogen flow rate of 100 mL / mi.

[0076] (3) Connecting both ends of the carbon felt to a programmable DC power supply, with a current of 60 A and a power-on time of 3.5 s. The pyrolysis temperature reaches 2290° C. The gas generated by the pyrolysis is collected to obtain the recovered crude synthesis gas.

[0077] Analyze the test results:

[0078] The crude synthesis gas recovered in this example was subjected to component analysis on a gas chromatograph, and the analysis results are shown in Table 4. The synthesis gas was then transferred to a synthesis gas purification unit in a recovery device for purification and used in the preparation of chemical raw materials.

[0079] Table 4. Raw syngas composition analysis

[0080] Type of substance <![CDATA[CO2]]> CO <![CDATA[H2]]> <![CDATA[CH4]]> <![CDATA[C2~C5]]> Volume distribution (vol%) 2 41 51 2 4 Yield (mmol / g) 0.9 17.2 21.3 0.9 1.2

[0081] It can be seen from the results that the recovered crude synthesis gas obtained in this example is mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen, of which carbon monoxide and hydrogen, two gas components with high energy utilization, account for 92%, the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide is 1.238, and the total yield of crude synthesis gas is 41.5 mmol / g.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] The method for preparing component-adjustable synthesis gas by electrothermal heating of retired fan blades of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0084] (1) Cut the retired fan blades and crush them, then use a filter screen to screen them to 20-40 mesh.

[0085] (2) Take 0.1015 g of fan blade powder, with a mass ratio of 0.5035 to conductive carbon felt, wrap the fan blade powder in conductive carbon felt, the resistance of the carbon felt used is 1.03 Ω, and install it in a Joule hot air flow device in a nitrogen atmosphere with a nitrogen flow rate set to 100 mL / min.

[0086] (3) Connecting both ends of the carbon felt to a programmable DC power supply, with a current of 70 A and a power-on time of 2.5 s. The pyrolysis temperature reaches 2407° C. The gas generated by the pyrolysis is collected to obtain the recovered crude synthesis gas.

[0087] Analyze the test results:

[0088] The crude synthesis gas recovered in this example was subjected to component analysis on a gas chromatograph, and the analysis results are shown in Table 5. The synthesis gas was then transferred to a synthesis gas purification unit in the recovery device for purification and used in the preparation of chemical raw materials.

[0089] Table 5. Raw syngas composition analysis

[0090] Type of substance <![CDATA[CO2]]> CO <![CDATA[H2]]> <![CDATA[CH4]]> <![CDATA[C2~C5]]> Volume distribution (vol%) 2 40 53 3 2 Yield (mmol / g) 0.9 15.0 20.0 1.1 1.0

[0091] It can be seen from the results that the recovered crude synthesis gas obtained in this example is mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen, of which carbon monoxide and hydrogen, two gas components with high energy utilization, account for 93%, the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide is 1.333, and the total yield of crude synthesis gas is 38.0 mmol / g.

[0092] It can be seen from all the above embodiments that the present invention successfully controls the thermal cracking temperature by changing the current, thereby achieving the regulation of the synthesis gas components.

[0093] Comparative Example 1

[0094] The method for preparing component-adjustable synthesis gas by electrothermal heating of retired fan blades of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0095] (1) Cut the retired fan blades and crush them, then use a filter screen to screen them to 20-40 mesh.

[0096] (2) Take 0.1038 g of fan blade powder, with a mass ratio of 0.5041 to conductive carbon felt, wrap the fan blade powder in conductive carbon felt, the resistance of the carbon felt used is 1.01 Ω, and install it in a Joule hot air flow device in a nitrogen atmosphere with a nitrogen flow rate set to 100 mL / min.

[0097] (3) Connecting both ends of the carbon felt to a programmable DC power supply, with a current of 20 A and a power-on time of 30 s. The pyrolysis temperature reaches 775° C. The gas generated by the pyrolysis is collected to obtain the recovered crude synthesis gas.

[0098] Analyze the test results:

[0099] The crude synthesis gas recovered in this comparative example was subjected to component analysis on a gas chromatograph, and the analysis results are shown in Table 6. The synthesis gas was then transferred to a synthesis gas purification unit in a recovery device for purification and used in the preparation of chemical raw materials.

[0100] Table 6. Raw syngas composition analysis

[0101] Type of substance <![CDATA[CO2]]> CO <![CDATA[H2]]> <![CDATA[CH4]]> <![CDATA[C2~C5]]> Volume distribution (vol%) 0.06 14 44 32 10 Yield (mmol / g) 0.02 4.1 12.8 9.2 2.9

[0102] It can be seen from the results that the recovered crude synthesis gas obtained in this comparative example mainly consists of methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, of which carbon monoxide and hydrogen, two gas components with high energy utilization, account for 58%, the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide is 3.122, and the total yield of crude synthesis gas is 29.0 mmol / g.

[0103] like Figure 2 As shown, compared with Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Example 1 has the lowest reaction temperature and the longest reaction time.

[0104] like Figure 3 As shown, compared with Examples 1 to 5, the hydrogen yield of Comparative Example 1 is significantly lower, the methane yield is significantly higher, and the control effect on hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the synthesis gas components is poor.

[0105] like Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen from the solid products cracked at different temperatures in Examples 1 to 4 by XRD that when the pyrolysis temperature is above 1700°C, the aluminum silicate and aluminum silicate salt in the fan blades are initially decomposed into aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide, and silicon dioxide and carbon react to generate silicon carbide and carbon monoxide, resulting in different carbon monoxide contents, thereby achieving the regulation of the synthesis gas component, which is mainly carbon monoxide. The reaction equation is as follows:

[0106] 2Al2O3·3SiO2→4Al2O3+6SiO2

[0107] SiO2+3C=SiC+2CO.

[0108] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing crude synthesis gas with adjustable components by high temperature cracking of retired fan blades, characterized in that: include: (1) crushing and filtering retired fan blades to obtain blade powder; (2) wrapping the blade powder of step (1) in a conductive carbon felt, subjecting the conductive carbon felt to a Joule heat high temperature treatment to pyrolyze the fan blade powder, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 800-2500° C., and collecting the gas generated by the pyrolysis to obtain a crude synthesis gas, wherein the crude synthesis gas includes hydrogen, methane, small molecule hydrocarbon gas, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; As the pyrolysis temperature increases, the volume proportion of carbon monoxide in the raw syngas increases gradually.

2. The method for preparing crude synthesis gas with adjustable components by high temperature cracking of retired fan blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis temperature t1 is: when 800°C≤t1<1700°C, the volume ratio of hydrogen in the crude synthesis gas is 62%-71%, and the volume ratio of carbon monoxide in the crude synthesis gas is 16%-25%; When the pyrolysis temperature t2 is 1700°C≤t2<2500°C, the volume ratio of hydrogen in the crude synthesis gas is 51%-54%, and the volume ratio of carbon monoxide in the crude synthesis gas is 35%-41%.

3. The method for preparing crude synthesis gas with adjustable components by high temperature cracking of retired fan blades according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pyrolysis temperature t2 is: when 2200°C≤t2<2500°C, the volume ratio of carbon monoxide in the crude synthesis gas is 40%-41%, and the yield of the crude synthesis gas is 38-41.5 mmol / g.

4. The method for preparing crude synthesis gas with adjustable components by high temperature cracking of retired fan blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yield of the crude synthesis gas is 28.2-41.5 mmol / g.

5. The method for preparing crude synthesis gas with adjustable components by high temperature cracking of retired fan blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical resistance of the conductive carbon felt is 0.8-1.2Ω.

6. The method for preparing crude synthesis gas with adjustable components by high temperature cracking of retired fan blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: Conductive carbon felt is subjected to high temperature Joule heat treatment, including: The conductive carbon felt is installed in a Joule hot air flow device with a nitrogen atmosphere inside, and then a controllable current is passed through the conductive carbon felt.

7. The method for preparing raw synthesis gas with adjustable components by high temperature cracking of retired fan blades according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas flow rate of the nitrogen gas is 50-100 mL / min.

8. The method for preparing crude synthesis gas with adjustable components by high temperature cracking of retired fan blades according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of electrifying the conductive carbon felt is constant current discharge, the controllable current is 20-70A, and the electrification time is 2.5-30s.

9. The method for preparing raw synthesis gas with adjustable components by high temperature cracking of retired fan blades according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Joule thermal air flow device comprises a slide, a positive and negative pressure gauge, a vacuum valve, an inlet and outlet valve, a clamp, an enamel clamp, an optical axis fixing locking ring, a fixing ring bracket, a U-shaped bracket, a nylon plug, a stainless steel alligator pliers and Quartz tube, conductive carbon felt wrapped with fan blade powder is located in Inside the quartz tube.

10. The method for preparing raw synthesis gas with adjustable components by high temperature cracking of retired fan blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the blade powder to the conductive carbon felt is 1:2-3:4.

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