Mine soil field vegetation recovery structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mine ecological restoration, in particular to a mine soil field vegetation restoration structure. The artificial wetland comprises a substrate layer, a vegetation layer is arranged on the top of the substrate layer, partition layers are arranged on the two sides of the substrate layer and the vegetation layer, the substrate layer is used for supporting the vegetation layer, and the vegetation layer is used for absorbing and enriching pollutants contained in the substrate layer. The partition layer is used for preventing pollutants in the substrate layer from diffusing to an area adjacent to the substrate layer, the substrate layer comprises a soil substrate, a root system layer is arranged at the top of the soil substrate, and a microorganism layer is arranged in the root system layer; in the mine soil field vegetation recovery structure, the arranged matrix layer is used for providing support for the vegetation layer, the vegetation layer is used for absorbing and enriching pollutants contained in the matrix layer, and the partition layer is used for preventing the pollutants in the matrix layer from diffusing to the area adjacent to the matrix layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mine ecological restoration, in particular to a mine soil field vegetation restoration structure. Background Art

[0002] Mining plays an irreplaceable role in the rapid economic development of my country, but it also causes damage to the ecological environment. In the process of mining, especially in open-pit mining sites, a large amount of non-ore waste will inevitably be abandoned, and the concentrated discharge site will form a soil dump. The soil dump will not only occupy a large amount of land, but also be a giant artificial pile of loose structure mountain. If not handled in time, it will not only cause soil erosion, but also mudslides. At the same time, the metal sulfides in the waste will also leach a large amount of acidic wastewater containing heavy metals when exposed to water and air, causing great pollution to the surrounding environment. Vegetation restoration of the soil dump can not only reduce the risk of water loss, but also be an effective measure to control the pollution of heavy metal acidic wastewater in the soil dump. However, for the vegetation restoration of acidic soil dumps, the high concentration of heavy metals and polar acidity in the soil are important limiting factors that restrict plant growth, and are also the difficulty of vegetation restoration.

[0003] There are many existing technologies for vegetation restoration structures, such as:

[0004] Chinese patent announcement number CN208675708U discloses a vegetation restoration structure for the slope of an acidic soil dump in a mine, which includes a water guide hole, a water guide pipe, an isolation layer, and a matrix layer; the water guide pipe is buried as a whole under the three-dimensional net, and the water guide pipe is a "7" shape, with the shorter end inserted into the water guide hole. The isolation layer is composed of a three-dimensional net, clay, and straw curtains. Its structure is that the three-dimensional net is located at the bottom layer, then filled with clay, and finally covered with straw curtains. The straw curtains and the three-dimensional net are anchored by U-shaped rivets; the matrix layer is a plant growth area, located above the isolation layer. The utility model realizes a virtuous cycle of ecological restoration by guiding the discharge of acidic leachate, isolating and covering, and preventing further acidification, and further controlling the spread of environmental pollutants through the restoration of vegetation.

[0005] Existing vegetation restoration structures usually set up a barrier layer around the polluted area to prevent heavy metal pollutants in the soil from flowing to other areas with groundwater, thereby causing the pollution area to expand, and then the plants that can enrich heavy metal elements on the surface absorb the pollutants. However, due to the serious salinization of the mine pollution area, the soil environment is relatively harsh, and there are fewer species of plants and microorganisms suitable for growth. The enrichment effect of the vegetation layer is relatively general, and if the vegetation structure is relatively simple, the vegetation has a weak aggregation effect on the soil. When encountering heavy rainfall, pollutants will be lost to other areas with water and soil. For example, the above-mentioned patent proposes a mine acid soil dump slope vegetation restoration structure, which plants plants in the matrix layer, but does not solve the problem of single vegetation species, which leads to the weak enrichment effect of vegetation on pollutants and the aggregation effect on soil.

[0006] In view of this, we propose a mine soil field vegetation restoration structure to improve the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the invention

[0007] The utility model aims to provide a mining soil field vegetation restoration structure to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the utility model provides a mining soil field vegetation restoration structure, comprising a substrate layer, a vegetation layer is arranged on the top of the substrate layer, and barrier layers are arranged on both sides of the substrate layer and the vegetation layer. The substrate layer is used to provide support for the vegetation layer, the vegetation layer is used to absorb and enrich the pollutants contained in the substrate layer, and the barrier layer is used to prevent the pollutants in the substrate layer from diffusing to the area adjacent to the substrate layer.

[0009] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the substrate layer includes a soil substrate, a root layer is provided on the top of the soil substrate, and a microbial layer is provided in the root layer.

[0010] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the vegetation layer is provided with a canopy layer, a shrub layer and a covering layer in sequence from high to low in the vertical direction.

[0011] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the roots of the canopy layer, the shrub layer and the covering layer are all connected to the root system layer.

[0012] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the material of the barrier layer is a biodegradable ground film, and the thickness of the barrier layer is 0.5-5 cm.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] In the mine soil field vegetation restoration structure, the matrix layer is used to provide support for the vegetation layer, the vegetation layer is used to absorb and enrich the pollutants contained in the matrix layer, and the barrier layer is used to prevent the pollutants in the matrix layer from diffusing to the area adjacent to the matrix layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0018] 10. Matrix layer; 11. Root layer; 12. Microbial layer;

[0019] 20. Vegetation layer; 21. Canopy layer; 22. Shrub layer; 23. Cover layer;

[0020] 30. Partition layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model. Example

[0022] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a mining soil field vegetation restoration structure, including a matrix layer 10, a vegetation layer 20 is arranged on the top of the matrix layer 10, and barrier layers 30 are arranged on both sides of the matrix layer 10 and the vegetation layer 20. The matrix layer 10 is used to provide support for the vegetation layer 20, the vegetation layer 20 is used to absorb and enrich the pollutants contained in the matrix layer 10, and the barrier layer 30 is used to prevent the pollutants in the matrix layer 10 from diffusing to the area adjacent to the matrix layer 10.

[0023] Working principle: When the mine soil field vegetation restoration structure provided by the utility model is used, the matrix layer 10 is used to provide support for the vegetation layer 20, the vegetation layer 20 is used to absorb and enrich the pollutants contained in the matrix layer 10, and the isolation layer 30 is used to prevent the pollutants in the matrix layer 10 from diffusing to the area adjacent to the matrix layer 10.

[0024] In order to provide support for the vegetation layer 20, the matrix layer 10 includes a soil matrix, a root layer 11 is provided on the top of the soil matrix, and a microbial layer 12 is provided in the root layer 11; the soil matrix provides the material basis for the growth of the vegetation layer 20, including water, nutrients and support; stores organic matter and nutrients to maintain the stability and productivity of the ecosystem; forms a growth space for the roots to support the expansion and development of the roots of the vegetation layer 20.

[0025] Taking into account the need to absorb and enrich the pollutants contained in the matrix layer 10, the vegetation layer 20 is provided with a canopy layer 21, a shrub layer 22 and a covering layer 23 in the vertical direction from high to low; the covering layer 23 is mainly composed of herbaceous plants, ground cover plants and mosses, which are densely distributed on the soil surface to play a covering and protective role; the shrub layer 22 is composed of lower shrubs and short trees, which grow above the covering layer 23 and below the canopy layer 21 to form an intermediate layer; the canopy layer 21 is composed of taller trees, which usually grow above the shrub layer 22 to form a canopy covering the entire vegetation, providing functions such as windbreak and sand fixation and air purification.

[0026] In order to support the growth and development of plants and improve the air permeability and drainage of the soil, the roots of the canopy layer 21, the shrub layer 22 and the covering layer 23 are all connected to the root layer 11; the material of the barrier layer 30 is biodegradable mulch, and the thickness of the barrier layer 30 is 0.5-5 cm; the root layer 11 is intertwined with the covering layer 23, the shrub layer 22 and the canopy layer 21 of the surface vegetation, and the plant roots and soil microorganisms constitute this layer, which affect the soil structure and nutrient cycle through root extension and microbial activity.

[0027] The mine soil field vegetation restoration structure provided in the utility model is used to provide support for the vegetation layer 20 through the set matrix layer 10 during specific use. Specifically, the soil matrix provides the material basis for the growth of the vegetation layer 20, including water, nutrients and support; stores organic matter and nutrients to maintain the stability and productivity of the ecosystem; forms a growth space for the root system to support the root expansion and development of the vegetation layer 20; the vegetation layer 20 is used to absorb and enrich the pollutants contained in the matrix layer 10. Specifically, the shrub layer 22 is composed of lower shrubs and dwarf trees, which grow above the covering layer 23 and below the canopy layer 21 to form an intermediate layer; the canopy layer 21 is composed of taller trees, which usually grow above the shrub layer 22 to form a canopy covering the entire vegetation, providing functions such as windbreak and sand fixation and air purification; and the barrier layer 30 is used to prevent the pollutants in the matrix layer 10 from spreading to the area adjacent to the matrix layer 10.

[0028] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected. The scope of protection of the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mine soil field vegetation restoration structure, characterized by: The invention comprises a substrate layer (10), a vegetation layer (20) being arranged on the top of the substrate layer (10), and barrier layers (30) being arranged on both sides of the substrate layer (10) and the vegetation layer (20), the substrate layer (10) being used to provide support for the vegetation layer (20), the vegetation layer (20) being used to absorb and enrich pollutants contained in the substrate layer (10), and the barrier layer (30) being used to prevent pollutants in the substrate layer (10) from diffusing to an area adjacent to the substrate layer (10).

2. The mine soil field vegetation restoration structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The substrate layer (10) comprises a soil substrate, a root layer (11) is provided on the top of the soil substrate, and a microorganism layer (12) is provided in the root layer (11).

3. The mine soil field vegetation restoration structure according to claim 2 is characterized by: The vegetation layer (20) is provided with a canopy layer (21), a shrub layer (22) and a covering layer (23) in order from high to low in the vertical direction.

4. The mine soil field vegetation restoration structure according to claim 3 is characterized by: The roots of the tree canopy layer (21), the shrub layer (22) and the covering layer (23) are all connected to the root system layer (11).

5. The mine soil field vegetation restoration structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The material of the barrier layer (30) is a biodegradable ground film, and the thickness of the barrier layer (30) is 0.5-5 cm.

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