Unmanned aerial vehicle wireless signal countering high-gain directional antenna
The high-gain directional antenna addresses low gain and short range issues by using opposing excitation dipoles and resonant ring modules, enhancing UAV detection capabilities.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421139997.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-23
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing UAV countering antennas have low gain and short countering distance, making them inadequate for long-distance high-speed UAV detection.
A high-gain directional antenna design featuring a substrate with opposing excitation dipoles, cut angles, reflective patches, and open resonant ring modules, connected via connecting columns, to enhance antenna gain and bandwidth.
The design achieves high gain, ease of processing, and low profile, suitable for LORA band broadband wireless communication systems, with improved bandwidth and gain characteristics.
Smart Images
Figure CN222282239U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a high-gain directional antenna for countering wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles. Background Art
[0002] The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a substrate, a radiator, and other parts. The substrate is usually made of a dielectric thin plate, and its thickness is much smaller than the operating wavelength of the microstrip antenna. The radiator, also known as the exciter, is made of a conductive layer attached to the front of the substrate. Its shape varies depending on the type of antenna, usually in the shape of a strip, E-shaped, or disc. Some microstrip antennas also include a ground layer on the back of the substrate, which is also made of a conductive layer and can be used to reflect electromagnetic waves.
[0003] The conductive layer of a microstrip antenna is generally made through processes such as photolithography and coating. It has a thin metal layer of a specific shape. Various strip-shaped conductive layers are also called microstrip lines. In addition to constituting exciters, reflectors, etc., they can also be used as antenna accessories such as directors, couplers and various converters.
[0004] In the prior art, for example, the technical solution described in the patent with publication number: CN220400903U: a Yagi antenna and communication equipment, including a substrate, an antenna body, and a plurality of dielectric resonators, wherein the plurality of dielectric resonators are arranged along the axial direction of the substrate to form a dielectric resonator array.
[0005] The Yagi directional antenna in the prior art has the problem of low antenna gain. When combating the phenomenon of illegal flying, the counterattack distance is short and it is inconvenient to use. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-gain directional antenna for countering UAV wireless signals, so as to solve the problem that the UAV countering antenna has a small gain and a short countering distance in the prior art proposed in the background technology, and cannot meet the long-distance requirements of the existing high-speed UAV countering.
[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:
[0008] A high-gain directional antenna for counteracting wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles comprises a substrate, the substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface; a first antenna component is arranged on the first surface, a second antenna component is arranged on the second surface, and the first antenna component and the second antenna component are connected via a connecting column;
[0009] The first antenna assembly includes a first excitation dipole; the second antenna assembly includes a second excitation dipole; wherein the first excitation dipole is arranged below the first surface, the second excitation dipole is arranged below the second surface, and the first excitation dipole is arranged opposite to the second excitation dipole;
[0010] A first cut angle is arranged on the first excitation oscillator; a second cut angle is arranged on the second excitation oscillator, and the first cut angle and the second cut angle form an opening angle for increasing the bandwidth of the antenna.
[0011] According to the above technical solution, the first antenna assembly further includes a first reflective patch, which is arranged below the first surface, and the second antenna assembly further includes a second reflective patch, which is arranged below the second surface.
[0012] According to the above technical solution, the first reflective patch and the second reflective patch are connected via a connecting column.
[0013] According to the above technical solution, an open resonant ring module is arranged on the surface of the substrate, and the open resonant ring module is used to increase the antenna gain.
[0014] According to the above technical solution, the open resonant ring module is a U-shaped structure, and a connecting block is arranged at the end of the open resonant ring module, and the connecting block is arranged toward the inner side of the open resonant ring module.
[0015] According to the above technical solution, two connection blocks are provided on the open resonant ring module, and the two connection blocks are respectively provided at two ends of the open resonant ring module, and an opening is formed between the two connection blocks.
[0016] According to the above technical solution, the split resonant ring module includes a first split resonant ring module and a second split resonant ring module, wherein the first split resonant ring module is arranged on the first surface, and the second split resonant ring module is arranged on the second surface.
[0017] According to the above technical solution, the first open resonant ring module and the second open resonant ring module are arranged opposite to each other.
[0018] According to the above technical solution, a director vibrator is also arranged on the first surface, and a plurality of director vibrators are arranged.
[0019] According to the above technical solution, a plurality of director vibrators are arranged between the first split resonant ring module and the first excitation vibrator.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0021] In the utility model, a first excitation vibrator is arranged on the first surface, a second excitation vibrator is arranged on the second surface, and a first cut angle is arranged on the first excitation vibrator; a second cut angle is arranged on the second excitation vibrator, and the first excitation vibrator and the second excitation vibrator are processed to be arranged relative to each other, so that the first cut angle and the second cut angle form an angle, thereby improving the antenna gain.
[0022] The solution of the utility model has the characteristics of easy processing, low profile, simple feeding, and high gain, and can be used in a LORA band broadband wireless communication system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first surface structure of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second surface structure of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a diagram of simulation and test results of the utility model.
[0026] Markings in the figure: 100-first surface, 200-second surface, 300-first excitation oscillator, 400-second excitation oscillator, 500-first cut angle, 600-second cut angle, 700-first reflection patch, 800-second reflection patch, 900-connecting column, 110-first open resonant ring module, 111-second open resonant ring module, 112-guide oscillator, 113-connecting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0028] Embodiment 1
[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a high-gain directional antenna for counteracting wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles includes a substrate, the substrate includes a first surface 100 and a second surface 200; a first antenna component is arranged on the first surface 100, a second antenna component is arranged on the second surface 200, and the first antenna component and the second antenna component are connected through a connecting column 900;
[0030] The first antenna assembly includes a first excitation oscillator 300; the second antenna assembly includes a second excitation oscillator 400; wherein a first cut angle 500 is provided on the first excitation oscillator 300; a second cut angle 600 is provided on the second excitation oscillator 400, and the first excitation oscillator 300 and the second excitation oscillator 400 are arranged opposite to each other; the first cut angle 500 and the second cut angle 600 form an opening angle for increasing the antenna bandwidth;
[0031] Furthermore, the structure and size of the first excitation vibrator 300 and the second excitation vibrator 400 determine the frequency range of the antenna, and the increased bandwidth is the bandwidth within this frequency range. For example, for a 2.4G antenna vibrator, the angle adjustment frequency range is within the frequency range of 2.3 to 2.6G.
[0032] An open resonant ring module is also provided on the surface of the substrate, and the open resonant ring module is used to increase the antenna gain.
[0033] In the utility model, a first excitation vibrator 300 is arranged on a first surface 100, a second excitation vibrator 400 is arranged on a second surface 200, and a first cut angle 500 is arranged on the first excitation vibrator 300; a second cut angle 600 is arranged on the second excitation vibrator 400, and the first excitation vibrator 300 and the second excitation vibrator 400 are arranged relative to each other by processing, so that the first cut angle 500 and the second cut angle 600 form an opening angle, thereby improving the antenna gain.
[0034] The solution of the utility model has the characteristics of easy processing, low profile, simple feeding, and high gain, and can be used in a LORA band broadband wireless communication system.
[0035] Embodiment 2
[0036] This embodiment is a further refinement of the first embodiment.
[0037] The first antenna assembly further includes a first reflective patch 700 , which is disposed below the first surface 100 . The second antenna assembly further includes a second reflective patch 800 , which is disposed below the second surface 200 .
[0038] The first reflective patch 700 and the second reflective patch 800 are connected via a connecting column 900 .
[0039] The first excitation vibrator 300 is disposed below the first surface 100 , and the second excitation vibrator 400 is disposed below the second surface 200 .
[0040] The split resonant ring module is a U-shaped structure. A connecting block 113 is disposed at the end of the split resonant ring module. The connecting block 113 is disposed toward the inner side of the split resonant ring module.
[0041] There are two connection blocks 113 on the split resonant ring module. The two connection blocks 113 are respectively arranged at two ends of the split resonant ring module, and an opening is formed between the two connection blocks 113 .
[0042] The split resonant ring module includes a first split resonant ring module 110 and a second split resonant ring module 111 , wherein the first split resonant ring module 110 is disposed on the first surface 100 , and the second split resonant ring module 111 is disposed on the second surface 200 .
[0043] The first split resonant ring module 110 and the second split resonant ring module 111 are disposed opposite to each other.
[0044] A director vibrator 112 is also disposed on the first surface 100 , and a plurality of director vibrators 112 are provided.
[0045] The plurality of director oscillators 112 are disposed between the first split ring resonator module 110 and the first excitation oscillator 300 .
[0046] The utility model aims to solve the problem that the existing single-director printed quasi-Yagi antenna has a small gain and cannot meet the actual needs. The utility model includes a substrate, a first excitation vibrator 300, a second excitation vibrator 400, a first reflection patch 700, a second reflection patch 800, eight director vibrators 112, and four open resonant ring modules. The first reflection patch 700 and the second reflection patch 800 are printed on the lower part of the substrate. The eight director vibrators 112 and the four open resonant ring modules are printed on the upper part of the first surface 100 and the second surface 200 of the substrate from top to bottom, and the first reflection patch 700 and the second reflection patch 800 are printed on the first surface 100 and the second surface 200 of the substrate in a straight line, and are connected by a connecting column 900 in the middle. The first excitation vibrator 300 and the second excitation vibrator 400 form an active vibrator, the front microstrip line is connected to the first surface 100 of the substrate, and the back microstrip line is connected to the second reflective patch 800 of the second surface 200 of the substrate. This method realizes the conversion of balance and imbalance, so that the first excitation vibrator 300 and the second excitation vibrator 400 on the left and right sides can form a half-cycle phase difference. The antenna's director vibrator 112 is capacitive to the induced signal, and the current leads the voltage by 90°; the electromagnetic wave induced by the director vibrator 112 radiates to the first excitation vibrator 300 and the second excitation vibrator 400, and the radiation signal lags by 90° after a quarter wavelength, which just offsets the "lead" caused by the previous signal, and the two have the same phase, so the signals are superimposed and strengthened.
[0047] Embodiment 3
[0048] This embodiment is a further refinement of the second embodiment.
[0049] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2The present embodiment is described. The novel high-gain printed Yagi antenna described in the present embodiment includes a substrate, a first excitation vibrator 300, a second excitation vibrator 400, a first reflection patch 700, a second reflection patch 800, eight guide vibrators 112 and four open resonant ring modules. The first reflection patch 700 and the second reflection patch 800 are respectively printed on the lower part of the first surface 100 and the second surface 200 of the substrate. The first reflection patch 700 and the second reflection patch 800 are closed metal layers composed of several metal cylinders and rectangular metal sheets, and the straight edges of the first reflection patch 700 and the second reflection patch 800 coincide with the bottom edge of the front side of the substrate. The eight guide vibrators 112 and the open resonant ring modules are printed in sequence from top to bottom on the upper part of the front side of the substrate. The first excitation vibrator 300 and the second excitation vibrator 400 are respectively printed on the first surface 100 and the second surface 200 of the substrate in a straight line to form an active vibrator.
[0050] Specific implementation method two: combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present embodiment is described. The length of the substrate of the novel high-gain printed Yagi antenna described in the present embodiment is 230 mm, the width of the substrate is 70 mm, and the thickness of the substrate is 1.2 mm.
[0051] The technical effect of this embodiment is that the impedance characteristics and radiation characteristics of the antenna are good. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0052] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment is described. The length of the first reflective patch 700 and the second reflective patch 800 of the novel high-gain printed Yagi antenna described in this embodiment is 70 mm.
[0053] Specific implementation method four: combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment is described. In this embodiment, the width of the first excitation vibrator 300, the second excitation vibrator 400 and the eight guiding vibrators 112 of a novel high-gain printed Yagi antenna are all 5 mm, and the length of each guiding vibrator 112 is 46 mm.
[0054] Specific implementation method five: combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 To illustrate this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent guiding vibrators 112 of a new type of high-gain printed Yagi antenna described in this embodiment is 19 mm, the distance between the first excitation vibrator 300 and the second excitation vibrator 400 and an adjacent guiding vibrator 112 is 19 mm, the distance between the first excitation vibrator 300 and the second excitation vibrator 400 is 0.8 mm, and the length of the first excitation vibrator 300 and the second excitation vibrator 400 is 54 mm.
[0055] The technical effect of this embodiment is that: with such a configuration, the impedance characteristics and radiation characteristics of the antenna are good. The other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0056] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows ( Figure 3 As shown): The simulation and test results of the utility model match well, the bandwidth is 862-870MHz lz, the gain within this frequency band is greater than 15dB i, the maximum gain of 18.9dB i is achieved at 868MHz, and the sidelobe level is also below -10dB.
[0057] The utility model is easy to process, has a low profile, simple feeding, and high gain, and can be used in LORA band broadband wireless communication systems. The utility model adopts a connecting column 900, a first reflection patch 700, and a second reflection patch 800, so that the center of the active vibrator is located at the focus of the antenna, and optimizes the design of the length of the guiding vibrator 112 and the distance between the guiding vibrator 112 and the active vibrator, so that the energy is transmitted forward to the maximum extent, thereby improving the gain of the antenna. The utility model adds multiple guiding vibrators 112 above the active vibrator to maximize the antenna gain; the utility model connects the first excitation vibrator 300 and the second excitation vibrator 400 through a metal via, gets rid of the multi-layer design, and has practical value.
[0058] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.
[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A high-gain directional antenna for counteracting wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles, comprising a substrate, characterized in that: The substrate comprises a first surface (100) and a second surface (200); a first antenna component is arranged on the first surface (100), a second antenna component is arranged on the second surface (200), and the first antenna component and the second antenna component are connected via a connecting column (900); The first antenna component comprises a first excitation oscillator (300); the second antenna component comprises a second excitation oscillator (400); wherein a first cut angle (500) is arranged on the first excitation oscillator (300); a second cut angle (600) is arranged on the second excitation oscillator (400), and the first excitation oscillator (300) and the second excitation oscillator (400) are arranged opposite to each other; the first cut angle (500) and the second cut angle (600) form an opening angle for increasing the antenna bandwidth; An open resonant ring module is also provided on the surface of the substrate, and the open resonant ring module is used to increase the antenna gain.
2. The high-gain directional antenna for countering wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antenna assembly further includes a first reflection patch (700), which is disposed below the first surface (100), and the second antenna assembly further includes a second reflection patch (800), which is disposed below the second surface (200).
3. The high-gain directional antenna for countering wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first reflective patch (700) and the second reflective patch (800) are connected via a connecting column (900).
4. The high-gain directional antenna for countering wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first excitation vibrator (300) is arranged below the first surface (100), and the second excitation vibrator (400) is arranged below the second surface (200).
5. The high-gain directional antenna for countering wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open resonant ring module is a U-shaped structure. A connection block (113) is arranged at the end of the open resonant ring module, and the connection block (113) is arranged toward the inner side of the open resonant ring module.
6. The high-gain directional antenna for countering wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two connection blocks (113) are provided on the open resonant ring module. The two connection blocks (113) are respectively provided at two ends of the open resonant ring module, and an opening is formed between the two connection blocks (113).
7. The high-gain directional antenna for countering wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The open resonant ring module comprises a first open resonant ring module (110) and a second open resonant ring module (111), wherein the first open resonant ring module (110) is arranged on a first surface (100), and the second open resonant ring module (111) is arranged on a second surface (200).
8. The high-gain directional antenna for counteracting wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first open resonant ring module (110) and the second open resonant ring module (111) are arranged opposite to each other.
9. The high-gain directional antenna for counteracting wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide vibrator (112) is also arranged on the first surface (100), and a plurality of guide vibrators (112) are arranged.
10. The high-gain directional antenna for counteracting wireless signals of unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of guide oscillators (112) are arranged between the first split resonant ring module (110) and the first excitation oscillator (300).