Integrated anti-icing ejector structure

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel cell accessories, and discloses an integrated anti-icing ejector structure. The ejector comprises a hydrogen control module and a backflow ejector module; the hydrogen control module and the backflow ejector module are integrated in the ejector body; a hot runner is arranged around the hydrogen control module and the backflow ejector module, the hot runner heats the hydrogen control module and the backflow ejector module, and the ejector body is heated through heat of a system main runner in a low-temperature environment. According to the utility model, in a highly integrated state, the hydrogen inlet module and the hydrogen return module are heated at the same time through the liquid in the cooling flow channel of the fuel cell system, so that the icing problem is solved, the hydrogen inlet temperature can be continuously increased, and the system efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel cell accessories, and in particular relates to an integrated anti-icing ejector structure. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device that uses air and hydrogen to exchange electrons to generate electricity. Hydrogen needs to be introduced into the anode end to undergo a proton exchange chemical reaction with the air end. Under different operating conditions of the fuel cell system, the required hydrogen pressure and flow are different. In order to be able to accurately control the hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen regulator needs to be installed at the hydrogen inlet. At the same time, the fuel cell reacts with excess hydrogen. In order to improve the utilization rate of hydrogen, a hydrogen return device will be installed at the hydrogen outlet of the battery to reuse the excess hydrogen. At present, the industry uses a proportional valve to control hydrogen intake, and a hydrogen circulation pump or ejector to return hydrogen. When the fuel cell is in a low temperature (-30°C) state and the water is not purged sufficiently, it is easy to freeze and affect the control of hydrogen intake and return. At present, the industry generally adopts a split method for hydrogen intake and return, and controls them separately, using coils and PTC heating methods, such as Figure 1 The current solution has many defects: for example, the hydrogen inlet and hydrogen return equipment are split, and the system integration is not high; the hydrogen inlet and hydrogen return are heated separately for ice breaking, which is inefficient; the PTC heating plate is used, and the electric control method is adopted, which has a complex structure.

[0003] Hydrogen fuel cell systems are currently gradually developing parts in an integrated and integrated direction, and at the same time, the environmental requirements are becoming increasingly higher. How to meet high and low temperature startup requirements while being highly integrated is the focus of the industry. The utility model is mainly to solve the icing problem in an integrated manner of hydrogen inlet and return, which is more conducive to controlling and heating the temperature of hydrogen inlet, and improving hydrogen utilization and stack reaction efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model discloses an integrated anti-icing ejector structure. The utility model can heat the hydrogen inlet module and the hydrogen return module simultaneously through the liquid in the cooling channel of the fuel cell system in a highly integrated state, solve the icing problem, and can also continuously heat the hydrogen inlet temperature to improve the system efficiency.

[0005] The utility model integrates the hydrogen inlet control module and the hydrogen return double ejector into an integrated manner, with a compact structure and functions including stop valve development, dual proportional valve control, pressure detection, dual nozzle ejector, and proportional valve / nozzle heating flow channel. It has high integration, small size, and simple system layout; adding a hot runner to the main body can heat the ejector and the proportional valve at the same time to solve the problem of low-temperature cold start. It realizes efficient startup and avoids unstable control.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows.

[0007] An integrated anti-icing ejector structure comprises a hydrogen control module and a reflux ejector module; the hydrogen control module and the reflux ejector module are integrated in an ejector body; hot runners are arranged around the hydrogen control module and the reflux ejector module, the hot runners heat the hydrogen control module and the reflux ejector module, and in a low temperature environment, the ejector body is heated by the heat of the main flow channel of the system.

[0008] Further, the hydrogen control module includes a hydrogen inlet and a proportional valve; the reflux ejector module includes an ejector nozzle, a hydrogen reflux chamber, a hydrogen outlet and a hydrogen return port;

[0009] The hydrogen inlet is connected to the ejector nozzle through a pipeline, the ejector nozzle is connected to the hydrogen reflux chamber and the hydrogen outlet in sequence, and a proportional valve is arranged on the pipeline; the hydrogen return port is connected to the ejector nozzle through a pipeline, so that the circulating hydrogen (secondary fluid) enters the ejector from the hydrogen return port, and the hydrogen (primary fluid) is ejected from the nozzle, and after the Venturi effect, the hydrogen is mixed and enters the fuel cell stack; the hot runner is arranged around the proportional valve and the ejector nozzle.

[0010] Furthermore, the utility model also includes a pressure sensor, which is arranged on the hydrogen path and is used to detect the hydrogen inlet pressure.

[0011] Furthermore, the utility model also includes a stop valve; the stop valve is arranged on the hydrogen return port.

[0012] Furthermore, the ejector nozzle comprises a first ejector nozzle and a second ejector nozzle, and the first ejector nozzle and the second ejector nozzle are respectively connected to the hydrogen inlet pipe.

[0013] Further, the proportional valve includes a first proportional valve and a second proportional valve, and the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve respectively control the hydrogen flow rates of the first ejector nozzle and the second ejector nozzle.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the hydrogen reflux chambers is the same as the number of the ejector nozzles, and each ejector nozzle is connected to a corresponding hydrogen reflux chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the hydrogen reflux chamber is a Venturi tube.

[0016] Furthermore, a pressure relief valve is provided on the hydrogen reflux chamber, the function of which is to prevent the hydrogen pressure inside the ejector from being too high and damaging the fuel cell stack.

[0017] Furthermore, an outlet pressure sensor is provided on the hydrogen reflux chamber, and its function is to monitor the outlet pressure of the ejector and realize the hydrogen flow control of the system.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The ejector in the utility model has high integration and convenient system layout.

[0020] 2. In the utility model, the hydrogen inlet module and the hydrogen return module are heated simultaneously, and there is no need to add a PTC electric heating sheet. The system main channel liquid is directly used for heating, which is lower in cost and more reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram in the prior art.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an integrated anti-icing ejector of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an internal cross-sectional view of an integrated anti-icing ejector structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA section view;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of an integrated anti-icing ejector structure of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the specific structure of the hydrogen reflux chamber.

[0027] The components in the figure are as follows:

[0028] Ejector body 1, hydrogen inlet 2, first proportional valve 3, second proportional valve 4, stop valve 5, hot runner 6, pressure relief valve 7, outlet pressure sensor 8, first ejector nozzle 9, second ejector nozzle 10, hydrogen reflux chamber 11, receiving chamber 11.1, mixing chamber 11.2, pressure diffusion chamber 11.3, ejector nozzle 11.4, pressure sensor 12, hydrogen outlet 13, hydrogen return port 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following description combines specific illustrations to explain the technical solution in order to fully understand the utility model application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and similar generalization embodiments made by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0030] like Figure 2~Figure 5As shown, an integrated anti-icing ejector structure includes a hydrogen control module and a reflux ejector module; the hydrogen control module and the reflux ejector module are integrated in the ejector body 1; hot runners are arranged around the hydrogen control module and the reflux ejector module. The hot runner heats the hydrogen control module and the reflux ejector module, and in a low temperature environment, the ejector body is heated by the heat of the main flow channel of the system.

[0031] In this embodiment, the hydrogen control module includes a hydrogen inlet 2 and a proportional valve; the reflux ejector module includes a first ejector nozzle 9, a second ejector nozzle 10, a hydrogen reflux chamber 11, a hydrogen outlet 13 and a hydrogen return port 14; the hydrogen inlet 2 is connected to the first ejector nozzle 9 and the second ejector nozzle 10 through pipelines, respectively, and the first ejector nozzle 9 and the second ejector nozzle 10 are connected to the hydrogen reflux chamber 11 and the hydrogen outlet 13 in sequence, respectively. In this embodiment, two hydrogen reflux chambers 11 are provided, and the first proportional valve 3 and the second proportional valve 4 are provided on the pipeline, and the first proportional valve 3 and the second proportional valve 4 control the hydrogen flow of the first ejector nozzle 9 and the second ejector nozzle 10 respectively; the hydrogen return port is connected to the ejector nozzle through a pipeline; the hot runner 6 is arranged around the proportional valve and the ejector nozzle, specifically: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the hot runner half surrounds the first proportional valve 3, the second proportional valve 4 and the pipes connected thereto, and an extended pipe is designed to be located on both sides of the first ejector nozzle 9 and the second ejector nozzle 10. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the circulating hydrogen (secondary fluid) enters the ejector from the hydrogen return port, and the hydrogen (primary fluid) is ejected from the nozzle. After the Venturi effect, the hydrogen is mixed and enters the fuel cell stack.

[0032] This embodiment further includes a pressure sensor 12 and a stop valve 5 . The pressure sensor 12 is arranged on the hydrogen path and is used to detect the hydrogen inlet pressure. The stop valve 5 is arranged on the hydrogen return port 14 .

[0033] In this embodiment, the hydrogen reflux chamber 11 is a Venturi tube. By utilizing the Venturi effect, when the restricted fluid passes through a reduced flow cross section, the flow velocity increases and a partial vacuum is generated, thereby mixing with the new hydrogen.

[0034] In this embodiment, the hydrogen reflux chamber 11 is provided with a pressure relief valve 7, which is used to prevent the hydrogen pressure inside the ejector from being too high and damaging the fuel cell stack. The hydrogen reflux chamber 11 is provided with an outlet pressure sensor 8, which is used to monitor the ejector outlet pressure and realize system hydrogen flow control.

[0035] In this embodiment, the hydrogen control module and the return ejector module adopt an integrated solution with small size and high integration. A hot runner is arranged around the ejector nozzle and the proportional valve control to heat the hydrogen inlet module and the return hydrogen module at the same time. In a low temperature environment, the ejector body can be heated by the heat of the system main flow channel.

[0036] In this embodiment, the ejector works as follows:

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, the high-pressure fluid converts pressure energy into kinetic energy through the ejector nozzle 11.4, and the velocity reaches the critical velocity at the nozzle throat. After passing through the ejector nozzle 11.4, the high-speed fluid passes through the receiving chamber 11.1, and the pressure is consistent with the ejection flow pressure. Before entering the mixing chamber 11.2, the flow channel becomes narrower, the velocity increases, and the pressure decreases. In the mixing chamber 11.2, the two fluids are fully mixed, the flow velocity slows down, and the pressure increases. Finally, the flow velocity is further reduced through the diffusion chamber 11.3, and the pressure of the mixed fluid continues to increase.

[0038] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated anti-icing ejector structure, characterized in that: It comprises a hydrogen control module and a reflux ejector module; the hydrogen control module and the reflux ejector module are integrated in an ejector body (1); a hot runner is arranged around the hydrogen control module and the reflux ejector module, the hot runner heats the hydrogen control module and the reflux ejector module, and in a low temperature environment, the ejector body is heated by the heat of the main flow channel of the system.

2. The integrated anti-icing ejector structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen control module comprises a hydrogen inlet (2) and a proportional valve; the reflux ejector module comprises an ejector nozzle, a hydrogen reflux chamber (11), a hydrogen outlet (13) and a hydrogen return port (14); The hydrogen inlet (2) is connected to the ejector nozzle via a pipeline, the ejector nozzle is connected to the hydrogen reflux chamber (11) and the hydrogen outlet (13) in sequence, and a proportional valve is provided on the pipeline; the hydrogen return outlet is connected to the ejector nozzle via a pipeline; The hot runner (6) is arranged around the proportional valve and the ejector nozzle.

3. The integrated anti-icing ejector structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure sensor (12), which is arranged on the hydrogen path and is used to detect the hydrogen inlet pressure.

4. The integrated anti-icing ejector structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a stop valve (5); the stop valve (5) is arranged on the hydrogen return port (14).

5. The integrated anti-icing ejector structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ejector nozzle comprises a first ejector nozzle (9) and a second ejector nozzle (10), wherein the first ejector nozzle (9) and the second ejector nozzle (10) are respectively connected to a hydrogen inlet (2) pipeline.

6. The integrated anti-icing ejector structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The proportional valve comprises a first proportional valve (3) and a second proportional valve (4), wherein the first proportional valve (3) and the second proportional valve (4) respectively control the hydrogen flow rates of the first ejector nozzle (9) and the second ejector nozzle (10).

7. The integrated anti-icing ejector structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the hydrogen reflux chambers (11) is the same as the number of the ejector nozzles, and each ejector nozzle is connected to a corresponding hydrogen reflux chamber (11).

8. The integrated anti-icing ejector structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hydrogen reflux chamber (11) is a Venturi tube.

9. The integrated anti-icing ejector structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen reflux chamber (11) is provided with a pressure relief valve (7) to prevent excessive hydrogen pressure inside the ejector from damaging the fuel cell stack.

10. The integrated anti-icing ejector structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen reflux chamber (11) is provided with an outlet pressure sensor (8) for monitoring the outlet pressure of the ejector to achieve system hydrogen flow control.

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