Intelligent energy-saving and emission-reducing device system for activating biochar by using wood vinegar steam

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent energy-saving and emission-reducing device system for activating biochar by using wood vinegar steam. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reducing device system comprises a biomass carbonizing unit, a biochar activating unit and a flue gas purifying and recycling unit. Compared with independent biomass carbonization, the system has the advantages that by-products can be reduced, and waste heat of biomass carbonization is fully utilized. Compared with a steam activation activated carbon preparation technology, the steam consumption can be reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced. Strong acid and strong alkali are not used, cost is saved, and emission is reduced. According to the intelligent system for preparing the biological activated carbon by taking the wood vinegar steam as the activating agent, biomass charcoal preparation and charcoal activation activated carbon preparation processes are combined and added into a DCS (Distributed Control System), so that the production operation is more convenient, and the process conditions in the production process are more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a steam-based biochar activation process, in particular to an intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar using wood vinegar steam. Background Art

[0002] Biomass (agricultural and forestry residues such as branches and fruit shells) can be activated by pyrolysis to produce bio-activated carbon. However, the current activation method is phosphoric acid or steam. The former will cause acid wastewater problems and acid cost problems, while the latter will cause energy consumption problems and increase production costs. In the process of biomass charcoal production, a large amount of wood vinegar wastewater will be produced. One ton of biomass can produce 300 kilograms of wood vinegar. Wood vinegar is an aqueous solution containing more than 200 kinds of organic matter, with a water content of about 80~90 wt%, and an acetic acid content of generally about 4~7 wt%. The rest are oxygen-containing organic compounds, etc. As organic wastewater treatment is difficult and costly, it has become a bottleneck in the development of biomass energy and must be comprehensively utilized. However, due to the large amount of wood vinegar and the low organic content, there has been no effective comprehensive utilization method. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to overcome the above defects, the utility model provides an intelligent system for producing bio-activated carbon using wood vinegar steam and carbonization furnace flue gas as activating agents, including a biomass carbon production unit, a biochar activation unit and a flue gas purification and recovery unit. Compared with independent biomass carbon production, the system can reduce the generation of by-products and make full use of the waste heat of biomass carbon production.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows: an intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar using wood vinegar steam, comprising a pulverizer (1), a molding machine (2), a carbonization furnace (3), a combustion mixer (7), an activation tower (13) and a humidification tower (14) connected in sequence;

[0005] The flue gas discharge port of the carbonization furnace (3) is connected to a cyclone dust collector (8), the fuel gas discharge port of the carbonization furnace (3) is connected to a combustion mixer (7) via a fuel gas delivery fan (5), and the carbonization furnace (3) is also provided with a biomass fuel delivery port (31) and a biochar discharge port (32);

[0006] The output end of the cyclone dust collector (8) is connected to the purification recovery system (23) and the combustion mixer (7) in two ways through the flue gas conveying fan (9);

[0007] The outlet of the combustion mixer (7) is connected to the activation tower (13) via a high-temperature steam delivery fan (12), and a fuel gas inlet (71) is provided on the combustion mixer (7);

[0008] The activation tower (13) is provided with a biochar inlet (131) and a bio-activated carbon outlet (132), and the steam outlet of the activation tower (13) is connected to the steam inlet of the humidification tower (14);

[0009] The steam discharge port of the humidifying tower (14) is respectively connected to the purification recovery system (23), the combustion mixer (7) and the circulating steam inlet of the humidifying tower (14) after passing through the low-temperature steam delivery fan (18).

[0010] Furthermore, the humidification tower (14) is connected to a circulation pump (16) for circulation and pressurization.

[0011] Furthermore, a circulating pump inlet valve (15) and a circulating pump outlet valve (17) are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the circulating pump (16).

[0012] Furthermore, a high-temperature steam sand valve (11) is provided on the pipeline between the combustion mixer (7) and the high-temperature steam delivery fan (12) to control the flow rate.

[0013] Furthermore, a flue gas discharge valve (22) is provided on the pipeline between the flue gas conveying fan (9) and the purification recovery system (23) to control the flow rate, and a high-temperature flue gas sand valve (10) is provided on the pipeline between the flue gas conveying fan (9) and the combustion mixer (7) to control the flow rate.

[0014] Furthermore, a steam discharge valve (21), a steam circulation valve (20), and a steam humidification valve (19) are respectively provided on the pipelines connecting the low-temperature steam delivery fan (18) with the purification recovery system (23), the combustion mixer (7), and the circulating steam inlet of the humidification tower (14) to control the flow rate.

[0015] Furthermore, a gas explosion-proof valve (4) is provided on the pipeline between the carbonization furnace (3) and the gas delivery fan (5).

[0016] Furthermore, a wood vinegar recovery port (231) is provided at the bottom of the purification recovery system (23), which is connected to the wood vinegar delivery port (141) of the humidification tower (14), and the recovered wood vinegar enters the system for recycling.

[0017] Furthermore, the biochar discharge port (32) of the carbonization furnace (3) is connected to the biochar delivery port (131) of the activation tower (13).

[0018] Furthermore, a wood tar discharge port (142) is provided at the bottom of the humidifying tower (14), and an ash discharge port (81) is provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector (8).

[0019] Furthermore, the combustion mixer (7) is provided with a gas burner (6) and an online temperature and pressure monitoring device and an online oxygen concentration monitoring device. The online temperature monitoring device and the online oxygen concentration monitoring device respectively monitor the outlet temperature and oxygen concentration of the combustion mixer (7) online and transmit the information to the PLC. The fuel gas input amount of the gas burner (6) and the air supply amount of the gas burner are controlled by PID regulation. The online pressure monitoring device monitors the pressure in the combustion mixer (7). The opening of the high-temperature steam sand valve (11) and the rotation speed of the high-temperature steam delivery fan (12) are controlled by PID regulation to ensure the stability of the pressure in the combustion mixer (7).

[0020] Furthermore, a pressure monitoring device and a liquid level monitoring device are provided in the humidifying tower (14), which monitor in real time and transmit the information to the PLC. The rotation speed of the low-temperature steam delivery fan (18) and the opening of the steam discharge valve (21) are controlled by PID regulation. The PLC presets a logic program to control the amount of wood vinegar entering.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of temperature probes and pressure transmitters are provided in the carbonization furnace (3) to detect the biomass temperature and pressure in the furnace in real time and transmit the results to the PLC. The PLC compares the real-time temperature with a set temperature curve and controls the biomass fuel input amount, the rotation speed and the rotation speed of the gas delivery fan (5) through PID regulation to ensure the high-speed and stable operation of the carbonization furnace.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the system includes three parts: a biomass charcoal making unit, a biochar activation unit and a flue gas purification and recovery unit. Compared with independent biomass charcoal making, the system can reduce the generation of by-products and make full use of the waste heat of biomass charcoal making. Compared with the technology of making activated carbon with water vapor activation, it can reduce the amount of steam used and reduce energy consumption. No strong acid or alkali is used, which saves costs and reduces emissions. The system for making bioactivated carbon with wood vinegar steam as an activator combines the biomass charcoal making with the biochar activation process and adds a DCS control system, making the production operation more convenient and the process conditions more accurate during the production process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the implementation mode of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the implementation mode will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a system structure diagram.

[0025] In the figure: 1. crusher; 2. molding machine; 3. carbonization furnace; 4. gas explosion-proof valve; 5. gas delivery fan; 6. gas burner; 7. combustion mixer; 8. cyclone dust collector; 9. flue gas delivery fan; 10. high-temperature flue gas sand valve; 11. high-temperature steam sand valve; 12. high-temperature steam delivery fan; 13. activation tower; 14. humidification tower; 15. circulation pump inlet valve; 16. humidification circulation pump; 17. circulation pump outlet valve; 18. low-temperature steam delivery fan; 19. steam humidifier; 20. steam circulation valve; 21. steam discharge valve; 22. flue gas discharge valve; 23. purification and recovery system; 31. biomass fuel delivery port; 32. biochar discharge port; 131. biochar delivery port; 132. biological activated carbon discharge port; 231. wood vinegar recovery port; 141. wood vinegar delivery port; 142. wood tar discharge port; 81. ash discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the implementation of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the implementation of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the implementation of the utility model. Obviously, the described implementation is a part of the implementation of the utility model, not all of the implementations. Based on the implementation of the utility model, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, an intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam includes a pulverizer 1, a molding machine 2, a carbonization furnace 3, a combustion mixer 7, an activation tower 13 and a humidification tower 14 connected in sequence;

[0028] The flue gas discharge port of the carbonization furnace 3 is connected to the cyclone dust collector 8, the gas discharge port of the carbonization furnace 3 is connected to the combustion mixer 7 via the gas delivery fan 5, a gas explosion-proof valve 4 is provided on the pipeline between the carbonization furnace 3 and the gas delivery fan 5, and the carbonization furnace 3 is also provided with a biomass fuel delivery port 31 and a biochar discharge port 32;

[0029] The output end of the cyclone dust collector 8 is connected to the purification recovery system 23 and the combustion mixer 7 in two ways through the flue gas conveying fan 9; a flue gas discharge valve 22 is provided on the pipeline between the flue gas conveying fan 9 and the purification recovery system 23 to control the flow, and a high-temperature flue gas sand valve 10 is provided on the pipeline between the flue gas conveying fan 9 and the combustion mixer 7 to control the flow.

[0030] The outlet of the combustion mixer 7 is connected to the activation tower 13 via a high-temperature steam delivery fan 12, and a fuel gas inlet 71 is provided on the combustion mixer 7; a high-temperature steam sand valve 11 is provided on the pipeline between the combustion mixer 7 and the high-temperature steam delivery fan 12 to control the flow;

[0031] The activation tower 13 is provided with a biochar inlet 131 and a bio-activated carbon outlet 132, and the steam outlet of the activation tower 13 is connected to the steam inlet of the humidification tower 14;

[0032] The steam discharge port of the humidifying tower 14 is respectively connected to the purification recovery system 23, the combustion mixer 7 and the circulating steam inlet of the humidifying tower 14 after passing through the low-temperature steam delivery fan 18. The pipelines connecting the low-temperature steam delivery fan 18 with the purification recovery system 23, the combustion mixer 7 and the circulating steam inlet of the humidifying tower 14 are respectively provided with a steam discharge valve 21, a steam circulation valve 20 and a steam humidification valve 19 to control the flow rate; the humidifying tower 14 is connected to the circulating pump 16 for circulation and pressurization, and the circulating pump 16 is respectively provided with a circulating pump inlet valve 15 and a circulating pump outlet valve 17 at the front and rear ends.

[0033] A wood vinegar recovery port 231 is provided at the bottom of the purification recovery system 23, which can be connected to the wood vinegar delivery port 141 of the humidification tower 14, and the recovered wood vinegar enters the system for recycling.

[0034] The biochar discharge port 32 of the carbonization furnace 3 can be connected to the biochar feeding port 131 of the activation tower 13 to fully utilize the intermediate product.

[0035] A wood tar discharge port 142 is provided at the bottom of the humidifying tower 14 , and an ash discharge port 81 is provided at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 8 .

[0036] The system's operating procedures are:

[0037] Naturally dried branches, straw and other biomass enter the pulverizer 1 for pulverization. The pulverized biomass powder and a small amount of wood tar are mixed and extruded into biomass particles in the molding machine 2. The biomass particles enter the continuous carbonization furnace 3 for carbonization. The final carbonization temperature is 400-450 degrees Celsius to obtain biochar, biogas and wood vinegar vapor. The carbonization furnace is provided with heat source by the combustion of biomass fuel. The flue gas with residual temperature after the fuel combustion passes through the cyclone dust collector 8 and is sent to the two-stage combustion mixer 7 by the flue gas conveying fan 9 after the flow is adjusted by the high-temperature flue gas sand valve 10. The remaining small amount of flue gas is controlled by the flue gas discharge valve 22 to enter the purification and recovery system 23. The biogas and wood vinegar vapor are sent to the two-stage combustion mixer 7 by the gas conveying fan 5 through the gas explosion-proof valve 4. There are multiple temperature probes and pressure transmitters in the carbonization furnace to detect the biomass temperature and pressure in the furnace in real time and transmit them to the PLC. The PLC compares the real-time temperature with the set temperature curve, and controls the biomass fuel input, rotation speed (biomass movement rate) and gas delivery fan 5 speed through PID regulation to ensure the high-speed and stable operation of the carbonization furnace.

[0038] The two-stage combustion mixer 7 is provided with a gas burner 6 and an online temperature and pressure monitoring device and an online oxygen concentration monitoring device. The two-stage combustion mixer 7 is provided with a heat source by the combustion of fuel gas, biogas and circulating low-temperature mixed steam, and the temperature of the high-temperature mixed steam at the outlet is maintained at 900-950 degrees Celsius. The temperature online monitoring device and the oxygen concentration online monitoring device respectively monitor the outlet temperature and oxygen concentration of the two-stage combustion mixer 7 online and transmit them to the PLC, and control the fuel gas input amount and the air supply amount of the gas burner 6 through PID regulation, that is, to ensure that the fuel gas and biogas entering the burner are fully and stably burned to generate enough heat, and reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides. The pressure online monitoring device monitors the pressure in the two-stage combustion mixer 7, and controls the opening of the high-temperature steam sand valve 11 and the speed of the high-temperature steam delivery fan 12 through PID regulation. Ensure that the pressure in the two-stage combustion mixer 7 is stable. The PLC monitors the operating status of the equipment through a preset logic program and controls the stable operation of each device of the two-stage combustion mixer 7.

[0039] The high-temperature mixed steam in the two-stage combustion mixer 7 is sent to the activation tower 13 by the high-temperature steam conveying fan 12 through the high-temperature steam sand valve 11. The high-temperature mixed steam releases heat and participates in the reaction to become a medium-temperature mixed steam with a temperature of about 550 degrees Celsius, and is introduced into the humidification tower 14. The biochar in the activation tower 13 is gradually heated to a temperature of about 900 degrees Celsius and activated for about 0.5 hours to obtain biological activated carbon.

[0040] The wood vinegar in the humidifying tower 14 is pressurized by the humidifying circulation pump 16, and the medium-temperature mixed steam entering is sprayed and humidified (with regular fillers to improve the humidification effect) to become a low-temperature wood vinegar mixed steam with a temperature of about 250-300 degrees Celsius and a humidity of nearly saturated. After the temperature is reduced, part of the wood tar condenses and is discharged from the humidifying tower. The low-temperature steam conveying fan 18 pressurizes the low-temperature wood vinegar mixed steam, and part of the low-temperature wood vinegar mixed steam is controlled by the steam humidification valve 19 to flow back into the humidifying tower 14 for circulation and humidification, and part of it is controlled by the steam circulation valve 20 to flow into the two-stage combustion mixer 7 for recycling. The remaining small part is controlled by the steam discharge valve 21 to enter the purification and recovery system 23. The humidifying tower 14 is equipped with a pressure monitoring device and a liquid level monitoring device, which monitors in real time and transmits to the PLC, and controls the speed of the low-temperature steam conveying fan 18 and the opening of the steam discharge valve 21 through PID regulation. The PLC presets a logic program to control the amount of wood vinegar entering.

[0041] In the purification and recovery system 23, the low-temperature wood vinegar mixed steam is combined with the flue gas to enter the electrostatic discharge tube. Under the action of high-voltage static electricity, a large amount of water and organic matter are adsorbed on the wall of the discharge tube and flow into the recovery tank under the action of gravity. The purification and recovery system is completely automatically controlled by PLC, which automatically monitors the intake flow rate, primary and secondary voltage and current, spark discharge times, and step-up transformer oil temperature. The primary current and voltage dynamic adjustment range, thyristor opening, secondary current and voltage operating range, etc. can be set through the preset program to ensure safe and efficient operation of the purification and recovery system 23.

[0042] The above description is only the preferred implementation of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam, characterized in that: It comprises a pulverizer (1), a molding machine (2), a carbonization furnace (3), a combustion mixer (7), an activation tower (13) and a humidification tower (14) which are connected in sequence; The flue gas discharge port of the carbonization furnace (3) is connected to a cyclone dust collector (8), the fuel gas discharge port of the carbonization furnace (3) is connected to a combustion mixer (7) via a fuel gas delivery fan (5), and the carbonization furnace (3) is also provided with a biomass fuel delivery port (31) and a biochar discharge port (32); The output end of the cyclone dust collector (8) is connected to the purification recovery system (23) and the combustion mixer (7) in two ways through the flue gas conveying fan (9); The outlet of the combustion mixer (7) is connected to the activation tower (13) via a high-temperature steam delivery fan (12), and a fuel gas inlet (71) is provided on the combustion mixer (7); The activation tower (13) is provided with a biochar inlet (131) and a bio-activated carbon outlet (132), and the steam outlet of the activation tower (13) is connected to the steam inlet of the humidification tower (14); The steam discharge port of the humidifying tower (14) is respectively connected to the purification recovery system (23), the combustion mixer (7) and the circulating steam inlet of the humidifying tower (14) after passing through the low-temperature steam delivery fan (18).

2. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The humidifying tower (14) is connected to a circulating pump (16) for circulating and pressurizing.

3. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 2, characterized in that: A circulating pump inlet valve (15) and a circulating pump outlet valve (17) are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the circulating pump (16).

4. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high-temperature steam sand valve (11) is provided on the pipeline between the combustion mixer (7) and the high-temperature steam delivery fan (12) to control the flow rate.

5. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flue gas discharge valve (22) is provided on the pipeline between the flue gas conveying fan (9) and the purification recovery system (23) to control the flow rate, and a high-temperature flue gas sand valve (10) is provided on the pipeline between the flue gas conveying fan (9) and the combustion mixer (7) to control the flow rate.

6. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A steam discharge valve (21), a steam circulation valve (20) and a steam humidification valve (19) are respectively provided on the pipelines connecting the low-temperature steam delivery fan (18) with the purification recovery system (23), the combustion mixer (7) and the circulating steam inlet of the humidification tower (14) to control the flow rate.

7. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas explosion-proof valve (4) is provided on the pipeline between the carbonization furnace (3) and the gas delivery fan (5).

8. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wood vinegar recovery port (231) is provided at the bottom of the purification and recovery system (23) and is connected to the wood vinegar delivery port (141) of the humidification tower (14).

9. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biochar discharge port (32) of the carbonization furnace (3) is connected to the biochar delivery port (131) of the activation tower (13).

10. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the humidifying tower (14) is provided with a wood tar discharge port (142), and the bottom of the cyclone dust collector (8) is provided with an ash discharge port (81).

11. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion mixer (7) is provided with a gas burner (6) and an online temperature and pressure monitoring device and an online oxygen concentration monitoring device. The online temperature monitoring device and the online oxygen concentration monitoring device respectively monitor the outlet temperature and oxygen concentration of the combustion mixer (7) online and transmit the information to the PLC. The fuel gas input amount of the gas burner (6) and the air supply amount of the gas burner are controlled by PID regulation. The online pressure monitoring device monitors the pressure in the combustion mixer (7). The opening of the high-temperature steam sand valve (11) and the rotation speed of the high-temperature steam delivery fan (12) are controlled by PID regulation to ensure the stability of the pressure in the combustion mixer (7).

12. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 11, characterized in that: A pressure monitoring device and a liquid level monitoring device are provided in the humidifying tower (14), which monitor the pressure in real time and transmit the information to the PLC. The speed of the low-temperature steam delivery fan (18) and the opening of the steam discharge valve (21) are controlled by PID regulation. The PLC presets a logic program to control the amount of wood vinegar entering.

13. The intelligent energy-saving and emission-reduction device system for activating biochar with wood vinegar steam according to claim 12, characterized in that: A plurality of temperature probes and pressure transmitters are arranged in the carbonization furnace (3) to detect the biomass temperature and pressure in the furnace in real time and transmit the results to the PLC. The PLC compares the real-time temperature with the set temperature curve and controls the biomass fuel input amount, the rotation speed and the rotation speed of the gas delivery fan (5) through PID regulation to ensure the high-speed and stable operation of the carbonization furnace.

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