TOPCon battery with transparent conducting layer and preparation method of TOPCon battery

Abstract

The invention provides a TOPCon cell with a transparent conductive layer and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of solar cells, the TOPCon cell comprises a semiconductor substrate, a tunneling layer is arranged on a first surface of the semiconductor substrate, a first conductive type semiconductor region is arranged on the tunneling layer, a first transparent conductive layer is arranged on the first conductive type semiconductor region, and a second transparent conductive layer is arranged on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate. A second conductive type semiconductor region is arranged on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate; a second passive film is arranged on the second conductive type semiconductor region; a second transparent conductive layer is arranged on the second passive film; a second electrode is arranged on the second transparent conductive layer; the first electrode and the second electrode are both made of non-silver conductive paste. According to the invention, traditional silver paste is replaced by the non-silver paste conductive paste, so that the use of silver is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the TOPCon battery is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a TOPCon cell with a transparent conductive layer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] TOPCon solar cells have significant advantages in terms of efficiency, stability, attenuation performance, bifaciality, environmental protection, cost and reliability. They are an efficient, reliable and environmentally friendly battery technology in the photovoltaic field. At present, the metallization process is crucial in the preparation of TOPCon solar cells, and the industry mostly uses printed silver paste electrodes. As the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, the silver paste electrodes are responsible for collecting the current generated by the photoelectric effect and transmitting it to the external circuit.

[0003] As the market share of TOPCon batteries has increased in recent years, the demand for silver paste electrodes has also been increasing, resulting in a tight supply of silver paste in the market and pushing up the price of silver paste. The main component of silver paste is silver powder, and silver, as a precious metal, is relatively expensive in itself, thus increasing the manufacturing cost of TOPCon batteries. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer and a preparation method thereof, which are used to solve the technical problem that most current TOPCon batteries use silver paste electrodes and have high manufacturing costs.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer, comprising: a semiconductor substrate, a tunneling layer is arranged on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate, a first conductive type semiconductor region is arranged on the tunneling layer, a first transparent conductive layer is arranged on the first conductive type semiconductor region, a first electrode is arranged on the first transparent conductive layer, a second conductive type semiconductor region is arranged on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate, a second passivation film is arranged on the second conductive type semiconductor region, a second transparent conductive layer is arranged on the second passivation film, a second electrode is arranged on the second transparent conductive layer, and the first electrode and the second electrode are both made of non-silver paste conductive paste.

[0006] Preferably, the non-silver paste conductive paste includes but is not limited to silver-coated copper paste, silver-coated nickel paste, silver-coated aluminum paste, and copper paste.

[0007] Preferably, the preparation materials of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer include any one or a combination of at least two of indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc aluminum oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, indium titanium oxide, indium tungsten oxide, and gallium-doped zinc oxide, and the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer are prepared by at least one method selected from the group consisting of magnetron sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, printing, and electron beam evaporation.

[0008] The present invention discloses a method for preparing a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer, which is used for preparing the above-mentioned TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer, comprising a tunneling layer forming operation of forming a tunneling layer on a first surface of a semiconductor substrate, a first conductive type semiconductor region forming operation of forming a first conductive type semiconductor region on the tunneling layer, a first transparent conductive layer forming operation of forming a first transparent conductive layer on the first conductive type semiconductor region, a first electrode forming operation of forming a first electrode on the first transparent conductive layer, a second conductive type semiconductor region forming operation of forming a second conductive type semiconductor region by doping impurities of a second conductive type into a second surface of the semiconductor substrate, a second passivation film forming operation of forming a second passivation film on the second conductive type semiconductor region, a second transparent conductive layer forming operation of forming a second transparent conductive layer on the second passivation film, and a second electrode forming operation of forming a second electrode on the second transparent conductive layer.

[0009] Preferably, the first electrode forming operation and the second electrode forming operation include laser sintering the non-silver paste conductive paste by LECO technology.

[0010] Preferably, the laser sintering process uses laser-assisted sintering equipment.

[0011] Preferably, in the first electrode formation operation, one or more methods selected from the group consisting of printing, electroplating, sputtering, spraying, coating, rolling, and roll printing are used to prepare a first transparent conductive layer on the first surface using a non-silver paste conductive paste, and heat treatment is performed on the non-silver paste conductive paste.

[0012] Preferably, the heat treatment temperature is 200-600°C.

[0013] Preferably, in the second electrode formation operation, one or more methods selected from the group consisting of printing, electroplating, sputtering, spraying, coating, rolling, and roll printing are used to prepare a second transparent conductive layer on the second surface using a non-silver paste conductive paste, and heat treatment is performed on the non-silver paste conductive paste.

[0014] Preferably, the heat treatment temperature is 200-600°C.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention provides a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer and a preparation method thereof, which relates to the technical field of solar cells. The TOPCon battery includes a semiconductor substrate, a tunneling layer is arranged on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate, a first conductive type semiconductor region is arranged on the tunneling layer, a first transparent conductive layer is arranged on the first conductive type semiconductor region, a first electrode is arranged on the first transparent conductive layer, a second conductive type semiconductor region is arranged on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate, a second passivation film is arranged on the second conductive type semiconductor region, a second transparent conductive layer is arranged on the second passivation film, a second electrode is arranged on the second transparent conductive layer, and the first electrode and the second electrode are both made of non-silver paste conductive paste. In the present invention, the first electrode and the second electrode are both made of non-silver paste conductive paste, and the non-silver paste conductive paste replaces the traditional silver paste, thereby reducing the use of silver and reducing the manufacturing cost of the TOPCon battery.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the devices particularly pointed out in the written description and the drawings of the description.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screen printing equipment in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at center;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive box in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0024] In the figure: 1, semiconductor substrate; 2, tunneling layer; 3, first conductive type semiconductor region; 4, first transparent conductive layer; 5, first electrode; 6, second conductive type semiconductor region; 7, second passivation film; 8, second transparent conductive layer; 9, second electrode; 10, shell; 11, placement port; 12, support platform; 13, screw; 14, drive motor; 15, slide; 16, moving seat; 17, card board; 18, connecting plate; 19, printing screen; 20, electric push rod; 21, slurry coating plate; 22, scraper; 23, slurry chamber; 24, slurry storage box; 25, discharge pump; 26, drive box; 27, fixed plate; 28, sliding plate; 29, drive plate; 30, connecting spring; 31, moving block; 32, compression spring; 33, sealing plate; 34, reset spring; 35, collection box; 36, guide block; 37, recovery pipe; 38, pump body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0027] The embodiment of the present invention provides a TOPCon battery having a transparent conductive layer, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a semiconductor substrate 1, a tunneling layer 2 is arranged on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate 1, a first conductive type semiconductor region 3 is arranged on the tunneling layer 2, a first transparent conductive layer 4 is arranged on the first conductive type semiconductor region 3, a first electrode 5 is arranged on the first transparent conductive layer 4, a second conductive type semiconductor region 6 is arranged on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate 1, a second passivation film 7 is arranged on the second conductive type semiconductor region 6, a second transparent conductive layer 8 is arranged on the second passivation film 7, a second electrode 9 is arranged on the second transparent conductive layer 8, and the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 9 are both made of non-silver paste conductive paste;

[0028] Non-silver conductive pastes include but are not limited to silver-coated copper paste, silver-coated nickel paste, silver-coated aluminum paste, and copper paste;

[0029] The preparation materials of the first transparent conductive layer 4 and the second transparent conductive layer 8 include any one or a combination of at least two of indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc aluminum oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, indium titanium oxide, indium tungsten oxide, and gallium-doped zinc oxide. The first transparent conductive layer 4 and the second transparent conductive layer 8 are both prepared by at least one method selected from the group consisting of magnetron sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, printing, and electron beam evaporation.

[0030] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: In the present invention, the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 9 are both made of non-silver conductive paste, and the non-silver conductive paste includes but is not limited to silver-coated copper paste, silver-coated nickel paste, silver-coated aluminum paste, and copper paste. The non-silver conductive paste replaces the traditional silver paste, thereby reducing the use of silver;

[0031] Preferably, the non-silver conductive paste can use silver-coated copper paste. The market price of high-priced silver paste in 2024 is about 8,230 yuan / Kg. Silver-coated copper paste is about 2,500-2,800 yuan / Kg cheaper than silver paste. Taking a 182*183.75mm rectangular battery cell as an example, the mass of silver paste required for the first surface is about 40mg, and the mass of silver paste required for the second surface is about 40mg. Its power is about 8.4W, that is, the cost per watt is saved by 0.2-0.224 yuan / W. It can be seen that the use of non-silver conductive paste can save the use of metallic silver, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of TOPCon batteries;

[0032] A first transparent conductive layer 4 is arranged on the first conductive type semiconductor region 3, and a second transparent conductive layer 8 is arranged on the second passivation film 7. The first transparent conductive layer 4 and the second transparent conductive layer 8 are prepared by at least one method selected from the group consisting of magnetron sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, printing, and electron beam evaporation. The materials used to prepare the first transparent conductive layer 4 and the second transparent conductive layer 8 include any one or a combination of at least two of indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc aluminum oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, indium titanium oxide, indium tungsten oxide, and gallium-doped zinc oxide. After photogenerated carriers are generated inside the battery, they can be laterally conducted to the electrodes of the battery through the first transparent conductive layer 4 and the second transparent conductive layer 8 to form a current output. By providing the first transparent conductive layer 4 and the second transparent conductive layer 8, the first electrode 5 will not be in direct contact with the first conductive type semiconductor region 3, and the second electrode 9 will not be in direct contact with the second conductive type semiconductor region 6, thereby avoiding the generation of an interface state at the interface caused by the contact between the metal and the semiconductor, ensuring the effective transmission of carriers, and avoiding the accumulation and recombination of carriers at the interface.

[0033] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for preparing a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer, including a tunneling layer 2 forming operation of forming a tunneling layer 2 on a first surface of a semiconductor substrate 1, a first conductive type semiconductor region 3 forming operation of forming a first conductive type semiconductor region 3 on the tunneling layer 2, a first transparent conductive layer 4 forming operation of forming a first transparent conductive layer 4 on the first conductive type semiconductor region 3, a first electrode 5 forming operation of forming a first electrode 5 on the first transparent conductive layer 4, a second conductive type semiconductor region 6 forming operation of forming a second conductive type semiconductor region 6 by doping impurities of the second conductive type into the second surface of the semiconductor substrate 1, a second passivation film 7 forming operation of forming a second passivation film 7 on the second conductive type semiconductor region 6, a second transparent conductive layer 8 forming operation of forming a second transparent conductive layer 8 on the second passivation film 7, and a second electrode 9 forming operation of forming a second electrode 9 on the second transparent conductive layer 8.

[0034] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: first prepare a semiconductor substrate 1, and the semiconductor substrate 1 can be a silicon substrate; then prepare a tunneling layer 2, a first conductive type semiconductor region 3, a first conductive layer and a first electrode 5 in sequence on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate 1, and prepare a second conductive type semiconductor region 6, a second passivation film 7, a second transparent conductive layer 8 and a second electrode 9 in sequence on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate 1. The first electrode 5 and the second electrode 9 are both prepared by non-silver conductive paste, and the non-silver conductive paste includes but is not limited to silver-coated copper paste, silver-coated nickel paste, silver-coated aluminum paste, and copper paste. By replacing traditional silver paste with non-silver conductive paste, the use of silver is reduced, thereby reducing the preparation cost of the TOPCon battery.

[0035] In one embodiment, the first electrode 5 forming operation and the second electrode 9 forming operation include laser sintering the non-silver conductive paste by LECO technology;

[0036] The laser sintering process uses laser-assisted sintering equipment.

[0037] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: by laser sintering the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 9 with laser assisted sintering equipment, the battery efficiency can be improved and the production cost can be reduced.

[0038] In one embodiment, in the operation of forming the first electrode 5, one or more methods selected from printing, electroplating, sputtering, spraying, coating, rolling, and roll printing are used to prepare the first transparent conductive layer 4 on the first surface using a non-silver paste conductive paste, and heat treatment is performed on the non-silver paste conductive paste at a heat treatment temperature of 200-600° C.

[0039] In the operation of forming the second electrode 9, one or more methods including printing, electroplating, sputtering, spraying, coating, rolling, and roll printing are used to prepare the second transparent conductive layer 8 on the second surface using a non-silver paste conductive paste, and heat treatment is performed on the non-silver paste conductive paste at a heat treatment temperature of 200-600°C.

[0040] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: the first electrode 5 can be prepared by using a non-silver conductive paste on the first transparent conductive layer 4 on the first surface by one or more methods including printing, electroplating, sputtering, spraying, coating, rolling, and roll printing; the second electrode 9 can be prepared by using a non-silver conductive paste on the second transparent conductive layer 8 on the second surface by one or more methods including printing, electroplating, sputtering, spraying, coating, rolling, and roll printing; and the non-silver conductive paste is sintered, and the sintering temperature is set according to the material of the non-silver conductive paste. Preferably, the non-silver conductive paste adopts silver-coated copper paste, and the sintering temperature ranges from 200 to 600°C.

[0041] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 9 can be prepared by screen printing equipment, and the screen printing equipment includes a shell 10, a placement port 11 is arranged on one side of the shell 10, a support platform 12 is arranged in the shell 10, a screw 13 is arranged above the support platform 12, one end of the screw 13 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell 10, and the other end of the screw 13 extends to the outside of the shell 10 and is connected to the output end of the drive motor 14, a slide 15 is arranged on the screw 13, and the slide 15 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the screw 13 through a connecting hole, and the bottom of the slide 15 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the support platform 12, and a moving seat 16 is arranged on the slide 15, and a positioning hole is opened on the upper surface of the moving seat 16, and the positioning hole is used to place the battery sheet to be printed with non-silver conductive paste. A screen frame is arranged above the screw rod 13, and the screen frame includes two front-to-back symmetrical card plates 17, the card plates 17 are connected to the upper surface of the support platform 12 through support columns, and the left and right ends of the two card plates 17 are connected by connecting plates 18 respectively, and support bars are arranged on one side of the two card plates 17 close to each other, and a printing screen 19 is placed on the two support bars, and the height of the upper surface of the connecting plate 18 does not exceed the height of the upper surface of the printing screen 19, and the height of the lower surface of the connecting plate 18 is not lower than the height of the lower surface of the printing screen 19, and the height of the lower surface of the printing screen 19 is higher than the height of the upper surface of the battery cell to be printed with non-silver conductive paste, and a slurry coating mechanism is arranged in the shell 10, and the slurry coating mechanism is used to apply non-silver conductive paste on the printing screen 19.

[0042] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: taking the preparation of the first electrode 5 as an example, when preparing the first electrode 5, first take the battery cell to be printed with the non-silver paste conductive paste, and place the first transparent conductive layer 4 of the battery cell upward in the positioning hole of the movable seat 16 through the placement port 11, and then start the drive motor 14, the drive motor 14 rotates to drive the screw 13 to rotate, the screw 13 rotates to drive the slide 15 to slide on the support platform 12, and the slide 15 drives the movable seat 16 to move toward the printing screen 19 until the battery cell moves to the bottom of the printing screen 19, the lower surface of the printing screen 19 is in contact with the upper surface of the battery cell, and then the non-silver paste conductive paste is evenly applied on the printing screen 19 by the slurry coating mechanism, so as to print and obtain the first electrode 5, and then the drive motor 14 is reversed to make the slide 15 move toward the placement port 11. The mobile seat 16 moves to the placement port 11, and the battery cell can be taken out from the positioning hole; the front and rear sides of the printing screen 19 are supported by two support bars, so that the printing screen 19 can be detachably installed between the two card boards 17, and the left and right ends of the printing screen 19 are limited by the connecting plate 18 to prevent the printing screen 19 from shaking during the printing process, thereby improving the printing quality. The height of the lower surface of the printing screen 19 is higher than the height of the upper surface of the battery cell to be printed with the non-silver paste conductive paste, so that there is a gap between the lower surface of the printing screen 19 and the upper surface of the battery cell to be printed with the non-silver paste conductive paste, which is convenient for printing the first electrode 5. The printing screen 19 is located between the two card boards 17, which can keep the distance between the printing screen 19 and the battery cell unchanged, thereby improving the consistency of printing the first electrode 5, thereby meeting the requirement of resistance consistency.

[0043] In one embodiment, Figure 2-Figure 4As shown, the slurry coating mechanism includes an electric push rod 20, which is located above the moving seat 16, one end of the electric push rod 20 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 10, and a slurry coating plate 21 is arranged at the output end of the electric push rod 20, and the electric push rod 20 is used to push the slurry coating plate 21 to move axially along the screw 13, the lower end of the slurry coating plate 21 is located above the printing screen 19, and a scraper 22 is arranged on one side wall of the slurry coating plate 21 close to the placement port 11, and the lower surface of the scraper 22 is on the same horizontal plane as the upper surface of the printing screen 19, and a slurry coating plate 21 is arranged inside. The material cavity 23, a slurry storage box 24 is arranged outside the shell 10, a discharge pump 25 is arranged on the shell 10, the input end of the discharge pump 25 is connected with the slurry storage box 24, and the output end of the discharge pump 25 is connected with the upper end of the slurry cavity 23 through a telescopic hose, a drive box 26 is arranged on the side of the slurry coating plate 21 away from the scraper 22, an opening is arranged at the lower end of the drive box 26, a fixed plate 27 is arranged in the drive box 26, a sliding hole is arranged in the fixed plate 27, a sliding plate 28 is arranged in the sliding hole, and the lower end of the sliding plate 28 extends to below the fixed plate 27 and is provided with a drive plate 2 9, the driving plate 29 is connected to the inner wall of the driving box 26 by sliding up and down, the upper end of the driving plate 29 is connected to the lower surface of the fixed plate 27 by a plurality of connecting springs 30, the lower end of the driving plate 29 extends to the outside of the driving box 26, the longitudinal section of the lower end of the driving plate 29 is semicircular, a moving block 31 is arranged above the fixed plate 27, the upper end of the moving block 31 is connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the driving box 26 by sliding left and right, the end of the moving block 31 away from the slurry coating plate 21 is connected to the inner wall of the driving box 26 by a compression spring 32, the moving block 31 is in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid, and the moving block 31 is in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid. The lower end of the sliding plate 28 is provided with an inclined surface near the side of the slurry coating plate 21, the longitudinal section of the upper end of the sliding plate 28 is semicircular, the upper end of the sliding plate 28 contacts the inclined surface of the moving block 31, the moving block 31 is provided with a sealing hole near the side of the slurry coating plate 21, a sealing plate 33 is slidably arranged in the sealing hole, the sealing plate 33 is connected to the inner wall of the sealing hole through a return spring 34, the end of the sealing plate 33 away from the return spring 34 sequentially penetrates the side wall of the driving box 26 and the side wall of the slurry coating plate 21 to extend into the slurry cavity 23, and the sealing plate 33 is sealingly and slidably connected with the penetration position.

[0044] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: initially, the driving plate 29 is located on the left side of the card plate 17, and the driving plate 29 is not in contact with the card plate 17. At this time, the sealing plate 33 is located in the slurry cavity 23, and the sealing plate 33 divides the internal space of the slurry cavity 23 into two parts. Then, according to the preset usage of the non-silver conductive slurry for preparing the first electrode 5, the non-silver conductive slurry is injected into the slurry plate 21 through the discharge pump 25, and the non-silver conductive slurry is stored on the sealing plate 33. A liquid level sensor is arranged in the slurry cavity 23, and the liquid level sensor is used to monitor the real-time liquid level of the non-silver conductive slurry on the sealing plate 33. The liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the controller outside the shell 10, and the controller is electrically connected to the discharge pump 25. The non-silver conductive slurry can be judged by the real-time liquid level. Injection amount, when the injection amount of the non-silver conductive paste reaches the preset usage amount of the non-silver conductive paste, the controller can control the discharge pump 25 to automatically stop working, thereby stopping the injection of the paste, and the non-silver conductive paste is stored in the paste cavity 23 above the sealing plate 33. Due to the fluidity of the non-silver conductive paste, the non-silver conductive paste is evenly spread on the sealing plate 33. When the battery cell moves to just below the printing screen 19, the electric push rod 20 is started, and the electric push rod 20 pushes the paste coating plate 21 to move towards the printing screen 19. The lower end of the driving plate 29 gradually contacts with the card plate 17. Since the cross-section of the lower end of the driving plate 29 is semicircular, when the driving plate 29 slides along the end, the driving plate 29 slides upward in the driving box 26, and the connecting spring 30 is gradually compressed, and the driving plate 29 is driven. The movable plate 29 drives the sliding plate 28 to slide upward, and the upper end of the sliding plate 28 contacts the moving block 31 and drives the moving block 31 to slide away from the slurry coating plate 21. The compression spring 32 is gradually compressed, and the moving block 31 drives the return spring 34 to stretch. When the lower end of the driving plate 29 slides to the upper surface of the card plate 17, the return spring 34 drives the sealing plate 33 to slide into the driving box 26, so that the non-silver conductive paste on the sealing plate 33 flows to the upper surface of the printing screen 19, and the non-silver conductive paste can be evenly spread on the printing screen 19. As the non-silver conductive paste gradually decreases, the sealing plate 33 gradually slides into the driving box 26 under the action of the return spring 34, so as to avoid the non-silver conductive paste remaining on the sealing plate 33, thereby improving the non-silver conductive paste on the printing screen 19. The consistency of the material is ensured. When the scraper 22 passes through the printing screen 19, the scraper 22 contacts the printing screen 19, and the non-silver conductive paste can be evenly scraped and flattened, so as to be printed on the battery cell to form the first electrode 5. After the printing is completed, the movable seat 16 moves to the placement port 11, and then the electric push rod 20 retracts. Under the action of the connecting spring 30, the driving plate 29 returns to its original position. Under the action of the compression spring 32, the sealing plate 33 is reinserted into the slurry cavity 23 and the slurry cavity 23 is separated. The non-silver conductive paste is automatically injected into the slurry cavity 23 according to the preset usage amount of the non-silver conductive paste, which can avoid the waste of the non-silver conductive paste and further save the preparation cost. In addition, the non-silver conductive paste is pre-stored in the slurry cavity 23, so that the non-silver conductive paste can be evenly spread on the sealing plate 33.After the sealing plate 33 is opened, the non-silver conductive paste can be evenly spread on the printing screen 19, ensuring that the non-silver conductive paste can flow down the upper surface of the front and rear ends of the printing screen 19, thereby improving the consistency of the preparation of the first electrode 5 and improving the preparation quality of the first electrode 5.

[0045] In one embodiment, chamfers are provided on upper surfaces of both left and right ends of the clamping plate 17 .

[0046] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by setting the chamfer, the wear of the lower end of the driving plate 29 can be reduced, which facilitates the contact and movement of the driving plate 29 and the card plate 17, thereby increasing the service life of the driving plate 29 and the card plate 17.

[0047] In one embodiment, Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a collecting box 35 is provided at the end of the card plate 17 away from the placement port 11, and a guide block 36 is provided in the collecting box 35. The longitudinal cross-section of the guide block 36 is a right triangle. The height of the guide block 36 close to the placement port 11 is higher than the height of the guide block 36 away from the placement port 11. The side wall of the collecting box 35 away from the placement port 11 is connected to one end of the recovery pipe 37, and the other end of the recovery pipe 37 is connected to the input end of the pump body 38, and the output end of the pump body 38 is connected to the inside of the slurry storage box 24.

[0048] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the scraper 22 can scrape the excess non-silver conductive slurry into the collecting box 35, and the non-silver conductive slurry flows along the guide block 36 and is stored in the collecting box 35, and then the pump body 38 is started to extract the non-silver conductive slurry in the collecting box 35 through the recovery pipe 37 into the slurry storage box 24, thereby realizing the recycling of the non-silver conductive slurry, reducing the waste of the non-silver conductive slurry, and further saving the preparation cost of the TOPCon battery.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0050] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A TOPCon cell with a transparent conductive layer, characterized in that: include: A semiconductor substrate (1), wherein a tunneling layer (2) is arranged on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate (1), a first conductive type semiconductor region (3) is arranged on the tunneling layer (2), a first transparent conductive layer (4) is arranged on the first conductive type semiconductor region (3), a first electrode (5) is arranged on the first transparent conductive layer (4), a second conductive type semiconductor region (6) is arranged on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate (1), a second passivation film (7) is arranged on the second conductive type semiconductor region (6), a second transparent conductive layer (8) is arranged on the second passivation film (7), a second electrode (9) is arranged on the second transparent conductive layer (8), and the first electrode (5) and the second electrode (9) are both made of non-silver conductive paste.

2. A TOPCon cell with a transparent conductive layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Non-silver conductive pastes include but are not limited to silver-coated copper paste, silver-coated nickel paste, silver-coated aluminum paste, and copper paste.

3. A TOPCon cell with a transparent conductive layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials used to prepare the first transparent conductive layer (4) and the second transparent conductive layer (8) include any one of indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc aluminum oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, indium titanium oxide, indium tungsten oxide, and gallium-doped zinc oxide, or a combination of at least two thereof. The first transparent conductive layer (4) and the second transparent conductive layer (8) are both prepared by at least one of magnetron sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, printing, and electron beam evaporation.

4. A method for preparing a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer, for preparing a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises a tunneling layer (2) forming operation of forming a tunneling layer (2) on a first surface of a semiconductor substrate (1), a first conductive type semiconductor region (3) forming operation of forming a first conductive type semiconductor region (3) on the tunneling layer (2), a first transparent conductive layer (4) forming operation of forming a first transparent conductive layer (4) on the first conductive type semiconductor region (3), a first electrode (5) forming operation of forming a first electrode (5) on the first transparent conductive layer (4), a second conductive type semiconductor region (6) forming operation of forming a second conductive type semiconductor region (6) by doping impurities of a second conductive type into a second surface of the semiconductor substrate (1), a second passivation film (7) forming operation of forming a second passivation film (7) on the second conductive type semiconductor region (6), a second transparent conductive layer (8) forming operation of forming a second transparent conductive layer (8) on the second passivation film (7), and a second electrode (9) forming operation of forming a second electrode (9) on the second transparent conductive layer (8).

5. The method for preparing a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first electrode (5) forming operation and the second electrode (9) forming operation include laser sintering the non-silver paste conductive paste by LECO technology.

6. The method for preparing a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laser sintering process uses laser-assisted sintering equipment.

7. The method for preparing a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the operation of forming the first electrode (5), one or more methods selected from the group consisting of printing, electroplating, sputtering, spraying, coating, rolling, and roll printing are used to prepare a first transparent conductive layer (4) on the first surface using a non-silver paste conductive paste, and heat treatment is performed on the non-silver paste conductive paste.

8. The method for preparing a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat treatment temperature is 200-600℃.

9. The method for preparing a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the operation of forming the second electrode (9), one or more methods selected from the group consisting of printing, electroplating, sputtering, spraying, coating, rolling, and roll printing are used to prepare a second transparent conductive layer (8) on the second surface using a non-silver paste conductive paste, and heat treatment is performed on the non-silver paste conductive paste.

10. The method for preparing a TOPCon battery with a transparent conductive layer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heat treatment temperature is 200-600℃.

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