Support-free semi-separated underground structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of buildings, in particular to a support-free semi-separated underground structure, which is characterized in that at least two groups of prefabricated side plates are connected to form side walls of the underground structure, at least two groups of prefabricated top plates are connected to form a top wall of the underground structure, and a cast-in-place bottom plate is poured between the two side walls of the underground structure; an underground structure is defined by the cast-in-place bottom plate, the two side walls and the top wall; preformed holes are formed in the tops of the prefabricated side plates in the vertical direction, positioning steel bars are embedded in the two ends of the prefabricated top plate in the vertical direction, the width of the prefabricated top plate corresponds to the width of plate bodies of the prefabricated side plates, and the positioning steel bars at the two ends of the prefabricated top plate are correspondingly inserted into the preformed holes of the two sets of prefabricated side plates; and the prefabricated top plate is buckled and fixed on the two prefabricated side plates. According to the utility model, the rapid assembly type construction of the underground structure can be completed under the conditions of no support and small excavation, and the construction efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of construction, in particular to a support-free semi-separated underground structure. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of urban construction, the demand for underground structures such as underpasses at grade-separated road intersections and underground parking lots is increasing, and the construction requirements are also getting higher and higher. Traditional underground structures such as underpasses at grade-separated road intersections and underground parking lots are mainly cast-in-place, which has the following problems: 1. The cast-in-place production process and production method are relatively extensive, resulting in serious waste of steel, cement, water and soil resources and serious environmental pollution; 2. The cast-in-place method occupies a large construction site and has a long construction period, which has a huge impact on surrounding traffic and urban residents' travel; 3. The construction of traditional underground structures requires excavation of the working surface and erection of temporary support structures before pouring the main body of the underground structure. There are many processes, high costs, and cumbersome construction; the traditional cast-in-place construction method can no longer meet the needs, so it needs to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a support-free semi-separated underground structure. The utility model can complete the rapid assembly construction of the underground structure without support and small excavation, and the construction efficiency is high.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A support-free semi-separated underground structure, at least two groups of prefabricated side panels are connected to form the side walls of the underground structure, at least two groups of prefabricated top panels are connected to form the top wall of the underground structure, a cast-in-place bottom panel is cast between the two side walls of the underground structure, and the cast-in-place bottom panel, the two side walls and the top wall together form the underground structure; reserved holes are opened on the top of the prefabricated side panels along the vertical direction, positioning steel bars are pre-embedded at both ends of the prefabricated top panel along the vertical direction, the width of the prefabricated top panel corresponds to the plate width of the prefabricated side panels, and the positioning steel bars at both ends of the prefabricated top panel are correspondingly inserted into the reserved holes of the two groups of prefabricated side panels, so that the prefabricated top panel is buckled and fixed on the two prefabricated side panels.

[0006] As a further solution of the utility model: the two side sections of the angle steel are respectively an embedded section and a butt joint section, the embedded sections of the two groups of second angle steels are embedded in one group of side sections of the prefabricated side panels, and the butt joint sections of the second angle steels are arranged parallel to the side sections of the prefabricated side panels; butt joint grooves are opened at the other group of side sections of the prefabricated side panels along the length direction of the prefabricated side panels, and the embedded sections of the two groups of first angle steels are embedded in the plate body of the prefabricated side panels along the groove walls on both sides of the butt joint grooves, the butt joint sections of the two first angle steels are arranged opposite to each other and flush with the side sections of the prefabricated side panels, and there is a spacing between the first angle steels and the bottom surface of the butt joint groove so that the corresponding second angle steel can be inserted and butt jointed with the first angle steel.

[0007] As a further solution of the utility model: a first pouring groove is opened on the bottom surface of the butt joint groove along the length direction of the butt joint groove, and a second pouring groove is opened on the prefabricated side panel along the length direction and located between the two second angle steels. The first pouring groove and the second pouring groove are both trapezoidal grooves, and the narrow bottom edges of the first pouring groove and the second pouring groove are arranged opposite to each other; the first pouring groove, the butt joint groove and the second pouring groove cooperate to form a pouring cavity for pouring cement mortar.

[0008] As a further solution of the utility model: bolt holes that penetrate the prefabricated top plates are provided in the prefabricated top plates along the arrangement direction of the prefabricated top plates, the bolt holes of the prefabricated top plates are connected in sequence for the connection bolts to pass through, and mounting grooves connected to the bolt holes are provided on the inner walls of the prefabricated top plates. After the connection bolts pass through the bolt holes, they are locked and fixed in the mounting grooves by fixing nuts.

[0009] As a further solution of the utility model: the positioning steel bars are arranged in an array at both ends of the prefabricated top plate, and the reserved holes on the prefabricated side plates correspond to the positions of the positioning steel bars.

[0010] As a further solution of the utility model: an embedding section for forming an embedding layer is arranged along the vertical direction at the bottom of the prefabricated side plate, and the embedding section is an H-shaped steel.

[0011] As a further solution of the utility model: water-swellable rubber strips are arranged between adjacent prefabricated top plates to improve the sealing performance.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0013] 1. The prefabricated side panels of the utility model are connected to each other in the vertical direction and then grouted. After the grouting solidifies, the connection and fixation of the prefabricated side panels can be achieved to form the side wall of the underground structure. The positioning steel bars of the prefabricated top panel are buckled into the reserved holes of the prefabricated side panel to complete the buckling and fixation of the prefabricated top panel. Finally, the bottom panel is cast in place. The rapid assembly construction of the underground structure can be completed without support and small excavation, and the construction efficiency is high.

[0014] 2. The first pouring groove, the second pouring groove and the docking groove of the utility model are enclosed to form a pouring cavity for cement mortar to be poured and solidified; after the cement mortar solidifies, the gaps between the first angle steel, the second angle steel and the side edges of the prefabricated side panels are filled, and a wedge structure is formed in the first pouring groove and the second pouring groove. The separation between adjacent prefabricated side panels is limited by the wedge structure, and the adjacent prefabricated side panels can be connected in the vertical direction and grouting is performed to complete the docking.

[0015] 3. After the prefabricated top panels of the utility model are buckled onto the prefabricated side panels, the prefabricated top panels can be quickly connected and fixed by inserting connecting bolts into the bolt holes and tightening and fixing them with fixing nuts, which is convenient for subsequent disassembly.

[0016] 4. The prefabricated construction of the utility model shortens the overall construction period. All underground structures except the bottom plate are prefabricated components, which are prefabricated in the factory and hoisted and connected on site, and can be quickly installed. The prefabricated side walls also serve as temporary retaining and supporting components during construction. There is no need to excavate the working surface and set up temporary supporting structures. The excavation is small, which saves time and effort, realizes the rationalization of construction and the economy of the project; with the prefabricated top plate installed first, the ground traffic can be completed and opened early, which greatly reduces the impact on surrounding traffic and urban residents' travel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the prefabricated top plate in the utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a strain curve test diagram of the prefabricated side panel connection method of the utility model and the theoretical cast-in-place method.

[0021] In the figure:

[0022] 1. Prefabricated side panels; 11. Embedded sections; 12. Reserved holes;

[0023] 13. First angle steel; 14. Butt joint groove; 141. First pouring groove;

[0024] 15. Second angle steel; 16. Second pouring trough;

[0025] 2. Prefabricated top plate; 21. Positioning steel bars; 22. Installation groove;

[0026] 23. Bolt hole; 24. Connecting bolt; 25. Fixing nut;

[0027] 3. Cast-in-place base plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 4In the embodiment of the utility model, a support-free semi-separated underground structure includes a plurality of prefabricated side panels 1, and adjacent prefabricated side panels 1 are plugged and fixed in the vertical direction. Two sets of first angle steels 13 and two sets of second angle steels 15 are respectively embedded in the two side edges of the prefabricated side panels 1, and the two side edges of the first angle steel 13 and the second angle steel 15 are respectively defined as the embedded section and the butt section.

[0030] A butt joint groove 14 is provided on one set of side edges of the prefabricated side panel 1 from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The embedded sections of the two sets of first angle steels 13 are embedded in the prefabricated side panel 1 along the groove walls on both sides of the butt joint groove 14. After the first angle steels 13 are embedded, their butt joint sections are flush with the side edges of the prefabricated side panel 1, and the butt joint sections of the two first angle steels 13 face the butt joint groove 14 and are arranged opposite to each other. There is a gap between the first angle steel 13 and the bottom surface of the butt joint groove 14 for the second angle steel 15 to be inserted in the vertical direction.

[0031] The embedded sections of the two groups of second angle steels 15 are embedded in the other group of side edges of the prefabricated side panels 1, and the butt joint sections of the second angle steels 15 are arranged in parallel with the side edges of the prefabricated side panels 1, and the gap between the butt joint sections of the second angle steels 15 and the side edges of the prefabricated side panels 1 is greater than the thickness of the butt joint sections of the first angle steels 13. The butt joint sections of the two groups of second angle steels 15 are oriented in the opposite direction to the butt joint sections of the first angle steels 13.

[0032] A first pouring groove 141 is provided on the bottom surface of the butt joint groove 14 along the vertical direction from top to bottom. A second pouring groove 16 is provided on the side of the prefabricated side panel 1 between the two second angle steels 15 along the vertical direction from top to bottom. The first pouring groove 141 corresponds to the second pouring groove 16 in shape and position, and the cross section of the groove is preferably an isosceles trapezoid. The butt joint section of the second angle steel 15 preferably has a gap of equal distance between the butt joint section of the first angle steel 13 and the butt joint groove 14. The bottom edges of the first pouring groove 141 and the second pouring groove 16 are arranged relative to each other. The first pouring groove 141, the second pouring groove 16 and the butt joint groove 14 are enclosed to form a pouring cavity for cement mortar pouring and solidification. After the cement mortar solidifies, it fills the gap between the first angle steel 13, the second angle steel 15 and the side of the prefabricated side panel 1, and forms a wedge structure in the first pouring groove 141 and the second pouring groove 16. The adjacent prefabricated side panels 1 are plugged in along the vertical direction and grouted to complete the butt joint. The first pouring groove 141, the docking groove 14 and the second pouring groove 16 are non-through grooves, and there is a certain distance between them and the bottom edge of the prefabricated side plate 1, so as to avoid leakage during the pouring of cement mortar.

[0033] An embedded section 11 composed of H-shaped steel is arranged at the bottom of each prefabricated side plate 1 along the vertical direction, and the embedded section 11 is embedded in the soil layer.

[0034] Positioning steel bars 21 are embedded in the vertical direction at both ends of the prefabricated top plate 2, and the positioning steel bars 21 are arranged in an array. The width of the prefabricated top plate 2 corresponds to the width of the prefabricated side plate 1. Reserved holes 12 are opened in the vertical direction on the body of the prefabricated side plate 1 corresponding to the position of the prefabricated top plate 2. After the positioning steel bars 21 of the prefabricated top plate 2 are inserted into the reserved holes 12, the prefabricated top plate 2 and the prefabricated side plate 1 can be buckled and fixed.

[0035] Bolt holes 23 penetrating the prefabricated top plates 2 are provided on the side of each prefabricated top plate 2 along the arrangement direction of the prefabricated top plates 2 for the connection bolts 24 to pass through each prefabricated top plate 2. An installation groove 22 intersecting with the position of the bolt hole 23 is provided on the inner side of the prefabricated top plate 2. The fixing nut 25 in the installation groove 22 locks and fixes the connection bolt 24. After the fixing nut 25 is tightened, the connection bolt 24 and each prefabricated top plate 2 can be connected and fixed. Water-swellable rubber strips are arranged between adjacent prefabricated top plates 2 to improve the sealing performance.

[0036] The prefabricated side panels 1 are connected to form the side walls of the underground structure, and the prefabricated top panels 2 are connected to form the top wall of the underground structure. A cast-in-place bottom plate 3 is cast between the two side walls of the underground structure. The two side walls of the underground structure, the top wall of the underground structure and the cast-in-place bottom plate 3 are enclosed to form the underground structure.

[0037] The construction of underground structures includes the following steps:

[0038] S1, clean the site, press the prefabricated side panels 1 to a set height by static pressure, make the first angle steels 13 and the second angle steels 15 of adjacent prefabricated side panels 1 abut against each other, pour cement mortar into the pouring cavity formed by the adjacent prefabricated side panels 1, and complete the connection of the prefabricated side panels 1 after the cement mortar solidifies;

[0039] S2, excavate the upper soil layer, hoist the prefabricated top plate 2 into place, and fasten the prefabricated top plate 2 to the prefabricated side plate 1;

[0040] S3, backfill soil or perform road construction on the prefabricated top plate 2, and open the traffic on the upper layer of the prefabricated top plate 2 after the construction is completed;

[0041] S4, excavate the lower soil layer between the two side walls, cast the cast-in-place bottom plate 3, and after the cast-in-place bottom plate 3 is completed, open the lower layer traffic under the prefabricated top plate 2.

[0042] The load-strain curve test was carried out for the side wall clamping-grouting connection mechanism of the utility model, and compared with the theoretical calculation value of the cast-in-place underground structure model. The results are shown in Table 1 below. The load-strain relationship of this connection method is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the maximum load is 300kN.

[0043] Table 1

[0044] name Maximum load-steel strain value (x10-6) Connection-Test Value 1610 Cast-in-place-calculated value 1618

[0045] From the table above, we can see that when the maximum load is 300kN, the measured steel bar strain value is 1610, which is basically consistent with the theoretical calculation value of the cast-in-place model. This connection method can be regarded as equivalent to a cast-in-place structure. Figure 4 It can be seen that the load-strain curve of this connection method basically presents a linear relationship within the maximum loading range, which shows that the steel bar is always in an elastic working state. The steel bar stress under the maximum design load is 322MPa, which meets the 360MPa limit specified in the national standard "Code for Design of Concrete Structures" GB50010.

[0046] The basic principles of the present application are described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, strengths, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are only examples and not limitations, and it cannot be considered that these advantages, strengths, effects, etc. are required by each embodiment of the present application. In addition, the specific details disclosed above are only for the purpose of illustration and ease of understanding, not for limitation, and the above details do not limit the present application to being implemented by adopting the above specific details.

[0047] The block diagrams of the devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems involved in this application are only illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the block diagram. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, these devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "including", "comprising", "having", etc. are open words, referring to "including but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with them. The words "or" and "and" used here refer to the words "and / or" and can be used interchangeably with them, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The words "such as" used here refer to the phrase "such as but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with them.

Claims

1. A support-free semi-separated underground structure, characterized in that: At least two groups of prefabricated side panels (1) are connected to form the side walls of the underground structure, and at least two groups of prefabricated top panels (2) are connected to form the top wall of the underground structure. A cast-in-place bottom panel (3) is cast between the two side walls of the underground structure, and the cast-in-place bottom panel (3), the two side walls and the top wall together form the underground structure; the top of the prefabricated side panels (1) is provided with a reserved hole (12) along the vertical direction, and the two ends of the prefabricated top panel (2) are pre-buried with positioning steel bars (21) along the vertical direction. The width of the prefabricated top panel (2) corresponds to the width of the plate body of the prefabricated side panels (1), and the positioning steel bars (21) at the two ends of the prefabricated top panel (2) are correspondingly inserted into the reserved holes (12) of the two groups of prefabricated side panels (1), so that the prefabricated top panel (2) is buckled and fixed on the two prefabricated side panels (1).

2. The support-free semi-separated underground structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two side edges of the angle steel are respectively an embedded section and a butt joint section. The embedded sections of the two groups of second angle steels (15) are embedded in one group of side edges of the prefabricated side plate (1). The butt joint sections of the second angle steels (15) are arranged parallel to the side edges of the prefabricated side plate (1). A butt joint groove (14) is provided at the other group of side edges of the prefabricated side plate (1) along the length direction of the prefabricated side plate (1). The embedded sections of the two groups of first angle steels (13) are embedded in the plate body of the prefabricated side plate (1) along the groove walls on both sides of the butt joint groove (14). The butt joint sections of the two first angle steels (13) are arranged opposite to each other and are flush with the side edges of the prefabricated side plate (1). There is a gap between the first angle steel (13) and the bottom surface of the butt joint groove (14) so ​​that the corresponding second angle steel (15) can be inserted and butt jointed with the first angle steel (13).

3. The support-free semi-separated underground structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A first pouring groove (141) is provided on the bottom surface of the butt joint groove (14) along the length direction of the butt joint groove (14); a second pouring groove (16) is provided on the prefabricated side plate (1) along the length direction and is located between two second angle steels (15); the first pouring groove (141) and the second pouring groove (16) are both trapezoidal grooves, and the narrow bottom edges of the first pouring groove (141) and the second pouring groove (16) are arranged opposite to each other; the first pouring groove (141), the butt joint groove (14) and the second pouring groove (16) cooperate to form a pouring cavity for pouring cement mortar.

4. A support-free semi-separated underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Bolt holes (23) penetrating the prefabricated top plates (2) are provided in the prefabricated top plates (2) along the arrangement direction of the prefabricated top plates (2); the bolt holes (23) of the prefabricated top plates (2) are connected in sequence for connecting bolts (24) to pass through; the inner wall of the prefabricated top plates (2) is provided with mounting grooves (22) connected with the bolt holes (23); the connecting bolts (24) are passed through the bolt holes (23) and then locked and fixed in the mounting grooves (22) by fixing nuts (25).

5. A support-free semi-separated underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The positioning steel bars (21) are arranged in an array at both ends of the prefabricated top plate (2), and the reserved holes (12) on the prefabricated side plates (1) correspond to the positions of the positioning steel bars (21).

6. A support-free semi-separated underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: An embedding section (11) for forming an embedding layer is arranged at the bottom of the prefabricated side plate (1) along a vertical direction, and the embedding section (11) is an H-shaped steel.

7. A support-free semi-separated underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Water-swellable rubber strips are arranged between adjacent prefabricated top plates (2) to improve sealing performance.

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