Melted and cast explosive substitute, preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention provides a fused cast explosive substitute material, a preparation method and application, and the fused cast explosive substitute material comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 0-55% of microcrystalline wax, 0-55% of Fischer-Tropsch wax, 10-15% of light calcium carbonate, 1-4% of stearic acid, 20-44% of sodium sulfate and 8-20% of ammonium sulfate, and the sum of the mass percentages of all the components is 100%. And the mass sum of the microcrystalline wax and the Fischer-Tropsch wax accounts for 30-55% of the total mass of the fused cast explosive substitute. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the light calcium carbonate, the sodium sulfate and the ammonium sulfate according to the formula ratio into an acoustic resonance mixing container with the resonance frequency of 40-60Hz, melting and mixing for 10-30 minutes at the acceleration of 10-30g under the condition of 90-120 DEG C to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed material, then adding the microcrystalline wax and / or the Fischer-Tropsch wax and the stearic acid according to the formula ratio into the mixed material, and uniformly mixing to obtain the product. Melting and mixing for 10 to 30 minutes at the acceleration of 30 to 50g, and then mixing for 10 to 30 minutes at the acceleration of 30 to 50g, so as to obtain the product. The test results of viscosity, density and melting point of a suspension prepared by melting and mixing the substitute provided by the invention are equivalent to the thermophysical properties of a real material formula.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of molten-cast explosive substitute material, and in particular relates to a molten-cast explosive substitute material, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The melt-cast explosive process has wide applicability and can adapt to special-shaped charges. It has been widely used in warhead charges of various weapons, process design, manufacturing and weapon research and development. However, the overall viscosity of melt-cast explosives is relatively high. In the initial stage of process research, it is very dangerous to directly use the explosive formula for process testing. Therefore, in the basic scientific research and technological breakthroughs of the melt-cast process, as well as the initial trial run of equipment / production lines with materials, simulated materials with rheological properties, physical properties and other parameters that are basically consistent with the real melt-cast explosives are usually used for process testing to verify the feasibility of the process design. This simulated material is a substitute for melt-cast explosives. Using molten-cast explosive substitutes to simulate the melting, casting and solidification processes of explosives can adopt a more intuitive method to characterize the physical evolution process and change law of the material, so that researchers and technicians can obtain and optimize the processing technology of molten-cast explosives. The existing molten-cast explosive substitutes have the following main defects: high cost, low mixing efficiency of the preparation process, narrow range of controllable physical property parameters of raw material components, and are only applicable to molten-cast explosives of a single system. Therefore, it is urgent to develop molten-cast explosive substitutes that can be applied to multiple systems to reduce the testing cost of the molten-casting process and improve the testing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a molten-cast explosive substitute, a preparation method and an application thereof, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art of high testing cost of the molten-cast process and low testing efficiency due to the single adaptability of the molten-cast explosive substitute.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above problems:

[0005] A melt-cast explosive substitute comprises the following raw material components, measured by mass percentage, 0-55% of microcrystalline wax, 0-55% of Fischer-Tropsch wax, 10-15% of light calcium carbonate, 1-4% of stearic acid, 20-44% of sodium sulfate and 8-20% of ammonium sulfate, the mass percentages of the components add up to 100%, and the mass of the microcrystalline wax and the Fischer-Tropsch wax accounts for 30-55% of the total mass of the melt-cast explosive substitute.

[0006] The present invention also has the following technical features:

[0007] Specifically, the mass ratio of the sodium sulfate to the ammonium sulfate is (2-3):1, and the ammonium sulfate is sieved through a 18-28 mesh sieve.

[0008] Furthermore, the microcrystalline wax includes 80# microcrystalline wax, and the Fischer-Tropsch wax includes 90# Fischer-Tropsch wax.

[0009] Furthermore, the following raw material components are included, by mass percentage, 80# microcrystalline wax 40%, light calcium carbonate 10%, stearic acid 3%, sodium sulfate 31.3% and ammonium sulfate 15.7%.

[0010] Furthermore, the following raw material components are included, by mass percentage, 45% of 90# microcrystalline wax, 12% of light calcium carbonate, 3% of stearic acid, 30% of sodium sulfate and 10% of ammonium sulfate.

[0011] Furthermore, the melting point of the molten-cast explosive substitute is 78-84°C.

[0012] Furthermore, the melting point of the molten-cast explosive substitute is 106-112°C.

[0013] Furthermore, the process apparent viscosity of the molten explosive substitute is 50-1200 mPa·s, and the room temperature density after solidification is 1.57-1.90 g / cm 3 . .

[0014] The present invention also protects a method for preparing a melt-cast explosive substitute material, comprising taking a formula amount of light calcium carbonate, sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate, adding them into an acoustic resonance mixing container with a resonance frequency of 40 to 60 Hz, melting and mixing them at an acceleration of 10 to 30 g for 10 to 30 min at a temperature of 90 to 120° C., and obtaining a uniformly dispersed mixed material, then adding a formula amount of microcrystalline wax and / or Fischer-Tropsch wax and stearic acid into the mixed material, melting and mixing them at an acceleration of 30 to 50 g for 10 to 30 min, and then mixing them at an acceleration of 30 to 50 g for 10 to 30 min, and finally obtaining the mixed material;

[0015] The molten-cast explosive substitute comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 0-55% microcrystalline wax, 0-55% Fischer-Tropsch wax, 10-15% light calcium carbonate, 1-4% stearic acid, 20-44% sodium sulfate and 8-20% ammonium sulfate, the total percentage by mass of each component is 100%, and the sum of the mass of the microcrystalline wax and the Fischer-Tropsch wax accounts for 30-55% of the total mass of the molten-cast explosive substitute.

[0016] The present invention also protects the use of the above-mentioned molten-cast explosive substitute as a TNT-based molten-cast explosive substitute or as a DNTF-based molten-cast explosive substitute.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0018] (1) The raw materials for the molten-cast explosive substitute provided by the present invention are cheap and readily available; the viscosity, density and melting point test results of the suspension prepared after melting and mixing are comparable to the thermophysical properties of the real material formula, and can guide the flow field evolution and model verification of the molten-cast explosive charging and solidification process.

[0019] (2) The molten-cast explosive substitute provided by the present invention has a short molding cycle and the material can be reused multiple times, which can not only improve production efficiency and reduce costs, but also quickly realize multiple and mutual verification of simulation / test results.

[0020] (3) The method of the present invention has a simple preparation process and is easy to operate. The demoulding property of the charge column after solidification can be improved by adding stearic acid. The melting point and density of the melt-cast explosive substitute can be controlled by controlling the ratio of different types of microcrystalline wax. The viscosity of the mixed suspension can be controlled by adjusting the grading of sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a flow field evolution diagram of the material mixing process of Example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the effect of material melting and sufficient mixing in Example 1.

[0023] The specific contents of the present invention are further explained in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by any ordinary technician in the field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that all raw materials in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are raw materials known in the art. The resonance power of the acoustic resonance mixing container used in the present invention is 40-60 Hz, and the acceleration a is 1-100 g.

[0026] The technical concept of the present invention is: in the design of the formula of the simulated drug for melt-cast explosive, the density, viscosity, specific heat, melting point, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties similar to those of the real explosive are selected, and the melt-cast explosive substitute similar to the flow field distribution of the real explosive is designed according to the material rheological property data. In order to improve work efficiency and reduce costs, the melting point of 80# microcrystalline wax corresponds to the melting point range of TNT-based melt-cast explosives, and the melting point of 90# Fischer-Tropsch wax corresponds to the melting point range of DNTF-based melt-cast explosives. By adjusting the ratio of 80# microcrystalline wax and 90# Fischer-Tropsch wax, the preparation of a multi-system melt-cast explosive substitute with a melting point of 75 to 110°C is achieved, and at the same time, the regulation of thermal parameters such as viscosity, specific heat and melting enthalpy of the melt-cast explosive substitute can be achieved. The viscosity of the substitute material for melt-cast explosives is regulated by selecting dried light calcium carbonate, and the mechanical properties of the substitute material after solidification are improved to make it close to the real material; the demoulding property of the solidified charge of the substitute material for melt-cast explosives is improved by adding stearic acid, making it easier to separate the charge from the mold; the room temperature density of the solidified substitute material for melt-cast explosives is regulated by adding a specific ratio of ammonium sulfate and sodium sulfate to correspond to the real charge, and the viscosity and microstructure of the melt-cast explosives are similar to the real material through grading. The powder particles are slightly soluble in the carrier at a temperature higher than the melting point of the carrier of the melt-cast explosive, similar to the slight solubility of RDX and HMX in TNT, DNAN and DNTF.

[0027] The invention provides a melt-cast explosive substitute, which comprises the following raw material components, measured by mass percentage, 0-55% of microcrystalline wax, 0-55% of Fischer-Tropsch wax, 10-15% of light calcium carbonate, 1-4% of stearic acid, 20-44% of sodium sulfate and 8-20% of ammonium sulfate, the mass percentages of the components add up to 100%, and the mass of the microcrystalline wax and the Fischer-Tropsch wax accounts for 30-55% of the total mass of the melt-cast explosive substitute.

[0028] Preferably, the mass ratio of sodium sulfate to ammonium sulfate is (2-3):1.

[0029] Preferably, the microcrystalline wax includes 80# microcrystalline wax, and the Fischer-Tropsch wax includes 90# Fischer-Tropsch wax.

[0030] Preferably, when the microcrystalline wax is 80# microcrystalline wax, the melting point of the melt-cast explosive substitute is 78-84°C; when the microcrystalline wax is 90# microcrystalline wax, the melting point of the melt-cast explosive substitute is 106-112°C.

[0031] Preferably, the process apparent viscosity of the molten-cast explosive substitute is 50-1200 mPa·s, and the room temperature density after solidification is 1.57-1.90 g / cm 3 .

[0032] The present invention also protects a method for preparing a melt-cast explosive substitute material, comprising taking a formula amount of light calcium carbonate, sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate and adding them into an acoustic resonance mixing container, melting and mixing them at an acceleration of 10 to 30 g for 10 to 30 min at a temperature of 90 to 120° C., and obtaining a uniformly dispersed mixed material; adding a formula amount of microcrystalline wax and / or Fischer-Tropsch wax and stearic acid into the mixed material, melting and mixing them at an acceleration of 30 to 50 g for 10 to 30 min at a temperature of 90 to 120° C., and then mixing them at an acceleration of 30 to 50 g for 10 to 30 min, and then obtaining the mixed material;

[0033] The material mixing in the present invention is divided into three stages. The first stage is mixed with a small acceleration to accelerate the flow and heat exchange of the initially molten carrier to promote the melting of the low-melting-point carrier; the second stage is mixed with a medium acceleration to premix the molten carrier with the powder particles to increase the heating area of ​​the molten-cast carrier; the third stage is mixed with a large acceleration to provide a uniform flow field and force for the full mixing of the completely molten carrier and the powder particles, thereby ultimately improving the efficiency of the mixing process.

[0034] The molten-cast explosive substitute comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 0-55% microcrystalline wax, 0-55% Fischer-Tropsch wax, 10-15% light calcium carbonate, 1-4% stearic acid, 20-44% sodium sulfate and 8-20% ammonium sulfate, the total percentage by mass of each component is 100%, and the sum of the mass of the microcrystalline wax and the Fischer-Tropsch wax accounts for 30-55% of the total mass of the molten-cast explosive substitute.

[0035] In the present invention: microcrystalline wax was purchased from Hebei Cangzhou Forest Wax Industry, and Fischer-Tropsch wax was purchased from Inner Mongolia Yitai Chemical Co., Ltd. Density test refers to the liquid static weighing method of method 401.2 in national standard "GJB772A-97", melting point test refers to differential scanning calorimetry method of method 411.3 in national standard "GJB772A-97", and viscosity test refers to the rotational viscometer method in "GB / T22235-2008".

[0036] The technical terms involved in the present invention are explained as follows:

[0037] Process apparent viscosity: refers to the apparent viscosity of the material in the temperature range of 1°C below the melting point to 50°C above the melting point.

[0038] Specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical solution of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] In accordance with the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a melt-cast explosive substitute, which includes the following raw material components, by mass percentage, 40% of 80# microcrystalline wax, 10% of light calcium carbonate, 3% of stearic acid, 31.3% of sodium sulfate and 15.7% of ammonium sulfate.

[0041] The preparation method is as follows: light calcium carbonate, sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate in a formula amount are added into an acoustic resonance mixing container with a resonance frequency of 50 Hz, and melt-mixed at 95° C. with an acceleration of 20 g for 10 minutes to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed material; microcrystalline wax and / or Fischer-Tropsch wax and stearic acid in a formula amount are added into the mixed material, and melt-mixed at 95° C. with an acceleration of 30 g for 10 minutes and then with an acceleration of 50 g for 10 minutes to obtain the mixed material;

[0042] In this embodiment, during the preparation process, the flow field distribution of three-stage mixing was obtained, and the results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the physical picture of the mixed material is as follows Figure 2 As shown. Figure 1 It can be seen from the figure that: under the small acceleration condition in the first stage, vortices are generated from the bottom of the mixing system; under the medium acceleration condition in the second stage, the molten carrier and the powder particles are completely melted and pre-mixed; under the large acceleration condition in the third stage, the flow field is uniform. Figure 2 It can be seen that the raw material components have been completely melted and fully mixed.

[0043] The performance test results of the molten-cast explosive substitute prepared in this embodiment are as follows: the melting point is 81.2°C; the process apparent viscosity measured at 95°C is 244 mPa·s; the room temperature density after solidification is 1.71 g / cm 3 .

[0044] The relevant test parameters of TNT-based melt-cast explosives are: melting point 78-82°C, process apparent viscosity 150-980 mPa·s, room temperature density after solidification 1.62-1.82 g / cm 3 .

[0045] The performance parameters of the molten-cast explosive substitute prepared in this embodiment all fall within the test parameter range of TNT-based molten-cast explosives, indicating that the molten-cast explosive substitute prepared in this embodiment can be used as a TNT-based molten-cast explosive substitute.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The present embodiment provides a molten-cast explosive substitute, which includes the following raw material components, by mass percentage, 35% of 80# microcrystalline wax, 13% of light calcium carbonate, 4% of stearic acid, 32% of sodium sulfate and 16% of ammonium sulfate.

[0048] In this embodiment, the preparation process of the molten-cast explosive substitute is the same as that in Example 1.

[0049] After testing, the performance of the molten-cast explosive substitute prepared in this embodiment is similar to that of TNT-based molten-cast explosive.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] In accordance with the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a molten-cast explosive substitute, which includes the following raw material components, by mass percentage, 45% 90# Fischer-Tropsch wax, 12% light calcium carbonate, 3% stearic acid, 30% sodium sulfate and 10% ammonium sulfate.

[0052] The preparation method is as follows: light calcium carbonate, sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate in a formula amount are added into an acoustic resonance mixing container with a resonance frequency of 50 Hz, and melt-mixed at an acceleration of 20 g for 15 minutes at 120° C. to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed material; microcrystalline wax and / or Fischer-Tropsch wax and stearic acid in a formula amount are added into the mixed material, and melt-mixed at an acceleration of 30 g for 15 minutes, and then mixed at an acceleration of 50 g for 10 minutes to obtain the obtained material;

[0053] The performance test results of the molten-cast explosive substitute prepared in this embodiment are as follows: the melting point is 107.9°C, the process apparent viscosity measured at a temperature of 120°C is 375 mPa·s; the room temperature density after solidification is 1.66 g / cm 3 .

[0054] The relevant test parameters of DNTF-based melt-cast explosives are: melting point of 102-110°C, process apparent viscosity of 200-1550 mPa·s, and room temperature density after solidification of 1.65-1.90 g / cm 3 .

[0055] The performance parameters of the molten-cast explosive substitute prepared in this embodiment all fall within the test parameter range of DNTF-based molten-cast explosives, indicating that the molten-cast explosive substitute prepared in this embodiment can be used as a DNTF-based molten-cast explosive substitute.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] The present embodiment provides a molten-cast explosive substitute, which comprises the following raw material components, by mass percentage, 35% of 90# Fischer-Tropsch wax, 12% of light calcium carbonate, 2% of stearic acid, 34% of sodium sulfate and 17% of ammonium sulfate.

[0058] In this embodiment, the preparation process of the molten-cast explosive substitute is the same as that in Example 1.

[0059] After testing, the performance of the molten-cast explosive substitute prepared in this embodiment is similar to that of DNTF-based molten-cast explosive.

[0060] From Example 1 to Example 4, it can be seen that:

[0061] The performance data of the molten-cast explosive substitute prepared by the present invention are similar to those of the real molten-cast explosive, indicating that the molten-cast explosive simulation material of the present invention can completely simulate the mixing, charging, curing and finishing processes of the corresponding molten-cast explosive.

[0062] Comparative Example 1

[0063] This comparative example provides a molten-cast explosive substitute for molten-cast explosive process testing, which includes the following raw material components, measured in mass percentage, 8% 80# microcrystalline wax, 3.08% terminal hydroxyl polyether, 86.6% talcum powder, 2.17% polyvinyl chloride, and 0.15% color indicator, wherein the polyvinyl chloride is in powder form, and the molecular weight of the terminal hydroxyl polyether is 1500-2000. Its preparation process is as follows: add 58# microcrystalline wax, terminal hydroxyl polybutadiene, and color indicator into a high-speed rotating mixer, melt and disperse at 100°C and 1000±5r / min, mix for 15 minutes, and form a uniformly dispersed mixture; continue to add sodium sulfate and polyvinyl chloride into the high-speed rotating mixer, mix at 100°C and 300±5r / min for 60 minutes to form a molten-cast explosive simulation material, collect and set aside.

[0064] The performance test results of the melt-cast explosive substitute prepared in this comparative example are as follows: the melting point is 100°C, and the process apparent viscosity measured at a temperature of 95°C is 831 Pa·s.

[0065] It can be seen from the test results that the performance of the melt-cast explosive substitute prepared in this comparative example is far from that of the DNTF-based melt-cast explosive, and is not suitable for the simulation of DNTF-based melt-cast explosives and cannot be used as a substitute for DNTF-based melt-cast explosives.

[0066] In addition, compared with Example 1, the material cost used in this comparative example is higher and the mixing process efficiency is low.

[0067] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0068] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A molten-cast explosive substitute, characterized in that: The raw material components include, by mass percentage, 0-55% of microcrystalline wax, 0-55% of Fischer-Tropsch wax, 10-15% of light calcium carbonate, 1-4% of stearic acid, 20-44% of sodium sulfate and 8-20% of ammonium sulfate, the mass percentages of each component add up to 100%, and the mass of the microcrystalline wax and Fischer-Tropsch wax accounts for 30-55% of the total mass of the melt-cast explosive substitute.

2. The molten-cast explosive substitute according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the sodium sulfate to the ammonium sulfate is (2-3):1, and the ammonium sulfate is sieved through a 18-28 mesh sieve.

3. The molten-cast explosive substitute as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The microcrystalline wax includes 80# microcrystalline wax, and the Fischer-Tropsch wax includes 90# Fischer-Tropsch wax.

4. The molten-cast explosive substitute as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, the raw material components include 40% of 80# microcrystalline wax, 10% of light calcium carbonate, 3% of stearic acid, 31.3% of sodium sulfate and 15.7% of ammonium sulfate.

5. The molten-cast explosive substitute as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 45% of 90# microcrystalline wax, 12% of light calcium carbonate, 3% of stearic acid, 30% of sodium sulfate and 10% of ammonium sulfate.

6. The molten-cast explosive substitute as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The melting point of the molten-cast explosive substitute is 78-84°C.

7. The molten-cast explosive substitute as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The melting point of the molten-cast explosive substitute is 106-112°C.

8. The molten-cast explosive substitute according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process apparent viscosity of the molten-cast explosive substitute is 50-1200 mpa·s, and the room temperature density after solidification is 1.57-1.90 g / cm 3 .

9. A method for preparing a molten-cast explosive substitute, characterized in that: Take the formulated amount of light calcium carbonate, sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate and add them into an acoustic resonance mixing container with a resonance frequency of 40 to 60 Hz, melt and mix them at an acceleration of 10 to 30 g for 10 to 30 min at 90 to 120° C. to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed material, then add the formulated amount of microcrystalline wax and / or Fischer-Tropsch wax and stearic acid into the mixed material, melt and mix them at an acceleration of 30 to 50 g for 10 to 30 min, and then mix them at an acceleration of 30 to 50 g for 10 to 30 min, to obtain the obtained material; The molten-cast explosive substitute comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 0-55% microcrystalline wax, 0-55% Fischer-Tropsch wax, 10-15% light calcium carbonate, 1-4% stearic acid, 20-44% sodium sulfate and 8-20% ammonium sulfate, the total percentage by mass of each component is 100%, and the sum of the mass of the microcrystalline wax and the Fischer-Tropsch wax accounts for 30-55% of the total mass of the molten-cast explosive substitute.

10. Use of the molten-cast explosive substitute according to any one of claims 1 to 8 as a TNT-based molten-cast explosive substitute or as a DNTF-based molten-cast explosive substitute.

Images