Train rail milling cutter disc and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a train track milling cutter disc and a preparation process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of train track repair, the key points of the technical scheme are that the train track milling cutter disc comprises a wheel-shaped cutter disc main body, the cutter disc main body comprises a wheel disc part and a shaft shoulder part integrally formed at the end part of the wheel disc part; a plurality of inclined mounting grooves are formed in the side ring wall wheel face of the wheel disc part, a plurality of blades are mounted in the mounting grooves respectively, pressing grooves are formed in the blades, pressing blocks are arranged in the pressing grooves, the side faces, close to the pressing grooves, of the pressing blocks are inclined pressing faces, and the pressing faces are provided with pressing grooves. When the pressing block is placed in the pressing groove, the inclination direction of the pressing face is consistent with the inclination direction of the blade. After being fixed on the wheel disc part, the blades in the milling and grinding disc for the train track are uniform in stress and easy to disassemble and replace, and the stress concentration phenomenon can be reduced; in addition, the steps adopted by the preparation process of the milling cutter disc for the train track are short and reasonable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a milling cutter, in particular to a train track milling cutter disc and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rails not only have to carry the running of trains, but also have to control the steering of trains. It can be said that they are under tremendous pressure and impact. Over time, wear and aging have become inevitable problems. These injuries and contact fatigue damage mainly include side wear, corrugation, hidden injuries, cracks, fat edges and abrasions. All of these are "diseases" of rails. If they are not repaired in time, the wheel-rail noise will increase, the deterioration rate of vehicles and tracks will be accelerated, and the safe operation of trains will be affected. Thus, the "rail grinding machine" was born.

[0003] There are three main ways to grind rails: sliding shoe type, grinding wheel type and milling grinding; sliding shoe type is to press the grinding stone on the rail and rub the rail surface with reciprocating motion. Obviously, this method can only grind longitudinally and cannot take care of the inside and outside of the rail. The grinding wheel type uses an electric motor or a hydraulic motor to drive the grinding wheel to grind the rail at high speed. And because of this high grinding speed, it is also called high-speed grinding of rails. Milling grinding is the latest type of rail profile repair mode. Usually the rotation of the milling cutter is the main motion, and the movement of the workpiece and the milling cutter is the feed motion. It can not only grind the plane and groove of the rail, but also process various curved surfaces and gears.

[0004] The existing Chinese patent with publication number CN116213802 A discloses a rail online repair milling cutter, including a cutter disc and a blade, wherein the cutter disc is wheel-shaped, and an inwardly concave annular milling groove is arranged on one side of the wheel surface of the cutter disc, and the groove bottom contour line of the annular milling groove is arranged in an "L" shape, and at the same time, the two directions of the groove bottom of the annular milling groove correspond to the radial direction and the axial direction of the cutter disc respectively, and a plurality of groups of cutter grooves are arranged in an annular array on the groove bottom of the annular milling groove, and each group of the cutter grooves includes a plurality of top surface processing grooves and a plurality of side surface processing grooves, and at the same time, the top surface processing groove is arranged on the groove bottom of the annular milling groove corresponding to the axial direction of the cutter disc, and the side surface processing groove is arranged on the groove bottom of the annular milling groove corresponding to the radial direction of the cutter disc.

[0005] The above patent has some advantages, but still has some disadvantages, such as: its production process is complicated, and the blade installation structure can be further improved to reduce stress concentration. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems mentioned in the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a train track milling cutter disc and a preparation process thereof to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0007] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: The train track milling cutter disc comprises a wheel-shaped cutter disc body, wherein the cutter disc body comprises a wheel disc portion and a shaft shoulder portion integrally formed at the end of the wheel disc portion, wherein a plurality of inclined mounting grooves are provided on the side ring wall wheel surface of the wheel disc portion, wherein a plurality of blades are respectively installed in the plurality of mounting grooves, wherein the blades are provided with clamping grooves, wherein the clamping grooves are provided with pressure blocks, wherein a side surface of the pressure block close to the clamping groove is an inclined clamping surface, wherein when the pressure block is placed in the clamping groove, the inclination direction of the clamping surface is consistent with the inclination direction of the blade, and the pressure block is fixed at the mounting groove by bolts.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting grooves are arranged along a spiral line, and the angle between the spiral line and the axis of the wheel disc portion is in the range of 25-30°.

[0009] The present invention also discloses a preparation process of a train track milling cutter disc, comprising the following steps: S1. Blanking: After blanking, the blank is forged into a cylindrical forging blank by a die forging machine; S2, Rough turning: Use a lathe to rough turn, and control the shape with a margin of 1.5 to 2 mm; S3, heat treatment: heat treatment process is adopted to heat treat it to HRC42~46; S4, Failure treatment: secondary deep cooling to relieve stress; S5, Turning: Finishing the shape, end face and inner hole, taper grinding allowance; S6, milling: processing de-weighting holes, through holes, pin holes and various countersunk holes and top screw holes; S7, semi-finishing grinding: grinding the end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, and controlling the taper contact area to be more than 85%; S8, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, leave a single-side margin of 0.1-0.2mm; process the tool rotation direction and the installation groove of the cutter head body; S9, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S10, surface treatment: sandblasting, nitriding, nickel plating; S11, fine grinding: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, taper contact area is more than 85%; S12, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, check the runout of each group, fill the blade within 0.02mm, and remove the machine after passing the test; S13, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S14. Assembly: Fix the blade in the mounting slot.

[0010] Preferably, when heat treating S3, the heat treatment process is as follows: stress relief annealing in an air furnace at 520-550°C for 2-3h, then preheating at 875-890°C for 10-20min, keeping warm at 1208-1213°C for 40-50min, then transferring to a graded cooling furnace, first cooling in a heat preservation furnace at 485-490°C for 2-3h, then transferring to a heat preservation furnace at 270-280°C for cooling for 1-2h, and then cooling naturally.

[0011] Preferably, the S4 adopts a two-step cryogenic operation during failure treatment. First, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen at -195 to -200°C for 3-4 hours. After returning to room temperature, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen at -190 to -195°C for 5-6 hours again, and then returned to room temperature at room temperature.

[0012] Preferably, when the S10 is subjected to surface nitriding treatment, the cutting oil and debris on the surface of the tool are first cleaned with a cleaning agent and high-pressure water, and then immersed in a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for 20-30 minutes and kept warm at 30-35°C, and then rinsed with clean water.

[0013] Preferably, when the S10 performs surface treatment sandblasting, wet sandblasting is used, the distance between the spray gun and the workpiece is controlled between 80-100 mm, wet glass beads and corundum are used as abrasives, and the sandblasting pressure is controlled between 0.25 MPa and 0.3 MPa.

[0014] Preferably, when the S10 is used for surface treatment of nickel plating, the plating solution temperature is controlled at 48-52°C, the pH is controlled between 3.5-5.5, the nickel salt content in the plating solution used is 10-30g / L, the ammonia content is 50-100g / L, and the CBAA content is 4-12g / L; the conductivity of the plating solution should be maintained at 2-3.0S / cm.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: After the blades in the train track milling cutter disc are fixed to the wheel disc part, the force is evenly distributed on them and they are easy to disassemble and replace, which can reduce the stress concentration phenomenon. In addition, the method and steps adopted in the preparation process of the train track milling cutter disc are short and reasonable, and the milling cutter disc has good hardness, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, dimensional stability and corrosion resistance. It not only simplifies the subsequent processing flow, but also improves the overall life of the milling cutter disc, reduces costs and prolongs its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0017] Figure numerals: 1, cutter disc body; 11, wheel disc portion; 12, shaft shoulder portion; 13, mounting groove; 14, blade; 15, clamping groove; 16, pressure block; 17, bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the train track milling cutter disc comprises a wheel-shaped cutter disc body 1, the cutter disc body 1 comprises a wheel disc portion 11 and a shaft shoulder portion 12 integrally formed at the end of the wheel disc portion 11, a plurality of inclined mounting grooves 13 are provided on the side ring wall wheel surface of the wheel disc portion 11, a plurality of blades 14 are respectively installed in the plurality of mounting grooves 13, a clamping groove 15 is provided on the blade 14, a pressing block 16 is provided in each of the clamping grooves 15, a side surface of the pressing block 16 close to the clamping groove 15 is an inclined clamping surface, when the pressing block 16 is placed in the clamping groove 15, the inclination direction of the clamping surface is consistent with the inclination direction of the blade 14, and the pressing block 16 is fixed to the mounting groove 13 by a bolt 17. The mounting groove 13 is arranged along a spiral line, and the angle between the spiral line and the axis of the wheel disc portion 11 is in the range of 25-30°. Example 2

[0020] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which is different from Example 1 in that this embodiment also discloses a preparation process of a train track milling cutter disc, comprising the following steps: S1. Blanking: After blanking, the blank is forged into a cylindrical forging blank by a die forging machine; S2, Rough turning: Use a lathe to rough turn, and control the shape with a margin of 1.5mm; S3, heat treatment: heat treatment process is adopted to heat treat it to HRC42~46; S4, Failure treatment: secondary deep cooling to relieve stress; S5, Turning: Finishing the shape, end face and inner hole, taper grinding allowance; S6, milling: processing de-weighting holes, through holes, pin holes and various countersunk holes and top screw holes; S7, semi-finishing grinding: grinding the end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, and controlling the taper contact area to be more than 85%; S8, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, leave a single-side margin of 0.1mm; process the tool rotation direction and the installation groove 13 of the cutter head body 1; S9, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S10, surface treatment: sandblasting, nitriding, nickel plating; S11, fine grinding: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, taper contact area is more than 85%; S12, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, check the runout of each group, fill the blade 14 within 0.02mm, and remove the machine after passing the test; S13, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S14, assembly: fixing the blade 14 in the mounting groove 13.

[0021] Among them, the heat treatment process of S3 is as follows: stress relief annealing in a 520℃ air furnace for 2h, then preheating at 875℃ for 10min, keeping warm at 1208℃ for 40min, then transferring to a graded cooling furnace, first cooling in a 485℃ keeping furnace for 2h, then transferring to a 270℃ keeping furnace for cooling for 1h, and then cooling naturally.

[0022] Among them, S4 adopts a two-step deep cooling operation during failure treatment. First, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen at -195 for 4 hours. After returning to room temperature, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen at -190℃ for 5-6 hours again, and then returned to room temperature at room temperature.

[0023] Among them, when S10 is nitrided on the surface, the cutting oil and debris on the surface of the tool are first cleaned with a cleaning agent and high-pressure water, then immersed in a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for 20-30 minutes and kept warm at 30°C, and then rinsed with clean water.

[0024] Among them, S10 adopts wet sandblasting for surface treatment, controls the distance between the spray gun and the workpiece to be 80mm, uses wet glass beads and corundum as abrasives, and controls the sandblasting pressure to be 0.25MPa.

[0025] Among them, when S10 is used for surface treatment of nickel plating, the plating solution temperature is controlled at 48°C, the pH is controlled at 3.8, the nickel salt content in the plating solution used is 10g / L, the ammonia content is 100g / L, and the CBAA content is 4g / L; the conductivity of the plating solution should be maintained at 2S / cm.

[0026] Among them, after the blade 14 in the train track milling cutter disc is fixed to the wheel disc part 11, it is evenly stressed and easy to disassemble and replace, which can reduce stress concentration. In addition, the method and steps adopted in the preparation process of the train track milling cutter disc are short and reasonable, and the milling cutter disc has good hardness, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, dimensional stability and corrosion resistance; it not only simplifies the subsequent processing flow, but also improves the overall life of the milling cutter disc, reduces costs, and extends service life. Example 3

[0027] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment discloses a process for preparing a train track milling cutter disc, comprising the following steps: S1. Blanking: After blanking, the blank is forged into a cylindrical forging blank by a die forging machine; S2, Rough turning: Use a lathe to rough turn, and control the shape with a 2mm margin; S3, heat treatment: heat treatment process is adopted to heat treat it to HRC42~46; S4, Failure treatment: secondary deep cooling to relieve stress; S5, Turning: Finishing the shape, end face and inner hole, taper grinding allowance; S6, milling: processing de-weighting holes, through holes, pin holes and various countersunk holes and top screw holes; S7, semi-finishing grinding: grinding the end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, and controlling the taper contact area to be more than 85%; S8, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, leave a single-side margin of 0.1-0.2mm; process the tool rotation direction and the installation groove 13 of the cutter head body 1; S9, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S10, surface treatment: sandblasting, nitriding, nickel plating; S11, fine grinding: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, taper contact area is more than 85%; S12, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, check the runout of each group, fill the blade 14 within 0.02mm, and remove the machine after passing the test; S13, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S14, assembly: fixing the blade 14 in the mounting groove 13.

[0028] Among them, the heat treatment process of S3 is as follows: stress relief annealing in a 550°C air furnace for 2 hours, then preheating at 890°C for 10 minutes, keeping warm at 1213°C for 50 minutes, then transferring to a graded cooling furnace, first cooling in a 490°C insulation furnace for 3 hours, then transferring to a 280°C insulation furnace for cooling for 2 hours, and then cooling naturally.

[0029] Among them, S4 adopts a two-step deep cooling operation during failure treatment. First, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen at -195°C for 3 hours. After returning to room temperature, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen at -195°C for 6 hours again, and then returned to room temperature at room temperature.

[0030] Among them, when S10 is subjected to surface nitriding treatment, the cutting oil and debris on the surface of the tool are first cleaned with a cleaning agent and high-pressure water, then immersed in a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for 20 minutes and kept warm at 35°C, and then rinsed with clean water.

[0031] Among them, S10 adopts wet sandblasting for surface treatment, controls the distance between the spray gun and the workpiece to be between 100mm, uses wet glass beads and corundum as abrasives, and controls the sandblasting pressure to be 0.3MPa.

[0032] Among them, when S10 is used for surface treatment of nickel plating, the plating solution temperature is controlled at 52°C, the pH is controlled at 3.5, the nickel salt content in the plating solution is 30g / L, the ammonia content is 50g / L, and the CBAA content is 4g / L; the conductivity of the plating solution should be maintained at 2S / cm. Example 4

[0033] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment discloses a process for preparing a train track milling cutter disc, comprising the following steps: S1. Blanking: After blanking, the blank is forged into a cylindrical forging blank by a die forging machine; S2, Rough turning: Rough turning is done by lathe, and the shape is controlled with a margin of 1.7mm; S3, heat treatment: heat treatment process is adopted to heat treat it to HRC42~46; S4, Failure treatment: secondary deep cooling to relieve stress; S5, Turning: Finishing the shape, end face and inner hole, taper grinding allowance; S6, milling: processing de-weighting holes, through holes, pin holes and various countersunk holes and top screw holes; S7, semi-finishing grinding: grinding the end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, and controlling the taper contact area to be more than 85%; S8, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, leave a single-side margin of 0.1-0.2mm; process the tool rotation direction and the installation groove 13 of the cutter head body 1; S9, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S10, surface treatment: sandblasting, nitriding, nickel plating; S11, fine grinding: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, taper contact area is more than 85%; S12, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, check the runout of each group, fill the blade 14 within 0.02mm, and remove the machine after passing the test; S13, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S14, assembly: fixing the blade 14 in the mounting groove 13.

[0034] Among them, the heat treatment process of S3 is as follows: stress relief annealing in a 540℃ air furnace for 3h, then preheating at 880℃ for 10min, keeping warm at 1211℃ for 40-50min, then transferring to a graded cooling furnace, first cooling in a 487℃ keeping furnace for 2h, then transferring to a 276℃ keeping furnace for cooling for 1h, and then cooling naturally.

[0035] Among them, S4 adopts a two-step deep cooling operation during failure treatment. First, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen at -197°C for 3-4 hours. After returning to room temperature, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen at -194°C for 5-6 hours again, and then returned to room temperature at room temperature.

[0036] Among them, when S10 is subjected to surface nitriding treatment, the cutting oil and debris on the surface of the tool are first cleaned with a cleaning agent and high-pressure water, then immersed in a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for 20 minutes and kept warm at 34°C, and then rinsed with clean water.

[0037] Among them, S10 adopts wet sandblasting for surface treatment, controls the distance between the spray gun and the workpiece to be between 90mm, uses wet glass beads and corundum as abrasives, and controls the sandblasting pressure to be 0.28MPa.

[0038] Among them, when S10 is used for surface treatment of nickel plating, the plating solution temperature is controlled at 50°C, the pH is controlled at 4.4, the nickel salt content in the plating solution is 20g / L, the ammonia content is 80g / L, and the CBAA content is 8g / L; the conductivity of the plating solution should be maintained at 2.5S / cm. Example 5

[0039] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment discloses a process for preparing a train track milling cutter disc, comprising the following steps: S1. Blanking: After blanking, the blank is forged into a cylindrical forging blank by a die forging machine; S2, Rough turning: Rough turning is performed on a lathe, and the shape is controlled with a margin of 1.9mm; S3, heat treatment: heat treatment process is adopted to heat treat it to HRC42~46; S4, Failure treatment: secondary deep cooling to relieve stress; S5, Turning: Finishing the shape, end face and inner hole, taper grinding allowance; S6, milling: processing de-weighting holes, through holes, pin holes and various countersunk holes and top screw holes; S7, semi-finishing grinding: grinding the end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, and controlling the taper contact area to be more than 85%; S8, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, leave a single-side margin of 0.15mm; process the tool rotation direction and the installation groove 13 of the cutter head body 1; S9, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S10, surface treatment: sandblasting, nitriding, nickel plating; S11, fine grinding: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, taper contact area is more than 85%; S12, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, check the runout of each group, fill the blade 14 within 0.02mm, and remove the machine after passing the test; S13, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S14, assembly: fixing the blade 14 in the mounting groove 13.

[0040] Among them, the heat treatment process of S3 is as follows: stress relief annealing in a 545℃ air furnace for 2.5h, then preheating at 883℃ for 16min, keeping warm at 1213℃ for 40min, then transferring to a graded cooling furnace, first cooling in a 485℃ keeping furnace for 2h, then transferring to a 280℃ keeping furnace for cooling for 2h, and then cooling naturally.

[0041] Among them, S4 adopts a two-step deep cooling operation during failure treatment. First, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen at -197°C for 3 hours. After returning to room temperature, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen at -192°C for 5.5 hours again, and then returned to room temperature at room temperature.

[0042] Among them, when S10 is subjected to surface nitriding treatment, the cutting oil and debris on the surface of the tool are first cleaned with a cleaning agent and high-pressure water, then immersed in a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for 25 minutes and kept warm at 33°C, and then rinsed with clean water.

[0043] Among them, S10 adopts wet sandblasting for surface treatment, controls the distance between the spray gun and the workpiece to be between 85mm, uses wet glass beads and corundum as abrasives, and controls the sandblasting pressure to be 0.25MPa.

[0044] Among them, when S10 is used for surface treatment of nickel plating, the plating solution temperature is controlled at 52°C, the pH is controlled at 4, the nickel salt content in the plating solution used is 15g / L, the ammonia content is 60g / L, and the CBAA content is 7g / L; the conductivity of the plating solution should be maintained at 2.6S / cm.

[0045] In order to verify the superiority of the process of the present invention, the rail online repair milling cutter of the comparative document in the background technology and the train track milling cutter disc produced by Examples 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the present invention were selected for experimental testing, and the experimental results were homogenized with the actual test results of the comparative document, wherein the following scheme was selected in the comparative document as a comparative example: the rail online repair milling cutter, including a cutter disc and a blade, has the following characteristics: the cutter disc is wheel-shaped, and an inwardly concave annular milling groove is arranged on the wheel surface of the cutter disc and on one side, and the groove bottom contour line of the annular milling groove is arranged in an "L" shape, and at the same time, the two directions of the groove bottom of the annular milling groove correspond to the radial and axial directions of the cutter disc respectively, and a plurality of groups of cutter grooves are arranged in an annular array on the groove bottom of the annular milling groove, and each group of cutter grooves includes a plurality of top surface processing grooves and a plurality of side surface processing grooves, and at the same time, the top surface processing groove is arranged on the groove bottom of the annular milling groove corresponding to the axial direction of the cutter disc, and the side surface processing groove is arranged on the annular The tool is provided with a shaped milling groove on the groove bottom corresponding to the radial direction of the cutter disc, and each top surface processing groove and each side surface processing groove include a tool installation groove and a clamping groove connected to the tool installation groove to form an "L"-shaped structure, and at the same time, a locking hole is provided at the groove bottom of each clamping groove; a blade is provided in the tool installation groove of each top surface processing groove and the side surface processing groove, and the maximum surface of the blade in the top surface processing groove is located in a surface arranged obliquely with respect to the radial direction of the cutter disc, and the maximum surface of the blade in the side surface processing groove is located in a surface arranged obliquely with respect to the axial direction of the cutter disc; and a pressing block is also provided, and a pressing block is provided in each clamping groove, and a side surface of the pressing block close to the tool installation groove is an inclined clamping surface, and when the pressing block is placed in the tool installation groove, the inclination direction of the clamping surface is consistent with the inclination direction of the blade in the top surface processing groove and the side surface processing groove, and at the same time, a mounting hole corresponding to the locking hole is provided on the pressing block, and the corresponding locking hole and mounting hole are connected by screws. According to the above structure, the common tool steel material is used for manufacturing, and the tool material used in the comparative document is 9SiCr.

[0046] Finally, after testing and homogenization calculation, the following data results were obtained: hardness Wear resistance Anti-fatigue performance strength Corrosion resistance Comparative Example 50HRC【100%】 100% 100% 100% 100% Example 1 51HRC-【102%】 114% 109% 110% 112% Example 2 52HRC-【104%】 109% 107% 108% 111% Example 3 51.5HRC-【103%】 112% 108% 105% 109% Example 4 50.5HRC-【101%】 113% 109% 103% 108% It can be understood from the above experimental data that the cutting tools produced in Examples 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the present invention have higher structural strength, and their hardness, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, dimensional stability and corrosion resistance are greatly improved.

[0047] Among them, the hardness test adopts the Rockwell hardness test: using a conical or spherical indenter, an indentation is formed under the action of the initial load and the total load, and the hardness value is calculated according to the indentation depth. Wear resistance test: the national standard GB / T12444 test method is adopted, which includes the steps of sample preparation, wear test, test data processing and result analysis, and is suitable for the wear resistance test of metal materials. After the evaluation, the data is homogenized with the test results of the comparison file, that is, the comparison file is set to 100%; Among them, the fatigue performance test is as follows, using a tensile test: Prepare samples: Make the tool to be tested into a standard size specimen, generally cylindrical, with a diameter generally between 2-5mm and a length generally between 20-50mm.

[0048] Install the sample: Install the sample on the clamping device of the tensile testing machine to ensure that the load on the sample during the test is applied along the axial direction of the sample.

[0049] Adjust test conditions: adjust the parameters of the testing machine according to the test requirements, such as load rate, temperature, etc. The load rate is generally between 1mm / min and 10mm / min.

[0050] Start the test: Start the testing machine, begin to apply load, and record load and displacement data in real time.

[0051] Analysis results: After the test, the tensile properties and fracture strength of the samples are analyzed based on the experimental data. Common results include Young's modulus, ultimate tensile strength, yield point, fracture toughness and other indicators.

[0052] By adopting the above experimental scheme, recording data and homogenizing the data, the above table data can be obtained. After evaluation, the data is homogenized with the test results of the comparison file, that is, the comparison file is set to 100%.

[0053] In addition, the advantages of the present invention are comprehensively analyzed: the heat treatment means and ultra-deep cryogenic treatment adopted by the present process can significantly improve the hardness of the tool, because the low temperature environment of ultra-deep cryogenic treatment promotes the transformation of the residual austenite in the steel into martensite, thereby increasing the hardness of the steel. With the increase in hardness, the wear resistance of the tool is also enhanced, which means that the tool can maintain the stability of its shape and size during long-term use, reducing wear and deformation.

[0054] In addition, the process adopted by the present invention can enhance the fatigue resistance, and the above-mentioned heat treatment process and ultra-deep cryogenic treatment can refine the grains of the tool steel and eliminate internal stress concentration, thereby significantly improving the fatigue resistance of the tool. This enables the tool to withstand more cycles without fatigue damage when working under cyclic loads, thereby extending the service life of the tool.

[0055] In addition, this process can improve dimensional stability. Ultra-deep cryogenic treatment helps stabilize the organizational structure of the tool steel and reduce dimensional changes caused by temperature changes. This ensures that the tool can maintain precise size and shape during manufacturing and use, and improves the processing accuracy and consistency of the product. This process can improve corrosion resistance. After ultra-deep cryogenic treatment, the corrosion resistance of the tool steel is also improved. This is because low-temperature treatment can promote the uniform distribution of alloy elements in the steel and form a denser oxide film. This oxide film can effectively block erosion from the external environment and reduce the risk of tool failure due to corrosion.

[0056] In addition, this process simplifies the subsequent processing flow. The surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the tools that have been treated with ultra-cryogenic treatment have been significantly improved, so some subsequent finishing steps can be simplified or omitted. This not only reduces production costs, but also shortens the production cycle and improves production efficiency. Combined with the improvement of the above performance, ultra-cryogenic treatment can significantly extend the service life of the tool. This means that the tool can maintain its performance and accuracy for a longer period of time, reducing the frequency and cost of tool replacement. Ultra-cryogenic treatment is a physical treatment method that does not involve chemical reagents and emissions, so it has environmental advantages. At the same time, due to the extension of tool life and the improvement of production efficiency, enterprises can reduce production costs and improve economic benefits.

[0057] Wet sandblasting can improve the surface quality of the tool. By spraying sand particles at high speed to collide with the tool surface, dirt, oxides and tiny unevenness on the surface can be removed, making the tool surface smoother and flatter. This improvement in surface quality is conducive to reducing friction and resistance during the cutting process, thereby improving the cutting efficiency and processing quality of the tool. Secondly, wet sandblasting can also increase the service life of the tool to a certain extent. A compressive stress layer will form on the surface of the tool after wet sandblasting, which helps to reduce fatigue and wear of the tool during use. At the same time, wet sandblasting can also refine the grains on the tool surface, improve the hardness and wear resistance of the tool, and further extend the service life of the tool.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Train track milling cutter head, characterized by: The invention comprises a wheel-shaped cutter disc body (1), wherein the cutter disc body (1) comprises a wheel disc portion (11) and a shaft shoulder portion (12) integrally formed at the end of the wheel disc portion (11); a plurality of inclined mounting grooves (13) are provided on the side ring wall wheel surface of the wheel disc portion (11); a plurality of blades (14) are respectively installed in the plurality of mounting grooves (13); a clamping groove (15) is provided on the blade (14); a clamping block (16) is provided in each of the clamping grooves (15); a side surface of the clamping block (16) close to the clamping groove (15) is an inclined clamping surface; when the clamping block (16) is placed in the clamping groove (15), the inclination direction of the clamping surface is consistent with the inclination direction of the blade (14); the clamping block (16) is fixed to the mounting groove (13) by a bolt (17).

2. The train track milling cutter disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting groove (13) is arranged along a spiral line, and the angle between the spiral line and the axis of the wheel disc portion (11) is in the range of 25-30°.

3. The preparation process of the train track milling cutter disc is characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Blanking: After blanking, the blank is forged into a cylindrical forging blank by a die forging machine; S2, Rough turning: Use a lathe to rough turn, and control the shape with a margin of 1.5 to 2 mm; S3, heat treatment: heat treatment process is adopted to heat treat it to HRC42~46; S4, Failure treatment: secondary deep cooling to relieve stress; S5, Turning: Finishing the shape, end face and inner hole, taper grinding allowance; S6, milling: processing de-weighting holes, through holes, pin holes and various countersunk holes and top screw holes; S7, semi-finishing grinding: grinding the end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, and controlling the taper contact area to be more than 85%; S8, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, leave a single-side margin of 0.1-0.2mm; process the tool rotation direction and the installation groove (13) of the cutter head body (1); S9, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S10, surface treatment: sandblasting, nitriding, nickel plating; S11, fine grinding: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to check, taper contact area is more than 85%; S12, five-axis milling: put on the tooling, process each tooth groove, check the runout of each group, fill the blade (14) within 0.02mm, and remove the machine after passing the test; S13, clamp processing: remove burrs, blunt sharp edges, and control to avoid bruises; S14, assembly: fix the blade (14) in the mounting groove (13).

4. The process for preparing the train track milling cutter disc according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the heat treatment of S3, the heat treatment process is as follows: stress relief annealing in an air furnace at 520-550°C for 2-3h, then preheating at 875-890°C for 10-20min, keeping warm at 1208-1213°C for 40-50min, then transferring to a graded cooling furnace, first cooling in a heat preservation furnace at 485-490°C for 2-3h, then transferring to a heat preservation furnace at 270-280°C for cooling for 1-2h, and then cooling naturally.

5. The process for preparing the train track milling cutter disc according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S4 adopts a two-step cryogenic operation during failure treatment. First, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen at -195 to -200°C for 3-4 hours. After returning to room temperature, the tool is treated with liquid nitrogen again at -190 to -195°C for 5-6 hours, and then returned to room temperature at room temperature.

6. The process for preparing the train track milling cutter disc according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the S10 is subjected to surface nitriding treatment, the cutting oil and debris on the surface of the tool are first cleaned with a cleaning agent and high-pressure water, and then immersed in a 5% sodium hydroxide solution for 20-30 minutes and kept warm at 30-35°C, and then rinsed with clean water.

7. The process for preparing the train track milling cutter disc according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the S10 is used for surface treatment sandblasting, wet sandblasting is adopted, the distance between the spray gun and the workpiece is controlled between 80-100 mm, wet glass beads and corundum are used as abrasives, and the sandblasting pressure is controlled between 0.25 MPa and 0.3 MPa.

8. The process for preparing the train track milling cutter disc according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the S10 is used for surface treatment of nickel plating, the plating solution temperature is controlled at 48-52°C, the pH is controlled between 3.5-5.5, the nickel salt content in the plating solution is 10-30g / L, the ammonia content is 50-100g / L, and the CBAA content is 4-12g / L; the conductivity of the plating solution should be maintained at 2-3.0S / cm.

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