The invention discloses a smart illumination control system for artificial cultivation of dendrobium candidum, which comprises a cultivating greenhouse, dendrobium candidum seedlings, a spraying device, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a ventilator on the cultivating greenhouse, wherein the seedlings are planted in the cultivating greenhouse, and the spraying device, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged in the cultivating greenhouse. The smart illumination control system for artificial cultivation dendrobium candidum is characterized by further comprising LED seedling growth illuminating devices, an illumination instrument, a control device and an upper computer, wherein the LED seedling growth illuminating devices are hung above each seedling of the dendrobium candidum, and the illumination instrument, the control device and the upper computer are arranged on the roof of the cultivating greenhouse. The temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the illumination instrument are connected with a signal acquiring port of the control device, the spraying device, the ventilator and the LED seedling growth illuminating device are connected with a control port of the control device, and the control device is connected with the upper computer. The LED seedling growth illuminating device comprises an LED lamp panel, a plurality of 620nm monochromatic red LED spotlights and a plurality of 460nm monochromatic blue LED spotlights, wherein the 620nm monochromatic red LED spotlights and the 460nm monochromatic blue LED spotlights are installed on the LED lamp panel, and the number ratio thereof is 3:1. The smart illumination control system can increase yield of dendrobium candidum effectively.