Bolt back nut intelligent tightening device and tightening method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fastener installation, and particularly discloses an intelligent bolt back nut tightening device and a tightening method.The intelligent bolt back nut tightening device comprises a lifting support, and the front side of the lifting support is connected with a tightening base in an up-down driving mode; the front side of the tightening base is provided with a positioning and turning device used for positioning and driving a to-be-tightened piece to rotate and a sensing and locating device used for recognizing the tightening position, the front side of the tightening base is further movably connected with a tightening unit, the tightening unit comprises a movable arm, and the movable arm is in sliding connection with the tightening base. A rotary tightening device used for tightening the back nut is connected to the movable arm in a front-back driving mode and comprises a tightening motor, a tightening transmission base and a tightening head. And through initial information acquisition, connection of the to-be-tightened piece, angle positioning of the to-be-tightened piece, connection of the back nut, tightening of the back nut and continuous tightening or reset exiting, tightening of the back nut is achieved, and efficiency and precision are high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fastener installation, and in particular relates to a bolt nut intelligent tightening device and a tightening method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The end component of the construction machinery transmission system is the axle. When the vehicle is moving, the tire seat will drive the tire to rotate forward. Figure 1 As shown, the connection between the tire and the drive axle 1 is fixed by tightening the outer thread of the bolt fixed on the tire seat with a nut, and before the tire and the tire seat bolts on the drive axle 1 are tightened, the tire seat bolts need to be passed through the bolt holes on the wheel hub and the wheel frame of the drive axle 1, and the two are tightened with the back nut 2. The number of tire seat bolts and back nuts 2 is generally an even number and is evenly distributed along the central axis of the bridge. Since the working environment of the loader is relatively harsh and the vehicle is bumpy when traveling, the stability of the tightening torque of the bolts and back nuts 2 here is relatively high. At present, due to the limitation of the working space, the bolts and back nuts 2 are mainly tightened by manual hand-held tightening tools, which not only has poor consistency of tightening torque, but also has high working intensity and low efficiency, and at the same time, there will be safety hazards to the operator. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problem of high intensity and low efficiency of the nut tightening operation in the prior art, an intelligent tightening device for a bolt nut and a tightening method thereof are proposed. The present invention provides the following technical solutions: A smart tightening device for a bolt nut comprises a lifting bracket, the front side of the lifting bracket is driven up and down to be connected with a tightening base, the front side of the tightening base is installed with a positioning dial device for positioning and driving the part to be tightened to rotate and a sensor positioning device for identifying the tightening position, the front side of the tightening base is also movably connected with a tightening unit, the tightening unit comprises a movable arm, the movable arm is slidably connected to the tightening base, the movable arm is driven forward and backward to be connected with a rotating tightening device for tightening the nut, the rotating tightening device comprises a tightening motor, a tightening transmission seat and a tightening head, the tightening transmission seat is installed with a tightening transmission assembly, the tightening transmission assembly is transmission-connected to the tightening motor and the tightening head, the tightening transmission seat is laterally extended to one side of the positioning dial device, and the tightening head is arranged backward.

[0004] Preferably, two tightening units are arranged on the tightening base symmetrically with respect to the positioning dial device.

[0005] Preferably, the tightening unit is horizontally and laterally slidably connected to the tightening base.

[0006] Preferably, a transverse movement base is provided at the lower side of the lifting bracket, and the lifting bracket is connected to the transverse movement base in a transverse sliding manner.

[0007] Preferably, the sensor positioning device includes a bridge center positioning visual sensor and a bolt positioning visual sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the bridge center positioning visual sensor and the bolt positioning visual sensor are arranged on both sides of the positioning dial device in the vertical direction.

[0009] Preferably, a counterweight module for balancing the weight is arranged at the rear side of the lifting bracket, a pulley is arranged on the upper side of the lifting bracket, a connecting belt is connected to the pulley, and two ends of the connecting belt are respectively connected to the tightening base and the counterweight module.

[0010] A bolt nut intelligent tightening method comprises the following steps: S1, initial information acquisition: identifying specification information and position information of the part to be tightened through a sensor positioning device; S2, connecting the parts to be tightened; connecting the parts to be tightened by the positioning dial device; S3, angular positioning of the part to be tightened; driving the part to be tightened to rotate through the positioning dial device until the target back nut is located on the moving path of the tightening head; S4, connecting the back nut; driving the tightening unit through the specification information and position information to align the tightening head and connect it to the target back nut; S5, tighten the back nut; tighten the back nut through the tightening unit, align the remaining back nut with the tightening head, and complete the tightening; S6, continue tightening or reset and exit; if all the back nuts to be tightened have been tightened, reset and exit, otherwise, repeat steps S3, S4, and S5, wherein the target back nut is switched to the remaining untightened back nut.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2, if the position of the tightened part exceeds the positioning range of the positioning dial device, the lifting bracket is driven to move laterally and / or vertically so that the position of the tightened part is within the positioning range of the positioning dial device.

[0012] Preferably, in step S4, the longitudinally driven rotary tightening device is moved to the oblique front side of the target back nut, and then the movable arm is driven to make the tightening head located at the front side of the target back nut, and then the longitudinally driven rotary tightening device is made to cooperate and connect with the target back nut.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up the sensor positioning device and the positioning dial device, the precise identification and positioning of the parts to be tightened are realized, thus ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the tightening operation; 2. Through the sliding connection design between the movable arm and the tightening base, as well as the cooperation between the lateral drive device and the longitudinal linear drive device, the tightening head can be flexibly moved in three-dimensional space, and can be accurately aligned and connected to the target back nut, further improving the flexibility and adaptability of the tightening operation; 3. The double tightening unit design realizes the rapid tightening of the back nut, greatly improves the work efficiency and tightening quality, and at the same time balances the weight of the tightening base, ensuring the stability and reliability of the device operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the drive axle and back nut; Figure 2 It is a front view structural diagram of the bolt nut intelligent tightening device; Figure 3 It is a left view structural diagram of the bolt nut intelligent tightening device; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting bracket; Figure 5 It is a partial structural diagram of the positioning dial device; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning inner hole; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the counterweight module; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the bolt-back nut intelligent tightening device; In the attached figure, 1, driving axle; 11, positioning inner hole; 2, back nut; 3, lifting bracket; 31, box-type stand; 311, lifting guide rail; 32, lifting support plate; 33, reinforcing rib; 4, tightening base; 5, positioning dial device; 51, chuck assembly; 52, rotating base; 53, longitudinal feed drive device; 6, sensor positioning device; 61, bridge center positioning visual sensor; 62, bolt positioning visual sensor; 7, tightening unit; 71, movable arm ; 711, movable base; 712, upper baffle; 713, lower baffle; 714, side plate; 72, longitudinal linear drive device; 73, rotary tightening device; 731, rotary tightening mounting seat; 732, tightening transmission seat; 733, tightening motor; 734, tightening head; 8, transverse base; 81, transverse track; 82, transverse drive motor; 91, counterweight module; 911, counterweight block; 92, pulley; 921, wheel mounting seat; 93, connecting belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. The directional words mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up", "down", "left" and "right", etc., are only reference to the directions of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional words used are used to illustrate rather than limit the invention.

[0016] like Figure 2-8As shown, an intelligent tightening device for a bolt back nut comprises a lifting bracket 3, the front side of the lifting bracket 3 is connected to a tightening base 4 by driving up and down, the front side of the tightening base 4 is installed with a positioning dial device 5 for positioning and driving the part to be tightened to rotate and a sensor positioning device 6 for identifying the tightening position, the front side of the tightening base 4 is also horizontally and laterally slidably connected with a tightening unit 7, the tightening unit 7 comprises a movable arm 71, the movable arm 71 is slidably connected to the tightening base 4, the movable arm 71 is horizontally and frontally driven and connected with a rotary tightening device 73 for tightening the back nut 2, the rotary tightening device 73 comprises a rotary tightening mounting seat 731, a tightening motor 733, a tightening transmission seat 732 and a tightening head 734, the tightening motor 733 is installed on the rotary tightening On the mounting seat 731, the rotating tightening mounting seat 731 is longitudinally and horizontally slidably connected to the movable arm 71, the tightening head 734 is rotatably connected to the tightening transmission seat 732, and the tightening transmission seat 732 is fixed at the front end of the rotating tightening mounting seat 731. A tightening transmission assembly is installed on the tightening transmission seat 732, and the tightening transmission assembly is transmission-connected to the tightening motor 733 and the tightening head 734. The tightening transmission seat 732 is horizontally extended to one side of the positioning dial device 5, and the tightening head 734 is arranged backward, so as to tighten the nut (i.e., the back nut 2) on the back side of the flange connection part such as the drive axle 1. The device has high flexibility and high precision, and can realize intelligent tightening of the back side nut, which greatly improves the work efficiency and tightening quality.

[0017] Furthermore, the tightening unit 7 is horizontally and laterally slidably connected to the tightening base 4, and two tightening units 7 are symmetrically arranged on the tightening base 4 about the positioning dial device 5, thereby improving the tightening efficiency and balancing the weight on both sides of the tightening base 4, ensuring the stability and reliability of the device operation.

[0018] Furthermore, the sensor positioning device 6 includes a bridge center positioning visual sensor 61 and a bolt positioning visual sensor 62. The bridge center positioning visual sensor 61 and the bolt positioning visual sensor 62 are respectively arranged directly below and directly above the positioning dial device 5, and can accurately and quickly identify the specification information and position information of the parts to be tightened, thereby providing accurate data support for subsequent operations.

[0019] Furthermore, a transverse moving base 8 is provided at the lower side of the lifting bracket 3, and the lifting bracket 3 is laterally slidably connected to the transverse moving base 8, so that the lifting bracket 3 and its upper components can be laterally moved as a whole, which can be used for early positioning and subsequent transverse position fine-tuning, so that the device can be moved laterally according to actual needs, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of operation.

[0020] Specifically, a transverse rail 81 and a transverse rack are fixedly connected to the transverse base 8, the lifting bracket 3 is laterally slidably connected to the transverse rail 81, and a transverse drive motor 82 is installed on the lifting bracket 3. The transverse drive motor 82 is arranged downward, and the output end is connected to a transverse drive gear, which is meshed and connected to the transverse rack, thereby realizing the transverse adjustment of the lifting bracket 3; and two transverse rails 81 are arranged in parallel to improve stability, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the lifting bracket 3 during transverse movement.

[0021] Specifically, the upgrade bracket is fixedly connected with a lifting guide rail 311 and a lifting rack, the tightening base 4 is fixedly connected with a lifting drive motor, the output end of the lifting drive motor is connected with a lifting drive gear, and the lifting drive gear is meshed and connected to the lifting rack, so as to realize the vertical adjustment of the tightening base 4; and the lifting guide rail 311 is also arranged symmetrically on the left and right to improve the lifting stability; in addition, the lifting guide rail 311 includes a T-shaped limit block to prevent the tightening base 4 from flipping to the front side, so that the tightening base 4 can be stably adjusted in the vertical direction, while preventing the occurrence of unexpected situations such as flipping.

[0022] The lifting bracket 3 includes a box-shaped frame 31, a lifting support plate 32 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the box-shaped frame, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 33 are connected between the lifting support plate 32 and the box-shaped frame 31. The reinforcing ribs 33 are arranged on the front and rear sides of the box-shaped frame 31 to further improve the stability of the lifting bracket 3 and ensure the accuracy of the movement of the components. Furthermore, a counterweight module 91 for balancing the weight is arranged on the rear side of the lifting bracket 3. The counterweight module 91 includes a plurality of counterweight blocks 911. A wheel mounting seat 921 is installed on the upper side of the box-shaped frame of the lifting bracket 3. A pulley 92 is rotatably connected to the wheel mounting seat 921. A connecting belt 93 is connected to the pulley 92. The two ends of the connecting belt 93 are respectively connected to the tightening base 4 and the counterweight module 91, and the counterweight module 91 can be adjusted according to the weight on the front tightening base 4 so that the weight on both sides is close, thereby facilitating the reduction of the working pressure of the lifting drive motor.

[0023] Specifically, the positioning dial device 5 includes a chuck assembly 51 and a rotation drive device, the chuck assembly 51 is rotatably connected to the tightening base 4, the chuck assembly 51 extends to the front side of the tightening base 4, the tightening base 4 also adopts a box-type structure, and its rotation drive device is installed and fixed in the internal space of the tightening base 4, centrally arranged, and drivingly connected to the chuck assembly 51; specifically, the chuck assembly 51 adopts a triangular chuck, and the tightening head 734 is parallel to the axis of the triangular chuck; in addition, a positioning inner hole 11 is provided at the end of the drive bridge 1, and the chuck assembly 51 also adopts a pneumatic and internal support structure, which can support the positioning inner hole 11, so that the positioning dial device 5 can stably drive the parts to be tightened to rotate and position. Furthermore, a rotating base 52 is provided at the rear side of the chuck assembly 51, and a longitudinal feed drive device 53 is installed on the rotating base 52. The output end of the longitudinal feed drive device 53 is connected to the chuck assembly 51, and the output end of the rotating drive device is connected to the rotating base 52, thereby realizing the longitudinal position adjustment of the chuck assembly 51, which is convenient for quickly positioning and fixing the drive axle 1.

[0024] Specifically, the movable arm 71 includes a movable base 711, which is slidably connected to the tightening base 4, and a transverse driving device is installed on the tightening base 4. Specifically, the transverse driving device can adopt an opening and closing cylinder to drive the movable base 711 to move transversely relative to the tightening base 4 through the opening and closing cylinder; the movable base 711 is fixedly connected with an upper baffle 712, a lower baffle 713 and a side plate 714, and the side plate 714 is arranged between the upper baffle 712 and the lower baffle 713, and is located on the side away from the positioning dial device 5, so as to make room for the installation of the longitudinal linear driving device 72 to drive the rotating tightening device 73 to move back and forth relative to the movable arm 71, and specifically, a cylinder drive can be adopted; the tightening transmission assembly can adopt a gear assembly to drive and connect the tightening head 734, so that the axis of the tightening head 734 and the axis of the output shaft of the tightening motor 733 are parallel to each other, and the tightening head 734 is located on the side close to the positioning dial device 5, so as to facilitate the insertion into the back nut 2 of the drive axle 1.

[0025] A bolt nut intelligent tightening method, using the above-mentioned bolt nut intelligent tightening device, comprises the following steps: S1, initial information acquisition; identifying specification information and position information of the part to be tightened by the sensor positioning device 6.

[0026] S2, connecting the parts to be tightened; connecting the parts to be tightened by the positioning dial device 5; Furthermore, if the position of the part to be tightened exceeds the positioning range of the positioning dial device 5, the lifting bracket 3 is driven to move horizontally by the transverse driving motor 82, and the lifting bracket 3 is driven to move vertically by the lifting driving motor, so that the position of the tightening part is within the positioning range of the positioning dial device 5, and the chuck assembly 51 is actively moved toward the drive axle 1 and connected to fix the drive axle 1 through the longitudinal feed driving device 53.

[0027] S3, angular positioning of the part to be tightened; the part to be tightened is driven to rotate by the positioning dial device 5 until the target back nut 2 is located on the same horizontal plane as the tightening head 734.

[0028] S4, connecting the back nut 2; driving the tightening unit 7 through the specification information and position information to align the tightening head 734 and connect it to the target back nut 2; During this process, it is necessary to first ensure that the tightening head 734 is located outside the driving axle 1 to leave enough space for the rotating tightening device 73 to move longitudinally without collision. The movable arm 71 can be driven to make the tightening head 734 located outside the driving axle 1; then the rotating tightening device 73 is longitudinally driven to move to the oblique front side of the target back nut 2, and then the movable arm 71 is driven to make the tightening head 734 located directly in front of the target back nut 2, and then the rotating tightening device 73 is longitudinally driven to make the tightening head 734 cooperate with the target back nut 2 to connect.

[0029] S5, tighten the back nut 2; tighten the back nut 2 through the tightening units 7 on both sides, align the remaining back nut 2 with the tightening head 734, and complete the tightening, thereby achieving rapid tightening of the back nut 2.

[0030] S6, continue tightening or reset and exit; if there are still back nuts 2 that have not been tightened, repeat steps S3, S4, and S5 in order from front to back, where the target back nut 2 is switched to the remaining untightened back nut 2; if all the back nuts 2 to be tightened have been tightened, reset and exit to ensure that all the back nuts 2 can be accurately tightened.

Claims

1. A bolt nut intelligent tightening device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a lifting bracket (3), the front side of which is connected to a tightening base (4) in an up-and-down driving manner, the front side of which is installed a positioning dial device (5) for positioning and driving the to-be-tightened member to rotate and a sensor positioning device (6) for identifying the tightening position, the front side of which is also connected to a tightening unit (7) in a movably manner, the tightening unit (7) comprising a movable arm (71), the movable arm (71) being slidably connected to the tightening base (4), the movable arm (71) being driven forward and backward A rotary tightening device (73) for tightening the back nut (2) is connected, the rotary tightening device (73) comprising a tightening motor (733), a tightening transmission seat (732) and a tightening head (734), a tightening transmission assembly being mounted on the tightening transmission seat (732), the tightening transmission assembly being transmission-connected to the tightening motor (733) and the tightening head (734), the tightening transmission seat (732) extending laterally toward one side of the positioning dial device (5), and the tightening head (734) being arranged rearwardly.

2. The bolt nut intelligent tightening device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two tightening units (7) are arranged symmetrically on the tightening base (4) with respect to the positioning dial device (5).

3. The bolt nut intelligent tightening device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The tightening unit (7) is horizontally and laterally slidably connected to the tightening base (4).

4. The bolt nut intelligent tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transverse displacement base (8) is provided at the lower side of the lifting bracket (3), and the lifting bracket (3) is connected to the transverse displacement base (8) in a transverse sliding manner.

5. The bolt nut intelligent tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor positioning device (6) comprises a bridge center positioning visual sensor (61) and a bolt positioning visual sensor (62).

6. The bolt nut intelligent tightening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bridge center positioning visual sensor (61) and the bolt positioning visual sensor (62) are respectively arranged on both sides of the positioning dial device (5) in the vertical direction.

7. The bolt nut intelligent tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight module (91) for balancing weight is arranged on the rear side of the lifting bracket (3), a pulley (92) is arranged on the upper side of the lifting bracket (3), a connecting belt (93) is connected to the pulley (92), and two ends of the connecting belt (93) are respectively connected to the tightening base (4) and the counterweight module (91).

8. A method for intelligent tightening of bolt nut, characterized in that: Using the bolt nut intelligent tightening device as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1, initial information acquisition; identifying specification information and position information of the part to be tightened by means of a sensor positioning device (6); S2, connecting the parts to be tightened; connecting the parts to be tightened by means of the positioning dial device (5); S3, angular positioning of the part to be tightened; driving the part to be tightened to rotate by the positioning dial device (5) until the target back nut (2) is located on the moving path of the tightening head (734); S4, connecting the back nut (2); driving the tightening unit (7) through the specification information and the position information so that the tightening head (734) is aligned with and connected to the target back nut (2); S5, tightening the back nut (2); tightening the back nut (2) through the tightening unit (7) so that the remaining back nut (2) is aligned with the tightening head (734), and the tightening is completed; S6, continue tightening or reset and exit; if all the back nuts (2) to be tightened have been tightened, reset and exit, otherwise, repeat steps S3, S4, and S5, wherein the target back nut (2) is switched to the remaining untightened back nut (2).

9. The intelligent tightening method for bolt nut according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, if the position of the part to be tightened exceeds the positioning range of the positioning dial device (5), the lifting bracket (3) is driven to move horizontally and / or vertically so that the position of the tightening part is within the positioning range of the positioning dial device (5).

10. The intelligent tightening method for bolt nut according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, the rotational tightening device (73) is longitudinally driven to move to the oblique front side of the target back nut (2), and then the movable arm (71) is driven to make the tightening head (734) be located directly in front of the target back nut (2), and then the rotational tightening device (73) is longitudinally driven to make the tightening head (734) cooperate with and connect to the target back nut (2).

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