Motor shaft, motor, cooling and lubricating device, electric drive system and vehicle

Abstract

The technical scheme of one aspect of the utility model provides a motor shaft, a motor, a cooling and lubricating device, an electric drive system and a vehicle, the motor shaft comprises a motor shaft body, and the motor shaft body is internally provided with a through hole penetrating along the axial direction; the guide rod is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating mode, a first groove spirally extending in the axial direction is formed in the guide rod, the guide rod is fixedly connected with the motor shaft body so as to rotate along with the motor shaft body under the condition that the motor shaft body rotates, and the first groove is used for axially driving a medium in the first groove in the rotating process of the guide rod. The guide rod is arranged in the through hole of the motor shaft body in a penetrating mode, the first groove spirally extending in the axial direction is formed in the guide rod, under the condition that the motor shaft body rotates, a medium in the first groove can be conveyed to the other end of the motor shaft body from one end of the motor shaft body, and oil liquid can be effectively conveyed under the condition that a vehicle inclines laterally; the space of the whole electric drive system is not occupied additionally, the electric drive system is more compact, and the machining cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, and mainly relates to a motor shaft, a motor, a cooling and lubricating device, an electric drive system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, the shaft gear part of the electric drive system adopts an active oil-spray cooling and lubrication method, which requires part of the oil originally used for motor cooling to be used for cooling and lubricating the shaft gear system, which requires increasing the power of the electronic pump, and also requires additional lubricating oil channels or oil pipes on the electric drive housing, which will increase the complexity of the system and increase the cost. If the shaft gear system adopts passive lubrication, when the electric drive system tilts, there is a situation where the gears cannot stir the oil, and thus the shaft gear system cannot be normally provided with lubricating oil, so the shaft gear system is easily damaged when it is under heavy load, high speed, and long-term operation. Therefore, the shaft gear part of the electric drive system adopts an active oil-spray cooling and lubrication method, which increases the complexity and manufacturing cost of the system, but the use of passive lubrication also has the limitation of not being able to provide lubricating oil to the shaft gear system in time, so it is necessary to improve the lubrication device of the electric drive system, reduce its system complexity, and provide effective lubrication to the shaft gear system. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a motor shaft, a motor, a cooling and lubrication device, an electric drive system and a vehicle, which can effectively transport oil when the vehicle rolls, and at the same time will not occupy additional space of the electric drive system, thereby improving the movement reliability and structural compactness of the electric drive system.

[0004] The technical solution of one aspect of the utility model proposes a motor shaft, including a motor shaft body, wherein the motor shaft body is provided with a through hole extending axially; a guide rod, wherein the guide rod is inserted into the through hole, and the guide rod is provided with a first groove extending axially spirally, wherein the guide rod is fixedly connected to the motor shaft body so as to rotate with the motor shaft body when the motor shaft body rotates, and the first groove is used to axially drive the medium in the first groove during the rotation of the guide rod.

[0005] According to some technical solutions of the present utility model, the guide rod is a screw rod, which includes a rod body and a convex rib. The convex rib is convexly arranged relative to the outer peripheral surface of the rod body and extends spirally along the axial direction of the rod body. The convex rib and the surface of the rod body enclose the first groove.

[0006] According to some technical solutions of the utility model, the guide rod includes a rod body, the rod body is inserted into the through hole, the rod body abuts against or has a clearance fit with the through hole, and the peripheral side surface of the rod body is recessed to form the first groove.

[0007] According to some technical solutions of the utility model, a second groove extending in an axial spiral is provided on the inner surface of the through hole, and the second groove has the same orientation as the first groove and is arranged opposite to each other to enclose a channel extending in an axial spiral.

[0008] According to some technical solutions of the utility model, the motor shaft is fixed to the guide rod by welding.

[0009] According to some technical solutions of the utility model, one of the guide rod and the motor shaft is provided with a limiting groove, and the other of the guide rod and the motor shaft is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is embedded in the limiting groove. When the motor shaft rotates, the guide rod is driven to rotate by abutting against the limiting groove by the protrusion.

[0010] The technical solutions of the second aspects of the utility model propose a motor, comprising a motor housing, the motor housing being provided with an oil passage; a stator and a rotor, the stator and the rotor being arranged in the motor housing; the rotor comprising a motor shaft as described in any of the above embodiments, an axial end of a first groove of the motor shaft being connected to the oil passage, and the motor shaft being able to transport the medium in the oil passage along the first groove.

[0011] According to some technical solutions of the present utility model, the motor also includes a bearing and a gasket, the bearing is connected to the motor housing, the outer surface of the motor shaft is nested in the axial hole of the bearing, the gasket is installed on the motor shaft and abuts between the bearing and the motor housing.

[0012] The technical solutions of the three aspects of the utility model propose a cooling and lubrication device, including a gearbox and a motor as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein one end of the motor shaft of the motor away from the oil channel of the motor extends into the gearbox and is connected to the gear transmission in the gearbox, and one end of the first groove of the motor away from the oil channel is connected to the gearbox. Under the drive of the motor, the medium in the oil channel is transported to the gearbox along the first groove.

[0013] According to some technical solutions of the utility model, the cooling and lubrication device also includes an oil pan and an oil pump, the oil pan is connected to the motor housing, the oil pan is used to store oil, and the oil pump is configured to transport the oil stored in the oil pan to the oil channel.

[0014] The technical solutions of the four aspects of the utility model provide an electric drive system, including a cooling and lubrication device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0015] The technical solutions in five aspects of the present invention provide a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and an electric drive system arranged on the vehicle body, wherein the electric drive system is the electric drive system as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] In the present application, by inserting the guide rod into the through hole of the motor shaft body, the guide rod is provided with a first groove extending in the axial spiral, the first groove serves as a channel for liquid delivery, and the guide rod is fixedly connected to the motor shaft body. When the motor shaft body rotates, the medium in the first groove is axially pushed by the motor shaft due to the axial centrifugal force, so that the medium in the first groove can be delivered from one end of the motor shaft body to the other end of the motor shaft body. In this way, the motor shaft of this scheme is applied to the lubrication system in the electric drive system of the automobile, and the oil can be effectively delivered in the case of vehicle rollover. Moreover, the motor shaft cooperates with the work of the motor and can have a higher speed, so that the delivery of the oil can be well guaranteed, thereby achieving an efficient and reliable lubrication effect. On the other hand, since the guide rod is fixedly connected to the motor shaft body, there is no relative movement between the two during the rotation of the motor shaft, and no stalling, abnormal noise or wear and tear will occur. Among them, the guide rod is arranged in the through hole of the motor shaft body, which will not take up extra space of the entire electric drive system, making the electric drive system more compact. At the same time, compared with the active oil injection cooling and lubrication method, there is no need to pre-cast materials, machine, add oil plugs and other structures in order to increase the structure of the oil channel, which effectively optimizes the processing method and reduces the processing cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a motor shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a guide rod according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a cooling and lubrication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A local enlarged view of point A;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B.

[0023] The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and the component names is as follows:

[0024] 1 motor shaft; 2 guide rod, 201 first groove, 21 rod body, 22 convex rib; 3 convex block; 100 motor shaft; 200 motor housing, 2001 oil channel; 300 stator, 400 bearing; 500 gasket; 600 oil pan; 700 cooling and lubrication device; 800 gear box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The utility model provides a motor shaft, a motor, a cooling and lubricating device, an electric drive system and a vehicle. In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the utility model clearer and more specific, the utility model is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] At present, the cooling method of the motor mainly consists of oil cooling and water cooling. The cooling and lubrication system of the transmission system mainly adopts two methods: active lubrication and passive lubrication of oil. Active lubrication requires the addition of electric oil pumps, active oil injection pipelines and other components, which not only increases the control complexity of the electric drive system, but also increases the cost of the electric drive system. The electric drive system using active lubrication is also mostly used in oil-cooled motor systems. For water-cooled motors, passive lubrication is mostly used to cool and lubricate the shaft and gear system. Lubricating oil is provided to the shaft and gear system through gear stirring. When the electric drive system tilts, there is a situation where the gears cannot stir the oil. At this time, the shaft and gear system will be easily damaged due to insufficient lubricating oil.

[0029] Based on this, the present application provides a motor shaft that can be used in an automobile's electric drive system, has reliable and efficient cooling and lubrication effects, and can effectively reduce manufacturing costs, while reducing the size of the motor, making the electric drive system more compact and lightweight.

[0030] The preferred implementation methods of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of this specification.

[0031] Please refer to the attached Figures 1 to 5 An embodiment of one aspect of the present application provides a motor shaft 100, including a motor shaft body 1 and a guide rod 2.

[0032] The motor shaft body 1 of the present application is provided with a through hole extending in the axial direction, the guide rod 2 is provided in the through hole, and the guide rod 2 is provided with a first groove 201 extending in the axial direction spirally, the guide rod 2 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft body 1, so as to rotate with the motor shaft body 1 when the motor shaft body 1 rotates, and the first groove 201 is used to axially drive the medium in the first groove 201 during the rotation of the guide rod 2. The motor shaft is provided with a through hole inside the motor shaft body 1 and a guide rod 2 provided in the through hole, and the motor shaft body 1 is fixedly connected with the guide rod 2, so that during the rotation of the motor shaft, the guide rod 2 also rotates, so that the medium in the first groove 201 moves axially with the guide rod 2 due to the force, and finally, the medium in the first groove 201 flows from one end of the motor shaft body 1 to the other end. Since the guide rod 2 is hidden inside the hollow shaft of the motor, it is applied in the electric drive system of the vehicle, and it will not occupy the space of the electric drive system extra, and the medium is effectively driven axially under the rotation of the motor shaft, so as to avoid the situation that the oil cannot be transported in the case of rollover and cause lubrication failure. On the other hand, the motor shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the guide rod 2, and there is no relative movement between the two. The structure is simple and reliable, and there will be no stalling, abnormal noise or wear. In addition, the friction loss is reduced, which is conducive to the smooth operation of the motor and prolongs the service life of the electric drive system.

[0033] It is understandable that when the motor shaft is used in an electric drive system of a vehicle as a lubrication system component, the above-mentioned medium is delivered as lubricating oil.

[0034] Furthermore, the motor shaft of the present application is arranged at the input end of the first-stage transmission of the electric drive system, and has a relatively high rotation speed, so that the flow rate of the pump oil can also be well guaranteed. Compared with the active lubrication type cooling and lubrication system, the present application can reduce the power of the electric pump, save energy consumption, and save costs. Compared with the passive lubrication configuration, the present application can solve the consequences of assembly damage caused by the failure of lubrication on one side of the electric drive assembly in the roll condition.

[0035] It should be noted that the present design is applicable to the lubrication system of the vehicle's electric drive system, but is not limited thereto. The motor shaft of the present application can also be applied to other systems that require a driving medium, for example, it can be applied to mechanical equipment that requires lubrication with lubricating oil, as well as other occasions that require improving the lubrication effect and reducing friction losses.

[0036] Optionally, the guide rod 2 can be adaptively designed according to the actual inner diameter of the through hole of the motor shaft body 1, so as to fully utilize the internal space of the motor shaft body 1 and form a maximum volume space, thereby achieving a large flow rate oil pumping effect.

[0037] In some embodiments, the guide rod 2 is a screw rod, and the guide rod 2 includes a rod body 21 and a convex rib 22, the convex rib 22 is convexly arranged relative to the outer peripheral surface of the rod body 21 and spirally extends along the axial direction of the rod body 21, and the convex rib 22 and the surface of the rod body 21 enclose a first groove 201. The setting of the screw rod avoids chip processing on the guide rod 2, and there is no need to perform spiral chip processing on the inner side wall of the motor shaft body 1 in order to increase the delivery oil channel 2001, which effectively optimizes the processing method and reduces the processing cost.

[0038] More specifically, the rib 22 abuts against the surface of the motor shaft 1, so that a first groove 201 is enclosed between the rib 22 and the rod body 21 as an oil delivery channel. When the motor drives the motor shaft to rotate, the screw rotates around its own axis. Every time the screw rotates one circle, the oil in the first groove 201 will be pushed forward by one pitch. As the screw continues to rotate, the oil in the first groove 201 will be pressed from one end of the screw to the other end, thereby achieving a stable and efficient oil delivery effect. The lubrication system of the vehicle can be used to avoid the inability to ensure stable oil delivery when the vehicle rolls over, thereby affecting the normal operation of the shaft gear system.

[0039] For example, the screw of the present application is a screw structure based on the Archimedean screw.

[0040] In other embodiments, the guide rod 2 includes a rod body 21, the rod body 21 is inserted into the through hole, the rod body 21 abuts against or has a clearance fit with the through hole, and the peripheral side surface of the rod body 21 is recessed to form a first groove 201. In this way, the shape, size and depth of the first groove 201 can be adjusted according to actual needs to meet the needs of different systems. On the other hand, since the rod body 21 of the guide rod 2 is inserted into the through hole and abuts against or has a clearance fit with the through hole, the guide rod 2 can be easily replaced and maintained. For example, when the guide rod 2 is worn or damaged, it can be taken out of the through hole and replaced with a new guide rod 2.

[0041] In some embodiments, a second groove extending in an axial spiral is provided on the inner surface of the through hole, and the second groove is oriented in the same direction and arranged opposite to the first groove 201 to enclose a channel extending in an axial spiral. The second groove is oriented in the same direction and arranged opposite to the first groove 201, so that the liquid can be effectively transported axially along the channel enclosed by the first groove 201 and the second groove. Compared with the oil passage 2001 formed by superimposing two opposite spiral lines, since the motor shaft generates centrifugal force during rotation, under the influence of centrifugal force, friction and rotation direction, the design of the present application avoids the oil from being unable to be effectively transported in the target direction in the oil passage 2001, resulting in the oil being blocked somewhere.

[0042] It should be noted that in the prior art, when performing spiral chip processing on a long shaft, there are problems such as tool jumping, vibration, unstable processing, etc. due to the tool being too long. In addition, due to the limitation of the shaft diameter, the first groove 201 and the second groove are usually shallow groove features. By simultaneously configuring two first grooves 201 and second grooves with the same orientation and oppositely arranged, the demand for conveying a larger flow rate of oil can be met, and the oil lubrication effect can be effectively improved.

[0043] In some embodiments, the motor shaft 1 and the guide rod 2 are fixed by welding, which can ensure that the guide rod 2 and the motor shaft 1 remain stable during the rotation process and will not loosen or fall off. This helps to ensure the stable operation of the lubrication system and improve the service life of the electric drive system. Welding is a commonly used metal connection method with the advantages of simple operation, fastness and reliability. By welding the motor shaft 1 and the guide rod 2, the manufacturing process can be simplified and the production efficiency can be improved.

[0044] In some embodiments, one of the guide rod 2 and the motor shaft 1 is provided with a limit groove, and the other of the guide rod 2 and the motor shaft 1 is provided with a protrusion 3, which is embedded in the limit groove. When the motor shaft 1 rotates, the guide rod 2 is driven to rotate by the protrusion 3 abutting against the limit groove. Figure 5 As shown, by providing the limiting groove and the protrusion 3, the rotation position of the guide rod 2 on the motor shaft body 1 can be limited to prevent the guide rod 2 from swinging excessively or falling off during the rotation process. At the same time, the protrusion 3 is embedded in the limiting groove, which increases the connection strength and stability between the guide rod 2 and the motor shaft body 1.

[0045] Furthermore, the abutment between the protrusion 3 and the limiting groove can ensure that the guide rod 2 always maintains a stable relative position with the motor shaft 1 during the rotation process, thereby ensuring that the lubricating oil can be smoothly driven axially.

[0046] For example, the guide rod 2 and the motor shaft 1 are connected by welding, and the welding point between the two is the clamping position of the protrusion 3 and the limiting groove, which further improves the connection stability between the guide rod 2 and the motor shaft 1.

[0047] An embodiment of a second aspect of the present application provides a motor, including a motor housing 200, a stator 300 and a rotor, wherein the rotor includes the motor shaft 100 of any of the above embodiments.

[0048] Specifically, the motor housing 200 is provided with an oil passage 2001, the stator 300 and the rotor are arranged in the motor housing 200, the rotor includes the motor shaft 100 of any of the above embodiments, one axial end of the first groove 201 of the motor shaft 100 is connected with the oil passage 2001, and the motor shaft 100 can transport the medium in the oil passage 2001 along the first groove 201. Among them, the oil passage 2001 provided in the motor housing 200 provides the first groove 201 with a transport medium, and when the motor is started, since the first groove 201 of the motor shaft 100 is connected with the oil passage 2001, the motor shaft 100 can transport the oil stored in the oil passage 2001 to the other end of the motor shaft 100. Furthermore, the oil delivery structure is arranged inside the hollow shaft of the motor, so that the motor has a lubricating effect. At the same time, the lubrication structure does not occupy additional space in the motor, making the structure of the motor more compact. Moreover, during the start-up of the motor, the motor shaft body 1 and the guide rod 2 in the motor shaft 100 have no relative movement due to the fixed connection, and no stalling, abnormal noise or wear will occur.

[0049] In some embodiments, the motor further includes a bearing 400 and a gasket 500, wherein the bearing 400 is connected to the motor housing 200, the outer surface of the motor shaft 100 is nested in the shaft hole of the bearing 400, and the gasket 500 is installed on the motor shaft 100 and abuts against the bearing 400 and the motor housing 200. By arranging the bearing 400 and the gasket 500 on the motor shaft 100, the stability of the motor shaft 100 in the motor housing 200 can be enhanced, and the arrangement of the gasket 500 can also axially position the motor shaft 100 to prevent the motor shaft 100 from shaking or vibrating during high-speed operation, which helps to improve the smooth operation performance of the motor and extend the service life of the motor. Among them, the gasket 500 plays a role in buffering and shock absorption, which can reduce the noise and vibration that may be generated during the operation of the motor and provide a quieter and more stable operating environment.

[0050] The third aspect of the present application provides a cooling and lubricating device 700, comprising a gearbox 800 and a motor of any of the above embodiments, wherein one end of the motor shaft 100 of the motor away from the oil passage 2001 of the motor extends into the gearbox 800 and is connected to the gear in the gearbox 800, and one end of the first groove 201 of the motor away from the oil passage 2001 is connected to the gearbox 800, and under the drive of the motor, the medium in the oil passage 2001 is transported to the gearbox 800 along the first groove 201. The gearbox 800 is a transmission component commonly used in mechanical equipment, and the gears inside it are prone to generate a large amount of heat during the transmission process. When the motor is started, the motor shaft 100 automatically rotates to transport the lubricating oil from the oil passage 2001 to the gearbox 800. This automated lubrication method has a simpler structure, and can reduce the power of the electric pump, save energy consumption, and save costs compared to the active lubrication configuration; for the passive lubrication configuration, it can solve the consequences of assembly damage caused by the failure of lubrication on one side of the electric drive assembly in the roll condition.

[0051] It can be understood that the above-mentioned motor shaft 100 is used to transport the lubricating oil in the motor oil channel 2001 to one end of the gear box 800. Since the motor shaft 100 is arranged at the input end of the first-stage transmission and has a higher rotation speed, the flow rate of the pump oil can also be well guaranteed, thereby achieving a more efficient and reliable lubrication effect, reducing the friction loss of the gear, improving the transmission efficiency, and extending the service life of the gear.

[0052] In some embodiments, the cooling and lubricating device 700 further includes an oil pan 600 and an oil pump. The oil pan 600 is connected to the motor housing 200. The oil pan 600 is used to store oil. The oil pump is configured to deliver the oil stored in the oil pan 600 to the oil passage 2001. By providing the oil pan 600 and the oil pump, the lubricating oil can be pumped from the oil pan 600 to the oil passage 2001, and then the lubricating oil is delivered to the gear box 800 for cooling and lubrication through the action of the motor, and recycled, thereby improving the utilization rate of the lubricating oil and the sustainability of the system. The oil pan 600 is used to store a large amount of lubricating oil, which can meet the needs of long-term or large-scale lubrication. At the same time, since the oil pan 600 is connected to the motor housing 200, it can be used as a protective device to protect the motor and the gear box 800 to a certain extent, and prevent external impurities or moisture from entering them.

[0053] The oil pan 600 is the lower half of the crankcase, also known as the lower crankcase. The function of the oil pan 600 is to seal the crankcase as the outer shell of the oil storage tank to prevent impurities from entering, collect and store the lubricating oil flowing back from the friction surfaces in the vehicle, dissipate some heat, and prevent the lubricating oil from oxidizing.

[0054] An embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application provides an electric drive system for a vehicle, comprising a cooling and lubrication device 700 according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0055] Specifically, the electric drive system is mainly composed of a motor system, a transmission system, a cooling and lubrication system, a control system, a controller system, etc. The cooling and lubrication system provides cooling and lubrication for the electric drive system in the entire electric drive system, and is an indispensable component for improving efficiency and ensuring the normal operation of the electric drive system. The cooling and lubrication device 700 can be applied to a distributed electric drive system, which is conducive to realizing the high speed, integration, miniaturization, and high efficiency of the electric drive assembly of the vehicle.

[0056] When the cooling and lubricating device 700 of any of the above embodiments is applied to the cooling and lubricating system, since the above motor shaft 100 will rotate synchronously with the start of the motor, the oil in the motor can be synchronously delivered to the shaft gear system during the rotation process, so as to have the function of stably and reliably delivering lubricating oil. For example, when the vehicle is rolling on a high-speed loop, the oil can be effectively delivered, which effectively improves the lubrication effect of the vehicle lubrication system and prolongs the service life of the electric drive system. Moreover, the motor shaft 100 for delivering oil is arranged at the input end of the first-stage transmission of the electric drive system, and has a high rotation speed, so that the flow rate of the pump oil can also be well guaranteed.

[0057] An embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present application provides an electric drive system for a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and an electric drive system arranged on the vehicle body, wherein the electric drive system is the electric drive system described in any of the above embodiments, and thus has all the above beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0058] It is understandable that those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes based on the technical solution and the utility model concept of the utility model, and all these changes or substitutions should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor shaft, characterized in that: include: A motor shaft body, wherein the motor shaft body is provided with a through hole penetrating along the axial direction; A guide rod, wherein the guide rod is inserted into the through hole, and a first groove extending in an axial spiral direction is provided on the guide rod. The guide rod is fixedly connected to the motor shaft so as to rotate along with the motor shaft when the motor shaft rotates. The first groove is used to axially drive the medium in the first groove during the rotation of the guide rod.

2. The motor shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rod is a screw rod, comprising a rod body and a convex rib, wherein the convex rib is convexly arranged relative to the outer peripheral surface of the rod body and extends spirally along the axial direction of the rod body, and the convex rib and the surface of the rod body enclose the first groove.

3. The motor shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rod comprises a rod body, the rod body is inserted into the through hole, the rod body abuts against or is in clearance fit with the through hole, and the peripheral side surface of the rod body is recessed to form the first groove.

4. The motor shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A second groove extending in an axial spiral direction is arranged on the inner surface of the through hole. The second groove has the same orientation as the first groove and is arranged opposite to the first groove to enclose a channel extending in an axial spiral direction.

5. The motor shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The motor shaft is fixed to the guide rod by welding.

6. The motor shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: One of the guide rod and the motor shaft is provided with a limiting groove, and the other of the guide rod and the motor shaft is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is embedded in the limiting groove. When the motor shaft rotates, the guide rod is driven to rotate by the protrusion abutting against the limiting groove.

7. A motor, characterized in that: include: A motor housing, wherein the motor housing is provided with an oil passage; A stator and a rotor, wherein the stator and the rotor are arranged in the motor housing; The rotor comprises the motor shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an axial end of a first groove of the motor shaft is connected to the oil passage, and the motor shaft can transport the medium in the oil passage along the first groove.

8. The motor according to claim 7, characterized in that Also includes: A bearing and a gasket, wherein the bearing is connected to the motor housing, the outer surface of the motor shaft is nested in the shaft hole of the bearing, and the gasket is installed on the motor shaft and abuts between the bearing and the motor housing.

9. A cooling and lubrication device, characterized in that: It comprises a gearbox and a motor as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein one end of the motor shaft of the motor away from the oil channel of the motor extends into the gearbox and is connected to the gear transmission in the gearbox, one end of the first groove of the motor away from the oil channel is connected to the gearbox, and under the drive of the motor, the medium in the oil channel is transported to the gearbox along the first groove.

10. The cooling and lubricating device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cooling and lubricating device further comprises an oil pan and an oil pump. The oil pan is connected to the motor housing and is used to store oil. The oil pump is configured to transport the oil stored in the oil pan to the oil channel.

11. An electric drive system, characterized in that: Comprising the cooling and lubrication device according to claim 9 or 10.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body and an electric drive system arranged on the vehicle body, and the electric drive system is the electric drive system as claimed in claim 11.

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