Composite stand column device of machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to a composite stand column device of a machine tool. The vertical column comprises a vertical column body, a first vertical column faces and b second vertical column faces which are arranged on the vertical column body, c lifting driving mechanisms and d vertical rails which are arranged on the first vertical column faces, and main shaft supporting plates which are arranged at the moving ends of the lifting driving mechanisms and are connected to the vertical rails in a sliding mode. Wherein a > = 2, b > = 0, c > = 1, and d > = 1; the peripheral wall of the stand column body is defined by the a first stand column faces and the b second stand column faces, the connecting line between the moving ends of the lifting driving mechanisms on the two first stand column faces forms an oblique line, and the oblique line is not parallel to and / or tangent to the two first stand column faces. The double / multi-face driving structure is arranged on the stand column body, so that the problems that the stand column body is poor in bearing capacity, unstable in single-side stress and prone to single-side inclination and deformation due to a single-face driving structure of an existing device are solved, and the double-face driving device has the effect of guaranteeing the moving stability of a main shaft and the machining quality of a machine tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a composite column device for machine tools. Background Art

[0002] The machine tool column is an important structural part of the machine tool, which plays the role of up and down movement and support of the machine tool. The most common material of the machine tool column is HT250, which has good strength, wear resistance, heat resistance, good vibration reduction, and excellent casting performance. It requires artificial aging treatment. In addition, HT200, HT300, ductile iron, and / or resin concrete are also frequently used, depending on different work requirements. At the same time, the column is an important component connecting the bed, spindle and tool magazine, and its load-bearing capacity directly affects the processing quality of the workpiece.

[0003] A Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN201833181U discloses a composite column device for a CNC machine tool, including a composite column, a top beam, and a bed. The composite column is fixedly connected to the top beam and the bed with fasteners respectively. The guide rails of the composite column are connected to the crossbeam and the column saddle. The composite column is movably connected to the crossbeam through a column crossbeam screw drive device and to the column saddle through a column saddle screw drive device; the column saddle is provided with a transverse movable guide rail and a saddle transverse screw drive device, and the saddle transverse screw drive device is movably connected to the transverse saddle; the column crossbeam screw drive device, the column saddle screw drive device, and the saddle transverse screw drive device are all connected to an electrical CNC device.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art solution has the following defects: the above-mentioned CNC machine tool is provided with two parallel screws at the composite column to form a composite column device, which can respectively drive the crossbeam and the column saddle to move up and down, and a variety of horizontal spindle devices can be installed in the column saddle; that is, the horizontal spindle device and the composite column device of the above-mentioned machine tool are a single-sided drive structure with poor bearing capacity. After long-term use, due to the repeated impact of the spindle processing feed on the composite column device, the unilateral force of the composite column at the guide rail is aggravated, thereby causing the composite column to tilt and deform toward one side of the guide rail, which not only affects the movement stability of the spindle, but also leads to a decrease in the processing accuracy of the workpiece. Utility Model Content

[0005] The problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a composite column device for a machine tool in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art. By arranging a double / multi-sided driving structure on the column body, the problems of the existing device caused by the single-sided driving structure, such as poor bearing capacity of the column body, unstable force on one side, and easy tilting and deformation on one side, are solved. The utility model has the effect of ensuring the moving stability of the spindle and the processing quality of the machine tool.

[0006] The above utility model object of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A composite column device for a machine tool comprises a column body, a first column surfaces and b second column surfaces arranged on the column body, c lifting drive mechanisms and d vertical rails arranged on the first column surfaces, and a spindle support plate arranged at the movable ends of the lifting drive mechanisms and slidably connected to the vertical rails; wherein a≥2, b≥0, c≥1, d≥1; the a first column surfaces and the b second column surfaces enclose a peripheral wall of the column body, wherein a connecting line between the movable ends of the lifting drive mechanisms on two first column surfaces forms an oblique line, and the oblique line is not parallel and / or tangent to two of the first column surfaces.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the column body is used to be installed on the bed of the machine tool or its auxiliary drive structure, and the spindle support plate is used to install the spindle and its auxiliary drive structure. During processing, under the guiding and limiting action of the vertical rail, the spindle support plate is driven to reciprocate and rise and fall through at least two lifting drive mechanisms, so as to disperse the force applied to the composite column device by the spindle processing feed to these lifting drive mechanisms and these guide rails. The dual / multi-faceted drive structure thus formed can effectively improve the structural stiffness and bearing capacity of these first column surfaces, thereby greatly extending the deformation time and service life of the column body, and ultimately ensuring the movement stability of the spindle and the processing quality of the machine tool.

[0009] The utility model is further configured as follows: the a first column surfaces and b second column surfaces are respectively configured as planes and / or curved surfaces, and a transition connection is formed between two adjacent first column surfaces, between two adjacent second column surfaces, and / or between the first column surfaces and the second column surfaces.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjacent manner between the faces on the column body can be that the first column faces are adjacently connected sequentially, or that n first column faces and m second column faces are adjacently connected alternately (n≥1, m≥1), or that the first column faces and the second column faces are arranged irregularly. The utility model does not impose any restriction on this. However, in order to adjust the stress distribution of the column body, the adjacent portion between the faces is set as a chamfered or rounded structure of a transition connection, that is, the transition connection can be a smooth transition connection or a rounded transition connection, which can further improve the bearing capacity of the column body; in addition, the curved surface is not limited, for example, it can be an arc-shaped concave surface, an arc-shaped convex surface or a wavy surface, etc.

[0011] The utility model is further configured as follows: the two first column surfaces are respectively configured as planes, and an angle of 30-150° is formed between the two planes.

[0012] The adoption of the above technical solution is beneficial to improving the bearing capacity of the column body.

[0013] The utility model is further configured as follows: the two first column surfaces are respectively configured as curved surfaces, and the two curved surfaces are respectively close to the tangent planes of the moving end of the lifting drive mechanism to form an angle of 30-150 degrees.

[0014] The adoption of the above technical solution is beneficial to improving the bearing capacity of the column body.

[0015] The utility model is further configured as follows: the two first column surfaces are respectively configured as a plane and a curved surface, and a tangent plane of the plane and the curved surface close to the moving end of the lifting drive mechanism forms an angle of 30-150 degrees.

[0016] The adoption of the above technical solution is beneficial to improving the bearing capacity of the column body.

[0017] The utility model is further configured as follows: b≥1, the first column surface is arranged parallel to the moving direction of the lifting drive mechanism, and the second column surface is arranged obliquely relative to the moving direction of the lifting drive mechanism, so that the cross-section of the column body gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0018] The adoption of the above technical solution is beneficial to improving the bearing capacity of the column body.

[0019] The utility model is further configured as follows: the lifting drive mechanism includes a driving motor arranged on the first column surface, a screw shaft rotatably connected to the first column surface and arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, and a transmission nut threadedly connected to the screw shaft and arranged on the spindle support plate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the screw drive has the advantages of small starting torque and good self-locking, which can drive the spindle support plate to move at a fixed point, realize the smooth transfer of the machining center, and ultimately ensure the movement stability of the spindle and the machining quality of the machine tool.

[0021] The utility model is further configured as follows: the drive motor is configured as a servo motor.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solutions, the servo motor has the advantages of accurate positioning accuracy, good high-speed performance, strong overload resistance, smooth low-speed operation, short acceleration and deceleration dynamic response time, and significantly reduced heat and noise. It can meet the requirements of process accuracy, processing efficiency and working reliability of the lifting drive mechanism, and ultimately ensure the movement stability of the spindle and the processing quality of the machine tool.

[0023] The utility model is further configured as follows: the screw shaft is configured as a ball screw, a bidirectional screw or a reciprocating screw.

[0024] By adopting the above technical scheme, the ball screw, bidirectional screw or reciprocating screw respectively has one thread groove, two thread grooves with opposite rotation directions and symmetrical arrangement, and two thread grooves with opposite rotation directions and cross arrangement, which can respectively realize unidirectional linear motion of a single drive nut, opposite / reverse motion of a double drive nut, and reciprocating linear motion of a single drive nut under the condition that the rotation direction remains unchanged and under the guiding and limiting action of the vertical rail; among which, when the screw shaft is set as a bidirectional screw, the two sections of the thread grooves on the screw shaft are respectively threadedly connected to the drive nuts and correspond to the two spindle support plates respectively.

[0025] The utility model is further configured as follows: the lifting drive mechanisms and the vertical rails are arranged in a staggered manner along the length direction of the spindle support plate.

[0026] The adoption of the above technical solution is beneficial to improving the bearing capacity of the column body.

[0027] To sum up, the beneficial technical effect of the utility model is as follows: by arranging a double / multi-sided drive structure on the column body, the problems of poor bearing capacity of the column body, unstable force on one side, and easy tilting and deformation on one side caused by the single-sided drive structure of the existing device are solved, which has the effect of ensuring the movement stability of the spindle and the processing quality of the machine tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a machine tool composite column device according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of the machine tool composite column device of Example 1 of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first facade and the second facade of Example 1 of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the column body, the lifting drive mechanism and the vertical rail in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first facade and the second facade of Example 2 of the utility model.

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first facade and the second facade of Example 3 of the utility model.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first facade and the second facade of Example 4 of the utility model.

[0035] Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first facade and the second facade of Example 5 of the utility model.

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first facade and the second facade of Example 6 of the utility model.

[0037] In the figure, 1, column body; 11, first column surface; 12, second column surface; 13, oblique line; 2, lifting drive mechanism; 21, drive motor; 22, screw shaft; 23, transmission nut; 3, vertical rail; 4, spindle support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and functions achieved by the present invention clearer and easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0039] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a composite column device for machine tools disclosed in the utility model, comprises a column body 1, a first column surface 11 and b second column surfaces 12 arranged on the column body 1, c lifting drive mechanisms 2 and d vertical rails 3 arranged on the first column surface 11, and a spindle support plate 4 arranged at the moving end of the lifting drive mechanisms 2 and slidably connected to the vertical rails 3. Wherein, a=2, b=2, c=1, d=1~2.

[0040] The column body 1 is used to be installed on the bed of the machine tool or its auxiliary drive structure (not shown in the figure), and the spindle support plate 4 is used to install the spindle and its auxiliary drive structure (only the sheet metal structure is shown in the figure). During processing, under the guiding and limiting action of the vertical rail 3, the spindle support plate 4 is driven to lift and lower back and forth through at least two lifting drive mechanisms 2, so as to disperse the force applied to the composite column device by the spindle processing feed to these lifting drive mechanisms 2 and these guide rails. These lifting drive mechanisms 2 and these vertical rails 3 are arranged in an alternating manner along the length direction of the spindle support plate 4, and the double-sided drive structure formed thereby can effectively improve the structural rigidity and bearing capacity of these first column surfaces 11, thereby greatly extending the deformation time and service life of the column body 1, and ultimately ensuring the movement stability of the spindle and the processing quality of the machine tool.

[0041] Reference Figure 3In order to adjust the stress distribution of the column body 1, a first column surface 11 and b second column surfaces 12 are respectively set as planes, and the first column surface 11, the first column surface 11, the second column surface 12, and the second column surface 12 are enclosed to form the peripheral wall of the column body 1, and there is a smooth transition connection between two adjacent first column surfaces 11, between two adjacent second column surfaces 12, and between adjacent first column surfaces 11 and second column surfaces 12. In order to further improve the bearing capacity of the column body 1, the first column surface 11 is arranged parallel to the moving direction of the lifting drive mechanism 2, that is, a vertical plane, and the angle α=90° is formed between the two vertical planes, and the second column surface 12 is arranged obliquely relative to the moving direction of the lifting drive mechanism 2, that is, an inclined plane, so that the cross section of the column body 1 gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 In order to form a double-sided drive structure on the column body 1, the connecting line between the moving ends of the lifting drive mechanism 2 on the two first column surfaces 11 forms an oblique line 13, and the oblique line 13 is not parallel and / or tangent to the two first column surfaces 11. Specifically, the lifting drive mechanism 2 includes a driving motor 21 arranged on the first column surface 11, a screw shaft 22 rotatably connected to the first column surface 11 and arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor 21, and a transmission nut 23 threadedly connected to the screw shaft 22 and arranged on the spindle support plate 4. Among them, the driving motor 21 is configured as a servo motor, and the screw shaft 22 is configured as a ball screw. The screw drive has the advantages of small starting torque and good self-locking, can drive the spindle support plate 4 to move at a fixed point, realize the smooth transfer of the machining center, and finally ensure the movement stability of the spindle and the machining quality of the machine tool.

[0043] Example 2: Reference Figure 5 , is a machine tool composite column device disclosed in the utility model, which is different from Example 1 in that the two first column surfaces 11 are respectively set as curved surfaces, and the angle α=90° is formed between the tangent planes of the two curved surfaces close to the moving end of the lifting drive mechanism 2.

[0044] Example 3: Reference Figure 6 , is a machine tool composite column device disclosed in the utility model, which is different from Example 1 in that the two first column surfaces 11 are respectively set as a plane and a curved surface, and an angle α=90° is formed between the tangent planes of the plane and the curved surface close to the moving end of the lifting drive mechanism 2.

[0045] Example 4: Reference Figure 7, is a machine tool composite column device disclosed by the utility model, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that a=2, b=2, c=1, d=2. a first column surface 11 and b second column surfaces 12 are respectively set as planes, and the surrounding wall of the column body 1 is enclosed in the order of the first column surface 11, the second column surface 12, the first column surface 11, and the second column surface 12.

[0046] Example 5: Reference Figure 8 , is a machine tool composite column device disclosed by the utility model, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that a=2, b=1, c=1, and d=1-2. a first column surfaces 11 are respectively set as planes, b second column surfaces 12 are set as curved surfaces, and the first column surfaces 11, the first column surfaces 11, and the second column surfaces 12 are enclosed in the order of forming the peripheral wall of the column body 1.

[0047] Example 6: Reference Fig. 9 , is a machine tool composite column device disclosed by the utility model, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that a=2, b=0, c=1, and d=2. The a first column surfaces 11 are respectively set as curved surfaces, and the surrounding wall of the column body 1 is enclosed in the order of the first column surface 11, the second column surface 12, the first column surface 11, and the second column surface 12.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the utility model, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A composite column device for a machine tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a column body (1), a first column surface (11) and b second column surfaces (12) arranged on the column body (1), c lifting drive mechanisms (2) and d vertical rails (3) arranged on the first column surface (11), and a spindle support plate (4) arranged at the movable ends of the lifting drive mechanisms (2) and slidably connected to the vertical rails (3); wherein a≥2, b≥0, c≥1, d≥1; the a first column surfaces (11) and the b second column surfaces (12) enclose a peripheral wall of the column body (1), wherein a connecting line between the movable ends of the lifting drive mechanisms (2) on two first column surfaces (11) forms an oblique line (13), and the oblique line (13) is not parallel to and / or tangent to two of the first column surfaces (11).

2. The composite column device for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The a first column surfaces (11) and the b second column surfaces (12) are respectively arranged as planes and / or curved surfaces, and a transition connection is formed between two adjacent first column surfaces (11), between two adjacent second column surfaces (12), and / or between the first column surface (11) and the second column surface (12).

3. A machine tool composite column device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two first column surfaces (11) are respectively arranged as planes, and an angle of 30-150° is formed between the two planes.

4. The composite column device for machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two first column surfaces (11) are respectively arranged as curved surfaces, and the two curved surfaces are respectively close to the tangent plane of the moving end of the lifting drive mechanism (2) to form an angle of 30-150°.

5. The composite column device for machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two first column surfaces (11) are respectively arranged as a plane and a curved surface, and a tangent plane of the plane and the curved surface close to the moving end of the lifting drive mechanism (2) forms an angle of 30 to 150 degrees.

6. The composite column device for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: b≥1, the first column surface (11) is arranged parallel to the moving direction of the lifting drive mechanism (2), and the second column surface (12) is arranged obliquely to the moving direction of the lifting drive mechanism (2), so that the cross section of the column body (1) gradually increases from top to bottom.

7. The composite column device for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting drive mechanism (2) comprises a driving motor (21) arranged on the first column surface (11), a screw shaft (22) rotatably connected to the first column surface (11) and arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor (21), and a driving nut (23) threadedly connected to the screw shaft (22) and arranged on the spindle support plate (4).

8. The composite column device for machine tools according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving motor (21) is configured as a servo motor.

9. The composite column device for machine tools according to claim 7, characterized in that: The screw shaft (22) is configured as a ball screw, a bidirectional screw or a reciprocating screw.

10. The composite column device for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting drive mechanisms (2) and the vertical rails (3) are arranged in a staggered manner along the length direction of the spindle support plate (4).

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